Unit IG2: Risk assessment

Declaration: By submitting this assessment (Parts 1 – 4) for marking I declare that it is entirely my own work. I understand that falsely claiming that the work is
my own is malpractice and can lead to NEBOSH imposing severe penalties (see the NEBOSH Malpractice Policy for further information).

Important note: You must refer to the document ‘Unit IG2: risk assessment – Guidance and information for learners and Learning Partners’ while completing
all parts of this assessment. Your Learning Partner should provide you with a copy, but it can also be downloaded from the relevant resources section for
this qualification on the NEBOSH website.

Part 1: Background

You should aim to complete this section in 150 - 200 words.

Topic Comments
Wallcare Paint Industries Limited
Name of organisation*
Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan
Site location*
1340
Number of workers
Wallcare Paint Industries Limited is a large sized organisation. Factory site of the company
entails of paint batching section, pre-mixing section, and pigment grinding section, inspection
section, filling section, packing section, mechanical workshop, admin block, laboratory,
warehouses, raw material storage, dispersion section, residential area and transportation area.
General description of the organisation
Wallcare Paint Industries Limited started its commercial working in 1992. Company has over
30 years of experience in paints and coatings manufacturing. Main products of the company
are protective paints and coatings, decorative paints, powder coatings, industrial finishes, and
vehicle refinishes.

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 Company sells these products in Pakistan as well as in UAE, Qatar and other Gulf
countries. Organisation is famous for its quality of paints. Routine activities at plant site are
work at height, material shifting, Hot work, housekeeping, waste disposal and routine mechanical
maintenance.

Description of the area to be included in the
risk assessment
Plant operates 24 hours in 03 shifts. First shift starts from 8 am and ends at 4 pm. Second
shift starts from 4 pm and goes up to 12 am. Third shifts starts at 12 am and ends at 8 am.
During my visit to the plant site, I assessed raw material mixing tanks, Quality assurance
laboratory, Gallon filling machines, storage warehouses, admin offices, mess hall, Storage silos,
paint batching section, and production floor.

HSE Officer is a responsible person for health and safety measures in the company. He takes
Any other relevant information care of the safety of the workers during day today working of the plant.

* If you’re worried about confidentiality, you can invent a false name and location for your organisation but, all other information provided must be factual.

You should aim to complete this section in 100 - 200 words.

Note: this section can be completed after you have competed your risk assessment.
Outline how the risk assessment was carried out I wished to get information about paints and varnishes industry, health and safety standards
this should include: and codes of practise set by ILO, HSE and OSHA in paints and varnishes industry. So, I started
. sources of information consulted; shaking internet and I found some very useful websites in my search. Some of those websites
. who you spoke to; and are given below:
. how you identified: https://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/faq-paint.htm
- the hazards; https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/2019-04/Chemicals_in_Painting_Materials.pdf
- what is already being done; and https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---
- any additional controls/actions that safework/documents/publication/wcms_192389.pdf
may be required.
I took some help from RRC international NEBOSH IG2 textbook about hazard identification
and further control measures.

After internet search, I went to the plant site of Wallcare Paint Industries Limited. I went into the
office of HSE Officer of the plant. Firstly I interviewed him, in which I asked about potential hazards

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 of the plant site. He explained hazards of the workplace. Then he told me control measures
taken by the company to reduce those hazards. After that, he escorted me and we visited
whole plant together. During plant visit, I met with the workers and operators. I interviewed
some of those workers. I asked them about their safety trainings, toolbox talks, hazards of their
workplace and their complaints with the higher management. Those interviews helped me to
judge ground reality of the hazards.

Then I went to HSE department of the company. There I started checking safety documents of
the company including HSE plan, accident record, audit reports, inspection reports, training
session record, ill health records and complaint book. Internet search, interviews on site
and HSE documents really helped me in identification of hazards of the workplace,
current control measures taken to reduce those hazards and any additional controls needed
to reduce those hazards completely.

I proposed some additional controls after reading ILO codes of practise, conventions
and recommendations. For example, I proposed replacement of damaged electrical supply wire
of the
grinder with the new one, as an additional control measure:
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO: :P12100_ILO_CODE:C167

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 Part 2: Risk Assessment

Organisation name: Wallcare Paint Industries Limited

Date of assessment: 02 September, 2022
Scope of risk assessment: Raw material mixing tanks, Quality assurance laboratory, Gallon filling machines, storage warehouses, admin offices, Storage silos,
paint batching section, production floor, eating and resting facilities

Hazard category Who might be harmed What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
and hazard and how? required? further actions to person’s job
be completed title
(within …)
Health, welfare All the workers using toilets Hand wash soap was available in Proper sanitation, cleaning and 1 week Housekeeping
and working on site. all toilets. housekeeping of the toilets should Head
environment be done on regular basis
Toilet facilities at production Proper lights were installed in toilets.
Housekeeping site were very unhygienic Toilets should be properly sanitised 1 week Housekeeping
condition in toilets and poorly maintained, there with the help of phenyl or antiseptic Head
was very were mud spots in toilets, liquids
poor, which could besides this the toilet seats Hand wash basins should be installed in
cause outbreak were also wet, dirt was the toilets 2 weeks Finance
of disease. present in most of the Manager
toilets, also drainage system Soap and hand sanitizers should be
was poor few toilets were provided in the area 1 week Finance
over flowing, liquid soap Manager
bottles were empty, no toilet Proper supervision of the
roles were available. housekeeping process should be done on 1 week Housekeeping
regular basis Head
These unhygienic toilets
can result in outbreak of Proper training should be given to
disease and cross the workers about proper usage of 2 weeks HSE Officer
contamination in workers. toilet facility

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Hazard category Who might be harmed What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
and hazard and how? required? further actions to person’s job
be completed title
(within …)
HSE manager
Health surveillance should be provided
to the workers 3 months Medical Staff

Noise Area operators and Noise hazard signage were posted Acoustic barriers should be 1 month Finance
other workers will be in area. installed around roller mill to reduce Manager
During crushing suffered from loud noise. noise at source
and pulverizing Cabins were provided for operators.
operation, loud Workers were working near Proper maintenance and periodic 2 weeks Maintenance
noise was roller mill where raw inspection should performed Head
being produced by material was grinded into be grinders and cutters on
roller mill, which powder farm to use in
could cause further processing, the roller First aid box should be present in the area 2 weeks HSE Officer
hearing mill was producing high
impairment. noise because poor
maintenance and workers Safety signs should also be present in the 1 week HSE Officer
were not wearing any area
hearing protection.
Excessive breaks should be given to 2 weeks Adin Manager
This high noise can result the workers to reduce their noise
in ringing in eras, temporary exposure
or permanent hearing
Proper information, instructions and
loss, tinnitus or persistent HSE Officer
trainings should be given to the 2 weeks
tinging bells.
workers about noise control

Ear muffs and other personal

protective equipment should be 2 weeks HSE Officer
provided to the workers

Proper health surveillance should also be HSE Manager

provided to the workers exposed to the noise 3 months Medical Staff

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Hazard category Who might be harmed What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
and hazard and how? required? further actions to person’s job
be completed title
(within …)

Manual Handling Workers shifting different Cold drinking water was provided Chemical bags should be transported 1 month Finance
materials manually to workers. with the help of forklift truck or hand Manager
Workers were were exposed to the hazards. trolleys
manually shifting Robust Hand gloves were given
phthalic It was noted that in to workers involved in manual Adequate number of workers should 3 days Admin Manager
anhydride, talcum, production area workers handling. be allocated for the manual
aluminium powder were manually shifting transportation of the brine tank
and pigment phthalic anhydride, talcum, HSE Offi cer
bags which could aluminium powder and First aid box should be present in the 1 week
cause back pain pigment bags from area in case of emergency
storage warehouse to Acti vity
different processing Proper supervision of the activity 1 week Supervisor
containers and mixers. The should be provided by the management
task was very repetitive,
sometime very heavy load Proper practise sessions and HSE Officer
is lifted exciding safety limit training should be given about how to 2 weeks
allowed for manual handling perform manual handling safely
and lifting posture of most
of the workers were Necessary personal protective equipment HSE Officer
incorrect. should be given to the workers 2 weeks

Manual Handling may result

in WRULDs, backbone Necessary health surveillance should HSE Manager
pain, muscle damage, disc be provided to the workers 3 months Medical Staff
injury and dislocation of bones.

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Hazard category Who might be harmed What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
and hazard and how? required? further actions to person’s job
be completed title
(within …)
Working at Maintenance workers Proper access ladders were Balanced and properly inspected 1 month Finance
height working on top of silo are provided togo upon storage silo. mobile elevated (MEWP) working Manager
exposed to danger. platform should be provided
Some workers Tool belts and tool taglines
were working Three maintenance workers were provided to workers Safety nets and air bags should 1 month Finance
on top of raw were fixing top vent line of working at height. be installed around the working platform Manager
material silo raw material storage silo
without using full near unprotected edge Area under the work at height 1 week Activity
body harness without using safety harnesses platform should be barricaded Supervisor
which could cause and fall protection system,
fall of person worker and material can fall First aid box should be present in the area 1 week HSE Officer
result in spinal from height
cord injuries Safety signs should be placed in the area 2 weeks HSE Officer
Which may result in
sever personal injuries Proper supervision of the activity Activity
such as wounds, bruises, should be provided 1 week Supervisor
multiple physical injuries,
bone fractures, joint Proper instructions and training should HSE Officer
dislocation, spinal cord be provided to the workers before the 3 weeks
injuries, disabilities and even start of the activity
death of worker.
Safety harness and other HSE Officer
required mandatory personal 3 weeks
protective equipment should be given to
the workers
Hazardous All workers present in Proper coveralls were provided Install proper water sprinkling system 1 month Finance
substance Mixing and paint batching to workers working in mixing to settledown dust particles Manager
area, especially workers and batching area.
Aluminium dust involved in batch preparation Air quality testing meters should 2 months Finance
was present exposed to aluminum dust. Toolbox talk was being provided be installed to check air quality regularly Manager
in mixing area to the workers
and Workers were adding sacks Wash basins should be installed to 1 month Finance
workers were of aluminium powder in First aid box was present in the area wash face in case of skin allergy or Manager
exposed to mixer irritation
it,
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Hazard category Who might be harmed What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
and hazard and how? required? further actions to person’s job
be completed title
(within …)
which could cause pigment batch for decorative Safety signs were also displayed in the
irritati on in eyes. purpose to give shining effect area Proper breathing masks, safety
in the metallic paints as goggles and other personal protective 2 weeks HSE Officer
prime ingredient. Too equipment should be provided to the
much aluminium dust was workers
being evolved and present
in the area. Proper health surveillance should 3 months HSE Manager
be provided to the workers exposed to Medical staff
dust
Inhalation of this dust
can results in irritation,
Lungs problem, irritation in
eyes, respiratory tract
infections and asthma.

Electricity Worker using cutting grinder All power tools were being Replace that damaged supply wire of 3 weeks Electrician
can get harmed. inspected every month and putted the grinder with the new wire
Supply cable prop tags and color cods.
of cutting It was noted that a worker Perform temporary maintenance of 1 week Electrician
grinder was was using cutting grinder to Hand gloves were provided to the wire for the time being
damaged, which cut six inches diameter pipe workers.
on contact, could in utility area for tie in Install a circuit breaker in the circuit 1 week Electrician
cause severe of new connection with
electric shock existing pipe line, electric
cable of cutting grinder was Install emergency stop button to 3 weeks Maintenance
damaged from several pints the grinder Supervisor
and conducting wires were
exposed, wires was also Fix Earth wire of the grinder 1 week Electrician
plugged in socket directly
without proper plug.
First aid box must be placed in the area 2 weeks HSE Officer
This unsafe condition can
lead to fire and
electrocution resulting in Safety signs should be present in the area 1 week HSE Officer
property damage and
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 personal injuries like

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Hazard category Who might be harmed What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
and hazard and how? required? further actions to person’s job
be completed title
(within …)
electric burns, muscle
contraction, cardiac arrest and Proper training sessions should be 3 weeks HSE Officer
even death given to the workers

Insulated personal protective 3 weeks HSE Officer

equipment should be given to the
workers
Work Equipment All workers and Training were given to workers Installation of safety guards 3 weeks Finance
operators working near about machine safety. around pigment mixer should be made Manager
Safety guards pigment mixer were exposed sure
of pigment to hazard. Proper lighting was available Emergency stop button should be 2 weeks Maintenance
mixer were near mixer tanks. installed on the mixer Supervisor
damaged and There was no protective
workers were guard present on high speed Proper interlock guards should be 1 month Maintenance
exposed to rotating gears of pigment Supervisor
installed around mixer
high speed mixer on production floor
rotating gears, and worker wore working Proper maintenance of the mixer should 2 weeks Maintenance
which could cause on same equipment for be done Supervisor
cuts and bruises. adding raw material, setting
parameters, and for taking First aid box should be present in the area HSE Officer
2 weeks
samples. There are high
chances of entanglement Proper supervision of the activity Activity
of clothes with high speed should be provided Supervisor
1 week
rotating gears.
Proper training about mixer usage HSE Officer
This condition will lead should be given to the workers 2 weeks
to serious personal injuries,
loss of body parts and even Personal protective equipment HSE Officer
death of worker. should also be provided to the workers 2 weeks

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Hazard category Who might be harmed What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
and hazard and how? required? further actions to person’s job
be completed title
(within …)
Confined space Workers working inside the Proper isolation was done at Gas check and tests for other 1 week Area Operator
storage vessel might inlet and outlet of storage vessel. hazardous substances should be
Cleaning process get harmed. performed before start of work
was carried out Toolbox talk was given to the workers
by the workers Cleaning activity was A whole watcher should be provided 2 weeks Activity
inside paint being carried out inside the to the worker working in storage vessel Supervisor
storage vessel paint storage vessel for
without taking some maintenance without Permit to work system should be 2 weeks HSE Officer
safety precautions taking proper safety strictly followed during work in confined
which could measures. There was no space
cause standby man on entry point, Proper training sessions should
unconsciousness low lighting inside the vessel, be arranged for workers working in 3 weeks HSE Officer
as this was solvent based confined space
paint storage vessel so
oxygen level was also low. Proper communication device should
be given to the entrant in kiln 1 month Activity
Super visor
This unsafe condition
might impart serious Proper third party certified breathing
consequences and can badly apparatus and other personal 2 weeks HSE Officer
effect the health leading protective equipment should be
to suffocation, dizziness, provided to the worker
unconsciousness and in severe
case death of cleaning workers.
Electricity Workers, operators, Toolbox talk about the hazards of Replace damaged electrical panel with 2 weeks Electrician
supervisors and visitors the electricity is given to the workers a new electrical panel
In mechanical might be harmed due to
workshop, an electricity First aid box is present in the area Install insulated cover/lid on the 1 week Finance
electrical panel electrical panel Manager
was damaged In mechanical workshop,
and was electrical panel of Circuit breaker should be installed in 2 weeks Electrician
generating sparks electricity supply was the circuit
which could cause damaged and was producing
electric sparks. Area was not
barricaded, no safety signs
were present and
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 workers

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Hazard category Who might be harmed What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
and hazard and how? required? further actions to person’s job
be completed title
(within …)
shock to the were directly exposed to Area containing the electric hazard 1 week Area Head
workers the damaged panel should be barricaded

Electricity may cause Safety signs should be provided at 2 weeks HSE Officer
electrocution, electrical shock, the place
arcing, fire, skin burn,
organ damage and deaths in Proper information and training 3 weeks HSE Officer
severe cases. sessions should be given to the
workers about electrical safety

Proper insulated personal 3 weeks HSE Officer

protective equipment should be
provided to the workers

Vibrations Workers and operators Compressors were installed Base of the compressor should be 2 weeks Finance
working around near by away from operator cabins. rebuilt to reduce vibration intensity Manager
Air compressor the compressors might
was causing get effected. Regular toolbox talk is being given Proper maintenance and regular 2 weeks Maintenance
high magnitude to the workers inspection of the compressor should Supervisor
of vibrations High magnitude of vibrations be done to reduce vibration level
which could were felt near heavy
cause muscle air compressor providing air Job rotation of the workers should 2 weeks Admin Manager
damage for pneumatic operations of be done to reduce worker’s exposure
plant, Bases of the blowers to vibration
were damaged also no Admin Manager
proper maintenance record Excessive breaks should be given to the 2 weeks
was available that’s workers to reduce their exposure to the
why compressor were vibration
producing high vibrations. HSE Officer
Proper instructions and training should 3 weeks
This might result in be given to the workers about vibration
muscle weakening, joint and
nerve damage of workers, also
it can

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Hazard category Who might be harmed What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
and hazard and how? required? further actions to person’s job
be completed title
(within …)
damage the structure and Vibration resistant personal protective HSE Officer
lead to breakdown of equipment should be given to the 2 weeks
compressor or other workers
equipment present near the Hse Manager
compressor. Periodic health surveillance should
be given to the workers
3 months Medical staff

Slips and Trips All the workers Safety procedure of good All spillage from the floor should 1 week Housekeeping
performing their activities housekeeping was in place in be cleared regularly Head
Paint emulsion in the warehouse and paint storage area.
was spilled on other who might visit the Slip kit should be placed near 2 weeks Area Head
floor from pint storage area. Safety signs were present in the area emulsion spillage in warehouse
damaged paint
gallon in It was noted that in Absorbing mats should be placed 2 weeks Area Head
warehouse could product storage warehouse at spillage area
cause slip and Emulsion paint gallon was
fall and damaged due to poor Supervision of housekeeping should 1 week Housekeeping
respective injuries. stacking on one another be done Head
and due to emulsion paint
spillage on floor there are high
chances of slippage from very Proper trainings to deal with slip and 3 weeks HSE Officer
slippery floor. trip hazards should be given to the
workers
This might lead to Safety shoes and other related
accident resulting in injuries personal protective equipment should be 3 weeks HSE Officer
like bruises, broken bones, provided to the workers
paint inhalation, breathing
problem and
unconsciousness.

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Part 3: Prioritise 3 actions with justification for the selection
Suggested word counts
Moral, general legal and financial arguments for all actions: 300 to 350 words
For EACH action:
Specific legal arguments: 100 to 150 words
Likelihood AND severity: 75 to 150 words
How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk: 100 to 150 words

Moral, general legal and financial arguments for ALL actions

Moral, general legal and financial arguments
Moral Arguments:
Workers come in plant to make earning for them and their families and in return they provide company
production, business, reputation and profit. In true sense, workers are real assets of a company. But unfortunately,
most of the companies do not care about worker’s safety. They are more concerned with the job getting done, profit
and production, which causes accidents, injuries and loss of morale level of the workers.
Wallcare Paint Industries Limited has a duty of care, moral and legal obligation to provide its workers a safe
workplace and safe machinery to work. If injuries occur in workplace, workers will lose jobs and life. This will directly
impact on their social lives. Mental and physical health of the workers will also be damaged due to accidents. So,
companies should provide safe workplace.
Financial Arguments:
Companies and workers almost always get financial losses as a result of injuries and accidents. After injury, worker
has no job, so may become bankrupt. Companies on the other hand, face different types of financial losses. I can
categorise them as;
. Direct losses: companies lose money in the form of hospital cost, first aid cost, compensation cost, sick pay
cost, overtime cost, and new hiring cost.
. Indirect losses: companies face indirect losses in the form of production loss, production time loss,
building damage, delay in orders, and loss of contacts, loss of market, loss of face value and loss of
company’sreputation. These costs area lot more than the direct costs.
. Enforcements cost losses: after accident,companies have to hire lawyer that cost, fines cost and criminal
claims cost are included in this type.

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Justification for action 1
Action (Taken from column 4 of
risk assessment)
Specific legal arguments
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General Legal Arguments:
ILO Convention C155 says that Employer should make sure provision of safe workplace, machinery, equipment
and process. It is legal requirement of every company to follow local and international safety standards in order to
maintain its reputation, to get certifications and for their workers safety. All companies have to follow international
and national safety standards in order to ensure safety of their workers. Wallcare Paint Industries Limited also
complies with and obeys ILO conventions, recommendations and codes of practise and Pakistan Factories Act 1934.
If company fails to conform to any of these standards, they may face court improvement orders, legal prosecutions,
stop of work orders, court fines and imprisonment. Company may also lose its international safety
certifications, and international safety bodies memberships. Company may also lose contracts, face value and
reputation. Company may also lose benchmarking status in case of non-compliance with safety standards. Company
may lose civil claim cases to their workers. So, to avoid all these negative impacts, companies should invest on health
and safety of the workers.
Acoustic barriers should be installed around roller mill to reduce noise at source (Noise)
ILO conventions and recommendations make sure proper installation of technical devices to reduce noise in
workplace. For example:
R156 - Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Recommendation, 1977 (No. 156) says that;
“11. The employer should ensure the regular inspection and maintenance of machines and installations, with respect to
the emission of harmful substances, dust, noise and vibration.
12. The competent authority should, when necessary for the protection of the workers' health, establish a procedure for
the approval of personal protective equipment”.
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:1 2100:0::NO::P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312494
The control of Noise at work Regulations 2005 state that;
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 “The employershall ensure that risk from the exposure of his employees to noise is either eliminated at source or, where this is
not reasonably practicable, reduced to aslow a level as is reasonably practicable”.
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/1643/regulation/6/made

Occupational Safety and Health Recommendation (R-164) says that;

“To provide and maintain workplaces, machinery and equipment, and use work methods, which areas safe and without risk to
health as is reasonably practicable”.
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100 _INSTRUMENT_ID:312502:NO

These recommendations and regulations are forcing Employer to reduce noise in workplace by installing
proper technical devices. Wallcare Paint Industries Limited fails to comply with these recommendations and
regulations.

Consideration of likelihood AND The likelihood of embracing effects and injuries from high level of sound is high. Because workers did not
severity possess ear muffs and ear plugs. There were no safety measurements for workers. There were no acoustic
barriers around roller mill to reduce noise. So likelihood of injury seemed high.
. types of injury or ill health
. number of workers at risk Severity can be explained after dividing into many stages. Four basic severity stages are given below;
. how often the activity is . Minimal (no injury)
carried out . Minor (first aid requiring injury)
. how widespread the risk is
. Major (long term hospital treatment injury and damage to the plant)
. Catastrophic (death to the workers and huge damage to plant property and equipment
Severity of the impactor injury caused by the noise pollution is major.
. Noise may cause temporary hearing loss, permanent hearing loss, noise induced hearing
loss (NIHL), ear drum damage, ringing in ears and ear pain. Most of these problems require
hospital treatment. So, severity level is major.
. Almost a hundred workers work in raw material mixing section and all are at risk of being
affected by the noise
. Roller mill is working 24/7. So, workers are exposed to the hazard during their shift timing (08
hours)

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 . Risk is present in whole raw material mixing section

How effective the action is likely to

Installation of acoustic barriers will reduce sound level at source effectively. Due to which injuries and
be in controlling the risk. This
fatigues caused by noise like ear drum damage, ringing in ears, temporary hearing loss and permanent hearing
should include:
loss will be avoided.
. the intended impact of
I have recommended 01 month timespan for the installation of acoustic barriers around roller mill. During this
the action;
time a requisition from Area Head will be forwarded to the Finance Manager for the availability of funds to
. justification for the timescale
purchase acoustic barriers. Funds will be provided by the Finance Manager. After that, company will purchase
that you indicated in your
high quality acoustic barriers and maintenance team will install those acoustic barriers around roller mill. 01
risk assessment; and
month time is sufficient for the installation of the acoustic barriers.
. whether you think the action
willfully control the risk Installation of acoustic barriers will almost fully reduce the risk. Because after installation of the acoustic
barriers, direct exposure of the workers to the noise will be reduced. Moreover, with the help of other
recommended actions, risk will be efficiently controlled.

Justification for action 2

Action (Taken from column 4 of Replace that damaged supply wire of the grinder with the new wire (Electricity)
risk assessment)

Specific legal arguments Some ILO conventions force Employer to provide safe electrical equipment to the workers.
Article 26 of ILO Convention 167 states that:
“1. All electrical equipment and installations shall be constructed, installed and maintained by a competent person,
and so used as to guard against danger.

2. Before construction is commenced and during the progress thereof adequate steps shall be taken to ascertain
the presence of and to guard against danger to workers from any live electrical cable or apparatus which is under, over
or on the site.

3. The laying and maintenance of electrical cables and apparatus on construction sites shall be governed by the
technical rules and standards applied at the national level.”

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Consideration of likelihood AND severity
. types of injury or ill health
. number of workers at risk
. how often the activity is carried out
. how widespread the risk is
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https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P 12100_ILO_CODE:C167
Occupational Safety and Health Recommendation (R-164) says that;
“To provide and maintain workplaces, machinery and equipment, and use work methods, which areas safe and without
risk to health as is reasonably practicable”.
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100 _INSTRUMENT_ID:312502:NO
According to this ILO convention, Employer should provide and maintain safe electrical equipment.
Wallcare Paint Industries Limited is in non-compliance with this ILO convention.
Likelihood of injuries and accidents due to damaged electrical wire is high. Workers are working carelessly
in the area. Workers do not have proper insulated personal protective equipment. Operator of the
machine is exposed to the hazards throughout his shift time. So, likelihood is quite high.
Severity can be explained after dividing into many stages. Four basic severity stages are given below;
. Minimal (no injury)
. Minor (first aid requiring injury)
. Major (long term hospital treatment injury and damage to the plant)
. Catastrophic (death to the workers and huge damage to plant property and equipment
Severity of the injuries caused by the electricity is catastrophic.
. Electricity may cause arcing, electric burns, electric shocks, electrocution, skin burns,
internal organ damage and death in certain cases. Most of the injuries need hospital
treatment but death makes severity level catastrophic.
. Total of 04 people were at risk. One fabricator and 03 helpers involved in the activity
. Activity was carried out for around 03 hours. So, workers were exposed to the hazard
for almost 03 hours
. Risk was spread only at the specific activity of maintenance in utility section
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 How effective the action is likely to be
in controlling the risk. This should include:
. the intended impact of the action;
. justification for the timescale that
you indicated in your
risk assessment; and
. whether you think the action will
fully control the risk
When damaged electrical supply wire is replaced, then hazards of electric shock, electrocution, skin burn
and death due to contact with uninsulated damaged wire will be reduced. Due to which all possible
injuries of electricity contact will be controlled.
I recommended time period of 03 weeks for the completion of the task. During this time, workshop
supervisor will arrange a new and double insulated wire to replace the old and damaged wire. Then, he
will advise a, Electrical Technician to replace the damaged wire. So, all this process should not take more
time than 03 weeks.
Replacing the damaged electrical supply wire will decrease the chances of injury due to contact with
damaged and uninsulated electrical wire. Hence, risk of injury will be efficiently controlled.

Justification for action 3

Action (Taken from column 4 of Installation of safety guards around pigment mixer should be made sure (Work Equipment and machinery)
risk assessment)

Specific legal arguments There are some ILO conventions which try to ensure installation of safety guards and missing parts
in machineries to make their working safer.
ILO convention 119, Article 6 states

“1. The use of machinery any dangerous part of which, including the point of operation, is without appropriate guards
shall be prohibited by national laws or regulations or prevented by other equally effective measures: Provided that
where this prohibition cannot fully apply without preventing the use of the machinery it shall apply to the extent that
the use of the machinery permits.

2. Machinery shall be so guarded as to ensure that national regulations and standards of occupational safety and
hygiene are not infringed”.

https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_INSTRUMENT _ID:312264

ILO convention 155 (occupational safety and health convention) says that;

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Consideration of likelihood AND severity
. types of injury or ill health
. number of workers at risk
. how often the activity is carried out
. how widespread the risk is
How effective the action is likely to be
in controlling the risk. This should include:
. the intended impact of the action;
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“Employers shall be required to ensure that,sofaras is reasonably practicable, the workplaces, machinery, equipment
and processes under their control are safe and without risk to health
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P1 2100_ILO_CODE:C155
This ILO convention demands installations of safety guards on dangerous and exposed parts of the
machinery. Wallcare Paint Industries Limited does not conform to this ILO standards.
Likelihood of injury and accident due to unguarded mixer is high. Workers are working near the mixer
without proper personal equipment. They are directly exposed to the propeller blades of the mixer. They are
not well trained to work in that situation. That’s why probability of the accident is high.
Severity can be explained after dividing into many stages. Four basic severity stages are given below;
. Minimal (no injury)
. Minor (first aid requiring injury)
. Major (long term hospital treatment injury and damage to the plant)
. Catastrophic (death to the workers and huge damage to plant property and equipment
Severity of the injuries is catastrophic.
. Drawing-in may cause cuts, bruises, broken bones, fractured bones, finger cutting, and
loss of body parts, head injury and death in some cases. Some of these injuries can be
cured in hospital but death takes severity level to catastrophic.
. Almost 25 workers were working near unguarded pigment mixer. So, they all were at risk
of injury
. As, pigment mixer is working continuously for 24 hours daily. So, workers are exposed to
the hazard almost 08 hours a day during their shift timing
. Risk of getting injury by unguarded mixer is present around the pigment mixer only
in production area
When safety guards around mixer are installed, then direct exposure of workers to the dangerous parts of
the mixer will be controlled. Due to which, chances of accident will be reduced up to much extent.
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 . justification for the timescale that
you indicated in your
risk assessment; and
. whether you think the action will
fully control the risk
Part 4: Review, communicate and check
Suggested word counts for each section:
. Planned review date or period and reasoning for this: 50 - 100 words
. How the risk assessment findings will be communicated and who needs to know the information: 100 - 150 words
. Followup on the risk assessment: 100 - 150 words.
.
Planned review date/period with reasoning
How the risk assessment findings will
be communicated AND who you need to tell
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I have suggested time period of 03 weeks for the installation of safety guards around mixer. In this
time, Finance Manager will release funds for the purchase of safety guards. Then, a company
representative will buy safety guards from local market. After purchase, Maintenance Manager will make
sure proper installation of the safety guards around mixer. This task should be completed in 03 weeks.
I think installation of safety guards around mixer will definitely reduce the risk of injury. Because after
installation of safety guards, workers will be safer than before due to elimination of direct exposure to the
dangerous parts.
Wallcare Paint Industries Limited have a clear policy to review their risk assessments after every 12
months. So, keeping in view company’s policy, I have suggested review date no later than 01
September, 2023. However, this risk assessment can be reviewed before only in case of
. Change in company’s policy
. Change in technology
. Change in process
. Change in national legislation
. Change in international laws
. Accidents happening
I will share my risk assessment findings to the responsible persons, HSE Officer and other officers in the
form of presentation. I will arrange a meeting with all management of the company and will present findings
of my risk assessment to them. I will convince them to complete additional recommended actions in time. I
will also share my risk assessment with them in the form of hard copy documents, emails, letters and
memos.
Findings of my risk assessment will also be communicated with the workers in the form of
announcements, toolbox talk, instructions, training sessions and notice board announcements. Risk
assessment findings will also be shared on the intranet of the company to which every worker has access.
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 How you will followup on the risk
assessment to check that the actions have
been carried out
I will setup a reminder before 01 week of the deadlines for the actions to betaken. I will goto the site
and will meet with the responsible persons for the required actions. I will check the progress on the
additional actions. If actions are taken care of, then I will appreciate efforts of the responsible persons. But
if there is a delay in any of the actions, I will try to find out main hindrance in the completion of the task.
After finding the problem, I will try to eradicate that problem.

If there are financial problems or some extra effort or money needed to complete the task, I will refer
to Finance Manager for help. If Finance Manager is unable to help in completion of tasks on time, then I
will meet with the Managing Director of the company for sources to complete the task in allocated time.

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