Well Control Equipment

13 November 2020
 IWCF Surface Equipment
• Diverter Systems (non
containment)

13 November 2020
 IWCF Surface Equipment
• Diverters Systems
(non containment)
• Annular preventers

13 November 2020
 IWCF Surface Equipment
• Diverter Systems (non
containment)
• Annular preventers
• Ram preventers

13 November 2020
 IWCF Surface Equipment
• Diverter Systems (non
containment)
• Annular preventers
• Ram preventers
• Riser spool & Drilling
cross

13 November 2020
 IWCF Surface Equipment
• Diverter Systems (non
containment)
• Annular preventers
• Ram preventers
• Riser spool & Drilling
cross
• Choke lines & manifold

13 November 2020
 IWCF Surface Equipment
• Diverter Systems (non
containment)
• Annular preventers
• Ram preventers
• Riser spool & Drilling
cross
• Choke lines & manifold
• Gas Separators

13 November 2020
 IWCF Surface Equipment
• Diverter Systems (non
containment)
• Annular preventers
• Ram preventers
• Riser spool &Drilling
cross
• Side Outlet Valves
• Choke manifold
• Gas Separators
• Hydraulic Control
System
13 November 2020
 IWCF Surface Equipment
• Diverter Systems (non
containment)
• Annular preventers
• Ram preventers
• Riser spool &Drilling
cross
• Side Outlet Valves
• Choke manifold
• Gas Separators
• Hydraulic Control
System
• Drill String Equipment
13 November 2020
 Diverter Systems
API RP 64

• Used when risk of shallow gas is present

• Casing / conductor set too shallow to allow
full close-in and containment
• Provide a low pressure flow control system to
direct controlled or uncontrolled wellbore
fluids away from the immediate drilling area
• “For the safety of personnel and equipment
involved in the operation”

13 November 2020
 Diverter Systems
API RP 64
• Diverter System WP
– Diverter and all components shall
have a minimum WP of 200 psi
• Vent lines
– Lines as large as possible 6” min.
– Straight, avoid bends / angles
– Consider wind direction
• Control system
– Designed to open the side outlet
valve(s) before closing the
preventer (1500 psi closing
pressure & large ID lines
13 November 2020
 Diverter Systems
API RP 64
FSP Diverter

• Vent line(s) opened as

annular closed (hydraulic

operating system)

• 1500 psi operating pressure

13 November 2020
 Flow Line Seal 5

Insert Packer 4

Standard Packer 6

Diverter Lock Down Dog 3

Insert Packer Lock Down Dog 2

Closing Port 1

13 November 2020
 Diverter Systems – Summing Up
for the safety of personnel
and equipment involved in
the operation - not Wind
designed to shut-in or halt
flow
Diverter

Vent lines – “6” or

Diverter
larger…. typically Spool
10” for offshore”
Bottom Valves, full opening/full bore
Flange

Function Test Daily

Closing Sequence
1. open side outlet(s)
2. close diverter
13 November 2020 Conductor Pipe
What are the main components of the 21" diverter
systems? (Select two answers)
a. A vent line big enough to safely remove well
fluids using the Mud Gas Separator (MGS)
b. A vent line big enough to safely remove well
fluids from well
c. A high pressure, large diameter ram preventer
d. A low pressure, large diameter annular preventer
e. Vent lines with manually operated ball valves
13 November 2020
 BOP Equipment

API RP 53
BOP Equipment
Surface BOP Equipment

13 November 2020
 API RP 53
BOP Equipment
Surface BOP Equipment
Pressure Testing
• Prior to Spud or upon installation
• After disconnection or repair of any
component, but limited to affected
component
• Low & High pressure test (500psi –
rated/required)
• LP & HP at least 5 mins.
• Not to exceed 21 days

13 November 2020
 API RP 53
BOP Equipment
Surface BOP Equipment
Hydraulic Kill and Choke Line Valves
• Always on outside

• Are backed up by manual valves on the

inside

• Low & High pressure test (500psi –

rated/required)

• LP & HP at least 5 mins.

• Not to exceed 21 days

13 November 2020
 API RP 53
BOP Equipment
Surface BOP Equipment
Working Pressure
• Lowest of all connected BOP items

• 10,000 psi BOP with one 5,000 psi valve

reduces Working Pressure to 5,000 Psi

• 5,000 psi BOP with one 3,000 psi flange

reduces Working Pressure to 3,000 Psi

13 November 2020
 API RP 53
BOP Equipment
Surface BOP Equipment
Working Pressure and Factory Body Test

Pressure

WP Body Test

2,000 psi 4,000 psi (2x WP)

3,000 psi 6,000 psi (2x WP)

5,000 psi 10,000 psi (2x WP)

10,000 psi 15,000 psi (1.5 x WP)

15,000 psi 22,500 psi (1.5 x WP)

13 November 2020
 IWCF QUESTION
What should be the Rated Working Pressure
of the BOP Stack as per API?
a. Maximum anticipated MAASP
b. Maximum anticipated Pore Pressure
c. Maximum anticipated Surface Pressure
d. Maximum anticipated Hydraulic Pressure
e. Maximum anticipated Pressure Loss in the
system
f. Maximum anticipated Bottom Hole Pressure

13 November 2020
 Test Plug
or Cup Type Tester
Plug Type Tester
13 November 2020
Test Plug sits in top of Well Head
with Side Out Let Valve (SOV)
open

Well Head

Well Head
Valve

Why is the Valve open?

To Protect the Casing and Casing

Shoe in case Plug Tester Leaks

13 November 2020
 Ring Gaskets
API Spec 16A & 6A, 6B

13 November 2020
 API Standard Seal Rings and Ring Grooves
BX pressure-energized ring joint gaskets:
- Face to Face contact
- For Ring Groove API 6BX, segmented flanges & clamp hubs
- Gasket slightly larger than groove, compressed to achieve initial seal
- Pressure balance achieved with axial holes
- Rated for 5000 – 10000 psi

13 November 2020
What indicates nominal flange size of a 6 BX type flange?
a. Diameter of the ring groove
b. Outer side diameter of flanges
c. Pitch circle diameter of bolt holes
d. Inside diameter of the flange.

Which of the following ring gaskets are pressure

energised ring gaskets? 2 answers
a. Type BX
b. Type R octagonal
c. Type R oval
d. Type RX with a hole

Which ring gasket does not match 6B flange?

a. Type BX
b. Type R octagonal
c. Type R oval
d. Type RX with a hole
13 November 2020
 Annular Preventers

13 November 2020
 Annular Preventers
Operating Pressures
• Normal 500 – 1500 psi
• Stripping (depends on type /
well pressure)
• Most Annulars are Well
Pressure assist to close

Operating Capabilities
• Annular can close on:
• DP, Tbg, Csg.
• Open hole
• Kelly‟s
• Moving / rotating pipe
• reciprocating
13 November 2020
 Hydril GK Annular Preventer

1,500 psi Casing

Pressure
2,500 psi Casing Pressure
13 November 2020 2 3/8 pipe
2 3/8 pipe
 Annular Preventers
• Operating Pressures
• Operating Capabilities
– Annular can close
on:
• DP, Tbg, Csg.
• Open hole
• Moving / rotating
pipe

13 November 2020
13 November 2020
Selection of packing element of Annular Preventer

is based on which of the following parameters?

(Select two answers)

a. Minimum and Maximum diameter of pipe

b. Type of mud in which it is to be used

c. Required closing pressure

d. Temperature rating of the element

13 November 2020
 Ram Type Preventers

13 November 2020
 Cameron „U‟ Preventer

13 November 2020
• Weep hole indicates when seals are failing
• Secondary seal, energised by plastic, prevents well pressure
from reaching the operating cylinder
13 November 2020
When testing a pipe ram at the weekly BOP test you are informed that the weep hole on
ram is leaking. What action will you take?
a. Weep Hole only checks closing chamber seals leave it till next maintenance
b. Energize emergency plastic packing ring. If leak stops then leave it till next
maintenance schedule.
c. Primary mud seal is leaking and you should replace it immediately
d. Ram packing elements on ram body are worn & to be replaced immediately
e. A leak here is normal because metal sealing faces in the ram need some lubrication
to minimize damage

What is the primary function of the "Weep Hole" on ram type BOP?
a. To show the seals on the bonnet is leaking
b. To show the primary mud seal on the piston rod is leaking
c. To release any overpressure that may occur during testing
d. To prevent damage to the opening chamber

What do you understand by primary seal & secondary seal of ram preventer?
a. Primary seal is a ram shaft seal and secondary seal is an emergency pack off which
is a back up for primary mud seal
b. Primary seal is a top seal and secondary seal is front packer which is used to seal
around the pipe in well bore
c. Primary seal is a ram packer and secondary seal is top seal which is used to seal the
annulus
13 November 2020
 BOP Stack
classification

13 November 2020
 Hang-off Capacities Pipe Rams

13 November 2020
What is the function of blind shear
rams?
a. To only shear any kind of tubular in the
well
b. To shear the drill pipe and seal the well
bore simultaneously
c. To shear around the hexagonal or
square Kelly
13 November 2020
 Downstream from the BOP

13 November 2020
 Choke Manifold
Main Functions
• Provide means of
applying controlled
back pressure to the
well whilst
circulating a kick
• Resist wear from
abrasive well fluid

13 November 2020
13 November 2020
What should be the diameter of vent /bleed/straight

through line in choke manifold?

a. 3" in diameter

b. 5" in diameter

c. At least equal to the diameter of choke line

13 November 2020
 What is the function of vent line or
bleed line or straight through line in
the choke manifold?
a.To bleed high volume of formation fluid
by passing the choke
b.To facilitate easy handling of choke
c. To apply back pressure while controlling
a kick
13 November 2020
 Gas Separation

13 November 2020
“PoorBoy” Also called
Mud Gas Seperator (MGS)
De-gasser

Gas is leaving
through the Vent Line

Gas-cut Mud From

Choke Manifold In

Drilling Mud
with little gas
back to Shaker
Tank

13 November 2020
 4” Line from Choke

8” Gas Vent Line

Mud Gas
Separator 12” Line

12” Line
Mud Level

Minimum
Mud Level Height 0.4 m
1.5 m

13 November 2020
 SWACO
Vacuum
De-Gasser
13 November 2020
 API RP 53
Control Systems
Pressure Requirements

Annular Preventers
• Normal operation 500 - 1500 psi
Ram Preventers
• Normal operation – 1500 psi
• Rated operating pressure 1500
– 3000 psi
• BonneShearing 2800 psi
• 10k psi WP BOP with high well
pressure > 1500 psi
• Hydraulic Valves 1500 psi

13 November 2020
 API RP 53
Control Systems

13 November 2020
13 November 2020
13 November 2020
 Operating Pressures &
Opening Ratio of Rams
Opening Pressure
acts here on the
operating piston

Operating Pressures & Ratios

Example: Ram
Find the pressure required to close a Hydril 18 ¾”,
10, 000 psi ram BOP with a opening ratio of 6 at its rated
Working pressure
Wellbore
Pressure Required to OPEN = Rated Working Pressure = 10000 psi Pressure
OPENING Ratio 6
Acts here
= 1,667 psi

The area of the operating piston is always

greater than the CSA of the ram shaft. The
closing force is the manifold pressure
multiplied by the piston area. Ram operating
piston Ram shaft

13 November 2020
 Rig Floor Equipment

13 November 2020
13 November 2020