Physics Experiment: Self Inductance and Mutual Inductance

Apparatus required:
1.Bobbin: 3 no. To wind copper wire for making coil
2. Coated copper wire: 80 m to make coil
3. AC to DC adapter with 12 V DC output.
4. Volt Meter: To measure induced EMF
5. Iron Core : To induce stronger magnetic flux
6. Wooden Frame: to hang Iron Core.
7. 12 V AC bulb: to indicate current flow.
8. Resistor 15 Ohm : To balance current flow through branches.
9. Switch.
10: Sand Paper: To strip off coating from the wire.

Procedure:
1. Make 3 no of coils of 450 turns, 200 turns an 100 turns on the bobbins.
2. Strip off the coating from the end of the coil from with the help of sand paper.
3. Connect the two ends of the AC to DC adapter to the terminals via switch using
joinder.
4. Place the iron core on the hanger.

Self Inductance:

5. Insert the Core through 450 turns coil and place the combination on the hanger.
6. Joint a 12 V AC bulb an the coil in series and connect it to power source terminals
7. Make a series of 12 V AC bulb and 15 Ohm resistor in series and connect to the
power source terminal.
8. Turn the switch on and observe the glowing of the bulb.
9. Observe the bulb in series with the coil glows later and the other bulb glows earlier.
Conclusion:

The coil delay the current through it for few moments initially and the allows it to
flow which in turn delay the glowing the blub in series with it. Where as the current
through the other bulb is not delayed and hence glows instantly as soon as the
switch is turned on.

The change in current momentarily through the coil causes changes in magnetic flux
which in turn induces current through the coil but in opposite directions. This is also
referred as back EMF. As soon as the flux become steady, the induction of opposite
current also stops.

Mutual inductance:

5. Place the 450 turns coils on the core and connect both ends to the power
terminals.
6. Place the 200 turn coils beside it and connect both ends of it to the terminals of
galvanometer.
7. Turn the switch on and off and observe the deflection in the galvanometer.
8. Take the reading with placing the second coil with different distance.
9. Repeat it with other coil of 100 turns and note the reading.
Table:

Sl No of turns of Distance in Galvanomete

no. secondary coil cm r reading
1 200 2 15
2 200 6 9
3 200 12 5
4 100 2 8
5 100 6 5
6 100 12 3

Conclusion:

The change in current causes change in flux which in turns induces current in the secondary
coil. The momentary induction of current in the secondary coil can be observed by the
deflection in the galvanometer. The current is induces both during switch on and switch of
as the current an flux changes from low to high and high to low respectively. The distance
and core, like other parameter, have its effect on the strength of induction.