CABUAY, JUVI ANNE M

BSOA1-A

LEARNING ACTIVITY 3

TERMS SIGNIFICANCE

1. Alhagi maurorum It is used as a medicinal herb for its

gastroprotective, diaphoretic,
diuretic, expectorant, laxative,
antidiarrhoeal and antiseptic
properties, and in the treatment of
rheumatism and hemorrhoids. The
plant is mentioned in the Qur'an as
a source of sweet Manna. It has
also been used as a sweetener.

2. Cinchona succirubra Pav. Ex Klotzsch
The bark of the cinchona tree, also
known as Peruvian bark, was the
original source of the alkaloid
quinine, one of the primary
treatments of malaria worldwide. Its
use for malarial fevers was
discovered by native Peurvians and
knowledge of its use was spread
through Jesuit missionaries.

Commiphora mukul, a related

3. Commiphora myrrha species, is not a source of myrrh.
Myrrh is used to make medicine.
Myrrh is used for indigestion, ulcers,
colds, cough, asthma, lung
congestion, arthritis pain, cancer,
leprosy, spasms, and syphilis. It is
also used as a stimulant and to
increase menstrual flow.

The dried cones and young

4. Cupressus sempervirens
5. Digitalis purpurea
6. Ligusticum scoticum
branches are used as anti-
anthelmintic,antipyretic,
antirheumatic, antiseptic, astringent,
balsamic, vasoconstrictive and
antifungal. They are taken internally
for the treatment of whooping
cough, the spitting up of blood,
spasmodic coughs, colds, flu and
sore throats.
Digitalis is used to treat congestive
heart failure (CHF) and heart
rhythm problems (atrial
arrhythmias). Digitalis can increase
blood flow throughout your body
and reduce swelling in your hands
and ankles.

The root is aromatic and

carminative. It is used in the
treatment of hysterical and uterine
disorders. The seeds are sweetly
aromatic and have been used as a
carminative, deodorant and
stimulant. They are also sometimes
used for flavouring other herbal
7. Papaver somniferum Morphine is the most abundant
opiate found in Papaver
somniferum (the opium poppy). It
has a role as an opioid
analgesic, a mu-opioid receptor
agonist, a plant metabolite, an
environmental contaminant, a
xenobiotic, a vasodilator agent, an
anaesthetic, a drug allergen and a
geroprotector.

It has been used for over 100

8. Pilocarpus years for the treatment of chronic
open-angle glaucoma and acute
angle-closure glaucoma. It is also
used as an antidote for
scopolamine, atropine, and
hyoscyamine poisoning, in
ophthalmology to reduce pupil
size, and to treat dry mouth
(xerostomia).

Salix plants have been used

9. Salix medicinally since antiquity and
have been linked to the discovery
of acetylsalicylic acid and aspirin.
These plants had been
traditionally used to treat painful
musculoskeletal joint pain
conditions, inflammation, and
fever.

10. Salvia apiana Salvia apiana (white sage,

Lamiaceae family) plant is native
to southern California and parts of
Mexico. Apiana to be sacred and
burn the leaves as incense for
purification ceremonies. The plant
has been used to treat sore
throats, coughs, chest colds,
upper respiratory infections and
poison oak rashes.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 5

Reflection

1. Why is biodiversity important to people (e.g. in terms of health, agriculture, etc.)?

Biodiversity plays a crucial role in human nutrition through its influence on world food
production, as it ensures the sustainable productivity of soils and provides the genetic
resources for all crops, livestock, and marine species harvested for food.
2. How is biodiversity connected to the economy?
Food production relies on biodiversity for a variety of food plants, pollination, pest control,
nutrient provision, genetic diversity, and disease prevention and control. Decreased
biodiversity can lead to increased transmission of diseases to humans and increased
healthcare costs.
3. How would the utilitarian and inherent value of biodiversity benefit the society as a
whole?
Utilitarian values include the many basic needs humans obtain from biodiversity such as food,
fuel, shelter, and medicine. Further, ecosystems provide crucial services such as pollination,
seed dispersal, climate regulation, water purification, nutrient cycling, and control of
agricultural pests.