Republic of the Philippines

CATANDUANES STATE UNIVERSITY

Virac, Catanduanes

College of ARTS AND SCIENCES

Natural Science Department
FINAL EXAMINATION
Evolutionary Biology Laboratory
2nd Semester, SY 2021-2022

Name:Elyciel Fernandez Course/Year: BS BIOLOGY 2A Score: ____________

Student No:2020-06324 Class Schedule: _______________ Date: _____________

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Read the statements or questions carefully. Choose the best answer then write
the letter of your choice on the space provided before each number.

___C___1. Which of the following invertebrate animals are sessile animals that lack true tissues? They live
as suspension feeders, trapping particles that pass through the internal channels of their body
a. Cnidaria c. Porifera
b. Cordata d. Rotifera
___B___2. Most invertebrates have one of four main types of these skeletal structures, EXCEPT
a. Skeleton made of chitin
b. Skeleton made of a calcium-carbonate shell
c. Skeleton made of calcium, silica, and inorganic fibers
d. Skeleton of interlocked calcium-carbonate plates and spines
____A__3.Which of the following consider as the largest group of invertebrates?
a. Arthropods c. Echinoderms
b. Chordates d. Rotifers
____C__4. Which of the following group of invertebrates that live on land or in water and they were
among the first inhabitants of the Earth?
a. Arachnids c. Insects
b. Crustaceans d. Mollusks
____C__5. The ancestors of octopuses and squids were probably ________ that took up a predatory lifestyle.
a. echinoderms c. shelled molluscs
b. jellyfish d. sponges
____A__6. Shelled cephalopods called __________, some of them as large as truck tires, were the dominant
invertebrate predators of the seas for hundreds of millions of years until their disappearance during the
mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period, 65.5 million years ago
a. ammonites c. oligochaetes
b. chelicerates d. polychaetes
____C__7. In earliest vertebrates (Ostracoderms) was present armour of large bony plates which in
placoderms became smaller and gave rise to ________________ .
a. cosmoid scales c. laptoid scale
b. ganoid scales d. placoid scales
____B__8. Cosmoid scales by losing its lower three layers, only 4th enamel like dentine was retained and gave
rise to _________________ .
a. cosmoid scales c. laptoid scales
b. ganoid scales d. placoid scales
___B___9. Claws of a vertebrate made their appearance first in the ____________ .
a. amphibians c. mammals
b. birds d. reptiles
___D___10. Which of the following is not a type of Arthropod?
a. Insects c. Crustaceans
b. Arachnids d. Echinoderms
 Republic of the Philippines
CATANDUANES STATE UNIVERSITY
Virac, Catanduanes

___D___11. Which of the following are the characteristics of family amphibian?

a. Cold-blooded c. they have muscular tongue
b. Skin contains many mucous glands d. all of these

___B___12. Which of the following is not the characteristics of mammals?

a. Hair & fur c. bilateral symmetry
b. warm blooded d. mammary glands

___C___13. By what process will starfish regrow an arm torn off by a predator?
a. Reconstructive meiosis c. regeneration
b. Tissue regenesis d. mitotic restoration

____A__14. What phylum does family Reptilia belong?

a. Chordata c. Annelida
b. Mollusca d. None of these

___B___15. What does the term echinoderm mean?

a. tube feet c. star-shaped
b. spiny skin d. stomach foot

II. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE: Read the following statement carefully. Write TRUE if the statement is
true or correct, and if FALSE, CHANGE the underline word to make the sentence or statement correct.
TRUE 16. Soft-bodied animals called mollusks are the second largest group of invertebrates.

TRUE 17. All arthropods have a segmented exoskeleton and jointed appendages.

TRUE 18. Insects have a distinct head, thorax and abdomen with legs only on the thorax portion of
the body.

TRUE 19. Grasshoppers are typical examples of true insects. Their body is divided into a head,
thorax and an abdomen.

TRUE 20. The thorax of an insect bears three pairs of walking legs with the hindmost pair modified
for jumping.

21. The tympanal of an insect contains a tympanum, an organ of hearing, on its first segment.

TRUE 22. The bees that actually collect pollen for the hive are sterile female workers.

TRUE 23. The mosquito, like all insects, has six legs, external articulating mouthparts, and three
distinct body regions called tagma: the head, the thorax, and the abdomen.

TRUE 24. The mosquito has four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The entire process of
growth is known as complete metamorphosis.

TRUE 25. Some mosquito species can develop eggs without a blood meal by using proteins and
hormones accumulated during the larval stage.

TRUE 26. Larvae, commonly known as wrigglers, hatch from eggs and live just under the surface of
the water.
 Republic of the Philippines
CATANDUANES STATE UNIVERSITY
Virac, Catanduanes

27-35. Adult mosquitoes can feed and reproduce for several weeks before dying. During this time,
female mosquitoes feed on both blood and sugars. Male mosquitoes feed exclusively on nectar.
Draw, label and describe the sequence of event of the life cycle of mosquitoes. (9pts).

III. Answer and apply your understanding on the following given tasks. a.

36-43. (8 points).

a. How do birds resemble reptiles?

Like all other reptiles, birds have scales (feathers are produced by tissues similar to those
that produce scales, and birds have scales on their feet). Also, birds lay eggs like other
reptiles.

b. How do birds resemble mammals?

Both birds and mammals are vertebrates, which means that they have backbones.
Endothermic (warm-blooded): both birds and mammals are endothermic (warm-blooded).
This means that they are able to regulate their own body temperatures, and maintain a
constant body temperature.

c. How do some mammals resemble reptiles?

Both mammals and reptiles have a sophisticated nervous system. Both mammals and reptiles
have bilateral symmetry. Both mammals and reptiles are tetrapods, having four limbs. Both
mammals and reptiles breathe through lungs.

d. How do organ systems of aquatic vertebrates differ from those of land vertebrates?

Vertebrates have a skeletal structure with a spinal column or backbone. Invertebrates have no
backbone, while vertebrates have a well-developed internal skeleton of cartilage and bone and a highly
developed brain that is enclosed by a skull.

b. 44-51 (8 points). List at least two characteristics of each of any four (4) groups of arthropods that
would allow you to distinguish them from each other. Then list two ways that they are all similar.
 Republic of the Philippines
CATANDUANES STATE UNIVERSITY
Virac, Catanduanes

Two characteristics:

 jointed appendages
 specialized appendages.

Some arthropods have modified appendages that have functions such as feeding, sensing the environment,
walking, swimming, defending against predators, and capturing prey. Jointed appendages allowed arthropods
to have much greater flexibility and range of movement.

c. 52-60 (9 points). Give and describe three (3) ways that the honeybee is adapted to collecting
pollen and nectar? How has the plant adapted to being pollinated by bees?

Three ways that the honeybee is adapted to collecting pollen and nektar, Plants have evolved many
intricate methods for attracting pollinators. These methods include visual cues, scent, food, mimicry, and
entrapment.Many bee species are solitary (each female produces offspring in her own nest) with only one
generation of bees produced per year. However, other species nest communally (several females share a
nest) or have elaborate social structures with division of labor within the colony (usually with a single
queen and many workers). These kinds of bees produce multiple generations per year. This means that
bees that produce multiple generations each year need food resources (pollen and nectar) across most of
the growing season to produce strong colonies. Providing plants in a landscape with overlapping bloom
periods will help these bees survive and prosper.

The bees climb onto or into the flower and suck up the nectar with their straw-like mouth and collect it in a
little sac called a crop. They also collect pollen on their legs. As they move from flower to flower, they leave
a little bit of that pollen on each new flower they visit.

GOOD LUCK 

Prepared by:

KARMELA I. DEL ROSARIO CHINNE B CHING

Instructor I Instructor I

NOTED:

ESTRELLA T. TRIBIANA, MST

Chair, Natural Science Dept.