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Gävle goat
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Coordinates: 60.6728°N 17.1465°E

Main page The Gävle Goat (Swedish: Gävlebocken, Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjɛ̌ːvlɛbɔkːɛn]) is a traditional Christmas display erected
Contents annually at Slottstorget (Castle Square) in central Gävle, Sweden. It is a giant version of a traditional Swedish Yule Goat
Current events figure made of straw. It is erected each year by local community groups at the beginning of Advent over a period of two
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days.[1][2] It has been the subject of repeated arson attacks, and, despite security measures and a nearby fire station, the
About Wikipedia
goat has been burned to the ground most years since its first appearance in 1966. As of December 2021, 38 out of 56
Contact us
Donate goats have been destroyed or damaged in some way. Burning or destroying the goat in some way is illegal, and the Svea
Court of Appeal has stated that the offence should normally carry a 3-month prison sentence; in 2018, it sentenced a 27-
Contribute year-old man to a suspended sentence and day fines for aggravated property damage for burning the goat.[3]
Help
Since 1986, two Yule Goats have been built in Gävle: the Gävle Goat by the Southern Merchants and the Yule Goat built
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Community portal by the Natural Science Club of the School of Vasa.
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Contents [hide]
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1 History
Tools 2 Natural Science Club's Yule Goat Gävle goat (2009)
What links here 3 Timeline
Related changes 3.1 1966–1969
Special pages
3.2 1970–1979
Permanent link
3.3 1980–1989
Page information
Cite this page 3.4 1990–1999
Wikidata item 3.5 2000–2009
3.6 2010–2019
Print/export
3.7 2020–2029
Download as PDF
4 See also
Printable version
5 References
In other projects 6 External links
Wikimedia Commons

Languages History [ edit ]

Deutsch
The Gävle Goat is erected every year on the first day of Advent, which according to Western Christian tradition is in late
Español
November or early December, depending on the calendar year. In 1966, an advertising consultant, Stig Gavlén (1927–
Français
Nederlands 2018),[4] came up with the idea of making a giant version of the traditional Swedish Yule Goat and placing it in the
⽇本語 square.[5] The design of the first goat was assigned to the then chief of the Gävle fire department, Gavlén's brother Jörgen
Português Gavlén. The construction of the goat was carried out by the fire department, and they erected the goat each year from
Русский 1966 to 1970 and from 1986 to 2002. The first goat was financed by Harry Ström. On 1 December 1966, a 13-metre
Svenska
(43 ft) tall, 7-metre (23 ft) long, 3-tonne goat was erected in the square. On New Year's Eve, the goat was burnt down,[6][7]
中文
and the perpetrator was found and convicted of vandalism. The goat was insured, and Ström got all of his money
12 more back.[7][8][9]

Edit links A group of businessmen known as the Southern Merchants (Söders Köpmän) financed the building of the goat in
The Gävle goat after being burned down during a subsequent years. In 1971, the Southern Merchants stopped building the goats. The Natural Science Club
blizzard in 1998 (Naturvetenskapliga Föreningen) of the School of Vasa (Vasaskolan) began building the structure. Their goat was around
2 metres (6.6 ft). Due to the positive reaction their Yule Goat received that year, they built another one the following year
and from then on.[10] The Southern Merchants began building their own goats again in 1986.[7]

The cost for the 1966 goat was SEK 10,000.[11] The price tag for constructing the goat in 2005 was around 100,000 Swedish kronor. The city pays one-third of the cost while
the Southern Merchants pay the remaining sum. Since 2003 the construction of the goat has been undertaken by a group of unemployed people known as ALU workers.

The display has become notable for being a recurring target for vandalism by arson, and has been destroyed many times
since the first goat was erected in 1966.[12] Because the fire station is close to the location of the goat, most of the time
the fire can be extinguished before the wooden skeleton is severely damaged. If the goat is burned down before 13
December, the feast day of Saint Lucia, the goat is rebuilt. The skeleton is then treated and repaired, and the goat
reconstructed over it, using straw which the Goat Committee has pre-ordered.[11] As of 2005, [needs update] four people
have been caught or convicted for vandalizing the goat.[13] In 2001, the goat was burned down by a 51-year-old visitor
from Cleveland, Ohio in the United States, who spent 18 days in jail and was subsequently convicted and ordered to pay
100,000 Swedish kronor in damages. The court confiscated his cigarette lighter with the argument that he clearly was not
able to handle it. He stated in court that he was no "goat burner", and believed that he was taking part in a completely
legal goat-burning tradition. After he was released from jail he returned to the US without paying his fine.[8][14][15][16][17]

In 1996, the Southern Merchants introduced camera surveillance to monitor the goat 24 hours a day. On 27 November
2004 the Gävle Goat's homepage was hacked, and one of the two official webcams changed.[18] One year, while security
The Gävle goat in December 2009
guards were posted around the goat in order to prevent further vandalism, the temperature dropped far below zero. As the
guards ducked into a nearby restaurant to escape the cold, the vandals struck.[14]

During the weekend of 3–4 December 2005, a series of attacks on public Yule Goats across Sweden were carried out; the Gävle Goat was burnt on 3 December. The Visby
goat on Gotland burned down, the Yule Goat in Söderköping, Östergötland was torched, and there was an attack on a goat located in Lycksele, Västerbotten.[19][20]

The Christmas season of 2006 marked the 40th anniversary of the Gävle Goat, and, on Sunday 3 December, the city held a large celebration in honor of the goat. The Goat
Committee fireproofed the goat with "Fiber ProTector Fireproof", a fireproofing substance that is used in airplanes. In earlier years when the goat had been fireproofed, the dew
had made the liquid drip off the goat. To prevent this from happening in 2006, "Fireproof ProTechtor Solvent Base" was applied to the goat.[8][21][22][23] Despite their efforts, the
goat has been damaged or destroyed a total of 38 times. On 27 November 2016 an arsonist equipped with petrol burned it down just hours after its inauguration.[24][25] After a
few flame-free years under 24-hour security, the goat was again burned on 17 December 2021.[26]

Natural Science Club's Yule Goat [ edit ]

Since 1986 there have been two Yule Goats built in Gävle: the Gävle Goat by the Southern Merchants and the
Yule Goat built by the Natural Science Club of the School of Vasa. Until 1985 the Southern Merchants held the
world record for the largest Yule Goat, but over the years the Natural Science Club's goat increased in size,
and in 1985 their Yule Goat made it into the Guinness Book of Records with an official height of 12.5 metres
(41 ft). The creator of the original 1966 goat, Stig Gavlén, thought that the Natural Science Club's goat had
unfairly won the title of the largest Yule Goat because the goat was not as attractive as the Southern
Merchants' goat and the neck was excessively long. The next year there was a Goat war: the Southern
Merchants understood the publicity value, and erected a huge goat, the Natural Science Club erected a
smaller one in protest. The Southern Merchants had intended that their huge goat would reclaim the world
record, but the measurement of the goat showed it fell short. Over the following seven years there were no
The burned Natural Science Club Goat in 2006, with the larger further attempts on the world record, but there was some hostility between the Natural Science Club and the
Gävle goat visible in the distance
Southern Merchants, evidenced by the fact that the Natural Science Club put up a sign near their goat wishing
a Merry Christmas to everyone, except the Southern Merchants.[10]

In 1993 the Southern Merchants again announced that they were going to attempt the world record. The goat stood 10.5 metres (34 ft) when completed. The Natural Science
Club's Yule Goat that year measured 14.9 metres (49 ft), which earned them another place in the Guinness Book of Records.[10]

Timeline [ edit ]

1966–1969 [ edit ]

Date of Method of
Year Security additions Notes
destruction destruction

1966 31 December[7] Fire

1967 Survived[7]

1968 Fence added.[7] Survived[7]

Inside of goat protected

1969 [7] 31 December[7] Fire
by chicken-wire netting.

1970–1979 [ edit ]

Date of Method of
Year Security additions Notes
destruction destruction

Six hours after The goat's destruction was blamed on two drunk teenagers. With help from several financial
1970 Fire
construction[7] contributors, the goat was reassembled out of lake reed.

The Southern Merchants became tired of their goats being burned down, and stopped
Smashed to
1971 ? constructing them. The Natural Science Club from the School of Vasa took over and built a
pieces[27]
miniature goat.[28]

1972 ? Collapsed[7]

The goat was stolen by a man, who then placed it in his backyard. He was later sentenced to
1973 ? Stolen[29][30]
two years in prison for aggravated theft.[30]

1974 ? Fire[7]

1975 ? Collapsed[31] The goat collapsed under its own weight.[31]

1976 ? Hit by a car[15][32] A student rammed the hind legs of the goat with a Volvo Amazon, collapsing the structure.[7]

1977 ? Fire

Kicked to
1978 ?
pieces[7]

After the first goat was

Prior to [7] The goat was burned down before construction even finished.[7] A second goat was
1979 burned, a second was Fire / Broken
assembly[7] constructed and finished, but was later destroyed and broken into pieces.[28]
fireproofed.

1980–1989 [ edit ]

Date of Method of
Year Security additions Notes
destruction destruction

1980 24 December[7] Fire[7]

1981 Survived[7]

1982 13 December[7] Fire[7]

1983 ? Legs destroyed[7]

1984 12 December[7] Fire[7]

Enclosed by a 2 metres
(6.6 ft) high metal fence,
The 12.5-metre (41 ft) tall goat of the Natural Science Club was featured in the Guinness
1985 guarded by Securitas and January[7] Fire[7]
Book of Records for the first time.[7][8]
soldiers from the Gävle I
14 Infantry Regiment.

The Southern Merchants built their first goat since 1971, and it was burned. From 1986
1986 23 December[7] Fire[7] onwards two goats were built each year, one by the Southern Merchants' and one by the
School of Vasa.[7]

1987 Heavily fireproofed.[27] ? Fire[27]

Gamblers were for the first time able to gamble on the fate of the goat with English
1988 Survived[7]
bookmakers.[28]

Financial contributions from the public were raised to rebuild a goat, and the second goat was
Prior to assembly
1989 Fire / Fire burnt down in January. In March 1990 another goat was built, this time for the shooting of a
/ January[7]
Swedish motion picture called Black Jack.[7]

1990–1999 [ edit ]

Date of Method of
Year Security additions Notes
destruction destruction

The goat was guarded by

1990 [7] Survived[7]
many volunteers.

The goat was joined by an advertising sled, that turned out to be illegally built. It was later
1991 24 December[7] Fire rebuilt to be taken to Stockholm as a part of a protest campaign against the closing of the I
14 Infantry Regiment.[7][8]

After 8 days, and Both the Natural Science Club and Southern Merchants' goats burned down on the same
1992 again on 20 Fire / Fire night. The latter was rebuilt, and burned down on 20 December. The perpetrator of the three
December[7] attacks was caught and sent to jail. The Goat Committee was founded in 1992.[7][8]

Guarded by
Once more the goat was featured in the Guinness Book of Records, the School of Vasa's
1993 taxis [clarification needed] and Survived
goat measured 14.9 metres (49 ft).[7][8]
the Swedish Home Guard

The goat followed the Swedish national hockey team to Italy for the World Championship in
1994 Survived
hockey.[7][8]

A Norwegian was arrested for attempting to burn down the goat. It was rebuilt for the 550th
1995 25 December Fire
anniversary of Gävleborg County.[7][8]

1996 Monitored by webcams.[7] Survived

Damaged by fireworks. The Natural Science Club's goat was attacked too, but survived with
1997 Survived with damage
minor damage.[15]

1998 11 December Fire Burned down during a major blizzard, and was rebuilt.[7]

The Southern Merchants' goat was rebuilt again before Lucia. The Natural Science Club's
1999 Within hours Fire
goat was also burnt down.[7]

2000–2009 [ edit ]

Date of Method of
Year Security additions Notes
destruction destruction

In addition to the Southern Merchants' goat being burned, the Natural Science Club's goat was
2000 Late December Fire
thrown into the Gävle river.[7]

A visitor from Cleveland, Ohio in the United States, was arrested for burning the goat. The
2001 23 December Fire
Natural Science Club's goat was also burnt down.[14][8][15][16][17]

On Lucia, the goat was

guarded by Swedish A 22-year-old from Stockholm tried to set the Southern Merchants' goat on fire, but failed, the
2002 Survived with damage
radio and TV personality goat receiving only minor damage.
Gert Fylking.[33]

A second goat was put up a week after the first one burned down. The second goat survived
2003 11 December[7] Fire
without any known incidents.[7]

2004 21 December[7] Fire

Burnt by unknown vandals reportedly dressed as Santa and the gingerbread man, by shooting

[15]
a flaming arrow at the goat.[15][34] Reconstructed on 5 December. The hunt for the arsonist
2005 3 December Fire
responsible for the goat-burning in 2005 was featured on the weekly Swedish live broadcast
TV3's "Most Wanted" ("Efterlyst") on 8 December.

The Southern Merchants' goat survived New Year's Eve and was taken down on 2 January. It
2006 Survived
is now stored in a secret location.[35]

The Natural Science Club's goat was toppled on 13 December and was burned on the night of
2007 Survived
24 December.[36] The Southern Merchants' goat survived.

10,000 people turned out for the inauguration of one of the goats. No back-up goat was built to
replace the main goat should the worst happen, nor was the goat treated with flame repellent
(Anna Östman, spokesperson of the Goat-committee said the repellent made it look ugly in the
2008 27 December Fire previous years, like a brown terrier).[37] On 16 December the Natural Science Club's Goat was
vandalised and later removed. On 26 December there was an attempt to burn down the
Southern Merchants' Goat but passers-by managed to extinguish the fire. The following day
the goat finally succumbed to the flames ignited by an unknown assailant at 03:50 CET.

A person attempted to set the Southern Merchants' goat on fire the night of 7 December.[38] An
unsuccessful attempt was made to throw the Natural Science Club's goat into the river the
weekend of 11 December. The culprit then tried, again without success, to set the goat on
fire.[39] Someone stole the Natural Science Club's goat using a truck on the night of 14
2009 23 December Fire
December.[40] On the night of 23 December before 04:00 the South Merchant goat was set on
fire and was burned to the frame, even though it had a thick layer of snow on its back.[41] The
goat had two online webcams which were put out of service by a DoS attack, instigated by
computer hackers just before the burning.[42]

2010–2019 [ edit ]

Date of Method of
Year Security additions Notes
destruction destruction

On the night of 2 December, arsonists made an unsuccessful attempt to burn the Natural
Science Club's goat.[43] On 17 December, a Swedish news site reported that one of the
guards tasked with protecting the Southern Merchants' goat had been offered payment to
2010 Survived
leave his post so that the goat could be stolen via helicopter and transported to
Stockholm.[44] Both goats survived and were dismantled and returned to storage in early
January 2011.[45]

Sprayed with water to Mild weather resulted in the protective ice melting. The Natural Science Club Goat was also
2011 2 December[47] Fire
create a coating of ice.[46] burned.

2012 12 December[48][49] Fire

Soaked in flame-
2013 [50] 21 December[51] Fire
retardant.

2014 Survived At least three arson attempts were made.[52] The Natural Science Club goat was collapsed.

A 26-year-old man fleeing the scene with a singed face, smelling of gasoline, and holding a
lighter in his hand was arrested. Under questioning, he admitted to committing the offence,
2015 27 December[53] Fire adding that he was drunk at the time and that in retrospect, it was an "extremely bad
idea".[54] He was sentenced in January 2018 to probation by an appellate court with a 6,000
SEK fine and 80,000 SEK in damages. The Natural Science Club goat was also burned.

Destroyed by an arsonist equipped with petrol on its inauguration day,[25] just hours after its
50th "birthday party".[55] Organizers said they would not rebuild the goat this year.[24] The 21-
year-old was sentenced to probation by Gävle Tingsrätt and was sentenced to a fine and to
2016 27 November[24] Fire pay roughly 100,000 SEK in damages. The evidence mainly revolved around a hat that the
perpetrator dropped during his escape. The police later DNA-matched it with the 21-year-old
local. It was replaced by the smaller Natural Science Club goat[56] built by local high school
students.[57] This goat was later hit by a car.[57]

Double fence, cameras, The goat was inaugurated on 3 December. No reported attempts to burn the goat were
2017 Survived
guards[58] made.[59]
The goat was inaugurated on 2 December.[60] An attempted burning of the Natural Science
Fencing, cameras,
Club's goat occurred on the night of 15 December, resulting in minor damage to its left front
guards, taxi rank to
2018 Survived leg.[61] The Gävlebocken Twitter account recorded two incidents: an unspecified 'harassment'
increase numbers of
[60] on 7 December[62] and an intrusion into the goat's enclosure on 31 December, from someone
people nearby
claiming to need to use the toilet.[63]

Double fence, 24-hour The goat was again inaugurated on 1 December.[64] On 13 December fire crews responded
CCTV. Two guards patrol to a call that the 'little goat' was burning, only to discover it was in fact a miniature Yule goat
2019 around the goat Survived somebody had brought and torched at the scene.[65] The Natural Science Club goat was
frequently, 24 hours a burned but not destroyed in the early hours of 27 December.[66] A suspect was taken into
day, along with a K9 unit. custody.[67] This is the first time ever that the goat survived more than two years in a row.[68]

2020–2029 [ edit ]

Date of Method of
Year Security additions Notes
destruction destruction

[69] The goat was inaugurated on 29 November.[68] Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the
Guards, double fence,
inauguration was digital, and members of the public were advised not to gather around the
2020 24-hour CCTV, public Survived
[70] goat. There was no traditional celebration.[69] The goat was not harmed during the 2020
webcam feed.
holiday season, making 2020 the fourth consecutive year of the goat's survival.[70]

The Natural Science Club goat was burned in the early hours of 12 December.[71] During the
same weekend, a drunk person was caught trying to jump the fences around the larger
2021 17 December Fire
goat.[72] The larger goat burned in the early hours of 17 December.[73] A 40-year-old man was
arrested.[74]

See also [ edit ]

Baby Jesus theft

Garden gnome liberationists
Wicker man

References [ edit ]

1. ^ "Mer Jul i Gävle – Goat film" . Merjuligavle.se. Archived from the original on 28 38. ^ "Attacked last night!" . Archived from the original on 20 March 2012. Retrieved
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2. ^ "bocken" . Archived from the original on 20 March 2012. Retrieved 1 December 39. ^ "Little brother not well" . Archived from the original on 20 March 2012. Retrieved
2012. 8 February 2011.
3. ^ Engelro, Erik (4 January 2018). "Bockbrännare får höjt straff" – via www.svt.se. 40. ^ Gävlebocken [@Gavlebocken] (15 December 2009). "Last sign of little brother: He was
4. ^ "Gävlebockens pappa är död" . Archived from the original on 1 November 2018. conveyed by a truck! Someone saw you!" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
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26. ^ "Sweden's Gävle goat torched... again" . 17 December 2021. The Local Sweden. 2 December 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
27. ^ abc "Weird ritual of the burning goat" . BBC News. 4 December 2005. Archived 65. ^ "Eldade upp mini-bock på Slottstorget i Gävle – P4 Gävleborg" (in Swedish).
from the original on 30 June 2006. Retrieved 24 August 2006. Sveriges Radio. 13 December 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
28. ^ a b c "Santa torched the giant goat!" . Sploid. 4 December 2005. Archived from the 66. ^ "JUST NU: Lillbocken i Gävle i lågor: "Vittnen pekade ut personen som misstänks för
original on 17 November 2006. att tänt eld på" " (in Swedish). Gefle Dagblad. 27 December 2019. Retrieved
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30. ^ a b Gartéus, Madeleine (27 November 2016). "Gävlebockens liv och död" . gp.se (in Retrieved 27 December 2019.
Swedish). Retrieved 1 December 2021. 68. ^ a b "Gävlebocken invigs – så skyddas den" . Aftonbladet (in Swedish). Retrieved
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ISSN 1101-2447 . Retrieved 1 December 2021. 69. ^ a b "Gävlebocken: Julbocken i Gävle på plats – invigdes digitalt" . www.expressen.se
32. ^ BBC News (27 December 2008). "Festive goat up in flames again" . BBC News. (in Swedish). Retrieved 2 December 2020.
Archived from the original on 17 December 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2009. 70. ^ a b "Grattis Gävlebocken – överlevde för fjärde året i rad" . Aftonbladet (in Swedish).
33. ^ "The goat is burning-year after year" (in Swedish). Aftonbladet. 13 December 2003. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
Archived from the original on 17 May 2004. 71. ^ "Lilla Gävlebocken brann i natt: "Inga vittnen" " . www.expressen.se (in Swedish).
34. ^ "Christmas straw goat burnt in Sweden" . NBC News. 27 December 2008. Retrieved Retrieved 12 December 2021.
1 December 2009. 72. ^ "Gävlebocken on Twitter" . Twitter. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
35. ^ "The unburnable goat says thanks" (in Swedish). Arbetarbladet. 3 January 2007. 73. ^ "Gävlebocken on Twitter" . Twitter. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. 74. ^ "Gävlebocken i lågor – man gripen" . Expressen (in Swedish). Retrieved
36. ^ "Gävle Goat Blog" . Archived from the original on 16 April 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
14 December 2007.
37. ^ "Yule Goat of Gävle was inaugurated" (in Swedish). Svenska Dagbladet. 30
December 2008.

External links [ edit ]

Gävle goat webcam

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Gävle goat blog media related to Gävle goat.
Gävle goat history Archived 19 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine

Categories: Swedish culture Swedish folklore Gävle Christmas in Sweden Christmas characters Straw art Buildings and structures in Gävleborg County
Vandalized works of art in Sweden Arson in Sweden

This page was last edited on 11 April 2022, at 10:29 (UTC).

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