5.

6 ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT:

From the test results it is observed that the 3, 7 and 28 days split tensile strength of
external-self-cured concrete is greater than that for conventional cured concrete.

It is observed that the increase in split tensile strength of external self cured concrete is about
4.95% at the age of 3 days, 11.11% at the age of 7 days and 20.94% at the age of 28 days as
compare to conventional cured concrete.

TABLES

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF SELF CURED

CONCRETE:

compressive strength of OPC

3500 3300
3000
compressive strength

2500 2200
2000
1500 1200
1000
500
3 7 23
0
1 2 3
days

days Linear (days)

compressive strength

SPLITING TENSILE STRENGTH

OF SELF CURED CONCRETE:

TYPES OF CEMENT 3 DAYS 7 DAYS 28 DAYS

O.P.C. 2.32 3.74 3.43

EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 1
BLENDED CEMENT 2.3 3.76 3.36
5.7 COMPARISON BETWEEN THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONVENTIONAL
CURED CONCRETE AND EXTERNAL SELF CURED CONCRETE.

5.8 COMPARISON BETWEEN THE SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH OF

CONVENTIONAL CURED CONCRETE. AND EXTERNAL SELF CURED
CONCRETE:

CHARTS:

FIG#1:COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH OF CONVEN-
Compressive strength in Mpa

TIONAL CURED CONCRETE

120
100
80
60 P.P.C
40
O.P.C
20
0
3 7 28

FIG 2: SPLITTING TENSILE

STRENGTH OF CONVENTIONAL
CURED CONCRETE

12
10
trength inMpa

EFFECT OF CURING ON
8 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 2
P.P.C.
6
O.P.C.
4
 Split tens
0
3 7 28
Age in days

FIG 3:FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF

CONVENTIONAL CURED CONCRETE

14

12
flexural strength in Mpa

10

8 P.P.C
O.P.C
6

0
3 7 28
Age in days

FIG 4:COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF SELF

CURED CONCRETE

120
sive strength in Mpa

100

80
EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 3
P.P.C
60
O.P.C
40
 Comp
0
3 7 28
Age in days

FIG # 5:SPLITTING TENSILE STRENGTH

OF SELF CURED CONCRETE.

9 4
8 3.5
Split tensile strength in Mpa

7 3
6
2.5
5
2
4
1.5
3
2 1

1 0.5
0 0
3 7 28 O.P.C
Age in days P.P.C

FIG# 6:FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF SELF

CURED CONCRETE.

10
9
EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 4
8
th in Mpa

7
6
P.P.C
 4

Flexural str
3
2
1
0
3 7 28
Age in days

FIG 7:COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF

CONVENTIONAL AND SELF CURED
CONCRETE
Compressive strength in Mpa

100

80
SELF CURED
60
CONVEN-
40 TIONAL CURED

20

0
3 7 28
Age In DayS

FIG#.08: SPLITTING TENSILE STRENGTH

OF CONVENTIONAL AND SELF CURED
CONCRETE OF O.P.C

10
3.43
9
strength in Mpa

8
3.74
7 ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF
EFFECT OF CURING selfCONCRETE
cured 5
6 5.18
2.32 conventional cured
5
4 2.87
3 2.54
 1

Split ten
0
3 7 28
Age in days

FIG#.09: FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF

CONVENTIONAL AND SELF CURED
CONCRETE OF O.P.C.

12
4.26
Flexural strength in Mpa

10
3.3
8 3.17 self cured
5.77
6 4.57 conventional
3.71 cured
4

0
3 7 28
Age in days

FIG 10:COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF

CONVENTIONAL AND SELF CURED
CONCRETE OF BLENDED CEMENT

120
ressive strength in Mpa

100

80
self cured
EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 6
60
conventional
cured
40
 C
0
3 7 28
Age in days

FIG 11:SPLITTING TENSILE STRENGTH

OF CONVENTIONAL AND SELF CURED
CONCRETE OF BLENDED CEMENT

10
9
Split tensile strength in

8
7
self cured
6
Mpa

5
conventional
4
cured
3
2
1
0
3 7 28
Age in days

EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 7

 FIG#.12:FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF
CONVENTIONAL AND SELF CURED
CONCRETE OF BLENDED CEMENT

12 4.83
Flexural strength in Mpa

10
3.4
8 3.12 self cured
5.92
6 conventional
4.36
4 3.37 cured

2
0
3 7 28
Age in days

DESIGN CONCRETE MIX

(As per IS: 10262-2009)

DESIGN BY IS 10262-2009 METHOD

Design stipulations:

 Characteristic compressive strength required in the field at 28 days 25N/mm2

 Maximum size of aggregates 20mm
 Degree of quality control Good
 Type of exposure Mild

Test data for materials

Cement used : Ordinary Portland cement

Grade of cement : 53 grade
Specific gravity of cement : 2.85
Specific gravity of fine aggregate : 2.50
Specific gravity of coarse aggregate : 2.60
Slump value : 95mm
Maximum size of aggregate : 20mm
Fine aggregate falls into : Zone-II or Class “B”

EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 8

7, 6 TARGET MEAN STRENGTH OF CONCRETE:

fck1 = fck + (1.65 x S)

= 25 + (1.65 x 4.0)
= 31.60 N/mm2.

fck1 = Target average compressive strength at 28 days,

Fck= Characteristic compressive strength at 28 days,

s = Standard deviation

From table no.01 of IS10262-2009, S=4 N/mm2

7.7 SELECTION OF WATER CEMENT RATIO:

From table no. of IS456-2000 maximum, W/C ratio =0.55

(For mild exposure condition)

7.8 SELECTION OF WATER CONTENT:

From table-2 of IS10262-2009 for 20mm
nominal maximum-size aggregate & fine-aggregate conforming to grading zone-2 and for 25-
50mm slump range maximum water content per cubic meter of concrete =186 kg.

Estimated water content for 90mm slump = 186 + (6/100) x 186

= 197 Kg/m3

7.9 CALCULATION OF CEMENT CONTENT:

W/C ratio = 0.55

Cement content = 197/0.55

. = 358.18 Kg/m3

From table no.05 of IS456-2000 minimum cement for mild exposure condition
= 300Kg/m3

Therefore 358.183 Kg/m3 >300Kg/m3

Hence ok.

EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 9

7.10 PROPORTIONS OF VOLUME OF COARSE-AGGREGATE AND FINE-AGGREGATE
CONTENT:

From table 3, volume of coarse-aggregate corresponding to 20 mm size aggregate and fine

aggregate zone2, for W/C ratio of 0.50=0.62

Here, W/C ratio = 0.55, therefore W/C ratio is increased by 0.05 correspondingly the volume
of coarse-aggregate is lower by 0.01

Therefore, the volume of coarse-aggregate = 0.61

Volume of Fine-aggregate = 1-0.61=0.39

7.11 MIX CALCULATION:

The mix calculation per unit volume of

Concrete shall be as follows.

a) Volume of concrete = 1 m3
P.T.O

b) Volume of cement= mass / (specific gravity x 1000)

= 358.18 / (2.85 x 1000)
= 0.126 m3

c) Volume of water = mass / (specific gravity x 1000)

= 197 / (1 x 1000)
= 0.197 m3

Volume of aggregate = 1 - 0.126 - 0.197

= 0.677 m3

d) Mass of coarse aggregate = volume of aggregate x proportion of aggregate x specific

gravity (sp.gr) of aggregate x 1000
Now
= 0.677 x 0.61 x 2.60 x 1000
= 1073.72 Kg

EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 1

0
 e) Mass of fine aggregate = volume of aggregate x proportion of aggregate x specific
gravity of aggregate x 1000,
= 0.677 x 0.39 x 2.50 x 1000
= 660.08 Kg

7.12 MIX PROPORTION FOR 1M3 CONCRETE:

W/C ratio Water Cement Fine aggregate Coarse

In liter In Kg In Kg aggregate in Kg

0.55 197 358.18 660.08 1073.72

1 1.84 3.00

EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 1

1
 CHAPTER 08
CONCLUSION AND REFERENCES

8.1 CONCLUSION:
The conclusions are based on the end result accumulated after the whole process of
methodologies and questionnaires completed. These are as under:

 Water curing of high–strength concrete is highly recommended, because in such

circumstances the heat of hydration is more and sufficient water is needed for
hydration process and the absence will result in cracks development and finally the
require strength will be much less than that mentioned.
 Group B give compressive-strength greater than specimens or samples moist cured
for 7 days in water then followed by air – drying (Group A).
 The rate of increase in strength is (5 and12%) for mix No.3 and 6% for mix No.4, as
compared with 3% for mix No.1 and (2 and4%) for mix No.2
 The rates of increase in compressive-strength for mix No.1 at 7,28 and 90 days are
20,15 and 14%, for mixes No.2 and 3 and the rates of increase are 7,11 & 5% &
13,12 & 5% respectively, while mix No-4. Shows an increase of 4 and 10% in
Compressive-strength at 7 and 28 days where there is a reduction in the strength at 90
days by about 2%.
 The volume of specimen or samples decreases, the effect of temperature curing on
compressive-strength increases, and the rate of increase in compressive-strength
increases.
 The curing temperature increases, the compressive strength increases at different
ratios which is below.
(0.5, 0.38, 0.3 and 0.27).

EFFECT OF CURING ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE 1

2
8.2 REFERENCES:

 ACI Committee 363 “State –of- the art report on high strength-concrete”,
 ACI Manual of Practice, Part 1,1990, pp.363 R-1-
 Carrasquillo, R.L., Nilson, A.H., and Slate, F.O., “Properties of
High-strength-concrete Subject to Short- Term Loads”, ACI Journal, proceeding,
Vol.78, No.5, May-June 1981, pp. 171- 178.
 Iraqi Building Code Requirement for R.C., Code 1,1987, Building Research Center,
pp. 7 4. Neville A.M., “Properties of concrete”, Final Edition, Wiley, New York, and
Longman, London, 2000, pp.844
 Aitcin, P.C., and Riad, N., “Curing Temperature and Very -High-Strength Concrete”,
Concrete International, Vol.10, No.10, October1988, pp.69-72.
 Klieger, P.H., “Effect of Mixing and Curing on Concrete Strength”, ACI Journal,
Proceeding, Vol.54, No.12, June 1958, pp. 1063-1081.
 Eliverly, R.H. and Evans, E.P., “The effect of Curing-condition on Physical Properties
of Concrete”, Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol.16, No.46, March 1964, pp.11-20.
 Hester, W, T., “Field-Testing High-Strength Concerts: A Critical Review & view of
the State of- the-Art”, Concrete-International, Vol-2, No-12, December 1980, pp.270-
272.
 Cebeci, O.Z., “Strength of Concrete in Warm and Dry Environment”, Materials and
Structures, Vol.20, 1987, pp.270-222.
 Selman, M.H., “Effect of Hot Weather on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete
Produced using local Furnace Slag”, M.Sc. Thesis, Al-Mustansiriyah University,
Baghdad, Iraq, May 2001.pp.29, 43.
 Konstantin ,K,Isaak,S , Shin ,I , and Aron,B"Influence of Mixture Proportions and
Curing conditions on compressive strength of High –performance concrete "ACI
Materials Journal, Vol.97, No.1, January 2000, pp.25
 Al-Hassani, A., Ramadani, K.E., and XUE, H.Y., “Properties of H.S.C. at Different-
Ages, The 6th international conference of Concrete Technology for Developing
countries, Amman-Jordan, October 2002.pp. 21-24.
 Hawra, S.H., “The relationship between different size of sample or specimens in high-
strength of Concrete”, M.Sc. Thesis, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq,
May 2003.pp.32, 37.
 Al-Khafaji, J.A., “Some Mechanical-Properties of Accelerated Cured
High-Strength-Concrete Cylinders”, Ph.D. Thesis, Al-Mustansiriyah University,
Baghdad, Iraq, 2001.

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