IS 456: 1000

'Dable2 Gndes of Concnte

(Clause 6.1.9.2.2.15.1.1 and 36.1)
where
Group Grade DeI.....IIOIl Spedfted Cba 1Ie Ec is the short tenn static modulus of elasticity in
eo.,...." S til
N/mm2•
ISO ami Cube at 210.,."
Nlmm2 Actual measured values may differ by ± 20 percent
(I) (2) (3) from the values obtained from the aboveexpression.
Ordinary M 10 10
Concrete M IS IS
6.2.4 Shrinlcage
M20 20 The total shrinkage of concrete depeRds upon the
Slalldllrd M2S 2S constituents of concrete, size of the member and
Concrete M30 30 environmental conditions. For a givenhumidity and
M3S 3S temperature, the total shrinkage of concrete is most
M40 40
M4S 45 influenced by the total amount of waterpresentin the
MSO SO concrete at the time of mixing and, to a lesserextent,
MSS SS by the cementcontent.
Hi,h M60 60 6.2.4.1 In the absence of test data, the approximate
Strength M6S 65
Concrete M70 70 value of the total shrinkage strain for deslan may be
M7S 75 takenas 0.000 3 (for moreinfonnation, see IS 1343).
M80 80
NOTES 6.2.S Crtepof Concrete
I Inthedesipotion of concrete mixM refersto the mixlUld the
number to the specified compnlUive Itrenath of 150 mm size
Creep of concrete depends, in addition to the factors
cube lit 28 days.expressed in N/mmJ. listed in 6.2.4, on the stress in the concrete. age at
1 Forconcrete of com~ssive strenath areaterthan M55.desip loading and the duration of leading. As long as the
parameters givenin the llalldllrd maynot be applicable and the stress in concrete does not exceed one-third of its
values may be obtained from specialized literatures and characteristic compressive strength, creep may be
experimcntalresults.
assumed to be proportional to the stress.
justifya higherstrength fora particular structure due to 6.1.5.1 Intheabsence ofexperimental data and detailed
age. information on theeffectof thevariables, the ultimate
6.2.1.1 For concrete of grade M 30 and above. the creep strain may be estimated from the following
rate of increase of compressive strength withageshall values ofcreep coefficient (that is.ultimate creep strain!
be basedon actualinvestigations. elastic strain at the age of loading); for long span
structure, it is advisable to determine actual creep
6.2.1.2 Where members are subjected to lowerdirect
strain, likelyto take place:
load duringconstruction, they should be checkedfor
stresses resulting from combination of directloadand Ageat Loading Creep Coefficient
bending duringconstruction.
7 days 2.2
6.2.2 Tensile Strength of Concrete 28 days 1.6
The flexural and splitting tensile strengths shall be I year 1.1
obtained as described in IS 516 and IS 5816
NOTE-The ultill1lle creep 1UIin. eatimlled as described above
respectively. When the designer wishes to use an does not include the elastic IItI'lIin.
estimateof the tensilestrength from the compressive
strength, the following formula may be used: 6.2.6 Thermal Expansion
Flexural strength, fer = 0.7..[l; N/mm2 The coefficient of thermal expansion depends on IllltUI'e
of cement, the aggregate,. the cement content, the
where f", is thecharacteristic cubecompressive strength relative humidity and the size of sections. The value
of concretein N/mm 2• of coefficient of thermal expansion for concrete with
6.2.3 Elastic Deformation different aggregates may be takenas below:
The modulus of elasticity is primarily influenced by Type ofAggregate Coefficient ofThermal
the elastic properties of the aggregate and to a lesser .Expansionfor Concrrte/"C
extent by the conditions of curing avet age of the
Quartzite 1.2 to 1.3 x 10'5
concrete, the mix proportions and the type of cement.
Sandstone 0.9 to 1.2 x 10"
The modulus of elasticity is normally related to the
compressive strengthof concrete. Granite . 0.7 to 0.95 x 10"
Basalt 0.8 to 0.95 x 10"
6.2.3.1 The modulus of elasticity of concrete can be
Limestone 0.6lQ,.o.9 x 10'5
assumed as follows: ..1

" '."
16