STRENGTH OF MATERIALS BY: NTDEGUMA STRENGTH OF MATERIALS BY: NTDEGUMA

SIMPLE STRESSES LONGITUDINAL STRESS L IV. SHEARING DEFORMATION

SHEAR MODULUS OF RIGIDITY (G)
I. NORMAL STRESS VL L G= where:
P s =A G s = G E
P F
s G= G = shear modulus of rigidity
2(1 + ) = Poisson's ratio
where:
E = modulus of elasticity
P P V = shear force
P
Tension Compression L = length
G = shear modulus of rigidity
= P t D t BULK MODULUS OF ELASTICITY OR MODULUS
A OF VOLUMETRIC EXPANSION (K)
where:
V. PISSON'S RATIO
P = force perpendicular to the section (N)
L = D L = ( i - o )D z K= E =
A = cross-sectional area (sq.mm) 4t 4t 3(1 - 2 ) V/V
P P
II. SHEAR STRESS where: x
y
= V
= total applied pressure in MPa VOLUMETRIC STRAIN ( V / V)
= internal pressure in MPa
A i
where: o = internal pressure in MPa

V = shearing force parallel to the section (N) D = diameter of cylinder (mm) =- y

=- z
x
V= = 3(1 - 2 )
A = area being sheared (sq.mm)
t = thickness of the wall of cylinder (mm) V K E
where:

III. BEARING STRESS x = strain in the x-direction

y; z = strain in perpendicular direction
Ab STRAIN AND DEFORMATION ----- Negative sign indicates a decrease in transverse dimension when
Pb x is positive
Pb
I. SIMPLE STRAIN ( ) THERMAL STRESS AND DEFORMATION
Pb Pb
L
VI. BIAXIAL DEFORMATION THERMAL STRESS
= Pb
If an element is subjected simultaneously by tensile stresses
=
Ab L x and y in the X and Y directions, the strain in X direction is
= E (Tf - Ti) = E T
x
and the strain in Y direction is E.y Simultaneously, the stress
E
A on the X-direction of the amount - or
y - . The
y
resulting
E
IV. THIN-WALLED PRESSURE VESSELS strain in the X-direction will be..
THERMAL DEFORMATION ( )T
TANGENTIAL STRESS T
= x
- y
or ( x+ y )E
x
E E x = 2
II. AXIAL DEFORMATION ( ) 1-
L
T = L (Tf - Ti) = L T
where:
T = PL = deformation
= y
- x
or =
( y+ x )E
pressure AE L = length of the body
y
E E y
1- 2
D A = cross-sectional area If the wall yields a distance of x as shown,
F t
E = modulus of Elasticity

T VII. TRIAXIAL DEFORMATION

III. SHEARING STRAIN L
s x = 1 [ x- ( y+ )]z x p
E T = x + P
L T
= 1 [ z- ( x+ )]y L T= x + L/E
D = ( i - o )D
z
T = t E
2t 2t
where: y=
1 [ y- ( x+ )]z
E
s = shearing deformation
s
= L = length
L = shearing strain

CECC-3 STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 1/8 CECC-3 STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 2/8