"

Moment
of force ( T) ( Torque )
F
lfone )
:-# It is the
turning effect of force
•
.

It the
Definition is
product of force
•
:
p
pivot and
perpendicular distance
from pivot
of force
to the line .

"
A
joint about which
" only
rotation is allowed T = F ✗ 1- d o
SI Unit : Nm o vector

Moment =
Force ✗
perpendicular distance

CLASSMATE Physics190 angle ) Rashid

by Kashan

:¥i
YOUR PARTNER FOR PURSUING EXCELLENCE

: •
Moment can be clockwise or anticlockwise

① ①
•
T ✗ 1- d the
greater the distance the
, ,
7-
larger is the
torque produced .

€-1K
F td -0.4m tdz-O.com
of 100N
=

[ Line
-

. ,
.

.
-
.

force T, =
100×0.4 Tz = 100×0.6
÷
T, =
40 Nm Tz =
60 Nm
•
for the same torque ,
f- ✗ 1- i. e.
if force .
increases , the required
distance td
perpendicular falls
if the torque needed is 20 Nm then at the
geometric center
of shape
-

÷
if
"
"
0.2m
"

td 1- D=
if
"

0.6m
"
=
"
'
" "
"
"
"
' "
=
I '
"

,y•i"
'

I
1

Fx td
"
=
I = F ✗ 1- d .
,
-
• ,
,
,
11111111811111
-
"
.
' ,
' .
.
, =
F F 0.6
'

20
.

0.2
,
20 = ✗ = ✗ i 1
, .
,
. ,
,
=

F- 100N F
-

-
=
33.3N

distance increased CLASSMATE

3 times ,
,
The mass
Physics by Kashan Rashidof ,
,
,
•
the body
decreased
÷ ::* ; distributed
YOUR PARTNER FOR PURSUING EXCELLENCE

force 3 times is
equally
,
on all sides about the
center
center
of man
of Gravity center
of mass !

•
It is the point at which the whole F- Fxtd
the 7=0
weight of body appears to
pivots
= 10×0 so

act .
vw -10N
-

T =
Fx 1¢
• For regular shaped objects ,
the center
Pivot → i. > er ,
I
T
=
10×0.2

in the
of gravity is middle or 2 Nm ( cw )
=

very 0.2m vW= ION

Uniform body center
of mass in middle
→

not
non-uniform body mass
of body is
→

equally distributed on all sides >

•

>
location
of center
of mass shifts •
→ water

to the region where mass is

greater Center
of
mass lowers
due to more mass at
To determine the location bottom
of an
irregular
•
.

shaped object ,
PLUMB LINE EXPERIMENT
is used .

CLASSMATE Physics
1 Hang
by
.
the irregular
Kashan Rashid shaped
object from
YOUR PARTNER FOR PURSUING EXCELLENCE
one
of the
-

three holes and

suspend
the it
• pendulum infront of .

It will
2. let the
object swing .

come to rest with its c. 0.4

.
•
below the hole .

3. Draw line all the 3

a
from
holes while
one
by one

the
• •
repeating experiment .

4. Intersection point is C- 0.4 .

Principle of moments

1-di tdz
< :* >

v
FZ
FI V
> I

For an
object to be in
equilibrium
Sum clockwise moments
of must be

equal
moments
to sum
ofCLASSMATE
anticlockwise
YOUR PARTNER FOR PURSUING EXCELLENCE
Physics by Kashan Rashid
.

{ Moments C- W= { Allotments ACW

Fz ✗ 1- dz = Fix td ,
To balance in rotation
equal
•

moments !
are
required not

equal forces .

F, ✗ Id , =
Fz ✗ tdz
100×0.2 =
40×0.5

20 Nm =
20 Nm
CLASSMATE
YOUR PARTNER FOR PURSUING EXCELLENCE
Physics by Kashan Rashid