Stats On Gravity Dams

Weight of the Dam G
G = ɣdam Voldam
Friction f between the dam

and the foundation
Hydrostatic Force F f = μN
FH = ɣfluid ℏ A
FV = ɣfluid Volabove
Stability of Gravity Dams Hydrostatic Uplift U
→ caused by seepage
REVIEW IN HYDRAULICS U = Area of the pressure diagram
Engr. SiddArtha Valle | AY 2021-22 2nd Sem

Stability of a Gravity Dam:
FORCES ACTING ON THE DAM

Review in Hydraulics: Stability of Gravity Dams | Engr. S. Valle
motion ΣFX = FH1 - FH2 - f = 0 ΣMtoe = R.M - O.M

FH1 - FH2 = f = 𝜇N
Let FH1 - FH2 = RH Overturning Moment (O.M):
G G * FH1
FV FV *U
ΣFY = N + U - G - FV = 0
FH1 FH1
G + FV - U = N Righting Moment (R.M):
FH2 Let N = RV FH2 *G
* FV
FH1 - FH2 = 𝜇N * FH2
f = ᘈN RH = 𝜇RV motion
RM
𝜇RV
FSoverturning= > 1.0
U FSsliding = > 1.0 U OM
RH
N
Stability of a Gravity Dam: Stability of a Gravity Dam:
FAILURE DUE TO SLIDING FAILURE DUE TO OVERTURNING

: occurs when there is an unbalanced horizontal force pushing the dam forwards : occurs when there is a residual couple toppling the dam forwards (pivot at the toe)
Review in Hydraulics: Stability of Gravity Dams | Engr. S. Valle Review in Hydraulics: Stability of Gravity Dams | Engr. S. Valle
Location of Resultant
Eccentricity of x from cg at base:
of External Forces:
e = B/2 - x
RM - OM
G x= A gravity dam depends on its weight to oppose the horizontal
RV Distribution of Pressure if:
pressure of a fluid against it.
● ⅓B < x < ⅔B , or |e| ≤ B/6
FH1 R RV FV
The factor of safety against sliding and overturning must at least
FH2 RV 6e
𝜎= 1± be equal to 1 for a dam to be stable against these modes of
B B failure.
𝜎toe (+) ; 𝜎heel (-)
The factor of safety against sliding is 𝜇RV/RH.
● |e| > B/6,
U x 2RV The factor of safety against overturning is RM/OM
𝜎 max= ; 𝜎min = 0
B 3x
The pressure distribution at the base is the sum of the normal
Stability of a Gravity Dam: stress and the bending stress, and is estimated as
𝜎 = (RV/B) [1 ± (6e/B)] when |e| ≤ B/6
PRESSURE ON THE FOUNDATION 𝜎max = ⅔(Rv/x) and 𝜎min = 0 when |e| > B/6
The specific weight of the concrete is 150 lb/ft 3, and the coefficient of The specific weight of the concrete is 150 lb/ft 3, and the coefficient of
friction between the base of the dam and the foundation is 0.42. Use friction between the base of the dam and the foundation is 0.42. Use
1.5 as the factor of safety (F.S) against sliding. 1.5 as the factor of safety (F.S) against sliding.
EXAMPLE 1 a) Calculate the width of concrete dam that is necessary to EXAMPLE 1 a) Calculate the width of concrete dam that is necessary to
prevent the dam from sliding. prevent the dam from sliding.
b) Calculate the factor of safety against overturning. b) Calculate the factor of safety against overturning.
w w
G G
G
20 ft 20 ft
15 ft 15 ft
FH1
The specific weight of the concrete is 150 lb/ft 3, and the coefficient of Assume the foundation soil is impermeable and that the coefficient of
friction between the base of the dam and the foundation is 0.42. Use friction between dam and foundation soil is 0.45. If the specific weight
1.5 as the factor of safety (F.S) against sliding. of the concrete is 150 lb/ft3, find:
EXAMPLE 1 a) Calculate the width of concrete dam that is necessary to
EXAMPLE 2 a) the factor of safety against sliding
prevent the dam from sliding. b) the factor of safety against overturning
b) Calculate the factor of safety against overturning. c) the pressure intensity on the base of the dam
8.35 ft 10 ft
xG
G
G G1
20 ft 50 ft
ℏ 42 ft G2 G3
⅔h
15 ft
e
FH1
⅓h FH1
overturn
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Assume the foundation soil is impermeable and that the coefficient of Assume the foundation soil is impermeable and that the coefficient of
friction between dam and foundation soil is 0.45. If the specific weight friction between dam and foundation soil is 0.45. If the specific weight
of the concrete is 150 lb/ft3, find: of the concrete is 150 lb/ft3, find:
EXAMPLE 2 a) the factor of safety against sliding EXAMPLE 2 a) the factor of safety against sliding
b) the factor of safety against overturning b) the factor of safety against overturning
c) the pressure intensity on the base of the dam c) the pressure intensity on the base of the dam
R RV
10 ft
FV1
x
𝜎heel = 1.09 kips/ft2
G1
𝜎toe = 9.65 kips/ft2
50 ft
42 ft G2 G3
FH1
overturn
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Assume there is a hydrostatic uplift that varies uniformly from full hydrostatic Assume there is a hydrostatic uplift that varies uniformly from full hydrostatic
head at the heel of the dam to zero at the toe and that the coefficient of head at the heel of the dam to zero at the toe and that the coefficient of
friction between dam and foundation soil 0.45. If the specific weight of the friction between dam and foundation soil 0.45. If the specific weight of the
EXAMPLE 3 concrete is 23.5 kN/m3, find: EXAMPLE 3 concrete is 23.5 kN/m3, find:
a) the factor of safety against sliding a) the factor of safety against sliding
b) the factor of safety against overturning, b) the factor of safety against overturning,
c) the pressure intensity on the base of the dam c) the pressure intensity on the base of the dam
3m 4m 3m 4m
3m 3m
G1
FV1 G3
12 m 12 m
14 m 14 m
G2
FH1
3m 3m
overturn
7m 8m U 7m 8m
Assume there is a hydrostatic uplift that varies uniformly from full hydrostatic
A concrete dam with the cross section shown is founded on the rock with a
head at the heel of the dam to zero at the toe and that the coefficient of
friction coefficient between the two materials of 0.80. The uplift pressure will
friction between dam and foundation soil 0.45. If the specific weight of the
vary from 65% at the heel to 80% at the toe. The weight of concrete is 23.5
EXAMPLE 3 concrete is 23.5 kN/m3, find:
EXAMPLE 4 kN/m3.
a) the factor of safety against sliding
a) Compute the uplift force acting at the base of the dam.
b) the factor of safety against overturning,
b) Compute the total vertical reaction at the bottom of the dam.
c) the pressure intensity on the base of the dam
c) Compute the factor of safety against sliding.
R RV
1.5 m
0.8 m
x 1.5 m
𝜎heel = 84.93 kPa
𝜎toe = 300.30 kPa 6m
1.5 m
4.5 m
The figure shows a cross section of a gravity dam with reservoir full.
A concrete dam with the cross section shown is founded on the rock with a
Compute:
friction coefficient between the two materials of 0.80. The uplift pressure will
a) the average shearing stress along plane between blocks B1 and B2
vary from 65% at the heel to 80% at the toe. The weight of concrete is 23.5
EXAMPLE 4 kN/m3. EXAMPLE 5 b) the vertical component of the resultant between blocks B1 and B2
considering uplift force
a) Compute the uplift force acting at the base of the dam.
c) the factor of safety against sliding between blocks B1 and B2 if the
b) Compute the total vertical reaction at the bottom of the dam.
coefficient of friction is 0.65.
c) Compute the factor of safety against sliding.
FV1
1.5 m
0.8 m 1 3
20 ft 20 B1 10
1.5 m
G1
G2
6m 20 ft G1 B
2
G2 G3
FH1 G3
1.5 m FH2 20 ft B3 10
4.5 m
U
The figure shows a cross section of a gravity dam with reservoir full.
Compute:
a) the average shearing stress along plane between blocks B1 and B2
EXAMPLE 5 b) the vertical component of the resultant between blocks B1 and B2
considering uplift force
Any
c) the factor of safety against sliding between blocks B1 and B2 if the
coefficient of friction is 0.65.
G1 G2 G3 Questions?
20 ft RV
FH1
s.valle
1 m G10 m 6m
20 ft 1 B2
ning :)
u for liste
G G3
Thank yo
U 2
20 ft B3
Review in Hydraulics: Stability of Gravity Dams | Engr. S. Valle

Stats On Gravity Dams

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Weight of the Dam G

Friction f between the dam

Engr. SiddArtha Valle | AY 2021-22 2nd Sem

FORCES ACTING ON THE DAM

motion ΣFX = FH1 - FH2 - f = 0 ΣMtoe = R.M - O.M

Stability of a Gravity Dam: Stability of a Gravity Dam:

FAILURE DUE TO SLIDING FAILURE DUE TO OVERTURNING

Review in Hydraulics: Stability of Gravity Dams | Engr. S. Valle

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