Agricultural Economics B.Sc. Final Curriculum - April 2021

Final
Nationally Harmonized Curriculum for

B.Sc. Degree program in Agricultural
Economics
Complied and Revised by School of Agricultural

Economics and Agribusiness
Haramaya University, College of Agriculture and

Environmental Sciences
April 2021
Contributors
April 2021
Harar
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rationale of the Program.................................................................................................. 3
1.3 Program Objectives .......................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Resources ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Graduate (Professional) Profile ........................................................................................ 5
1.6 Program Profile ................................................................................................................ 6
1.6.1 Duration of the Degree Program .................................................................................. 6
1.6.2 Admission Requirements .............................................................................................. 6
1.6.3 Graduation Requirements ............................................................................................. 6
1.6.4 Degree Nomenclature ................................................................................................... 6
1.6.5 Medium of Instruction .................................................................................................. 7
1.6.6 Mode of Delivery, Assessment and Evaluation Methods............................................. 7
1.6.6.3 General Assessment and Evaluation Methods .......................................................... 8
1.7 Quality Assurance Mechanisms ..................................................................................... 10
1.8 Course Coding ................................................................................................................ 10
2. COURSE COMPOSITION ................................................................................................ 11
2.1 Course Distribution by Semester.................................................................................... 13
3. COURSE PROFILE .............................................................................................................. 17
3.1 Critical Thinking ............................................................................................................ 17
3.2 Communicative English Skills I (Flen 1011) ................................................................. 20
3.3. Geography of Ethiopia and the Horn (GeES 101) ......................................................... 21
3.4 Basic Mathematics for Natural Sciences (Math 101N) .................................................. 27
3.5 General psychology (Psch 1011).................................................................................... 31
3.6 Physical Fitness (SpSc101) ............................................................................................ 36
3.7 Introduction to Emerging Technologies (EmTe1012) ................................................... 38
3.9. Anthropology (Anth 101) ............................................................................................... 43
3.10. History of Ethiopia and the Horn (Hist 102) .............................................................. 49
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3.11. Communicative English Skills II (Flen 1012) ............................................................ 55
3.12. Moral and Civics (CESt 1011) ................................................................................... 56
3.13. Microeconomics I (AgEc 211) ................................................................................... 61
3.14. Introduction to Statistics (Stat 221) ............................................................................ 64
3.15. Principles of Accounting (Acct 231) .......................................................................... 67
3.16. Crop Production and Management (Plsc241) ............................................................. 69
3.17. Animal Production and Management (AnSc 251) ..................................................... 73
3.18. Sociology (Soci 261) .................................................................................................. 77
3.19. Inclusiveness (SNIE 212) ........................................................................................... 80
3.20. Microeconomics-II (AgEc 212).................................................................................. 85
3.21. Macroeconomics-I (AgEc 222) .................................................................................. 88
3.22. Statistics for Economists (AgEc 232) ......................................................................... 92
3.23. Introduction to Agricultural Extension (RDAE 242) ................................................. 95
3.24 Natural Resource Management (NRM252) ................................................................... 97
3.25 Farm Power and Machinery (AgEn262) ........................................................................ 99
3.26 Gender and Youth in Development (RDAE 272) ........................................................ 102
3.27 Mathematics for Economists (AgEc 311) .................................................................... 106
3.28 Macroeconomics II (AgEc 321) ................................................................................... 110
3.29. Farm Management (AgEc 331) ................................................................................ 114
3.30. Research Methods for Agricultural Economics (AgEc 341) .................................... 116
3.31. Ethiopian Economy (AgEc 351)............................................................................... 119
3.32. Seminar in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 361) ...................................................... 121
3.33. Global Trends (FSPT 412) ....................................................................................... 123
3.34. Econometrics (AgEc 312) ........................................................................................ 130
3.35. Computer Applications in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 322).............................. 132
3.36. Operations Research in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 332) .................................. 135
3.37. Agricultural Credit and Finance (AgEc 342) ........................................................... 138
3.38. Farming Systems and Livelihood Analysis (AgEc 352) .......................................... 141
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3.39. History of Economic Thoughts (AgEc 362) ............................................................. 145
3.40. Senior Research Proposal ( AgEc 372) .................................................................... 148
3.41. International Trade (AgEc 411) ................................................................................ 150
3.42. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics (AgEc 421) ................................ 153
3.43. Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperatives Management (ABVM 431) ............ 156
3.44. Food and Agricultural Policy (AgEc 441) ................................................................ 159
3.45. Practical Attachment (AgEc 451) ............................................................................. 163
3.46. Value Chain Analysis and Development (ABVM 222) ........................................... 164
3.47. Entrepreneurship (Mgt411) ...................................................................................... 167
3.48. Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis (AgEc 412).......................................... 171
3.49. Agricultural Marketing (AgEc 422) ......................................................................... 174
3.50. Institutional and Behavioral Economics (AgEc 432) ............................................... 177
3.51. Development Economics (AgEc 442) ...................................................................... 181
3.52. Economics of Climate Change ................................................................................. 184
3.53. Senior Research Project (AgEc 462) ........................................................................ 188
3.54. Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (FSPT 412) ............................................................. 190
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Ethiopian Economy is mainly dependent on the agricultural sector and the country‟s future
development is believed to continue being heavily dependent on this sector. To make the best use
of the driving sector, efficient and effective mobilization, and utilization of agricultural resources
is paramount. In spite of the salient roles that the agriculture sector plays in the national economy
and the huge potential of the country has for agricultural development, the performance of the
sector is not yet satisfactory. As a result of the very low productivity of the sector, its roles in
capital formation, supply of raw materials to industries, generation of foreign currency, ensuring
food security and offering of fertile market to local produces and services remain underplayed. In
fact, significant portion of the population of the country is below the internationally defined
poverty line with more severity in rural areas. However, in recent years, some progresses are
seen in the productivity of the sector as a result of various efforts made to use productive
technologies, extensive cluster farming activities and the development of private agricultural
enterprises.
Over the past three decades the Ethiopian government has adopted various economic policy
reforms namely: The Agricultural Development Led Industrialization (ADLI), Accelerated and
Sustainable Development to End Poverty (PASDEP) , Growth and Transformation Plan I and II
(GTP I and II), and currently, Home-Grown Reform and the Ten-Years Strategic plan targeting
to propel the country‟s economic progress. In all these strategies the government has identified
the priority areas as agricultural and rural development, infrastructural development and capacity
building.
With the advent of 1994 Education and Training Policy (ETP), the education sector has passed
through successive rolling Education Sector Development Programs (ESDP I-V). To achieve its
vision of becoming a lower middle income by 2030, the ten years perspective plan also gives due
consideration for development of skilled and competent manpower.
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The new Higher Education Policy and Strategy provides key changes such as renovating
curriculum, teaching method, assessment and student support for enhanced student experience
and performance. It includes merit-based appointments and career progression based on
teaching, research and service. The policy commends establishment of a National Science and
Research Foundation to fund outstanding peer-reviewed research and scientific investigations as
well as appointment of high qualified independent boards having academic and administrative
autonomy. In terms of access and equity, a range of measures including greater opportunities for
outstanding public education; scholarships by private universities for special needs and
underprivileged students and using different educational provision modalities such as online
education, and continuing and open distance learning are among few important initiatives.
Equipping higher education institutions with infrastructures and facilities to provide quality
education to learners, strengthening a quality assurance system, and making higher education
flexible to take courses of students‟ choices are important aspects of HE changes. Overall, based
on the differentiation of universities, there will be a competitive research and technology transfer
budget award for the execution of mega projects which can solve prioritized national problems.
The role of the private sector has shown a significant leap in reply to the favorable investment
policy and various external opportunities offered through the New Economic Partnership for
Africa‟s Development (NEPAD), the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and the
bilateral agreements the government entered with many countries. In all cases, agriculture has
remained a priority area of investment. In line with this, the demand for qualified personnel in
various fields steadily rises in the labour market. In particular, the currently flourishing
agricultural enterprise, the banks, micro-finance institutions, cooperative societies, and farmers
unions, the agro-industries, input suppliers and marketers of agricultural products at home or
abroad, the research institutes, and training institutions have faced problems of qualified human
power from local markets. Some have imported staff from other countries at very high cost just
to fill the gap.
The Department of Agricultural Economics is the oldest departments in the Ethiopian Higher
Education. It was among the pioneer sections at Haramaya University, the then Alemaya
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University, commenced in 1960 to produce qualified BSc graduates in Agricultural Economics.
The first graduates were only three in 1962. Currently, the program is being run by various
higher learning institutions at different levels of qualifications. The program has been making its
own contribution to the development efforts through producing skilled and competent
professionals, in areas such as socioeconomic research and development, agricultural marketing,
agricultural entrepreneurship, policy analysis. On top of these, there is a very wide international
reputation and significance of the program all over the world.
1.2 Rationale of the Program
Due to globalization, individuals in the world are now opting for food and fiber coming from
developing countries because of the organic nature the produces and their comparative advantage
in production. To make use of this opportunity, Ethiopia has to be competent in the global
market by producing high quality agricultural products at a competitive price. To this effect,
competent human resource in the areas of optimizing scarce resource use, planning profitable
projects which accelerate the pace of production and productivity is unquestionable. Hence,
producing skill manpower capable, competent graduates in the field of Agricultural Economics is
instrumental.
Promoting growth and sustainable development in Ethiopia demands competent and committed
professionals. Accordingly, the Ethiopian Government revised the entire education system and
launched a new road map in 2019. As a result, the three years BSc in Agricultural Economics
Program will run for four years starting from 2020/21 academic year. This necessitates revision
of the nationally harmonized curriculum of the program. As per the directives given by MOSHE,
Haramaya University was given the task to lead the curriculum revision program under the
college of Agriculture. As part parcel of the college, the School of Agricultural Economics and
Agribusiness, Haramaya University took the lead in revising curriculums of BSc in Agricultural
Economics and BSC in Agribusiness and Value Chain Management programs. Jima University
served as a major reviewer throughout the process. In addition, various stakeholders and higher
learning institutes were involved in the revision starting from the course catalog preparation
stage.
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It is unquestionable that a standard and harmonized curriculum that enables higher learning
institutes to produce qualified and capable professionals to enhance the socio-economic
development of the country is mandatory. Therefore the revision was made to make the program
competency based, market oriented and more practical. To make graduates competent in the
region as well as internationally, various accredited regional programs and curriculums were
considered.
1.3 Program Objectives
The overall goal of the B.Sc. degree program is to produce competent, skilled, and committed
agricultural economics professionals capable of bringing change in the agricultural economy.
The specific objectives of this academic program are to:

 Produce knowledgeable graduates in the field of Agricultural Economics who can assist
efficient and sustainable use of the societies‟ scarce resources;
 Produce committed, motivated, socially accountable and qualified Agricultural
Economists who undertake problem-solving socio-economic researches in the field;
 Produce graduates who will engage in community services, and
 Provide consultancy and advisory services to governmental and/or non-governmental
organizations
1.4 Resources
In order to effectively and efficiently run the Agricultural Economics program, the human and
physical resources needed are described as follows:
Resource requirement for the program
S. No Resource Quantity Remark

1 Lecturer (MSc) and above 15 Qualifications must be in Agricultural
Economics, Economics, Agribusiness,
Natural Resources Economics or
Development Economics
2 Technical assistant 2 One of them to coordinate programs and the
other for assisting computer labs
3 Computer Lab 1 To teach Statistical and Econometrics
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software and Computer applications
4 Educational center and 1 To reserve program specific papers and
Library books (journals, magazines, newspapers,
books, …) and video teaching center
1.5 Graduate (Professional) Profile
The intended graduate of Agricultural Economics is generally capable to develop economic

information on farm production methods and technologies. He/she can analyse and evaluate
linkages of production with processing, distribution and final consumer demand. The graduate is
also an expert in understanding and interpreting the linkages between: agriculture and the
environment; agribusiness and consumers and decision-maker; and prepare dynamic careers in
business, natural resources, and the environment & economics interaction. The curriculum has
been designed in a way that combines economics and agricultural fundamentals with insights
into the dynamic social, technological and environmental forces that shape production and
marketing decisions.
After successful completion of the training, the graduates are expected to gain knowledge skills
and attitude that enable them to:
 Participate in design, implementation and evaluation of agricultural development projects;

 Apply effective and efficient resource utilization theories and practices for sustainable
agricultural development;
 Involve in feasibility studies and advise investors, financial institutions, agriculture and
allied sectors;
 Assist researchers and policy makers in agricultural production and productivity;
marketing and sustainable use of natural resource and environment;
 Establish and operate their own business;
 Train and advise small scale farmers and agricultural entrepreneurs;
 Serve as planners in agricultural offices;
 Manage small scale farms and agricultural enterprises;
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 Work as Extension team member/leader, Market expert and Loan officer; and
 Assist teaching at Higher Learning, technical and vocational training institutions.
1.6 Program Profile
The training is a four years program. It offers theoretical knowledge and practical skills to
qualify the students for the intended professional profile. Students are required to take a total of
152 credit hours or 251 ECTS
1.6.1 Duration of the Degree Program
A four-year academic time is required to acquire a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree in

Agricultural Economics. Students will join the program after successfully completing first year
common courses. Since the program is a multidisciplinary and reasonably quantitative, students
should have a strong background in mathematics.
1.6.2 Admission Requirements
Students admitted directly from secondary school are required to meet the national higher
education enrollment criteria of that year. After successfully completing first year common
courses, students will join the program competitively based on their interest, grade point of the
first year and performance in quantitative courses. Others like re-admission and advance
standing shall be treated according to the academic rules and regulations of the Universities.
1.6.3 Graduation Requirements
Students who are directly admitted from secondary school are expected to take a total of 152
credit hours (56 courses). At the end of the program, the student is required to have a Cumulative
Grade Point Average (CGPA) of 2.00 with no “F” letter grade in any course.
1.6.4 Degree Nomenclature

Students who have successfully completed graduation requirements can earn the following
degree: Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree in Agricultural Economics. Its Amharic version is
“የሳይንስ ባችለር ዲግሪ በ ግብርና ምጣኔ ሐብት”
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1.6.5 Medium of Instruction
The medium of instruction for the program is ENGLISH.
1.6.6 Mode of Delivery, Assessment and Evaluation Methods
1.6.6.1 Mode of Delivery
The courses will be delivered through lectures, providing exercise and assignment, project work,
term papers, and research work. The aim is not only to train the students adequately but also
evaluate whether they qualify in the course or not. In addition, latest technologies, like E-
learning would be used to deliver the courses.
Students would be evaluated based on written and computer base assignments, class
participation, and presentation, reports, mid-term and final examination.
1.6.6.2 General Teaching and Learning Policy
All students are expected to abide by the code of conduct of the University Academic legislation
throughout this course. Academic dishonesty, including cheating, fabrication, and plagiarism will
not be tolerated and will be reported to concerned bodies for action.
Class activities will vary day to day, ranging from lectures to discussions. Students will be active
participants in the course. They need to ask questions, raise issues, do all the assignments,
submit, and present it according to the time table indicated. The instructor will give out the
directions, for the assignments one week prior to the due date. All issues discussed in class or
derived from other sources may be the subject of assignment or final exam question items.
Students should follow the instructions and thematic plan indicated at each contents of the course
to complete all the assignments provided whether they are to be performed individually or in
group.
Note on class attendance and participation: Students are expected to attend class regularly.
Instructors should take attendance on random days during the semester to ensure that students are
coming to class, and if a student misses class repeatedly, the grade will be affected. If a student
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misses more than 20% of the class he/she will not sit for final exams. The instructor should not
allow the student to enter the class room if he/she is late more than five minutes.
Cell phones: Cell phones must be turned off before entering the exam room and class as they are
disruptive. Therefore, both instructors and students should make sure to switch off cell their
phone at all times while they in a class/exam room.
1.6.6.3 General Assessment and Evaluation Methods
Though the weight and the type of assessment varies based on the nature of the course and
underline course objective, the following methods will be employed to assess the competency of
the student.
Course work
 Assignments, group work , presentation of reports and term papers
 Mid semester and final examination
Practical Work
 Activities, practical and field visits and reports
 Practical and Written examination
Research and project works
 Quality of paper written and presented
 Way of presentation
 Topic presented
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1.6.6.4 Grading system
Grading system will be as per the academic policy and the grading scale to be used will be fixed-
scale as indicated below.
Raw Mark Interval- Corresponding fixed Correspon Status Class Description

[100 %] Number ding Description
[90,100] 4 Letter
A+ Excellent First class with Great
[85, 90) 4 GradeA distinction
[80, 85) 3.75 A-
[75, 80) 3.5 B+ Very Good First class with
[70, 75) 3 B Distinction
[65, 70) 2.75 B- Good First class
[60, 65) 2.5 C+
[50, 60) 2 C Satisfactory Second Class
[45, 50) 1.75 C- Unsatisfacto Lower Class
ry
[40,45) 1 D Very Poor Lower Class
[<40) 0 F Fail Lowest Class
Remarks
 A student cannot graduate with a cumulative GPA of less than 2.0 out of the 4-scale grading
system. Therefore, he/she should at least score on average a minimum of C and above which
is satisfactory status to graduate.
 A student with „D-„can pass to the next semester if it is first semester period and it increases
with level/year of students. A student with a good stand (CGPA>2) can graduate if he/she
scores „D-„ in any course.
 A student with all „Ds‟ in a specific semester cannot pass to the next semester.
 A student with a good stand can pass to the next semester and even can graduate if he/she
scores D in any course.
 A student with F must repeat the course for two times and the grade will be any of what a
student can score
 The details of all of the above will be done in the harmonized Academic Policy.
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1.7 Quality Assurance Mechanisms
In order to assure quality for the program, measures will be taken as per the universities‟ quality
assurance policy. Besides, Agricultural Economics program will make use of the following
measures for evaluating and monitoring the quality of the teaching learning process.
 Designing institutional self-assessment at program level (e.g. course evaluation, course

content revision, etc)
 Holding regular meeting with stakeholders
 Conducting employer feedback surveys
 Assesses Instructors (teachers) performance based on their competence
 Carrying out College and University wide workshops
1.8 Course Coding
The departmental courses are coded taking four letters from the name of the program,
Agricultural Economics (AgEc) . The departmental courses start with the code AgEc followed by
a three digit numerical code. The first digit indicates the year in which course is offered, the
second digit indicates the order of courses offered in the semester and the third digit indicates the
semester in the academic year.
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2. COURSE COMPOSITION
Course of the program are classified as core and supportive. These classifications are further sub-
divided as departmental and non-departmental. Core courses are those courses students should
acquire expertise in the field and are key areas of specialization in the field. Supportive courses
are those courses that are prerequisites for the core courses. These courses help students to
understand principles and theories in the core courses. The core courses should be taught by
senior lecturers and above to achieve the learning outcome and competence of the graduates.
I. Core Courses (Departmental)
No. Courses Name Course code Cr. hr

1. Microeconomics I AgEc 211 3
2. Microeconomics II AgEc 212 3
3. Macroeconomics I AgEc 222 3
4. Macroeconomic II AgEc 321 3
5. Operations Research in Agricultural Economics AgEc 332 3
6. Econometrics AgEc 312 4
7. Research Methods in Agricultural Economics AgEc 341 3
8. Development Economics AgEc 342 3
9. International Trade AgEc 411 3
10. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics AgEc 421 3
11. Food and Agricultural Policy AgEc 441 3
12. Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis AgEc 412 3
13. Agricultural Marketing AgEc 422 3
14. Farming Systems and Livelihood Analysis AgEc 352 3
15. Institutional and Behavioral Economics AgEc 432 3
Total CrHrs 46
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II. Core Courses (Non-Departmental)
1. Crop Production and Management PlSc 241 3
2. Natural Resource Management NRM 252 4
3. Animal Production and Management AnSc 251 3
4. Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture FSPT 412 3
5. Value chain Analysis and Development ABVM 222 3
Total CrHrs 16
III. Supportive Courses (Departmental)*

1. Senior Research Proposal AgEc 372 1
2. Senior Research Project AgEc 472 3
3. Statistics for Economists AgEc 232 3
4. Mathematics for Economists AgEc 311 4
5. Farm Management AgEc 331 3
6. History of Economic Thoughts AgEc 262 2
7. Ethiopian Economy AgEc 351 2
8. Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperative Management ABVM 431 3
9. Seminar in Agricultural Economics AgEc 461 1
10. Agricultural Credit and Finance AgEc 341 3
11. Computer Applications in Agricultural Economics AgEc 421 3
Total CrHrs 28
IV. Supportive (Non-Departmental)

1. Introduction to Statistics Stat 221 3
2. Principle of Accounting Acct 231 3
3. Gender Youth and Development RDAE 272 2
4. Farm Power and Machinery AgEn 262 2
5. Sociology Soci 261 2
6. Introduction to Agricultural Extension RDAE 242 2
Total CrHrs 16
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2.1 Course Distribution by Semester
First Year
Year I, Semester I
No Course Name Course Code Cr. Hr. ECTS
1. Critical Thinking LoCT 1011 3 5
2. General Physics Phys1011 3 5
3. Communicative English Skills I FLEn1011 3 5
4. Geography of Ethiopia and the Horn GeES1011 3 5
5. Mathematics for Natural Sciences Math1011 3 5
6. General Psychology Psch1011 3 5
7. Physical Fitness SpSc1011 Contacts, P/F P/F
Total 18 30
Year I, Semester II
1. Introduction to Emerging Technologies EmTe1012 3 5
2. Social Anthropology Anth1012 2 3
3. General Biology Phys1012 3 5
4. General Chemistry Chem1012 3 5
5. Communicative English Skills II FLEn1012 3 5
6. Moral and Civics MCiE1012 2 3
7. Introduction to Economics (E) 3 5
Total 19 31
13
Second Year
Year II Semester I
1. Microeconomics-I AgEc 211 3 5
2. Introduction to Statistics Stat 221 3 5
3. Principles of Accounting Acct 231 3 5
4. Crop Production & Management PlSc 241 3(2+1) 5
5. Animal Production and Management AnSc 251 3(2+1) 5
6. Sociology Soci 261 2 3
7. Inclusiveness SNIE 212 2 3
Total 19 31
Year II Semester II
1. Microeconomics II AgEc 212 3 5
2. Macroeconomics-I AgEc 222 3 5
3. Statistics for Economists AgEc 232 3 5
4. Introduction to Agricultural Extension RDAE 242 2 3
5. Natural Resource Management NRM 252 4 (3+1) 7
6. Farm Power and Machinery AgEn 262 2(1+1) 3
7. Gender and Youth in Development RDAE 272 2 3
Total 19 31
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Third Year
Year III Semester I
1. Mathematics for Economists AgEc 311 4 7
2. Macroeconomics II AgEc 321 3 5
3. Farm Management AgEc 331 3 5
4. Research Methods in Agricultural Economics AgEc 341 3 5
5. Ethiopian Economy AgEc 351 2 3
6. Seminar in Agricultural Economics AgEc 461 1 2
7. Global Trends FSPT 412 2 3
Total 18 30
Year III Semester II

1. Econometrics AgEc 312 4 (3+1) 7
2. Computer Applications in Agricultural AgEc 322 3 5
Economics
3. Operations Research in Agricultural AgEc 332 3 5
Economics
4. Agricultural Credit and Finance AgEc 342 3 5
5. Farming Systems and Livelihood Analysis AgEc 352 3 5
6. History of Economic Thoughts AgEc 362 2 3
7. Senior Research Proposal AgEc 372 1 2
Total 19 32
15
Fourth Year
Year IV Semester I
1. International Trade AgEc 411 3 5
2. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics AgEc 421 3 5
3. Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperative ABVM 431 4 7
Management
4. Food and Agricultural Policy AgEc 441 3 5
5. Practical Attachment AgEc 451 2 3
6. Value Chain Analysis and Development ABVM 222 3 5
7. Entrepreneurship Mgmt 411 2 3
Total 20 33
Year IV Semester II
1. Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis AgEc 412 3 5
2. Agricultural Marketing AgEc 422 3 5
3. Institutional and Behavioral Economics AgEc 432 3 5
4. Development Economics AgEc 442 3 5
5. Economics of Climate Change AgEc462 2 3
6. Senior Research Project AgEc 472 3 5
7. Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture FSPT 412 3 5
Total 20 33
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3. COURSE PROFILE
3.1 Critical Thinking
Course Description
Logic and Critical Thinking is an inquiry that takes arguments as its basic objects of
investigation. Logic is concerned with the study of arguments, and it seeks to establish the
conditions under which an argument may be considered acceptable or good. Critical thinking is
an exercise, a habit, a manner of perception and reasoning that has principles of logic as its
fulcrum, and dynamically involves various reasoning skills that ought to be human approach to
issues and events of life. To think critically is to examine ideas, evaluate them against what you
already know and make decisions about their merit. The aim of logic and critical thinking course
is to maintaining an „objective‟ position. When you think critically, you weigh up all sides of an
argument and evaluate its validity, strengths and weaknesses. Thus, critical thinking skills entail
actively seeking all sides of an argument evaluating the soundness of the claims asserted and the
evidence used to support the claims. This course attempts to introduce the fundamental concepts
of logic and methods of logical reasoning. The primary aim of this course is to teach students
essential skills of analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments, and to sharpen their ability
to execute the skills in thinking and writing.
Course Objectives
Upon completion of this course the students will be able to:

 Understand the relationship of logic and philosophy,
 Recognize the core areas of philosophy,
 Appreciate the necessity learning logic and philosophy,
 Understand basic logical concepts, arguments,
 Understand deductions, inductiveness, validity, strength, soundness, and cogency,
 Develop the skill to construct sound argument and evaluate arguments;
 Cultivate the habits of critical thinking and develop sensitivity to clear and accurate usage
of language;
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 Differentiate cognitive meanings from emotive meanings of words,
 Differentiate standard forms of categorical propositions from other types of sentences
used in any language,
 Apply symbols to denote standard forms of categorical propositions to form further
logical assertions among them.
 Develop logical and open-mind that weighs ideas and people rationally;
 Develop confidence when arguing with others,
 Demonstrate logical argumentative ability,
 Develop logical reasoning skill in their day to day life, and
 Appreciate logical reasoning, disproving mob-mentality and avoid social prejudice.
 Understand the basic concepts and principles of critical thinking.
 Understand the criterion of good argument.
 Identify the factors that affect critical thinking.
 Apply critical thinking principles to real life situation.
Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics

Class Year Year 1 Semester I
Course Name Critical Thinking
Curse Code Phil 101
Prerequisites None
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Contact Hours Suggested hours Total
Contact Practical/ Sub- of independent (Hrs)
Topics Hour Tutorial Total study
Topic One: Logic and Philosophy 8 24 32
1.1 Introduction.
1.2 Meaning and Definition of philosophy
1.3 Core Branches of Philosophy.
1.4 Importance of Learning Logic and Philosophy
Topic Two: Basic Concepts of Logic 12 36 48
2.1. Introduction
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2.2. Basic Concepts of Logic
2.3. Techniques of recognizing arguments.
2.4. Types of Arguments
2.4.1. Deductive Arguments
2.4.2. Inductive Arguments
2.5. Evaluation of Arguments
2.5.1. Evaluating Deductive Argument
2.5.2. Evaluating Inductive Arguments
Topic Three: Logic and Language 8 24 32
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Logic and Meaning
3.2.1 Cognitive and Emotive Meaning of Words
3.2.2 Intentional and Extensional Meaning of
Terms
3.3 Logic and Definition
3.3.1 Types and Purposes of Definition
3.3.2 Techniques of Definition
3.3.2.1 Extensional Techniques of Definition
3.3.2.2 Intentional Techniques of Definition
3.4 Criteria for Lexical Definitions
Topic Four: Basic Concepts of Critical Thinking 8 24 32
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Meaning and Definition of Critical Thinking.
4.3 Principles of Critical Thinking.
4.4 Criterion/Standard of Argument Good Argument.
4.5 Factors Affecting Critical Thinking.
4.6 Relevance ofCritical Thinking.
Topic Five: Logical Reasoning and Fallacies 16 48 64
5.1 Induction
5.2 Types of Fallacies: Formal and Informal
5.3 Categories of Informal Fallacies
5.3.1 Fallacies of Relevance
5.3.2 Fallacies of Weak Induction
5.3.3 Fallacies of Presumption
5.3.4 Fallacies of Ambiguity
5.3.5 Fallacies of Grammatical Analogy
Topic Six: Categorical Propositions 8 24 32

6.1 Introduction
6.2 Categorical Propositions
6.2.1 The Components of Categorical Propositions
6.2.2 Attributes of Categorical Propositions:
Quality, Quantity, and Distribution
6.2.3 Representing Categorical Propositions
19
6.2.3.1 Venn Diagrams
6.2.3.2 Boolean and Aristotelian Square of
Oppositions
6.2.4 Evaluating Immediate Inferences: Venn
Diagrams and Square of Oppositions
6.2.5 Logical Operations: Conversion, Observation,
and Contraposition
Total Work Load 48 144
Assessment
Test.……………………………………………15%
Mid Exam ………………………………….…. 20%
Assignment …………………………………....15%
Final Exam.……………………………………50%
Text Books/References
Hurley, Patrick J. (2014) A Concise Introduction to Logic, 12th Edition, Wadsworth, Cengage
Learning.
Hurley, Patrick J. (2012) A Concise Introduction to Logic, 11th Edition, Wadsworth, Cengage
Learning.
3.2 Communicative English Skills I (Flen 1011)
Course Description
Communicative English Skills is a course designed to enable students to communicate in English

intelligibly with acceptable accuracy, fluency and ability to use English appropriately in different
contexts. The course exposes students to English language learning activities designed to help
students use English for their academic and social needs. Students would be engaged in language
learning development activities through doing and reflection on action. This includes grammar
and vocabulary as used in communicative events and all skills and their sub-kills: speaking,
listening, reading and writing. The language and skills are integrated where one becomes a
resource to the other. There are six units covering topics related to the life world of students as
well as of societal relevance.
Course Objectives
20
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
 Express themselves in social and academic events in English-Use English intelligibly

with reasonable level of curacy and fluency
 Listen and comprehend to talks related to social and academic events given in English

Course Name Communicative English Skills I (Flen1011)
Class Year Year I/ Semester I
Curse Code
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Contact Hour Practical/ Sub- of independent (Hrs)
Topics Tutorial Total study
3.3. Geography of Ethiopia and the Horn (GeES 101)
Course Description
This course attempts to familiarize students with the basic geographic concepts particularly in
relation to Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa. It is also intended to provide students a sense of
place and time (geographic literacy) that are pivotal in producing knowledgeable and competent
citizens that are able to comprehend and analyze problems and contribute to their solutions. The
course consists of four parts. The first part provides a brief description on the location, shape and
size of Ethiopia as well as basic skills of reading maps. Part two introduces the physical
background and natural resource endowment of Ethiopia and the Horn which includes its
geology and mineral resources, topography, climate, drainage and water resources, soil, fauna
and flora. The third part of the course focuses on the demographic characteristics of the country
21
and its implications on economic development. The fourth component of the course offers
treatment of the various economic activities of Ethiopia and the Horn which include agriculture,
manufacturing and service sectors. Moreover, Ethiopia in a globalizing world is treated in the
perspectives of the pros and cons of globalization on its natural resources, population and socio-
economic conditions
Course Objectives
 Upon completion of this course the students will be able to:
 Describe the location, shape and size of Ethiopia and the Horn
 Explain the implications of location, shape and size of Ethiopia and the Horn on the
physical environment, socioeconomic and political aspects.
 Elaborate the major geological events; the resultant landforms and mineral resources
of Ethiopia and the Horn.
 Identify the major drainage systems and water resources of Ethiopia and their
implications for regional development and integration.
 Develop an understanding of the climate of Ethiopia, its dynamics and implications
on the livelihoods of its inhabitants.
 Examine the spatio-temporal distribution and abundance of natural vegetation,
wildlife and Soil resources of Ethiopia.
 Discuss the demographic attributes and dynamics as well as the ethnic diversity of
Ethiopia.
 Read maps as well as compute basic demographic and climatic rates
 Appreciate the biophysical and socio-cultural diversities in Ethiopia and the Horn
 Explicate the major types of economic activities in Ethiopia; discern their
spatiotemporal distributions and their contributions to the overall development of the
country.
 Comprehend the effects of globalization on the socioeconomic development of
Ethiopian and the Horn.
22
Course Name Geography of Ethiopia and the Horn
Curse Code (GeES 101)
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topic One: INTRODUCTION 5
1.1. Geography: Definition, scope, themes
and approaches
1.2. Location, Shape and Size of Ethiopia
and the Horn
1.2.1. Location and its effects
1.2.2. The shape of Ethiopia and its
implication
1.2.3. The size of Ethiopia and its
implications
1.3. Basic Skills of Map Reading
Topic Two: The Geology of Ethiopia and The (5hrs

Horn )
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The Geologic Processes: Endogenic
and Exogenic Forces
2.3 The Geological Time scale and Age
Dating Techniques
2.4 Geological Processes and the Resulting
Landforms
2.4.1 The Precambrian Era geologic
processes and resultant features
2.4.2 The Paleozoic Era geologic
2.4.3 The Mesozoic Era geologic
2.4.4 The Cenozoic Era geologic
23
2.5 Rock and Mineral Resources of Ethiopia
Topic Three: The Topography of Ethiopia And (3hrs
The Horn )
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Physiographic Divisions
3.2.1 The Western Highlands and Lowlands
3.2.2 The Southeastern Highlands and
Lowlands
3.2.3 The Rift Valley
3.3 The Impacts of Relief on Biophysical and
Socioeconomic Conditions
Topic Four: Drainage Systems and Water (5hrs
Resources of Ethiopia and The Horn )
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Major Drainage Systems of Ethiopia
4.3 Water Resources: Rivers, Lakes, and
Subsurface Water
4.4 General Characteristics of Ethiopian
Rivers
4.5 Water Resources Potentials and
Development in Ethiopia
Topic Five: The Climate of Ethiopia and the (7hrs

Horn )
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Elements and Controls of Weather and
Climate
5.3 Spatiotemporal Patterns and Distribution
of Temperature and Rainfall in Ethiopia
5.4 Agro-ecological Zones of Ethiopia
5.5 Climate and its Implications on
Biophysical and Socioeconomic Aspects
5.6 Climate Change/Global Warming: Causes,
Consequences and Response Mechanisms
Topic Six: Soils, Natural Vegetation And (6hrs
Wildlife Resources of Ethiopia and the Horn )
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Ethiopian Soils: Types, Degradation and
Conservation
7.3 Types and Distribution of Natural
Vegetation in Ethiopia
7.4 Natural vegetation: Uses, Degradation and
Conservation Strategies
7.5 Wildlife Resources of Ethiopia: Types,
24
Importance, and Conservation Strategies
Topic Seven: Population 0f Ethiopia and The (8hrs
Horn )
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Population Data: Uses and Sources
7.3. Population Dynamics: Fertility, Mortality and
Migration
7.4. Population Distribution and Composition
7.5. Sociocultural Aspects of Ethiopian
Population: Education, Health and Languages
7.6. Settlement Types and Patterns
Topic Eight: Economic Activities in Ethiopia (9hrs
8.1. Introduction )
8.2. Mining, Fishing and Forestry
8.3. Agriculture in Ethiopian
8.3.1. Contributions, potentials and characteristics
of agriculture in Ethiopia
8.3.2. Agricultural systems in Ethiopia
8.3.3. Major problems of Ethiopian agriculture
8.4. Manufacturing in Ethiopia
8.4.1. Manufacturing: essence and contributions
8.4.2. Types, characteristics and distribution of
manufacturing
8.4.3. Industrial development in Ethiopia:
Challenges and Prospects
8.5. The Service Sector in Ethiopia
8.5.1. Transportation and communication in
Ethiopia: types, roles and characteristics
8.5.2. Trade in Ethiopia: types, contributions and
characteristics
8.5.3. Tourism in Ethiopia: Types, major tourist
attraction sites, challenges and prospects
Total Course Load
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Paper & presentation….20 %
Mid Exam …….30%
Final Exam……………….50%
A.D. Tathe.(2012). Lecture Notes on Climatology: For Intermediate Met Training Course, Indian
Meteorological Department.
25
Addis Ababa University (2001). Introductory Geography of Ethiopia, Teaching Text,
Department of Geography.
Assefa M., Melese W., Shimelis G.(2014). Nile River Basin; Ecohydrological Challenges,
Climate Change and Hydropolitics. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland.
B. D, Ray (1989). Economics for Agriculture: Food, Farming and the Rural Economy.
Macmillan.
CSA 1994 & 2007. Population and Housing Census Results. CSA: A.A.
Diao, Xinshen,. 2007. The Role of Agriculture in Economic Development: Implications for Sub
Saharan Africa. Sustainable Solutions for ending Hunger and Poverty, Research Report
153. IFPRI.Ethiopia.
Engdawork Assefa(2015). Characterization and classification of major agricultural soils in
CASCEP intervention weredas in the central highlands of Oromia Region, Ethiopia,
Addis Ababa University
FDRE.2001 Ministry of Water Resources, National Metrological Survey, A.A.
Girma Kebede(2017). Society and Environment in Ethiopia
Hartshorne, T. & J. Alexander (1988). Economic Geography, 3rd Ed.
Hooguelt, A (2001). Globalization and the post-colonial world. The New political Economy of
Development. Basingstoke plagrave.
Hurni. H. 1988. Ecological Issues in the Creation of Ethiopia. Paper presented in the National
Conference on Disaster prevention and preparedness Strategy for Ethiopia, A.A
International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) (2008). East Africa Migration
Route Initiative Gaps & Needs Analysis Project Country Reports: Ethiopia, Kenya,
Libya. Vienna
Laurence G., Jeremias M., Tilahun A., Kenneth M.(2012). Integrated Natural Resource
Management in The Highlands of Eastern Africa; From Concept to Practice. New York,
Earthscan.
Lloyd, P. & P. Dickens (1977). Location in Space. Harper @ Row.
Mesfin Woldemariam (1972). Introduction to Ethiopian Geography, Addis Ababa,
Ministry of Agriculture/MOA/ (1998). Agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia: Natural Resources
Management and Regulatory Department, Addis Ababa
26
Morgan R.P.C (2005). Soil Erosion and Conservation. National Soil Resources Institute,
Carnfield University. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK.
OXFAM(2018). Horn of Africa climate crisis response. Regional summary
Pausewang, Siegfried (1990), Ethiopian Rural Development Options.
Plant genetic resource center (1995). Ethiopia: country report to the FAO International Technical
Conference on Plant Genetic Resource, Addis Ababa
Robert, E.G, James, F.P & L. MichaelT.(2007). Essentials of Physical Geography. Thomson
Higher Education, Belmont, 8th edition.
UNDP, FAO (1984) Ethiopia Forest Resources and Potential for Development; An assistance to
land use planning.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (2007). Climate Change; Impacts
Vulnerabilities and Adaptations in Developing Countries.
http://www.preventionweb.net/publications/view/2759
Waugh, D. (1990). Geography: An Integrated Approach. Nelson: London.
3.4 Basic Mathematics for Natural Sciences (Math 101N)
Course Description
The course intends to prepare natural science students with the basic concepts and materials from
mathematics that necessitate a good foundation to treat fundamental mathematical tools in
science. This course rigorously discusses the basic concepts of logic and set theory, the real and
complex number systems, mathematical induction, least upper bound and greatest lower bound,
functions and types of functions, polynomial and rational functions, logarithmic and exponential
functions, trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions and their graphs and analytic geometry.
Course objectives:
After completion of the course, students will be able to:
 apply propositional logic in reasoning,
 use quantifiers in open propositions in mathematical logic
27
 understand concepts of sets and set operations,
 understand the fundamental properties of real numbers
 use mathematical induction in proofs,
 analyze least upper bound and greatest lower bound,
 understand the fundamental properties of complex numbers
 express complex numbers in polar representation
 explain different types of functions, their inverses and their graphs
 evaluate zeros of polynomials
 Understand basic properties of logarithmic, exponential, hyperbolic, and trigonometric
functions
 Understand basic concept of analytic geometry
 derive equations of conic sections
Course Name Basic Mathematics for Natural Sciences
Curse Code ( Math 101N)
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topics study
Hour Tutorial Total
Topic One: Propositional logic and Set 14

Theory hrs)
1.1. Definition and examples of proposition
1.1.1 Logical connectives
28
1.1.2 Compound (or complex) propositions
1.1.3 Tautology and contradiction
1.1.4 Open proposition and quantifiers
1.2. Set theory
1.2.1 The concept of a set
1.2.2 Description of sets
1.2.3. Set operations and Venn diagrams
Topic Two: The real and complex number (14
systems hrs)
2.1 The real number system
2.1.1. The natural numbers, Principle of
mathematical induction and the Well ordering
Principle
2.1.2. The integers, rational numbers and real
numbers.
2.1.3. Upper bound and lower bound: least upper
bound and greatest lower bound;
Completeness property of real numbers
2.2. Complex number system
2.2.1. Definition of complex numbers and their
operations
2.2.2. Polar representation of complex numbers
and the De-Moivere‟s formula
2.6 2.2.3. Extraction of roots
Topic Three: Functions (14
3.1. Review of relations and functions hrs)
3.2. Real-valued functions and their properties
3.3. Types of functions and inverse of a function
3.4. Polynomials, zeros of polynomials, rational
29
functions, and their graphs
3.5. Definitions and basic properties of
logarithmic, exponential, trigonometric and
hyperbolic functions, and their graphs.
Topic Four: Analytic Geometry (22
4.1 The straight-line: Division of segments and hrs)
various forms of equation of a line.
4.2. Circles
4.2.1. Definition of circle and examples
4.2.2. Equation of a circle centre at the origin
and different from the origin.
4.2.3. Intersection of a circle and a line
4.3. Parabola
4.3.1. Definition of parabola and standard form
of equation of parabola.
4.3.2. Equation of parabola parallel to the x-axis
(the y-axis)
4.4. Ellipse
4.4.1. Definition of Ellipse and examples
4.4.2. Equation of ellipse center at the origin and
different from the origin
4.5 Hyperbola
4.5.1. Definition of circle and examples
5.7 4.5.2. Equation of hyperbola of center at
the origin transverse axis to x-axis (the y-
axis)
Total Course Load

Assessment
30
Assignments / quizzes / tests 20%
Mid Exam …….30%
Abera Abay, An Introduction to Analytic Geometry, AAU, 1998
Alemayehu Haile and Yismaw Alemu, Mathematics an Introductory Course, Department of
Mathematics, AAU
3.5 General psychology (Psch 1011)
Course Description
The module has eleven chapters. Chapter one deals with definition of basic concepts, goals of
psychology, historical background of psychology, theoretical perspectives in psychology,
branches of psychology, research methods in psychology and applications of psychology. The
second chapter includes definition and concepts of human development, facts and principles of
human development, aspects of human development, theories of human development, cognitive
theories, psychosexual theory, psychosocial theory, and moral development theory. Points
discussed in chapter three are definition, principles and characteristics of learning, factors
influencing learning, theories of learning and their applications, behavioral theory of learning,
social learning theory and cognitive learning theory. Chapter four of the module teaches you
about memory, meaning and process of memory, stages of memory, factors affecting memory,
forgetting, meaning and concepts of forgetting, theories of forgetting and improving memory. In
the fifth chapter concepts of motivation, definition and types of motivation, theories of
motivation and their applications, conflict of motives and frustration, emotions, definition of
emotion, components of emotion and theories of emotion and their applications. In chapter six,
concept of personality and its theories particularly psychoanalytic, trait and humanistic theories
are discussed. Psychological disorders and treatment techniques nature of psychological
disorders such as causes of psychological disorders, types of psychological disorders and
31
treatment techniques are discussed in chapter seven. Chapters eight, nine, ten and eleven
deal with life skills. In chapter eight, nature and definition, goals and components are
discussed. Self-concept and self-awareness, self-esteem and self-confidence, self-control,
emotional intelligence and managing emotion, resilience and coping with stress, anger
management, critical and creative thinking and problem solving and decision making are
discussed in chapter nine. In chapter ten, academic skills: time management, note-taking and
study skills, test-taking skill, test anxiety and overcoming test, anxiety goal setting and career
development skill are presented. Chapter eleven educates you about social skills understanding
intercultural diversity and diversity management, gender and social inclusion, interpersonal
communication skills, social influences and peer pressure, assertiveness, conflict and conflict
resolution, team work and overcoming risky behavior.
Course Objective
 Up on the completion of this course, students will be able to:

 Describe basic psychological concepts;
 Compare and contrast the major theoretical perspectives in psychology;
 Discuss different aspects of human development;
 Compare and contrast different learning theories;
 Summarize motivational and emotional processes;
 Demonstrate social and interpersonal skills in everyday life;
 Set an adaptive goal and plan for future;
 Apply knowledge of psychology to their life and
 Develop their life skills.
Program Agribusiness and Value Chain Management
Course Name General Psychology
Curse Code/ Credit hours PsyL 1011/ 3Crh=5ECTS
Prerequisites
Lecture days /Hours
32
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topic One: Essence of Psychology
1.1. Definition of Psychology and Related
Concepts
1.2. Goals of Psychology
1.3. Historical Background and Major
Perspectives in Psychology
1.4. Branches/Sub Fields of Psychology
1.5. Research Methods in Psychology
Topic Two: Human Development
2.1. Basics of Human Development
2.2. Principles of Human Development
2.3. Aspects of Human Development
2.4. Theories of Human Development
Topic Three: Learning and Theories Of
Learning
3.1. Definition, Characteristics and Principles
of Learning
3.2. Factors Influencing Learning
Topic Four: Memory and Forgetting

4.1.Memory
4.2.Forgetting
4.3.Improving Memory
Topic Five: Motivation and Emotions
5.1. Motivation
5.1.1. Definition and types of motivation
5.1.2. Approaches to motivation (theories of
motivation)
5.1.3. Conflict of motives and frustration
5.2. Emotions
5.2.1. Definition of emotion
5.2.2. Theories of emotion
Topic Six: Personality

6.1. Meaning of Personality
6.2. Theories of Personality
33
6.2.1. The psychoanalytic theory of personality
6.2.2. The trait theory of personality
6.2.3. Humanistic theory of personality
Topic Seven: Psychological Disorders and

Treatment Techniques
7.1 Nature of Psychological Disorders
7.2. Causes of Psychological Disorders (Based
on Perspectives)
7.2.1 The Biological Perspective
7.2.2 Psychological Perspectives
7.3. Types of Psychological Disorders
7.4 Treatment Techniques
Topic Eight: Introduction to Life Skills

8.1. Nature and Definition of Life skills
8.2. Components of Life Skills
8.3. Goals of Life Skills
Topic Nine: Intra-Personal and Personal

Skills
9.1. Self-Concept and Self-Awareness
9.2. Self-Esteem and self-confidence
9.3. Self-Control
9.4. Anger Management
9.5. Emotional Intelligence and Managing
Emotion
9.6. Stress, Coping with Stress and Resilience
9.7. Critical and Creative Thinking
9.8. Problem Solving and Decision Making
Topic Ten: Academic Skills

10.1. Time Management
10.2. Note-taking and Study Skills
10.3. Test-Taking Skill
10.4. Test Anxiety and Overcoming Test Anxiety
10.5. Goal Setting.
10.6. Career Development Skill
Topic Eleven: Social Skills

11.1. Understanding cultural Diversity
11.2. Gender and Social Inclusion
11.3. Interpersonal Communication Skills
34
11.4. Social Influences
11.5. Peer Pressure
11.6. Assertiveness
11.7. Conflict and Conflict Resolution
11.8. Team Work
11.9. Overcoming Risky Behavior
Total Course Load

Assessment
References
Asian Development Bank. (2017). Understanding and Developing Emotional Intelligence.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/igo/.
Bandura, A. (2004). Social Cognitive Theory for Personal and Social Change by Enabling
Media.Mahwah, NJ, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
Bailin, Sh.(1987). Critical and Creative Thinking. Vol. IX.1, Winter: Informal LogicBaron, R. A.
& Branscombe N. R. (2012).
Social Psychology.New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
Benard, S., et al. (2007).Social Psychology of Gender Advances in Group Processes Advances in
Group Processes.
Bernstein, D. A. & Nash, P. W. (2008). Essentials of Psychology (4th edit.). New York:
Houghton Mifflin Company
Berry, J. W. et al. (2002). Cross-Cultural Psychology: Research and Applications. New York:
Cambridge University Press.Blakemore, J. E.
Berenbaum, Sh. A. & Liben, L. S.(2009). Gender Development. New York: Taylor & Francis
Group, LLC.
Bruno, F.J. (2002). Psychology: A Self teaching Guide. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Coon, D. & Mitterer, J.O. (2012). Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and Behavior
(12thedit.) .Wadsworth, Cengage Learning: USA.
35
3.6 Physical Fitness (SpSc101)
Course Description
This course will provide the students with basic concepts of the five components of health
related physical fitness (cardiovascular, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body
composition), conditioning, hypokinetic disease and general principles of training. It is mainly
practical oriented. As a result, the students will be exposed to various exercise modalities, sport
activities, minor and major games, and various training techniques as a means to enhance health
related physical fitness components. In addition, they will develop the skills to assess each
component of fitness and will practice designing cardiovascular, muscular strength and
endurance, and flexibility programs based on the fitness assessment. The course serves as an
introduction to the role of exercise in health promotion, fitness, performance including the acute
and chronic responses of the body to exercise.
Course Objectives
 By the end of this course the students will be able to:

 Recognize the immediate and long term responses of the body to various types of
exercise.
 Understands the basic concepts of physical fitness and conditioning exercises.
 Understand the concept of hypokinetic disease and conditions.
 Distinguish the general principles of fitness training
 Develop conditioning programs to enhance the components of health related physical
finesses.
 Participate in conditioning programs which may help to develop the components of
health related physical finesses.
 Understand health issues in relation to excess body fatness and excessively low body fat.
 Develop skills to assess health related physical fitness components.
 Develop healthy body weight management skill.
 Appreciate and value the benefits of regular physical exercise to healthy living.
 Develop interest to engage in a regular physical exercise program as a life time activity.
 Develop self-confidence and effective communication skills in and out of the school
environment.
36
Class Year Year 1 Semester 1
Course Name Physical fitness
Curse Code SpSc101
Prerequisites
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topic One: Concepts of physical fitness and
conditioning
1.1. Meanings and definitions of terms
1.1.1. physical fitness
1.1.2. physical conditioning
1.1.3. Physical Activity,
1.1.4. Physical exercise and
1.1.5. Sport
1.2. General principles of fitness training
Topic Two: The Health Benefits of Physical
Activity
2.1. Physical Activity and Hypokinetic
Diseases/Conditions
2.2. Physical Activity and Cardiovascular
Diseases
2.3. physical activity and postural deformity
Topic Three: Making Well-Informed Food
Choices
3.1. Sound Eating Practices
3.2. Nutrition and Physical Performance
Topic Four: Health related components of fitness
4.1. Cardiovascular fitness
4.1.1. Meaning and concepts of cardiovascular
fitness
4.1.2.Means and methods of developing
cardiovascular fitness
4.2. Muscle fitness
4.2.1. Meaning and concepts of muscle fitness
4.1.2.Means and methods of developing muscle
fitness
4.3. Flexibility
37
4.3.1. Meaning and types of flexibility
4.1.2. Means and methods of developing
flexibility
4.4 Body composition
4.4.1. Meaning of body composition
4.4.2. Health risks associated with over fatness
4.4.3.Health risks associated with excessively low
body fatness
Topic Five: Assessment of fitness components
5.1. Assessment of cardiovascular fitness
5.2. Assessment of muscle fitness
5.3. Assessment of flexibility
5.4. Assessment of body composition
Practical session
Development and Assessment of the health
related components of fitness
Total Course Load

Assessment
Test (written)……………10
Group Assignment…20
Mid Exam …….30
Charles B. Corbin, Gregory J. Weik, William R. Corbin and Karen A. Welk. (2006). Concepts of
fitness and wellness: a comprehensive lifestyle approach. 6th edt.
Schott k. Powers, Stepheen L. Dod and Virginia J. (2006), Total Fitness and Wellness.
Paul M, and Walton T. (2006), Core Concepts in Health, 10th edit.
Charles B. Corbin and Ruth Lindsey (1990), Fitness for life, 3rd Edition, Scott
3.7 Introduction to Emerging Technologies (EmTe1012)
Course Description
This resource module is designed and developed in support of the Introduction to
Emerging Technology Curriculum. In chapter one you will study about the evolution of
technologies, the role of data for emerging technologies, programmable devices, and human to
machine interaction and future trends in emerging technologies. In chapter two, data science and
38
big data have been studied, how we collect, analyzed, stored and used. The advantages and
disadvantages of big data analysis are also studied. In chapter three, you have been studied
about introduction to Artificial Intelligence; its history; different types of AI; its application in
health, education, agriculture, and business. Finally, different tools and platforms used for AI
and sample AI examples were studied. In chapter four, the overview of the Internet of Things; its
history; its pros and cons, its architecture, its application in the smart home, smart city, smart grid
and smart farming. In the end, all IoT tools and platforms, as well as the sample applications.
Chapter five is about augmented reality (AR), its difference and similarity from virtual reality
and mixed reality, how it works, its architecture, and applications were studied. Chapter six is
all about the connection of emerging technologies with professional ethics, privacy,
accountability, trust. Finally, the threats and challenges of the technologies have been discussed.
In chapter seven, other emerging technologies that are not covered in detail are discussed.
Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Block chain technology, Cloud and quantum computing,
Autonomic computing, Computer vision, embedded systems, Cybersecurity, and Additive
Manufacturing (3D Printing).
Course Objectives
Up on completion of this course, should should be able to:
 Identify the technological advances that made the industrial revolution possible
 Describe the technological innovations that spurred industrialization
 Understand concepts relating to the design of human-computer interfaces in ways making
computer-based systems comprehensive, friendly and usable.
 Describe what data science is and the role of data scientists.
 Describe data processing life cycle
 Understand different data types from diverse perspectives
 Describe the purpose of the Hadoop ecosystem components.
 Explain the types and approaches of AI.
 Describe the applications of AI in health, agriculture, business and education
 List the factors that influenced the advancement of AI in recent years.
 Understand the relationship between the human‟s way of thinking and AI systems
39
 Identify real-world AI applications, some platforms, and tools.
 Describe the pros and cons of IoT
 Describe some of the application areas of IoT
 Explain what digital privacy is, its components and why it is important.
 know the importance of accountability and trust in emerging technologies.
 Identify the threats and challenges we face in developing and utilizing emerging
technologies.
 Explain biotechnology and its application in different sectors.
 Explain block-chain technology and its application.
 Explain how computer vision works and its application.
 Identify and explain embedded systems and their pros and cons.
 Describe cybersecurity, types of cybersecurity treat and its benefits.
 Distinguish the difference between additive manufacturing and 3D printing
Class Year Year 1 Semester: II
Course Name Introduction to Emerging Technologies
Curse Code/ Credit hour EMTE1011/1012 / 3Crh=5ECTS
Prerequisites
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topic One: Introduction to Emerging
Technologies
1.1. Evolution of Technologies
1.1.1. Introduction to the Industrial Revolution
(IR)
1.1.2. The Most Important Inventions of the
Industrial Revolution
1.1.3. Historical Background (IR 1.0, IR 2.0, IR
3.0)
1.2. Role of Data for Emerging Technologies.
40
1.3. Enabling devices and network
(Programmable devices).
1.4. Human to Machine Interaction
1.5. Future Trends in Emerging Technologies.
1.5.1. Emerging technology trends in 2019
1.5.2. Some emerging technologies that will
shape the future of you and your business
Topic Two: Data Science
2.1. An Overview of Data Science
2.1.1. What are data and information?
2.1.2. Data Processing Cycle
2.2. Data types and their representation
2.2.1. Data types from Computer programming
perspective
2.2.2. Data types from Data Analytics
perspective
2.3. Data value Chain
2.3.1. Data Acquisition
2.3.2. Data Analysis
2.3.3. Data Curation
2.3.4. Data Storage
2.3.5. Data Usage
2.4. Basic concepts of big data
2.4.1. What Is Big Data?
2.4.2. Clustered Computing and Hadoop
Ecosystem
Topic Three: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
3.1. What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)
3.2. History of AI
3.3. Levels of AI
3.4. Types of AI
3.5. Influencers of artificial intelligence
3.6. Applications of AI
3.7. AI tools and platforms
3.8. Semple AI application
Topic Four: Internet of Things (IoT)
4.1. Overview of IoT
4.2. How does it work?
4.3. IoT Tools and Platforms
Topic Five Augmented Reality (AR)
5.1. Overview of augmented reality
5.2. Virtual reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR)
vs Mixed reality (MR).
41
5.3. The architecture of AR Systems
5.4. Applications of AR Systems
Topic Six: Ethics And Professionalism Of
Emerging Technologies
6.1. Technology and ethics
6.2. New ethical questions
6.3. Digital privacy
6.4. Accountability and trust
6.5. Treats and challenges
Topic Seven: Other Emerging Technologies
7.1. Nanotechnology
7.2. Biotechnology
7.3. Block chain technology
7.4. Cloud and quantum computing
7.5. Autonomic computing (AC)
7.6. Computer vision
7.7. Embedded systems
7.8. Cybersecurity
7.9. Additive manufacturing (3D Printing)
Total Course Load
Assessment
References
Griffiths, F. and M. Ooi, “The fourth industrial revolution - Industry 4.0 and IoT Trends in
Future I&M],” IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag., vol. 21, pp. 29–43.
M. Maier, S. Member, and M. Lévesque, “Dependable Fiber-Wireless ( FiWi ) Access Networks
and Their Role in a Sustainable Third Industrial Revolution Economy,” vol. 63, no. 2, pp.
386-400, 2014.
.Park, J. YJ. Song, E. Seol, M. Seok, and K. Song, “MON-PO326: Constructing Standardized
Nursing Practice on Korean Nutrition Support Nurses,” Clin. Nutr., vol. 38, no. 2019, pp.
S178–S179.
Hoerni J., “Semiconductors and the second industrial revolution,” pp. 38–39, 1982.
Wan, J et al., “Software-Defined Industrial Internet of Things in the Context of Industry 4. 0,”
vol. 16, no. 20, pp. 7373–7380, 2016.
42
Xu, H. W. Griffith Yu, D., and N. Golmie, “A Survey on Industrial Internet of Things : A Cyber-
Physical Systems Perspective,” IEEE Access, vol. PP, no. c, p. 1, 2018.
Data Science: A Comprehensive Overview LONGBING CAO, University of Technology
Sydney, Australia 2017
3.9. Anthropology (Anth 101)
Course Description
This course is designed to introduce the anthropology of Ethiopian societies and cultures to first
year students' of Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs). It covers basic concepts of anthropology
such as culture, society and humanity. It also discusses themes including unity and diversity;
kinship, marriage and family; indigenous knowledge systems and local governance, identity,
multiculturalism, conflict, conflict resolution and peacemaking system; intra and inter-ethnic
relations of Ethiopian peoples. In addition, the course explores culture areas of Ethiopia such as
plough culture, enset culture and pastoralism. The course further covers marginalized minority
and vulnerable groups in terms of age, gender, occupation and ethnicity by taking ethnographic
case studies into account and discuss ways of inclusive growth.
Course Objectives
Up on the successful completion of the course, students will be able to:
 Develop an understanding of the nature of anthropology and its broader scope in making
sense of humanity in a global perspective;
 Understand the cultural and biological diversity of humanity and unity in diversity across
the world and in Ethiopia;
 Analyze the problems of ethnocentrism against the backdrop of cultural relativism;
 Realize the socially constructed nature of identities & social categories such as gender,
ethnicity, race and sexuality;
 Explore the various peoples and cultures of Ethiopia;
 Understand the social, cultural, political, religious& economic life of different ethno-
linguistic & cultural groups of Ethiopia;
 Understand different forms marginalization and develop skills inclusiveness;
43
 Appreciate the customary systems of governance and conflict resolution institutions of
the various peoples of Ethiopia;
 Know about values, norms and cultural practices that maintain society together;
 Recognize the culture area of peoples of Ethiopia and the forms of interaction developed
over time among themselves; and
 Develop broader views and skills to deal with people from a wide variety of socio-
economic and cultural backgrounds.
Contents and Thematic Plan
Program/ class year Agricultural Economics
Course Title Anthropology
Course Code Anth 101
Credit Hrs./ ECTS 2/3
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor name e-mail:
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic Contact hrs.
Lecture Practical/ Sub- Independent Total
hrs. Tutorial total study
1. Introducing Anthropology and its Subjects

1.1. What is anthropology – a Mirror for
Humanity?
 Sketching the subject matter, scope and
concerns of anthropology
 Anthropological imagination: asking
questions and seeing the world
anthropologically.
What does it mean by using the anthropological
lens when looking at the world?
 Defining Features of Anthropology- holism,
relativism & comparative perspectives
 Methods of Research in anthropology:
ethnography & ethnographic methods
1.2. Sub-fields of Anthropology: Four Mirrors for
Understanding Humanity
44
1.3. The relation between anthropology and other
disciplines
2. Human Culture and Ties that Connect
2.1. Conceptualizing Culture: What Culture Is and
What Culture Isn‟t?
2.2. Characteristics features of culture: what
differentiates culture from other traditions?
2.3. Aspects of Culture –Material & Non-material
(values, beliefs & norms)
2.4. Levels of culture: universality, generality and
particularity (cultural diversity)
2.5. Ethnocentrism, Cultural relativism, and
human rights
Discussion- Debating cultural relativism: Human
rights law and the demonization of culture and
anthropology along the way
2.6. Cultural Change: what is cultural change?
 Cultural Diffusion versus Cultural
Assimilation
 Innovation
Discussion - Contesting culture as sharply bounded
versus unbounded „cultural flows‟ or as „fields of
discourse‟ in the context of globalization.
2.7. Ties that Connect: Marriage, Family and
Kinship
 Marriage -rules, functions and forms of
Marriage
 Family -types and functions of Family
Q. How families and marriage differ in different
societies?
 Kinship System -types of kin groups and
rules of descent
 Kinship and Gender Across Cultures
 Sex and Gender: Mapping differences in
cross cultural perspective
 Gender –as power relations
2.8. Cultural practices, norms and values that
maintain society together
45
3. Human Diversity, Culture Areas, and Contact
in Ethiopia
3.1. Human Beings & Being Human: What it is to
be human? : (a bio-cultural animal?)
3.2. Origin of the Modern Human Species: Homo
sapiens (that‟s you!)
 Religious, biological & evolutionary (paleo-
anthropological) explanations
3.3. The Kinds of Humanity: human physical
variation
Q. Why isn‟t everyone the same?
Q. Why do people worldwide have differences in
their phenotypic attributes?
3.4. Human Races: the history of racial typing
 The Grand Illusion: Race, turns out, is
arbitrary
Q. What can we say for sure about human races?
3.5. Why is Everyone Different? Human Cultural
Diversity - anthropological explanations
Q. Why don‟t others do things the way we/I do?
3.6. Culture areas and cultural contacts in
Ethiopia
3.6.1 Plough culture area
3.6.2. Enset culture area
3.6.3. Pastoral societies culture area
3.6.4. Historical and social interactions between
culture areas
4. Marginalized, Minorities, and Vulnerable
Groups
4.1. Gender based marginalization
4.2. Occupational cast groups
4.3. Age based vulnerability (children and old age
issues)
4.4. Religious and ethnic minorities
4.5. Human right approaches and inclusive growth,
anthropological perspectives
5. Theories of inter-ethnic relations and

multiculturalism in Ethiopia
5.1. The Scales of Human Identity: Who am I?-
46
Understanding „self‟ & „other‟
Q- What are the ways we tell for others who we are?
5.2. Ethnicity and Race: What‟s in a name?
5.3. Ethnic Groups & Ethnic Identity
Q. What is the basis of one‟s ethnic identity?
Q. Is ethnicity a fundamental aspect of human nature
& self-consciousness, essentially unchanging and
unchangeable identity? Or
Q. Is it, to whatever extent, socially constructed,
strategically or tactically manipulable, and capable
of change at both the individual and collective
levels?
5.4. Race –the social construction of racial
identity
Q. Do the claims of some people/groups about
superior & inferior racial groups have any scientific
validity?
5.5. Premodernism; Instrumentalism; Social
constructivism
5.6. Debates on inter-ethnic relations and
identities
6. Customary and local governance systems and
peace making
6.1. Indigenous knowledge systems and local
governance
6.2. Intra and inter-ethnic conflict resolution
institutions
Ethnographic cases: commonalities and shared
practices (e.g., Oromo and Somali, Afar and Tigray;
Gedeo and Oromo; Guraghe and Siltie; Amara and
Tigray)
6.3. Customary/Local governance systems
Ethnographic cases: Oromo Geda; Somali-Gurti;
Gamo, Gofa, Wolayita-Woga; Guraghe-Sera
6.4. Legal pluralism: interrelations between
customary, religious and state legal systems
1. Total hrs. 2. 4 3. 2 4. 7 5. 2 6. 9
8 2 0 8 8
References
47
Asmarom Legesse (2006). Oromo Democracy: an Indigenous African Political System. The Red
Sea Press, Inc.
Cameron, M. Smith and Evan T. Davies (2008). Anthropology for Dummies. Wiley Publishing,
Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana.
Clifored Geertz . (1973). The Interpretation of Cultures. A division of Harper Collins Publishers.
Donald Donham . (1986). Marxist Modern. The Ethnographic History of Marxist Ethiopia.
Donald N. Levine. (1974). Greater Ethiopia: The Evolution of A Multiethnic Society.
Chicago & London., University of Chicago.
Dunif-Hattis and Howard C. (1992). Anthropology: Understanding Human Adaptation. New
York: Harper Collins, Inc.
Eriksen, T. H. (2001). Small Places, larger Issues: An introduction to social and cultural
anthropology. London: Pluto Press.
Eriksen, T. H. (2004). What is anthropology? London: Pluto Press.
Eriksen, T. Hylland. (2002). Ethnicity and Nationalism. London; Pluto Press.
Eriksen, T.H. and Nielsen, F.S. (2001). A History of Anthropology. London: Pluto Press.
Hallpike, Christopher R. (1972). The Konso of Ethiopia: A Study of the Value of a Cushitic
People. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Hamer, John. (1970). The Sidama Generational Class Cycles: A Political Geronotocracy.
Africa 40,I (Jan,1970): 50-70.
Haviland, WA, (1999).Cultural Anthropology (9th ed.). Fort Worth: Harcourt and Brace
College Pub.
Kottak, C. P. (2004) � Anthropology: the Exploration of Human Diversity (10th ed.).
McGraw Hill, New York.
Lavenda, R. and Emily S. (2015). Anthropology. What Does It Mean to Be Human?.
(3rded.). Oxford. Oxford University Press.
Pankhurst. R.(2001). Historic Images of Ethiopia. Shamans Books. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Richard Jenkins. (2006). Rethinking Ethnicity. London Sage Publication.
Rosman, A., Rubel, P.G. and Weisgrau, M. (2009). The Tapestry of Culture: an Introduction
to Social Anthropology. Lanham: Rowman and Little field.
48
Scupin and DeCorse (1988). Anthropology: A Global Perspective (2nd ed.). New Jersey:
Prentice Hall.
Shack, William S. (1966). The Gurage: A People of the Enset Culture. London: Oxford
University Press.
Triulzi et al. (2002). Remapping Ethiopia Easer African Studies:. Addis Ababa: AAU
3.10. History of Ethiopia and the Horn (Hist 102)
Course Description
This course is a common course given to Higher Learning Institutions Students/HLIS. Students
will learn about the role of history in human life and goals of studying history. Students will also
learn the importance of history in nation building and the making of identity in time and space.
This course covers the major historical processes in Ethiopia and the Horn. The course is also
concerned with how the socio-cultural, religious, economic and political experiences of the past
are interwoven in the making of the current Ethiopia and the Horn. It is useful to know how
personalities helped change the scenario, and how societies, peoples and the world that we live in
have changed over time and its implication for history of Ethiopia and the Horn. It is helpful to
understand history as a base for shaping and bettering of the future.
Course Objectives
 The general objective of the course is to acquaint students with historical processes in
Ethiopia. Specifically, after completing the course, students will be able to:
 Distinguish meaning, nature and uses of history
 Identify pertinent sources for the history of the peoples of Ethiopia and the Horn
 Describe changes & continuities that unfolded in Ethiopia and the Horn
 Elucidate the causes, courses and consequences of events happened in the region
 Explain the nature of the region‟s external contacts and their effects
 Appreciate peoples achievements, heritages and cultural diversities of the region.
49
Class Year Year 1 Semester II
Course Title History of Ethiopia and the Horn
Course Code Hist 102
Pre-requisites
Status of the course Compulsory
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic Contact hrs. Independent Total
study
Lecture Practical/ Sub-
hrs. Tutorial total
Topic One: Introduction
1.1. Concepts of History: Meaning, Nature and Uses
1.2. Sources & Methods of Historical Study
1.3. Origin and Development of Historiography of
Ethiopia and the Horn
1.4. Introducing and Understanding Ethiopia and the
Horn
Topic Two: Peoples and Cultures in Ethiopia and

the Horn
2.1. Human Evolution
2.2. Neolithic Revolution
2.3. The Peopling of the Region
2.3.1. Languages and Linguistic Processes: Afro-
Asiatic Super Family (Cushitic, Semitic & Omotic
Families) and Nilo-Saharan (Chari-Nile & Koman
families)
2.3.2. Settlement Patterns
2.3.3. Economic Formations
2.4. Religion and Religious Processes
2.4.1. Indigenous
2.4.2. Judaism
2.4.3. Christianity
2.4.4. Islam
50
Topic Three: Polities, Economy & Socio-Cultural
Processes in Ethiopia & the Horn to end of 13th
Century
3.1. Evolution of States
3.2. Ancient Polities
3.2.1. North and Northeast
3.2.1.1. Punt
3.2.1.2. Damat
3.2.1.3. Axum
3.2.1.4. Zagwe
3.2.2. East, Central, Southern and Western
3.2.2.1. Agaw, Bizamo, Damot, Enaraya, Gafat.
3.2.2.2. Muslim Sultanates (Shewa, Ifat, Dawaro,
Fatagar, Bali, Hadiya, Arebabani, Shirka, Dera…)
3.3. External Contacts
3.4. Economic Formations (Agriculture, Handicraft,
Trade…)
3.5. Socio-cultural achievements (Architecture,
Writing …)
Topic Four : Politics, Economy & Socio-Cultural
Processes from Late 13th – the beginning of 16th
Century
4.1. “Restoration” of the “Solomonic‟‟ Dynasty
4.2. Power Struggle, Consolidation, Territorial and
Religious Expansion of the Christian Kingdom
4.2.1. Succession Problem and the Establishment of
Royal Prison
4.2.2. Territorial Expansion towards Agaw, Bizamo,
Damot, Red Sea, Bete-Israel/“Falasha…”
4.2.3. Evangelization and Religious Movements
4.3. Social, Economic and Political Dynamics of
Muslim Sultanates
4.3.1. Political Developments in the Muslim
Sultanates and the Rise of Adal
4.3.2. Trade and the Expansion of Islam
4.4. Rivalry between the Christian Kingdom and the
Muslim Sultanates
4.5. External Relations
Topic Five: Politics, Economy & Socio-Cultural
Processes from Early 16th–the End of the 18th
Century
5.1. Interaction and Conflicts of the Christian
Kingdom and the Sultanate of Adal
5.2. Foreign Interventions and Religious
51
Controversies
5.3. Population Movements
5.3.1. Population Movements of the Afar, Somali and
Argobba
5.3.2. Gadaa System and Oromo Population
Movement (1522- 1618)
5.4. Interaction and integration across ethnic and
religious diversities
5.5. Peoples and States in Eastern, Central, Southern
and Western Regions
5.5.1. Kushitic: Afar, Somali, Oromo, Sidama,
Hadya, Kembata, Konso, Gedeo, Burji…
5.5.2. Semitic: Harari Emirate, Shewa Kingdom,
Gurage Polity…
5.5.3. Omotic: Kaffa, Wolayita, Gamo Gofa, Dawro,
Konta, Yem…
5.5.4. Nilotic: Anuak, Nuer, Berta, Gumuz…
5.6. The Period of Gondar (1636-1769) and “Zamana
Mesafint/Era of Princes” (1769-1855)
5.6.1. The Revival of the Christian Kingdom
5.6.2. Gondar achievements: architecture, painting,
music, literature, urbanization, trade etc.
5.6.3. Gondar Political Developments: “Close Door
Policy,” Reforms, “Byzantine Politics”…
5.6.4. Major Features of Era of Princes (1769-1855)
and Yejju Dynasty (1786-1853)
52
Topic Six: Internal Interactions and External
Relations from the 1800–1941
6.1. The Nature of Interactions among peoples and
states of Ethiopia and the Horn
6.1.1. Peoples and sates of Kafa, Wollaitta, Gibe,
Leqa, Qabena, Shawa...
6.1.2. The Role Trade and Trade Routes in the
interaction
6.2. Power Rivalry
6.3. The Making of Modern Empire State (Territorial
Expansion, Centralization process…)
6.4. Modernization Attempts: administration,
military, innovation, education, road construction,
railway, transportation & communication,
constitution…
6.5. Socio-Economic Issues/Processes: agriculture,
disease & famine, trade, slavery, manufacturing…
6.6. External Relations, Challenges and Threats
6.6.1. External Diplomatic Relations and Treaties
6. 6. 2. The Major Battles (Meqdela, Gundet, Gura,
Dogali, Mattama, Adwa, Maychew…)
6. 6. 3. Italian Occupation and the Patriotic
Resistance
Topic Seven: Internal Interactions and External
Relations from the 1941–1994
7.1. Post 1941 Imperial Period
7.1. 1. Political Scene: Restoration & Consolidation
of Imperial Power and External Relations
7.1. 2. Socio-economic Conditions: agriculture &
tenancy, famine, factories, education,
health, transportation, religion, welfare institutions
(idir, iqub…)
7.1.3. Opposition: Conspiracies, Revolts and
Downfall of the Monarchical Regime
7.2. The Derg Regime (1974-1991)
. 7.2. 1. The Rise of Derg and the Political
Momentum
7.2.2. Attempts at Reforms: Land Reform,
Development through Cooperation Campaign,
Collectivization, Agricultural Marketing Corporation,
Resettlement, Villagization, Literacy…
7.2. 2. Internal oppositions, Ethio-Somali War,
International Changes & End of the Derg
7.3. Historical Developments, 1991-1994 (transitional
53
charter: language & identity issues…)
Topic Eight: Cross-Cutting Issues in History of

Ethiopia and the Horn
8.1. The Role of Women in Ethiopian History
(economic, political, cultural and social)
8.2. Environmental Dynamics: changes and
continuities (deforestation, drought, pollution…)
8.3. Indigenous Knowledge: education, folk
medicine, conflict resolution mechanisms
(Makabanto,
Shimigilinna, Yejoka, Samugnit, Guma, Luwa, Byto,
Heer, Seera… )
Total hrs.
Quiz = 5%
Test = 10%
Individual or Group Assignments and Presentations = 15%
Mid-Term Examination = 20%
Final Examination = 50%
References
Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and
Muslim-European Rivalry in the Region. Frankcass, 1980.
Ethiopia: The Era of The Prince; The Challenge of Islam and The Re-unification of The
Christian Empire 1769-1855. Institute of Asian & African Studies the Hebrew University, 1968.
Alberto, Sbacchi. Ethiopia under Mussolini: Fascism and the Colonial Experience. 1985.
Alemayehu Haile et al. History of the Oromo to the Sixteenth Century. Finfinne: OCTB, 2006.
Andargachew Tiruneh. The Ethiopia Revolution 1974-1987: Transformation from Aristocracy to
Totalitarian Autocracy. Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Asmarom Legesse. Gada: Three Approaches to Study of African Society. London: Free Press.
Bahru Zewde. A History of Modern Ethiopia, 1855-1991. Addis Ababa University Press.
__________. Society, State and History, Selected Essays. Addis Ababa: AAU Pres, 2008.
Bender, M. L. and et al. Eds. The Languages of Ethiopia. London, 1976.
Clark, J.D. The Prehistoric Cultures of the Horn of Africa. Cambridge University Press, 1954.
Crabtree J Pam &Campana V. Douglas. Archaeology and Pre-history.
54
Gebru Tareke. Ethiopia Power and Protests: The Ethiopian Peasants Revolts in the 20th
Century. Cambridge University Press, 1991.
Gadaa Melbaa. Oromia. Minneapolis, 1999.
Haberland, Eike. “Notes on the History of Southern Ethiopian Peoples.” Paris, 1975.
Marcus, Harold G. A History of Ethiopia. University of California Press: Berkeley, 1992.
Mohammed Hassen. The Oromo of Ethiopia 1570-1860. Cambridge, 1990.
Pankhrust, Richard. 1997. The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient
Times to the end of the 18th Century. Red Sea Press.
Rubenson, Sven. Survival of Ethiopian Independence. 1972.
Sergew Hable Selassie. Ancient and Medival Ethiopian History to 1270. Addis Ababa, 1972.
Shiferaw Bekele. Economic History of Modern Ethiopia: Imperial Era 1941-1974. Vol. I. Dakar,
1995.
Taddesse Tamrat. Church and State in Ethiopia, 1270-1527. Oxford, 1972.
Teshale Tibebu. The Making of Modern Ethiopia, 1855- 1974. The Red Sea Press, 1995.
Trimingham, J.Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. London: Frankcass and Company LTD, 1965.
3.11. Communicative English Skills II (Flen 1012)
Course Description
This course aims at developing students‟ basic writing skills. It contains sentence level writing:
sentence structure, sentence types, functional and structural category, common sentence errors
(fragments, run-on sentences, dangling modifiers and agreement errors); paragraph level writing
: paragraph, topic sentence and supporting details, structure, essentials of a paragraph, basic
types of paragraphs( expository, narrative, descriptive and argumentative ) and techniques of
paragraph development; essay level writing : structure of an essay, thesis statement and
supporting paragraphs, types of essays and techniques of essay development
Course Objectives
Upon completing the course, students will be able to:
 Construct meaningful sentences in English;

55
 Learn to compose a paragraph that has a clearly stated topic sentence and details ;
 Use appropriate coordination and subordination skills to relate ideas;
 Identify and correct common sentence problems
 Compose paragraphs that have clearly stated topic sentences and supporting details.
 Write a well structured essay of different types ( descriptive, narrative, expository and
argumentative)

Class Year Year I/ Semester I
Course Name Communicative English Skills II
Curse Code Flen 2012
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
3.12. Moral and Civics (CESt 1011)
Course description
This course is designed for undergraduate students with the aim of producing good citizens. It
emphasizes on equipping learners with the necessary civic competence and active
participation in public life. It will also help them to exercise their democratic rights and
discharging their responsibilities effectively by familiarizing them with necessary civic
knowledge and skills. In countries such as ours, where the process of cultivating modern
constitutional and democratic values in the minds of citizens is experiencing serious
challenges, largely because the country had no established civic culture and partly because
56
these values and principles are not yet well-institutionalized, civics and ethical education
remains to be imperative. To this end, the course introduces learners to the basics of civics
and ethics, citizenship, morality and the goals of studying civics and ethics. It exposes
students to the meanings, foundations, approaches, values and principles of ethics and civic
virtue that learners must be equipped with both as citizens and professionals in their
encounter with real life situations both to be morally matured and responsible while making
decisions and taking actions. The course also elucidate the nature, purpose and forms of state
and government, constitution, democracy and human rights, the nature of democratic
citizenship, modes of cultivating civic-virtues in our citizens mainly within the context of
Ethiopia.
Ethiopia is currently going through a twin process of hope and despair. On the one hand there
are tremendous social, economic and political changes. On the other hand, significant
challenges are affecting the process, the pace and magnitude of this change. For such changes
to be successful however, it is imperative that citizens develop rational thinking, critical
support and reasonable opposition to the growing culture of mob mentality. Moreover, citizens
also need to go beyond their narrow individual interests and prioritize broad national interests.
The prevalence of corruption, which has been spreading like a wild fire is also frustrating the
productive capacities of citizens that could positively contribute to the development of the
country. All the aforementioned national concerns have largely been overlooked by the
common course syllabi currently under construction. Such glaring absence of citizenship and
moral education from the curriculum could be considered as one of the gaps that need to be
urgently addressed. In this regard, by encouraging civil discourse on contending national
issues, prioritizing peace and inculcating honourable disposition, the course civic and ethical
studies would prepare students to contribute to the overall peace, stability and prosperity of the
nation at large, hence magnifying the relevance and urgency of this course.
Course Objectives:
Upon a successful completion of this course, students will be able to:
 Understand the subject matter of Civics and Ethics;
57
 Cultivate certain moral values and civic virtues that enable them to be morally matured
and competent in their professional and citizenry lives by practically exposing them to
moral and civic debates/discussions and engagements.
 Develop such values/ virtues as recognition, appreciation and tolerance towards diversity
and also build culture of peace
 Gain knowledge about the theoretical discourses and practices of state, government and
citizenship, and their mutual interplay especially in the context of Ethiopia;
 Develop individual and/or collective potential of becoming self-confident citizens who
can effectively participate in their legal-political, socio-economic and cultural lives;
 Understand the essences of such values and principles as democracy and human rights,
multiculturalism and constitution and constitutionalism with especial reference to
Ethiopia;
 Develop analytical and reflective skill of identifying global or national level
development, democracy/governance and peace related issues of civics and ethics and
then be able to produce or evaluate policies and practices in a civically and ethically
responsible manner.

Course Title Moral and Civics
Course Code CESt 1011
Pre-requisites
Status of the course Compulsory/Common
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
hrs. Tutorial total
58
Topic One: Understanding Civics and Ethics 6
1.1 Defining Civics, Ethics, Morality and amorality
1.2 The Origin and Development of Civics and
ethical education
1.3 The purpose of civics and ethical education
1.4 Citizen: Rights and responsibilities
1.5 Competences of good citizen
Topic Two: Approaches to Ethics 12
2.1 Normative ethics
2.1.1 Teleological Ethics (Consequentialist)
2.1.2 Hedonism
2.1.3 Ethical and psychological Egoism:
2.1.4 picureanism and Cyrenaicism
2.1.5 Social Hedonism: Utilitarianism
2.1.6 Deontological Ethics (Non- Consequentialist)
2.1.7 Performance of One‟s own Duty
2.1.8 Devine-based Morality
2.1.9 Kant‟s Categorical Imperative
2.1.10 W.D. Ross‟s Prima Facie duty
2.1.11 Virtue Ethics and Civic Virtues
2.1.12 Basic Principles of Civic Virtues
2.1.13 How to be virtuous person?
2.2 Non-Normative Ethics
2.2.1 Meta Ethics
2.2.2 Absolutism/Objectivism
2.2.3 Relativism/Subjectivism and Conventionalism
2.2.4 Naturalism and Non-naturalism
2.3 Issues in Applied Ethics
2.3.1 Development Ethics
2.3.2 How should a society Develop?
2.3.3 Who is morally responsible for
Underdevelopment?
2.4 A „Just‟ Development
2.4.1 Environmental Ethics
2.5 Ecosystem and the environmental pollutions
2.6 Principles of Environmental Ethics
2.7 Professional Ethics
2.7.1 Profession and Professionalism
2.7.2 The scope of Professional Ethics
2.7.3 Common Principles of Professional Ethics
59
Topic Three: Ethical Decision Making and 6
Moral Judgments
3.1 Ethical Principles and Values of Moral
Judgments
3.1.1 The principle of equal consideration of
interest
3.1.2 Conflicting goals and ethical Justifications
3.1.3 Ethical values and Justifiable exceptions
3.2 Why Should I act ethically?
Topic Four: State, Government and Citizenship 12
4.1 Understanding State
4.1.1 What is a state?
4.1.2 Attributes of State
4.1.3 State Structures
4.2 Understanding Government
4.2.1 Major Function and Purpose of Government
4.2.2 Types of Government: Limited and Unlimited
4.2.3 Systems of Government
4.3 Understanding Citizenship
4.3.1 What is Citizenship
4.3.2 Inclusion and exclusion in Citizenship
4.3.3. Ways of Acquiring Citizenship
4.3.4 Ways of Losing Citizenship
4.3.5 Citizenship in Ethiopian Context: Past and
Present
4.4 State Formation and Nation-building in
Ethiopian Context
Topic Five: Constitution, Democracy and 12

Human Rights
5.1 Constitution and Constitutionalism
5.1.1 Peculiar features of Constitution
5.1.2 Major Purpose and Functions of Constitution
5.1.3 Classification of Constitutions
5.1.4 The Constitutional Experience of Ethiopia:
pre and post 1931
5.2 Democracy and Democratization
5.2.1 Definitions and Forms of Democracy
5.2.2.Views on Democracy: Substantive and
Procedural Views
5.2.3 Fundamental Values and Principles of
Democracy
5.2.4 Democratization and Its Waves
5.2.5 Major actors in Democratization Process
60
5.2.6 Democracy and Good Governance in Ethiopia
5.3 Human Rights
5.3.1 Definitions and Nature of Human Rights
5.3.2 Basic Characteristics of Human Rights
5.3.3. Dimensions of Human Rights
5.3.4 he Protection and Promotion of Human Rights
- Human Rights Instruments: Documents
- Oversight Mechanisms: Institutions
Total Hours 48 37 85 50 135
3.13. Microeconomics I (AgEc 211)
Course Descriptions
This course introduces students to basic economic concepts; scarcity; choice and opportunity
cost; consumer theory; demand; preference; utility; factors of production; production functions;
production costs; profit functions; concepts of market structures; perfectly competitive market
structure; monopoly market structure; equilibrium price and output determination under perfect
competitive and monopoly models.
Course Objectives
The aim of this course is to make students acquainted with definition and basic concepts of
Economics; scarcity and opportunity costs; theories of demand and supply, consumers behavior
and utility maximization, profit maximization and cost minimization, basics of market structures
and equilibrium price and output determination under perfect competitive and monopoly models.
After completed this course, students will be expected to:
 understand basic concepts of economics
 understand scarcity of resources and opportunity cost in making choice
 understand theory of demand and supply, and their applications
 understand the theories of utility and consumer behavior and their applications
 understand theories of production
 understand different types of production relationships
 understand theory of costs and cost curves with production curves
 explain market structures and basics of market structures
61
Course Name Microeconomics-I
Curse Code AgEc 211
Credit hours/ECTS 3/5
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic One: Introduction to Economics 3 3 9 12
1.1 Definition and scope of Economics
1.2 Branches of Economics
1.3 Methods in Economics
1.4 Economic problems and Economic system
1.5 Scarcity; choice and opportunity cost
Topic Two: Theories of Demand and Supply 12 1 13 36 49
2.1. Definition and law of demand
2.2. Determinants of demand
2.3. Definition and law of supply
2.4. Determinants of supply
2.5. Market equilibrium approaches
2.6. Elasticities of demand and supply
Topic Three: Theory of Utility and Consumer 8 1 9 24 33
Behavior
3.1. Definition of utility
3.2. Axioms of consumer preferences and
consumer behavior
3.3. Methods of measuring utility
3.4. Total utility and marginal utility
3.5. Indifference curves and Budget constraint
3.6. Utility maximization
62
3.7. Change in income and consumer choices
3.8. Change in price: substitution and income
effects on consumer choices
Topic Four: Theory of Production 9 1 10 27 37
4.1. Introduction to inputs and production
function
4.2. Short run production function
4.3. Long run production function
Topic Five: Theory of Cost 6 6 18 24
5.1. Basic concepts of costs
5.2. Short run costs
5.3. Long run cost
Topic Six: Perfect Competitive Market 5 1 6 15 21
6.1. Definitions and basics of market structures
6.2. Perfect competitive market structure
6.2.1. Basic features of perfect competitive market
structure
6.2.2. Nature of demand and revenue curve under
perfect competitive market
6.3. Determination of equilibrium price and output
under perfect competitive market
Topic Seven: Monopoly Market Structure 5 1 6 15 21
7.1. Basic features of monopoly market and
causes of monopoly
7.2. The nature of demand and revenue curves
under monopoly
7.3. Determination of equilibrium price and
output under multi-plant and price
discriminating monopoly
7.4. Welfare loss of monopoly
Total Course Load 48 5 53 144 197
Assessment
Continuous assessments……………...50%
Work sheet and assignment ….15
Quiz…………………………...5
Mid Exam……………………..30
Final Exam…………………………….50%
63
Suggested References
Hal Varian. 2005. Intermediate Microeconomics, A modern Approach 7th Edition
David Besanko and Ronald R. Braeutigam. 2011. Microeconomics 4th edition
Robert S. Pindyck and Daniel L. Rubenfield. 1995. Microeconomics 3rd edition
Geoffery A. Jehle and Phlip J. Reny. 2011. Advanced Microeconomic Theory 3rd edition
3.14. Introduction to Statistics (Stat 221)
Course Description
Students of Agricultural Economics must learn and understand the basic statistical concepts and
methods. It enables them to understand means of data collection, organization, analysis and
interpretation of both quantitative and qualitative data/information in logical and meaningful
terms in the field of Agricultural Economics. It covers basic concepts in statistics; the importance
of statistics in conducting researches, methods of sampling; graphical descriptive techniques
such as frequency distribution tables, graphs/diagrams/charts; numerical descriptive techniques
such as measures of central tendency and dispersion; probability theory and rules; random
variables and probability distributions; sampling distributions; statistical estimation and
inference and hypothesis testing.
Course Objectives
The aim of the course is to introduce the basic statistical concepts and methods commonly used
in agricultural economics. In particular, subject matter enable the students present data using
appropriate descriptive summaries, including tables, diagrams, graphs and descriptive statistics.
and make statistical inferences based on sample data by constructing confidence intervals for
population means and differences, and testing hypotheses.

Program/class year Agricultural Economics
Course Name Introduction to Statistics
Curse Code Stat 221
Cr.Hr. / ECTS 3/5
64
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Contact Hours Suggested Total Hrs.
Lecture Practical/ Subtotal hours of
Topics Tutorial independent
study
Chapter 1: Introduction 3 3 6 9
1.1 What is statistics
1.2 Types of Statistics
1.3 Variables and Types of Data
1.4 Scales of Measurement
1.5 Functions of Statistics
Chapter 2: Graphical Descriptive 4 2 6 6 12
Techniques
2.1 Frequency Distribution Table:
Qualitative and quantitative FDs
2.2 Absolute and Relative FDs
2.3 Cumulative FDs
2.4 Frequency Distribution Charts
Chapter 3: Numerical Descriptive 5 3 8 12 20
Techniques
3.1 Measures of Central Tendency
3.2 Measures of Dispersion
3.3 Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis
Chapter 4: Probability Theory and 3 3 6 6 12
Rules
4.1 Some Basic Concepts of Probability
4.2 Definitions and Types of Probability
4.3 Basic Rules of Probability
Chapter 5: Random Variables and 9 4 13 15 28
Probability Distributions
5.1 Random Variables
5.2 Discrete Probability
Distributions
5.3 Continuous Probability
Distributions
5.4 Expected Value and Variance of a
Random Variable
65
Chapter 6: Sampling Distributions 4 3 7 10 17
6.1. Sampling Techniques
6.2.Sampling Distributions of Sample
Mean
6.3. Sampling Distributions of Sample
Proportions
Chapter 7: Statistical Estimation 8 5 13 20 33
7.1 Point Estimation
7.2.Desirable Properties of
Estimators
7.3 Interval Estimation
7.4 Determining the Sample Size
7.5. Overview of Methods of Estimation
Chapter 8: Hypothesis Testing 12 6 18 25 43
8.1 Basic Concepts in Hypothesis
Testing
8.2 Hypothesis Tests about a
Population Mean
8.3 Hypothesis Tests about a Population
Proportion
8.4 Analysis of Variance: Various
Experimental Designs in
Agricultural Researches
8.5 Chi-Square Tests
Total Cr/Hrs 48 26 74 100 174
Assessment
Assignment ………………20
Quiz……………………….10
Test………………………..20
Final Exam…………………………….5
References
1. Bowem E.K. and Starr M.K. (1982). Basic Statistics for business and Economics.
McGraw-Hill, Inc.
2. Chandan J.S, et al (1995). Business Statistics, 2nd edition.
3. Gupta, C.B. (1997). An introduction to statistical Methods, Vikas Publishing House.
4. Mann, P.S. (1997). Introductory Statistics. 3rd edition.
66
5. Manson D., et al (1999). Statistical Techniques in Business and Economics. McGraw-
Hill, 10th edition.
6. Salvatore D. and Reagle D. (2005). Statistics and Econometrics.
7. Sincich, T. (1993). Statistics by Examples. 5th ed., Prentice-Hall, Inc.
8. Studenmund, A.H. (1992). Using Econometrics: A Practical Guide. 2nd edition, Harper
Collins Publishers Inc.
3.15. Principles of Accounting (Acct 231)
Course Description
The course is designed to introduce students with the basic accounting concept, principles and its
application; it include activities in the accounting cycle; accounting related to merchandizing
business, cash management, accrual and deferrals, receivable and plant asset. Completing the
course students able to use accounting principles in the real business: they will be able to apply
accounting language to communicate accounting information to the users; able prepare financial
statements to show financial positions of the real business.
Course Objectives:
This learning task aimed at helping students to:
 Understand the importance of the basic accounting principles and the role of accounting
in the real business
 Introduce how to communicate accounting information using financial statements
 Be clear with the rule of debit and credit
 Familiarize with the activities in the accounting cycle
 Understand accounting related to merchandize business, cash, receivable, and plant asset

Course Name Principles of Accounting
Course Code Acct 231
67
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Contact Hours Suggested Total
Contact Practical/ Sub- hours of (Hrs)
Topics Hour Tutorial Total independent
study
Topic One: Accounting: Overview 6 3 9 18 27
1.1. Definition of Accounting
1.2. Accounting as a language of business
1.3. The accounting Profession
1.4. Users of Accounting information
1.5. Basic Accounting principles
1.6. Business transaction
1.7. Basic Accounting Equation
1.8. Financial Statement
Topic Two: The Accounting Cycle 6 3 9 18 27
2.1 Nature of the account
2.2 Classification of the account
2.3 Charts of the account
2.4 Rules of Debit and credit
2.5 The process of journalizing and posting
transactions
2.6 Preparation of the trial balance
Topic Three: Completion of the Accounting 6 3 9 18 27
Cycle
3.1 Accrual Vs Cash bases of Accounting
3.2 The adjusting Process
3.3 Preparation of Work sheet
3.4 Closing process
3.5 Preparation of reversing entry
Topic Four: Accounting for merchandizing 6 3 9 18 27
business
4.1 Merchandizing business: Definition
4.2 Inventory management Approaches
4.3 Accounting for purchase and sales of
Merchandise
Topic Five: Accounting for cash 6 3 9 18 27
5.1 Nature of cash
5.2 Special characteristics of cash
68
5.3 Methods of cash management
5.4 Analyzing Business Performance
Topic Six: Accruals and Deferrals 6 3 9 18 27
7.1 Accounting for Accruals
7.2 Accounting for Deferrals
Topic Seven: Receivables 6 3 9 18 27
7.1 Classification of Receivables
7.2 Maturity date and interest computation
7.3 Accounting for Account Receivable
7.4 Accounting for Note receivable
Topic Eight: Plant Asset 6 3 9 18 27

7.1 Meaning of plant asset
7.2 Acquisition and Disposal of Plant Asset
7.3 Accounting for Depreciation of Plant Asset
Total Course Load 48 24 144 216
Assessment
Assignment …10
Mid Exam …..40
References
Fess and Warren, Accounting Principles 16th Edition
Warren, Reeve, and Fess, Accounting 20th Edition
Kimmel, Weygandt, and Kieso, Accounting Tools for Business Decision Making, 4th edition,
John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2011
3.16. Crop Production and Management (Plsc241)
Content Description
The course intends to introduce students with the basic principles of crop production and
management. It acquaints students with the physical and biological factors that affect crop
production, basic classification of crops, the distribution of major crops by agro-ecological
zones, cropping systems, agronomic/cultural practices of crop production, evaluation of different
farming systems; new concepts and approaches of farming systems, organic farming, crop pests
69
and diseases and their management (cost and losses), cost and benefits of agronomic practices,
and inputs utilized for optimum enterprise selection and application rate.
Course Objectives
By the end of the course, the students should be able to:
 Identify the concepts of principle of crop production and major cropping systems;
 Explain the general agronomic processes and their costs
 Identify losses due to crop weeds, pests, diseases and post-harvest, and their economic
effects (costs) in crop production and management
 Advise on suitable system(s) for various agro-ecologies and their management; and
 Understand cost and benefits of basic agronomic operations and inputs for major crops
and cropping systems
 Make decision on more profitable crop enterprises.

Course title Crop Production and Management
Course code (Plsc 231)
Cr.Hr. / ECTS 3 (2+1) /5
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topics Contact Hours Independent Total
study hours
Lecture Practical Sub-
total
Topic one: Environmental Factors Affecting Crop 6 6 3
Production 9
1.1. Physical Environment Factors
1.1.1. Soil
1.1.2. Temperature
1.1.3. Light
1.1.4. Moisture
1.1.5. Humidity
1.1.6. Wind
70
1.2. Biotic Factors
1.2.1. Disease
1.2.2. Insect
1.2.3. Weed
Topic Two: Classification of Crop Plants 6 3 9 6 15
2.1.Biological classification
2.2.Agronomic classification
2.3.Special purpose classification
2.4.Classification based on life
Habit
Topic Three : Reproduction in Crop Plants 3 3 6 9
3.1. A sexual mode reproduction
3.2. Sexual mode reproduction
Topic Four: Agronomic/cultural Practices of crops 6 3 9 12 21
4.1. Site selection
4.2. Land preparation
4.3. Sowing /planting
4.4. Fertilizer application
4.5. Disease & insect control
4.6. Harvesting
Topic Five: Individual Crops 3 3 3 6

5.1 Cereals
5.2 Pulses
Topic Six: Horticultural Crops 12 3 15 20 35
6.1. Classification of Horticultural Crops
6.2. Importance and Problems of Horticultural Crops
Production in Ethiopia
6.3. Methods of Establishing and Managing
Horticultural Crops
6.4. Site Selection
6.5. Directing Growth of Horticultural Crops
6.6. Land Preparation
6.6.1. Site Clearing
6.6.2. Terracing and Irrigation
6.6.3. Laying out the Planting Field
6.6.4. Digging Holes for Planting
6.6.5. Planting Fruit Tree Seedlings
6.7. Irrigation and Fertilization
6.8. Training and Pruning
6.9. Control of Weeds, Pests and Diseases
6.10. Postharvest Handling of Horticultural Crops
Topic Seven :Introduction to fruit crops production 6 3 9 6 15
7.1. Nutritional Value of Fruits
7.2. Social and Economic Value of Fruit Crops
7.3. Propagation
7.3.1. Layering
7.3.2. Grafting
71
7.3.3. Budding
7.3.4. Specialized Vegetative Structures
Topic Eight: Introduction to Vegetable Crops 6 3 9 10 19

Production
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Production of Vegetable in Ethiopia
8.3. Per capita Production and Expenditure of
Vegetables in Ethiopia
8.4. Food values of Vegetables
8.5. Need for Vegetables Production in Ethiopia
8.6. Current Issues (thrusts) in Vegetable Industry
8.7. Types of Vegetable Growing (gardening)
8.8. Vegetable Seeds and Seed Growing
Total Cr. Hrs 48 15 63 66 126
Practical Work
Group Assignment 1. Students will be grouped into four. Each group will submit different plant/crop
parts for each classification.
Individual Assignment 1. Each student will be responsible to identify seed sample of the 8 cereals, 5
legumes 2 oil crops and two root/tuber crops
Group Assignment 2. There will be 5 students in each group. Each group will be assigned to a piece
of land on which they will do all (except site selection and harvesting) the agronomic/cultural
practices of 2 cereals and 2 legumes of their choice.
Individual Assignment 2. Based on Group Assignment 2, each student is expected to differentiate
seedling s of the crops he/she used.
Field trip to fruit and vegetable farms and processing industries
Fruit and vegetable grading, packaging and storage techniques
Assessment
Practical Assignment ………………20
Quiz……………………….10
Test………………………..20
Final Exam…………………………….50%
Reference
Jackson IJ. 1991. Climate, Water and Agriculture in the Tropics. Longman Scientific &Technical
Publishers. England
Martin, H.J. W.H. Leonard and D.L. Stamp. 2006. Principles of field crops production. 4th ed.
Macmillan Publishing Co., New York.
Onwueme i.C and Sinha T.D 1991. Field crop production in tropical Africa. CTA. The Netherlands
72
Pratley, J. (ed) 2003. Principles of Field Crop Production. 4th ed. Oxford University Press. Victoria,
Austerilia.
Purseglove, J.W. 1968 Tropical Crops: Dicotyledons, Longman Group Limited New York.
Purseglove, J.W. 1968. Tropical Crops: Monocotyledons.Longman Group Limited, New York. press
Ltd, England.
Samson, J.A. (1991) Tropical fruits. 2nd ed. Essex, England.
Jules Janic (1986). Horticultural science. W.H. Freeman and company. USA
Garner.R.J.,Chauhri.S.A., and CWBHPC (1988) The Propagation of Tropical Fruit Trees.
Common wealth Agriculutral Bureaux Farnham Royal, Slough, SL2, 3BN, England.
Rubatzky, V.E., M. Yamaguchi.1997. World Vegetables, Principles, Production, and Nutritive
Values, 2nded. International Thomson Publishing, New York.
Nakasone, H.Y., R.E. Paull.1999. Tropical Fruits. CAB International, New York.
Youdeowei, A., F.O.C. Ezedinma, O.C. Onazi.1995. Introduction to Tropical
Agriculture.Longman, London and New York.
Rehm,S., G. Espig.1991. The Cultivated Plants of Tropics and Subtropics. CTA, Verlag Josef
margrave, Germany.
Shewfelt R.L. and S.E. Prussia, 1993. Postharvest Handling: A System Approach. Academic
Press, Inc, London, 358p.
Wills, R., McGlasson, B, Graham, D., and D. Joyce, 1998. Postharvest: an Introduction to the
Physiology and Handling of fruit, vegetables and ornamentals, 4th ed. Hyde Park Press, Adelaide,
South Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia,262p.
3.17. Animal Production and Management (AnSc 251)
Course Description
The course aimed to introduce students with the basic concepts, potentials and contribution of
livestock and poultry production system and their management in Ethiopia. The course covers
the roles of farm animals in the Ethiopian agriculture, major aspects of nutrition, breeding, health
care, and housing and routine management aspects of tropical animals with major emphasis on
beef cattle, small ruminant, poultry, camel and bee keeping.
73
Course Objectives
Up on completion of this course, students should be able to:
 Demonstrate the basic skills of handling different farm practices in the Beef farm,
Dairy farm, Poultry farm, Bee, Swine farms and Small ruminants.
 Explain the basic concepts of livestock production and management;
 Explain the economic importance of the livestock sub-sector in the Ethiopian
economy;
 Analyze the problems and opportunities in the livestock sector;
 Apply the management techniques of animal production and processing
Course title Animal Production and Management
Course code Ansc251
Cr.Hr. / ECTS 3 (2+1) /5
Pre-requisites None
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topics Contact hours Independent Total
Lecture Practical Sub- study hours
total
Topic One: Introduction 3 3 3 6
Topic Two: Dairy Cattle Production 9 3 12 10 22

2.1. Origin, Domestication, Population and
Distribution of Dairy cattle
2.2. Dairy Cattle Breeds
2.3. Dairy Cattle Production System
2.4. Feeding of Dairy cattle
2.5. Reproduction in Dairy Cattle
2.6. Dairy and Dairy product Marketing
74
2.7. Managements of Dairy Cattle
2.8. Constraints of Dairy Production
Topic Three: Beef Cattle Production 9 3 12 12 24
Distribution of Beef cattle
3.2. Beef Cattle Breeds
3.3. Beef Cattle Production System
3.4. Feeding of Beef cattle
3.5. Reproduction in Dairy Cattle
3.6. Beef Cattle and Beef Products Marketing
3.7. Managements of Beef Cattle 3.8. Constraints
of Beef Production
Topic Four: Sheep and Goats Production 9 3 12 20 32
Distribution of Shoats
4.1.1. Origin, Domestication, Population and
Distribution of Sheep
4.1.2. Origin, Domestication, Population and
Distribution of Goats
4.2. Sheep and Goats
4.2.1. Breeds of Sheep
4.2.2. Breeds of Goats
4.3. Shoats Production System
4.4. Feeding of Shoats
4.5. Reproduction in Sheep and Goats
4.6. Managements of Shoats
4.7. Constraints of Shoats Production
Topic Five: Poultry production and Hatchery 9 3 12 15 27
Management
5.1. Origin and classification of poultry
5.2. Poultry production systems in Ethiopia
5.3. Incubation and hatchery operation
75
5.4. Poultry houses
5.5. Poultry management
5.5.1. Brooder management
5.5.2. Grower management
5.5.3. Layer management
5.5.4. Broilers management
Topic Six: Apiculture 9 3 12 15 27
Total Credit Hrs 48 18 66 72 138

Assessment
Practical Assignment ………………20
Quiz……………………….10
Test………………………..20
Final Exam…………………………….50%
References
Maule, J.P., 1990.The cattle of the tropics. Melksham wilts. 219p
Jarrige, R., and Beranger, C., 1992. World Animal Science: Production-System Approach. A. Neimann-
Sorensen and D.E. Tribe (eds). Elsevier. Amsterdam. The Netherlands.
Barrett, M. z., and Larkin, P.J.1974. Milk and Beef Cattle Production in the Tropics.
Derek H. Goodwin, 1977. Beef Management and Production: A Practical Guide for Farmers and Students
Gerrard, Frank, 1971. Meat Technology.
Jarrige, R., and Beranger, C., 1992. World Animal Science: Production-System Approach. A. Neimann-
Sorensen and D.E. Tribe (eds). Elsevier. Amsterdam. The Netherlands.
Maule, J.P., 1990.The cattle of the tropics. Melksham wilts. 219p
Ensminger M.E. and Parker R.O., 1986. Sheep and goats Science.
Devendra C. Meleroy G. B., 1982. Sheep and goats production in the tropics.
Peacock C. and Melerory G.B. 1982. Goat production in the tropics
CAB international 1992. Manual of sheep production in the tropics.
Mowlen A. 1982. Goat farming.
Hart E. 1985. Sheep. A guide to management.
Mackenzie D. 1993. Goat husbandry
76
Payne, W.J.A, 1990. An introduction to Animal Husbandry in the tropics. 4th edition. Longman Scientific
and Technical. London, UK.
3.18. Sociology (Soci 261)
Course Descriptions
This course intends to help students understand the complex human behaviors. The course is
designed to give students basic knowledge about society in general and rural society in
particular. It helps students to conceptualize definitions; nature and scopes of sociology;
historical development and theories of sociology; the relationships between sociology and other
disciplines; society, culture, socialization and social movements .
Course objectives
After completing this course, students will be expected to:
 Explain the concepts of sociology and rural sociology
 Understand the nature, scope and importance of sociology
 Conceptualize the historical development and theories of sociology
 Understand the relationships between sociology and other disciplines
 Understand causes of theories of social change
 Explain socialization and social movements

Course Name Sociology
Course Code Soci 261
Target group Year II Semester I
Cr.Hr. / ECTS 2/3
Pre-requisites None
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
77
Topics Contact hours Suggested Total
Lecture Tutorial Practical Sub independent (Hrs)
total study
Topic one: Emergence of Sociology 4 4 6 10
1.1 Definition, scope and
importance of rural sociology
1.2 The development of sociology,
1.3 Importance/significances of
studying sociology
1.4 The major theoretical perspectives
in sociology
1.5 methods of sociological research
1.6 Definition of Rural Sociology?
1.7 Origins of Rural Sociology
1.8 Scope and Importance of Rural
Sociology
1.9 The Concept of Rural and
Difference between Rural and Urban
1.10 Rural-Urban Continuum Debate
Topic Two: Culture 8 6 12 15 27
2.1 The concept of culture
2.1 Characteristics of culture
2.3 universality, generality and
particularity of culture
2.4 cultural variation and change.
2.5 Attitudes toward Cultural Variation
2.5.1. Ethnocentrism
2.6.2. Cultural relativism
Topic Three: Social groups, 6 6 12 14 36
organizations and social networks
In rural societies
3.1 social groups and group processes
3.2 factors influencing group
interaction
3.3 social organization and social
networks
Topic Four: Social structure and 8 5 16 21 37
institutions of rural society
4.1 social stratification
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4.2Rural Social Institutions
4.2.1The Rural Family
4.2.2 Rural Religious Institutions
4.2.3. Rural School (Education)
4.2.4 Rural Leadership and political
Institutions
4.2.5 Rural economic institutions
Topic Five: Socialization 6 4 10 14 24
5.1 The concept of socialization
5.2 human biological bases for
socialization
5.4 Types and patterns of socialization
5.5 Agents of Socialization
5.6 Multiple and Contradictory
Influences of Socialization
Total Cr. Hrs. 32 21 53 81 134
Assessment
Case study ………………20
Quiz……………………….10
Test………………………..20
Final Exam…………………………….50%
Reference:
Smith,T and Zope,P(1970)Principles of Inductive Rural Sociology.Philadelphia:F.A Davis
Company
Hurd,Geoffery and others(1973)Human Societies: An Introduction to
Sociology.London:Routleage and Kegan Paul Ltd
Kon,I.S(ed)(1979)A History of Classical Sociology.Moscow:Progress Publishers
Lamm,RobertP.andSchaefer,Richard T.(1983)Sociology. New York:McGraw Hill
Lenski,Gerhard and Lenski,Jean(1982)Human Societies: An Introduction to Micro Sociology
(4thed).New York:McGraw Hill
Poostchi,Iraj(1986)Rural Development and Developing Countries:An Interdisciplinary
Introductory Approach.Canada:The Alger Press Ltd
79
Raj,Hans(1987)Introduction to Sociology with Objective Questions(2nded)New Delhi:Surjeet
Publications
Maxwell, Milton A,Sutherland,RobertL.and Wood Ward Julian L.(1961)Introductory Sociology
(6thed).Chicago:J.B.Lippincott Company
Schaefer,Richard T.(2000)Sociology:A Brief Introduction(3rded).Boston:McGraw Hill
3.19. Inclusiveness (SNIE 212)
Course Description
Special needs education refers to people with divers‟ disabilities, gifted and talented, and divers‟
population being at risk of education and development. As per the institutional reform that is
focusing on enhancing development for all population, the field of inclusive education is taking
center stage in institutional planning and improvement. This course introduces the process of
achieving inclusion with all appropriate accessibility and established support system at
institutional level.
In this course, the higher education students will learn how to assess, understand and address the
needs of persons with disabilities and provide relevant support or seek extra support form
experts. He/she also learns how to adapt and implementing services for an inclusive environment
that aimed to develop holistic development such as affective, cognitive and psychosocial skills of
the population with disabilities. Identification and removal/management of environmental
barriers would find a crucial place in the course. The students learn how to give more attention
and support for students with; hearing impairments, visual impairment, deaf-Blind, autism,
physical and health impairments, intellectually challenged, emotional and behavior disorders,
learning difficulty, communication disorders, gifted and talented student, and those at risk due to
different reason (population who are environmentally and culturally deprived, abused, torched,
abandoned, and orphaned and vulnerable..etc). All University students will be given the chance
to study the specific developmental characteristics of each group of students with disabilities and
come up with appropriate intervention strategies in inclusive settings of their respective
professional environment and any development settings where all citizens are equally benefited.
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Learning Outcomes:
The goal of this course is to provide the tools and strategies that help to create a convenient
environment that accommodates population with divers‟ disabilities and potential. This course
encourages exploring the benefits of collaborating with colleagues to design and implement
inclusion an all sphere of life. It also guides the discovery of ways to modify environment as well
as services and practices to meet the needs of all persons with disabilities in inclusive
environment.
As a result of reviewing various reading materials, completing the assignments, engaging in

related discussions, and strongly workings on activities, towards the completion of the course,
the University students of all fields in Ethiopia will be able to:
 Aware the needs of people with special needs, their potential and include all aspects of
developmental needs
 Identify population with special needs, their potentials and the learning and working
styles of all population with special needs in their environment.
 Demonstrate desirable attitude towards all population with special needs in their learning,
working and living environment
 Apply various assessment strategies for evidence-based planning to meet their needs
 Attempt to adapt environments they are working and living in according to the need and
potential of the population with special needs
 Develop an accommodative and inclusive attitude help to think for the wellbeing and
development of population with special needs.
 Identify and select appropriate support and services method that addresses the life needs
of population with special needs individually and on group bases.
 Collaborate with experts and relevant others for the life success of all persons with
disabilities in all environments.
 Create and maintain successful inclusive environment
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Course Title Inclusion in Education and Development
Course Code SNIE????
Pre-requisites
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
hrs. Tutorial total
Topic One: Understanding students with 10 10 6 16
diverse needs/special needs
1.1. Overview of students with various special
needs;
1.2 Theoretical models such as the right model,
medical model and social model of special needs
and its relevance.
1.3 Educational of students with various special
needs.
1.4 Attitudinal barriers and means to enhance
awareness among the community members and
political leaders.
1.5 The relationship between Poverty and
Disability
1.6 Planning effective development of population
with special needs in inclusive settings
Topic Two: Understanding Inclusion 8 8 6 14
2.1. Definition of inclusive environment and the
support system
2.2. Elements of Inclusive environment
2.3. Characteristics of inclusive environment
2.4. Special needs population‟s right in the
inclusive environment
2.5. Benefits and Challenges of Inclusion
2.6. Strategies in addressing individual needs.
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2.7. Policies, legislations, strategies, legal
framework and other related documents.
Topic Three: Identification of Population with 5 5 10 15

Special Needs
3.1. Development of checklists for identification of
various difficulties.
3.2. Procedure of identification
3.3. Identifying learners needs, potentials and
difficulties in learning
Topic Four: Assessment in special needs 5 5 10 15
4.1. Strategy and procedure to develop
assessment instrument.
4.2. Relevant components of assessment
instrument.
4.3. Progressive assessments
4.4.Portfolios
4.5.Implication of assessment
Topic Five: Differentiated Services for 5 5 10 15
Populations of Special needs
5.1. Content-specific resources for students
5.2. Instructional technology
5.3. Individualized service plan
5.4. Interdisciplinary individualized services plan
teams
5.5. Curriculum enrichment
5.6. The role and responsibilities of a general
education teacher in the
5.7. Implementation of the individualized
services
5.8. Planning group intervention
Topic Six: Promoting Positive Behaviors 5 5 14 19

Institution-wide
6.1. Behavior management modifications
6.2. Classroom management for inclusive
environment
6.3. Social relationships and collaboration in an
inclusive environment
Topic Seven: Resources for the Inclusive 5 5 15 20
environment
7.1. Modification of environment and materials
7.2. Adapting learning and working process
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according to the needs
7.3. Identifying human material and other
resources that help inclusive environmental
activities.
7.4. Accessing adapted technologies
7.5. Accessing communication through various
means such as Sign Language
Topic Eight: Collaborative Partnerships with 5 5 8 13
stakeholders
8.1. Collaboration to successfully move towards
inclusion
8.2. Planning Inclusive development in all sectors
8.3. Implementing inclusive
8.4. Individualized support as per the law, policies
and directives
8.5. Evaluation and monitoring
Total Hours 48 48 80 128
Assessment
Assignment…………....20%
Overall Performance…..10%
Test……………………20
Final exam…………….50%
References
Alemayehu Teklemariam and Temsegen Fereja (2011). Special Need Education in Ethiopia:
Practice of Special Needs Education around the World. Washington: Gallaudet
University Press.
Alemayehu Teklemariam (2019). Inclusive Education in Ethiopia: WILEY and
Blackwell: Singapore
A Teachers Guide (2001). UNESCO. Inclusive Education and Classroom Practice in Secondary
Education (2004).
Berit H. Johanson and Alemayehu Teklemariam (2006). Towards Special Needs Education as a
University Discipline: An Important step on the way to Education for All. In When All
Means All. Hakapaino Oy: Helsinki
84
Tirussew Teferra and Alemayehu Teklemariam (2007). Including the Excluded: Integrating
disability into EFA Fast Track Initiative Process and National Education Plans in
Ethiopia. World Vision
MOE (2007). School Improvement Program
MOE (2010). Special Needs Program strategies implementation guide.
MOE (Ministry of Education). (2006). Special Needs Education Program Strategy. Addis
Ababa
Understanding and responding to children‟s need in inclusive classroom (2010).
www.european-agency.org
ዓለማየሁ ትክለማርያም (2009). በመተባበር መማር፡- አንድ ለሁሉም፣ ሁሉም ለአንድ፣ አዲስ አበባ፡-
ፋርኢስት አታሚ
ዓለማየሁ ትክለማርያም (2011). አካቶ ትምህርት ለምን፣ምን፣ለነማን እንዴት፤ አዲስ አበባ፡-ፋርኢስት
አታሚ
3.20. Microeconomics-II (AgEc 212)
Course Description
This course is a continuation of Microeconomics I and requires successful completion of

Microeconomics I. It introduces students to features of monopolistic competitive market
structure; features of oligopolistic market structure; equilibrium price and output determinations
under monopolistic competitive and oligopoly models; factor prices and income determinations;
why market fails and the role of governments; game theory and strategic behavior; and
introduction to general equilibrium and welfare economics.
Course Objectives
The aim of this course is to acquaint students with key features of monopolistic competitive and
oligopolistic market structures; how equilibrium prices and outputs are determined under
monopolistic competitive and oligopolistic market structures. It also helps students to determine
factor prices under both perfect and imperfect markets. Further, it is designed to helps students to
85
know why markets fail and how government reacts; basic concepts of game theory; and basic
concepts of general equilibrium and welfare economics.
After completing this course, students will be able to:
 Understand basic features of monopolistic competitive market
 Understand different models of oligopolistic market
 Determine factor prices under perfect and imperfect market structures
 Understand elasticities of input substitutions, technological progress and income
distributions
 Understand why market fails and how government reacts
 Understand the concepts of game theory and its application in strategic behavior
 Understand basic concepts of general equilibrium and welfare economics
Course Name Microeconomics-II
Curse Code AgEc 212
Credit Hours/ECTS 3/5
Prerequisites Microeconomics-I (AgEc 211)
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
Topic One: Monopolistic Competitive Market 9 2 11 27 38
Structure
1.1. Review of market structures
1.2. Introduction and basic features of
monopolistic competitive market
1.3. Product differentiation and the demand
curve
1.4. The concept of product group and industry
1.5. Short run equilibrium of monopolistic
competitive market
86
1.6. Long run equilibrium of monopolistic
competitive market
1.6.1. Equilibrium with new firms entering the
product group
1.6.2. Equilibrium with price competition
1.6.3. Equilibrium though price competition and
free entry
1.6.4. Excess capacity, mark up and welfare
loss in monopolistic competition
Topic Two : Oligopoly Market Structure 12 3 15 36 51
2.1. Introduction and basic features of oligopoly
2.2. Non-collusive oligopoly
2.2.1. Cournot model
2.2.2. Kinked demand curve model
2.2.3. Bertrand duopoly model
2.2.4. Stackelberg Model
2.3. Collusive oligopoly
2.3.1. Cartel
2.3.2. Price leadership
Topic Three: Factor Prices and Income 12 3 15 36 51
Determinations
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Factor pricing in perfectly competitive market
3.2.1. Demand of a firm for a single variable
factor in short run: labor
3.2.2. Demand of a firm for several variable
factors: labor and capital
3.2.3. The market demand for a factor
3.2.4. Individual supply of labor
3.2.5. Market supply of labor
3.2.6. Equilibrium price and employment of
labor
3.3. Factor pricing in imperfectly competitive
markets
3.3.1. Monopolistic power in the product and
perfect competitive in factor market
3.3.2. Monopolistic market in the output and
monopsony in factor market
3.3.3. Bilateral monopoly
3.3.4. Competitive buyer and monopoly union
(labor union)
3.4. The elasticity of input substation, technological
progress and income distribution
3.4.1. The elasticity of input substitution and the
87
shares of factors of production
3.4.2. Technological progress and income
distributions
Topic Four: Market Failure and the Role of 3 3 9 12
Government
4.1. Concepts of market failures
4.2. Why market fails and the role of governments
4.2.1. Imperfect competitions
4.2.2. Externalities
4.2.3. Public goods
4.2.4. Imperfect information
Topic Five: Game Theory 6 2 8 18 26
5.1. Game theory and strategic behavior: concepts
and definitions
5.2. Dominant strategy and Nash equilibrium
5.3. Prisoners‟ dilemma
5.4. Mixed strategies and Nash equilibrium
5.5. Repeated games
5.6. Sequential games
Topic Six: General Equilibrium and Welfare 6 - 6 18 24
Economics
6.1. Introduction to general equilibrium
6.2. Introduction to welfare economics
Assessment
Work sheet and assignment ….15
Quiz…………………………...5
Mid Exam……………………..30
Final Exam…………………………….50%
Suggested References
Hal Varian. 2005. Intermediate Microeconomics, A modern Approach 7th Edition
David Besanko and Ronald R. Braeutigam. 2011. Microeconomics 4th edition
Robert S. Pindyck and Daniel L. Rubenfield. 1995. Microeconomics 3rd edition
Geoffery A. Jehle and Phlip J. Reny. 2011. Advanced Microeconomic Theory 3rd edition
3.21. Macroeconomics-I (AgEc 222)
Course Description
Macroeconomics I (AgEc222) is a three credit hours course and it is expected to be covered in

48 hours. This course begins by introducing students with the definition and elements of
Macroeconomics. This will be followed by a brief review of controversies in macroeconomics so
88
as to set the scene for issues that will be discussed in the rest of the course and in
Macroeconomics II. This will be started with discussion of Macroeconomic evolution. Then, the
course covers the issues of National Income Accounting, Economic Performance and Business
Cycle, aggregate demand and aggregate supply analysis, macroeconomic problems
(unemployment and inflation), and macroeconomic policies (fiscal and monetary policy).
Course objectives
The general objective of this course is to introduce students with the evolution of
macroeconomic ideas and policies over time and thereby create awareness about the functioning
of national economy. At the end of the course, students will be able to:
 Understand the Macroeconomics and its components
 Demonstrate an understanding of the schools of thoughts in Macroeconomics
 Describe the application of national income accounting system;
 Explain how aggregate variables are measured and related to each other
 Discuss how the equilibrium real GDP and price level determined from the interaction of
aggregate demand and supply curves
 Describe the major macroeconomic problems
 Derive demand and supply for labor from classical and Keynesian macroeconomic models
 Explain the major macroeconomic policies that government and monetary authorities apply
to stabilize the economy
Content Thematic Plan

Course Title Macroeconomics I
Course Code AgEc222
Pre-requisites None
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
89
Lecture Practical/ Sub- study
hrs. Tutorial total
1. Introduction 3 0 3 9 11
1.1. Concepts and Definition of Macroeconomics
1.2. Key elements of Macroeconomics
1.3. Macroeconomics schools of thoughts
1.3.1.Classical and neo-classical school of thought
1.3.2.Keynesian school of thoughts
1.3.3.New classical and New Keynesians
2. National Income Accounting 8 2 10 30 40
2.1. Definitions of National Income Accounting
2.2. The Basic Model: The Circular Flow Diagram
2.3. National Income Accounts‟ Measures
2.4. Approaches to national income accounting
2.4.1.Value added approach
2.4.2.Income approach
2.4.3.Expenditure approach
2.5. Limitations of GDP as a Measure of Welfare
2.6. Nominal GDP vs. Real GDP
2.7. GDP deflator and inflation rate
3. Economic Performance and Business Cycle 6 2 8 24 32
3.1. Definition and Concepts of Business Cycle
3.2. Phases of Business Cycle
3.3. Causes and Effects of business cycle
3.4. Theories of business cycle
3.4.1. Keynesian theory
3.4.2. Monetarist Theory of Business Cycle
3.4.3. Rational Expectation Theory
3.4.4. Real Business Cycle Theory (RBC)
3.4.5. Political Business Cycle
3.5. Forecasting Business Cycle: Indicator Forecasting
4. Aggregate Demand and Supply Analysis 8 2 10 30 40
4.1. Aggregate demand
4.1.1. Aggregate Demand curve
4.1.2. Changes in Aggregate Demand
4.2. Aggregate supply
4.2.1. Short run Aggregate Supply Curve
4.2.2. Long run Aggregate Supply Curve
4.2.3. Determinants of change in Aggregate Supply
4.2.4. Aggregate supply models
4.3. Macroeconomic equilibrium
5. Macroeconomic Problems 7 2 9 27 36
5.1. Unemployment
5.1.1. Definition and Measurement of
Unemployment
90
5.1.2. Types of Unemployment
5.1.3. Relationship between Unemployment and
Output
5.1.4. Labour Market Equilibrium
5.1.5. Labour supply and Business Cycle
5.2. Inflation
5.2.1.Concepts and Definition of Inflation
5.2.2.Price indexes
5.2.3. Causes and Consequences of Inflation
5.3. Relationship between Unemployment and
Inflation Rates
5.4. Business Cycle Fluctuation
6. Macroeconomic Policies 6 2 8 24 32
6.1. Monetary Policy
6.1.1. Monetary policy tools
6.1.2. Monetary Policy and Aggregate Demand
6.2. Fiscal Policy
6.2.1. Changes in Government Purchases
6.2.2. Changes in Taxes
6.3. Stabilization Policy
Total hrs. 38 10 48 144 192
Assessment Methods
Assignments (Macroeconomic debates) 20%
Mid-exam 30%
Final examination 50%
Total 100%
References
Mankiw, N. G., 2016. Macroeconomics, 9th ed., Worth Publishing, U.S.A.
Mankiw, N. Gregory, 2000. "Macroeconomics," Worth Publishers, New York
Branson, W., 1989. Macroeconomic Theory and Practice. 3re ed., New York Harper and Row Publishers.
Dornbusch, R., S. Fischer and R. Startz, 2002. Macroeconomics, 8th ed., Tata McGraw-Hill Edition.
Dornbush, R., Fisher, S. , 1990. Macroeconomics. Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill
Jeffrey D. Sachs and Felipe Lаrrain B., 1993. Macroeconomics in the Global Economy, Prentice Hall,
Inc., first edition
Jerome Adda and Russell Cooper, 2003. Dynamic Economics (DE) by MIT Press.
Lars Ljungqvist and Thomas J. Sargent, 2004. Recursive Macroeconomic Theory (RMT) 2nd Ed., MIT
Press.
Michael Wickens, 2008. Macroeconomic Theory: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Approach (MT),
91
Princeton University Press.
Olivier Jean Blanchard and Stanley Fischer, Lectures on Macroeconomics, Prentice Hall of India vt. Ltd.,
New Delhi, 2000
Parkin, Michael, and Robin Bade, 2000. Macroeconomics. 4th ed. Toronto: Addison Wesley. Shapiro, E.,
2000. Macroeconomic Analysis 5th ed. Galgotia Publications Ltd.
3.22. Statistics for Economists (AgEc 232)
Course Description
The rationale for providing Statistics for Economists is to equip the students clearly understand
basic probability theory; discrete and continuous probability distribution; joint and conditional
probability distribution; sampling and sampling distribution; estimation and hypothesis testing.
The course is a very useful to agricultural economics students in their academic pursuit and a
prior knowledge of Statistics for Economists is essential for the students to comfortably
understand econometrics. Students are thus advised at the beginning to bear in mind the
integration between statistics and econometrics, which is offered in the following semester.
Course Objectives:
This course makes the students:
 understand the basic concepts of probability theory and distributions;
 know the various types of parameter estimation and hypothesis tests; and
 apply statistics in economic analysis and modeling.
Program/class year Agricultural Economics/ year two semester one
Course Name Statistics for Economists
Curse Code/Chr AgEc 232
Prerequisites Introduction to statistics (Stat221)
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
92
Lecture Seminar/ Sub- hours of hrs
Topics Tutorial total independent
study
One. Basic Probability Theory 6 6 18 24
1.1. Definitions of Probability
1.2. Axioms of Probability
1.3. Marginal probability
1.4. Conditional Probability
1.5. Joint probability
1.6. Bayes' Theorem
Two. Random Variables and Discrete 9 2 11 27 38
2.1. The Concept & Definition of a Random
Variables
2.2. Discrete Random Variables and their
2.1.1. Bernoulli Distributions
2.1.2. Binomial Distributions
2.1.3. Trinomial Distribution
2.1.4. Multinomial Distribution
2.1.5. Hypergeometric Distribution
2.1.6. Poisson Distribution
Three: Continuous Probability Distributions 9 2 11 27 38
3.1. Normal Distribution
3.2. t – Distribution
3.3. Exponential Distribution
3.4. Gamma (Erlang) Distribution
Four: Joint and Conditional 6 2 8 18 26
4.1. Probability Distributions
Joint Distributions
4.2. Marginal Distributions
4.3. Conditional Distributions and
Independence
Five: Sampling and Sampling Distributions 5 5 15 20
5.1. Random Sample
5.2. Statistic and Sample Moments
5.3. Law of Large Numbers
5.4. Central Limit Theorem
5.5. Sampling from Bernoulli and Poisson
Distributions
5.6. Sampling from a Normal Distribution
Six: Estimation 5 2 7 15 22
6.1. Basic Concepts of Estimation
93
6.2. Methods of Point Estimation
6.3. Desirable Properties of Estimators
6.4. Interval Estimation
6.5. Estimation with small and large samples
Seven: Hypothesis Testing 5 2 7 15 22
7.1. Concept of index number
7.2. Characteristics of index Number
7.3. Use of index number
7.4. Problem related to index number
7.5. Classification of index number
7.6. Methods of constructing index numbers
Eight: Index Number 3 3 9 12
8.1. Concept of index number
8.2. Characteristics of index Number
8.3. Use of index number
8.4. Problem related to index number
8.5. Classification of index number
8.6. Methods of constructing index numbers
Assessment
Students will be graded on the basis of their performance in the following way:
 Group assignments = 20%
 Mid exam = 30%
 Final Examination = 50%
Course delivery methods
The course material will be delivered through lectures, guided reading assignments, and
homework assignments. The course will comprise of 3 credit hours. There will be 3 contact
hours per week and a minimum 3 hours of independent study for each contact hour of a
lecture.
Text Books/References:
Mood, A.M., F.A. Graybill and D.C. Boes (1988). Introduction to the Theory of Statistics, 3rd
ed., McGraw-Hill.
Miller, I. and M. Miller (2002). John E. Freund‟s Mathematical Statistics, 6th ed., Delhi:
Pearson.
Freund, J.E. and G.A. Simon (1992). Modern Elementary Statistics, 8th ed., New Jersey:
Prentice-Hall.
Hooda, R. P. (2003). Statistics for Business and Economics, 3rd ed., New Delhi: Macmillan.
Freund, J.E. and R.E. Walpole (1987). Mathematical Statistics, 5th ed., New Delhi: Prentice
Hall.
Hays, W.L (1994). Statistics, 5th ed., Florida: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.
94
Hoel, P.G. (1984). Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, 5th ed.
3.23. Introduction to Agricultural Extension (RDAE 242)
Course Descriptions
This course introduces students to the basic concepts of agricultural extension and rural
development; philosophy and principles of agricultural extensions; history of agricultural
extensions; role of agricultural extension in rural development; extension programme
development; implementation and evaluations; extension approaches for technology adoption
and diffusion of technology; challenges of agricultural extension policies with special emphasis
on extension policies in Ethiopian context.
Course objectives
The aim of this course is to acquaint students with the basic concepts of agricultural extension
and role of agricultural extension in agricultural technology adoptions.
After completing this course, students will be expected to:
 Understand concepts of agricultural extension and philosophy and principles of
agricultural extension
 Understand history of agricultural extension and the role of extension in agricultural
technology adoption and diffusion of technology
 Understand techniques of agricultural extensions
 Identify and analyse problems related to agricultural extension policies in Ethiopia
Course Name Introduction to Agricultural Extension
Course Code RDAE 242
Prerequisite
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Email
95
Tutor Email
Consultation hours
Lecture days /Hours
Lecture Tutorial Sub independe (Hrs)
Practical total nt study
Topic One: The History, Development, and Future 4 4 6 10
of Agricultural Extension
1.1. The history of extension
1.2. The future
1.3. Extension terminology & evolving definitions
1.4. Communication processes within extension
systems
1.5. Paradigms of agricultural extension4
Topic Two: Extension Approaches 4 4 10 14
2.1. Extension goals
2.2. Alternative ways of organizing extension
2.2.1. General Clientele Approaches
2.2.2. Extension to Selected Clientele
2.3. Present and future role of extension staff
Institutions
Topic Three: Extension Strategies 4 4 12 16
3.1. Definition
3.2. Components Of Extension Strategie
3.2.1 Extension Objectives
3.2.2. Identification Of Clegories
3.2.3. Formulating Extension Strategies
3.2.4. Selecting Appropriate Extension Method
Topic Four : Diffusion and adoption of innovation 4 4 6 10
4.1 Definition
4.1. Innovation and diffusion of innovation
4.2. The adoption process
4.3. Characteristics of social system of adoption
4.4. Adoption category
Topic Five : Extension & Extension Education 4 4 10 14
5.1. Extension and Government policy
5.2. Objectives of Extension Organization
5.3. The role of Agricultural Extension Services in the
AKIS
5.4. Models of Research-Extension Linkage
5.5. Extension Education
Topic Six:- Extension Methods and Methods of 4 4 15 19
Influencing Human Behavior
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6.1. Classification of extension methods
6.1.1. According to Use
6.1.2. According to Form
6.2. Perception, Attitude and Decision Making
6.2.1. Perception
6.2.2. Attitude
6.2.3. Decision Making
6.3. Methods of Influencing Human Behavior
6.4. Designing Effective Extension Messages
Topic Seven:-Participatory Extension Approach 4 4 8 12

7.1. What is Participation?
7.2. Why Should Farmers Participate
7.3. Who will participate?
7.4. When to Improve Participation Approach
Topic Eight:-Challenges for Agricultural Extension 4 4 10 14
Policies
8.1. Challenges for Farmers and agriculture at large
8.2. Reinventing Extension
8.3. In conclusion: a new societal for Extension
Total Credit Hours: 32 32 77 109
Assessment:
Students will be graded on the basis of their performance in the following way:
 Group assignments = 20%
 Mid exam = 30%
Final Examination = 50%
References
W. Van Den Ban & H.S. Hawkins (Agricutural) Exension Particularly In Extension
Methods Areas)
Jon Moris ( Extension Alternatives In Tropical Africa Particularly In Exte Nsion
Approaches Areas)
Daniel B. & Baxter (Particularly In T&V Extesion System)
3.24 Natural Resource Management (NRM252)
Course description:
97
This course covers the concept and types of various natural resources and management
perspective of basic natural resources. The course will deliver major factors leading to natural
resource degradation and the consequence of due to degradation of natural resources. The course
also covers causal relationship between human development and natural resource/environmental
degradation. Population growth vs environment, poverty versus environment will be
systematically delivered to students. New paradigm to sustainable natural resource management
to tackle the impact of population growth, expansion of agricultural land and insatiable farming
system on land and water resource, environment, ecosystem intended to be covered in this course
as well. Finally, the course introduces students with the natural resource base in Ethiopia and
how ill management of resources resulted in soil erosion, nutrient depletion, low crop yield and
low level of living.
Course objectives:
At the end of the course students will able to:
 understand about environment and natural resource base of the country
 understand the basic driving factors of environmental/ natural resource degradation
 understand the concept of natural resources and their management systems
 know the relationship between poverty, population growth and environment
 develop understanding of concepts of natural resources conservation
 Introduce the new paradigm of sustainable natural resource management
 understand global environmental change
Course Name Natural Resource Management
Course Code NARM 252
Pre-requisites None
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
98
Consultation hours
total study
3.25 Farm Power and Machinery (AgEn262)
Course Descriptions
This course briefly exposes students to the basic principles of agricultural mechanization: design
and construction of farm machinery; power transmission and lubrication; tillage history and
requirements, objectives; primary tillage implements, secondary tillage implements, Planting
machinery, fertilizer applicators, chemical applicators, weeders; harvesting and threshing
equipment; selection and management of farm machinery, estimation of cost and performance of
farm machinery, handling and maintenance of farm machinery.
Course Objectives
After successful completion of this course, students should be able to:
 Identify need for appropriate equipment for different agricultural activities
 Determine power required for specific operation
 Determine means of varying power based on need
 Preparing feasible machinery management programs
 Make decision regarding owning or depending on other means of machinery use
(lease, custom hire….)
 Understand matching tractor and implements
Course Name Farm Power and Machinery
Course Code AgEn262
Pre-requisites None
99
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
total study
Topic One: Concepts of Agricultural 3 3 3 6
mechanization
1.1. Definition,
1.2. history,
1.3. levels,
1.4. objectives, benefits, limitations
1.5. status of agricultural mechanization
Topic Two: Farm machinery 2 2 6 8
2.1. Definition,
2.2. Basic principles (Force, work, power),
materials of construction, sources of power
(Internal Combustion Engine
Topic Three: Transmission of power 3 1 4 8 12
Importance
3.1. Objectives
3.2. Methods
3.2.1. Direct drive pulleys & belts,
3.2.2. Sprocket & chain
3.2.3. Gears
3.2.4. Lubrication
Topic Four: Tillage 4 2 6 10 16
4.1. Introduction,
4.2. Primary tillage equipment
4.2.1. Mold board
4.2.2. Disc
4.2.3. Rotary
4.2.4. Chisel
100
4.2.5. Subsoile
4.3. Secondary tillage equipment
4.3.1. Harrows
4.3.2. Cultivators
4.4. Methods of ploughing with a tractor
Topic Five: Planting equipment 4 2 15
6 2
5.1. Definition 4 2 6 21
5.2. Planting methods
5.3. Classification of planting machinery
5.4. Functional requirements &
components of planting machinery
5.5. metering & metering devices
5.6. calibration
Topic Six: Fertilizer and chemical 3 1 4 12 16
applicators
6.1. Broadcaster
6.2. Granular
6.3. Liquid fertilizer applicators
6.4. Sprayers & dusters
Topic Seven: Harvesters & threshers 3 1 4 8 12
7.1. Harvesting
7.2. Harvesting methods and equipment
7.2.1. Mower
7.2.2. Balers
7.3. Threshing and threshing equipment
components
7.4. Combine harvester
Topic Eight: Estimation of cost of farm 3 3 6 9
machinery
8.1. Fixed and variable costs
8.2. Timelines cost
8.3. Cost per hours of operation
101
8.4. Cost per area covered
Topic Nine: Selection & management of 4 2 6 10 16
farm machinery
9.1. Machine performance
9.2. Capacity estimation
9.2.1. Field capacity
9.2.2. Material capacity
9.3. Machinery management: owning or
hiring?
9.4. Fitting capacity to time available
9.5. Estimation of power
Topic Ten: Handling and maintenance 4 2 6 6 12
of farm machinery
10.1. Definition
10.2. Objectives
10.3. Approaches of maintenance and
repair
10.4. Strategies for extending machinery
life
Total Credit Hours 32 12 44 84 128
Assessment
Continuous
assessments……………...50%
Practical Assignment
………………20
Quiz……………………….10
Test………………………..20
Final
Exam…………………………….50%
3.26 Gender and Youth in Development (RDAE 272)
Course description
102
This study equips learners to incorporate the concepts of gender in Agricultural Economics. It
focuses on issues related to the impact of Agricultural interventions specifically on women and
youth, understanding women‟s and youth position, how changes in the economic aspect of the
agriculture might affect gender inequality, and the main constraints for women and youth in
terms of gaining from participation. It discusses how different national and worldwide policies
and goals are directing both development organizations and private firms to improve women and
youth positions in the economic development of the sector.
Course Objective
 Understand the concept of gender and youth in line with Agricultural Economics
 Analyze gender and youth roles, position and equity in Agricultural Economics
 Explain gender analysis frameworks/tools
 Mainstream gender and youth in Agricultural Economics
 Explain policy concerns in relation to gender and youth

Course Name Gender and Youth in Development
Course Code RDAE 272
Credit Hours/ ECTS 2/3
Pre-requisites None
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
total study
Topic One: Concept of Gender 6 6 10 16
Gender’ and its difference from ‘Sex’
1.2 Gender Division of Labor
(GDoL)
1.2.1 Triple roles of gender
1.2.2 Practical & Strategic Gender
103
Needs/ Interests (PGN & SGN)
1.3 Policy Approaches to Women
1.3.1 WID – Women in
Development approach/movement
1.3.2 GAD – Gender and
Development approach/movement
1.4 Critical areas of concern/
intervention for women in development
worldwide
1. 4.1 Global History of women‟s
movement
1.4.2 National Context for Gender
Issues
1.4.3 Gender related problems in
Ethiopia
Topic Two: Gender Analysis 6 6 12 18
Frameworks/Tools
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Gender Analysis Frameworks
(GAF)
2.3 The Harvard Gender Analytical
Framework
2.4 The Moser Gender Analytical
Framework
Topic Three: Women & Men 6 6 10 16
Farmers in Rural Development
The need to work with both men &
women farmers
3.2 Barriers to women‟s
involvement in extension
3.3. Difficulties faced by Rural
Development workers in reaching
women farmers
3.4 Developing Appropriate
Extension Packages for Women
3.5 Contacting rural women
3.6 Mobilizing women groups for self-
help development
104
3.7 Policy Related Issues for Rural
Women
Topic Four: Empowerment of women 4 4 8 12
4.1 Concept of empowerment
4.2 Economic empowerment of women
4.3 Social Empowerment
Topic Five: Rural Youth in 4 4 8 12
Agricultural Rural Development
5.1 Who are the rural youth?
5.2 Common problems faced by
rural youth world-wide
5.3 Rural Youth in Extension
5.4 Attempts made to organize the
rural youth in Ethiopia
Topic Six: Leadership for 6 6 12 18
Development
6.1. Introduction
6.2 Qualifications for lay leaders
6.3 Methods of selecting lay leaders
6.4 Opinion Leadership
6.5 Opinion leader ship
6.6 Theories of leadership
6.7 Style of leadership
Total Credit Hours 32 32 60 92
Assessment:
Continuous assessment 50%.
Each assessment not greater than 15%
Final exam 50%
References
Bruce, J., 1989, „Homes Divided‟, World Development, Vol.17, No.7, pp979-991, Pergamon Press
Evans, A., 1991, „Gender issues in rural household economics‟, IDS Bulletin, Vol.22, No.1,
Institute of Development Studies, Brighton
Byrne, B., and Koch-Laier, J., with Baden, S., and Marcus, R., 1996, „National machineries for women in
development: experiences, lessons and strategies for institutionalising gender in development
policy and planning‟, BRIDGE Report, No.36, Institute of Development Studies, Brighton
Bloomington, Indiana University Press Moore, H. 1994, A Passion for Difference, Cambridge, Polity
Oxfam, 1995, „Women and Culture,‟ Gender and Development, Oxfam Journal, Vol.3, No.1,
February, Oxfam, Oxford
105
Bunch, C., and Carrillo, R., Gender Violence: A Development and Human Rights Issue, Center for
Women‟s Global Leadership.
Development Assistance Committee (DAC), 1998, „Gender, Equality and Culture‟, in DAC Source Book
on Concepts and Approaches linked to Gender Equality, OECD, Paris
Development, ol.23, No.11, pp2001-04 Kandiyoti, D., 1998, „Gender, power and contestation: rethinking
bargaining with patriarchy‟, in Jackson, C., and Pearson, R., (eds.), 1998, Feminist Visions of
Development: Gender Analysis and Policy, Routledge, London.
Mohanty, C. (1991) „Under Western Eyes. Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourse‟ in Mohanty, C.,
Russo, A. and L. Torres (eds.), 1991, Third World Women and the Politics of Feminism,
Nussbaum, M., and Glover, J., 1995, Women, Culture and Development: A Study of Human Capabilities,
Clarendon Press, Oxford.
The British Council, 1999, „Violence against Women: A briefing document on international issues and
responses‟, The British Council, London.
Heise, L., with Pitanguy, J., and Germain, A., 1994, „Violence Against Women: The hidden health
burden,‟ World Bank Discussion Paper, No.255, International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development, The World Bank, Washington D.C.
3.27 Mathematics for Economists (AgEc 311)
Course Description:
This course focuses on the mathematical methods and models that are required to understand
current economics and to investigate economic models. The purpose of this educational unit is to
expose students to the basic concepts and area of economic application of mathematics. It is
aimed to equip students with the basic mathematical tools and techniques that can be used for
solving and formulating business problems and for making business decisions (in market
equilibrium analysis and price determination, break-even and marginal analysis, investment
appraisal, optimization problems and determination of Producers‟ and Consumers‟ surplus).
Course Objectives:
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
 Apply linear and matrix algebras to economic problems
 Understand time value of money and calculate interest rates on investments, annuities, and
mortgage payments.
 Apply the univariate and multivariate differential calculus to solve economic relationships
106
 Apply integration rules on economic theories
 Apply the technique of unconstrained optimization in solving economic problems
 Solve constrained optimization problems using substitution, Lagrange Multiplier and Border-
Hessian determinant method

Course Name Mathematics for Economists
Course Code AgEc 311
Credit hours 4/7
Prerequisites
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
1.1 Mathematics as a language for Economists
1.2 Mathematical Economics: Basics and
Purposes
1.3 Economic Models
Topic two: Equations and Economic 6 2 8 15 23
Applications
2.1. Linear function
2.2. Economic applications of Linear function
2.3. Nonlinear functions
2.4. Economic applications of non-linear and
quadratic functions
2.5. Functions and curves in Economics
2.5.1. Modeling of supply and demand
analysis, market equilibrium, national
income determination
2.5.2. Modeling of revenue, cost and profit
Topic Three: Sequences, Series and 10 4 14 30 44
Mathematics of Finance
3.1 Sequence and Series
107
3.1. Arithmetic and geometric progressions
3.2 Interest Rates, Savings and Loans
3.3 Compounding and Discounting
3.4 Present Value and Investment appraisal
3.5 Annuities and Perpetuities
3.6 Mortgage Payments and Amortization
Topic Four: Limit 2 2 6 8
4.1 The concept of limit and rate of change
4.2 The limit theorem and evaluation of limits
Topic Five: Univariate Differential Calculus 8 4 12 20 32
and its applications
5.1 Definition of derivative and its basic rules
5.2 Economic applications of derivatives
5.2.1 Marginal analysis
5.2.2 Point price elasticity of demand
5.3 Relative maximum and minimum
5.3.1 First order derivative test for relative
extremum
5.3.2 Second order derivative test for relative
extremum
5.4 Further topics on Applications
5.4.1 Monotoncity
5.4.2 Concavity and convexity
5.4.3 Curve sketching
Topic Six: Multivariate Differential Calculus 10 4 14 25 39
and its applications
6.1 Partial Derivatives
6.2 Higher-order partial derivatives and Young‟s
Theorem
6.3 Total differential
6.4 Total derivatives
6.5 Economic applications of multivariate
calculus
6.5.1 Marginal analysis
6.5.2 Level curves and Rate of Substitutions
6.5.3 Homogeneity and Return to Scale
Topic Seven: Integral Calculus in Economics 6 2 8 12 20
7.1 Indefinite and Definite integrals
7.2 Fundamental rules of integration
7.3 Integration by substitution and by parts
7.4 Economic applications of integral calculus
7.4.1 Developing a total function from
marginal function
7.4.2 Investment capital formation
108
7.4.3 Consumer‟s and Producer‟s Surplus
Topic Eight: Matrix Algebra and its 8 3 11 20 31
applications
8.1 Application of Basic Matrix operations
8.2 Determinants and Inverse of a Matrix
8.3 Solving a system of linear economic
equations by Cramer‟s rule
Topic Nine: Optimization 12 5 17 36 53
9.1 Unconstrained optimization
9.1.1 Optimization with one any many
variables
9.1.2 Multi-product Monopolist
9.1.3 Cournot Duopoly Ignoring
Interdependence for Homogenous
Product
9.1.4 Joint Duopoly Assuming
interdependence
9.2 Constrained optimization
9.2.1 Constrained optimization with equality
and inequality constraints
9.2.2 Cost minimization and profit
maximization
9.2.3 Maximization of Logarithmic Utility
Function
Assessment
Continuous assessments…...50%
Assignment-I…...10
Assignment-II….10
Quiz………….….5
Mid Exam ……..25
References
Simon Carl P and Lawrence Blume.,1994. Mathematics for Economists. W.W.Norton.
Mike Rosser, 2003. Basic Mathematics for Economists, 2nd edition. Routledge.
Alpha Chiang and Kevin Wainwright, 2005. Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics,
4th edition, McGraw-Hill.
Ian Jacques, 2018. Mathematics for Economics and Business, 9th edition, Prentice Hall.
109
Sydsæter, Knut, Peter Hammond, Arne Strøm and Andrés Carvajal, 2016. Essential Mathematics
for Economic Analysis, 5th edition, Pearson.
Raymond A. Barnett, Michael R. Ziegler, Karl E. Byleen. 2011. Calculus for business,
economics, life sciences, and social sciences. 12th edition.
Teresa Bradley and Paul Patton, 2008. Essential Mathematics for Economics and Business, John
Wiley & Sons.
3.28 Macroeconomics II (AgEc 321)
Course description
Macroeconomics II (AgEc321) is a three credit hour course and it is expected to be covered in 48

hours. It is an extension of Macroeconomics I and focuses on advanced concepts in
macroeconomics. The course begins by introducing students with the equilibrium income
determination. This will be followed by consumption spending and related theories; investment
spending and saving and related theories and money market. The course also covers the issues of
product and money market models, the concepts of balance of payments and exchange rate and,
economic growth and development issues.
Course Objective
The main objective of this course is to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of
Macroeconomic concepts, Theories and their applications. After successful completion of this
course, students will be able to:
 Explain how equilibrium income is determined
 Discuss the theories of consumption, investment and its effect on national income
determination.
 Explain the role of money in an economy
 Explain the IS and LM curves and how the monetary and fiscal policy instruments
stabilize the economy
 Describe balance of payment and types of exchange rates
 Explain growth and development issues in macroeconomics.
110
Course Title Macroeconomics II
Course Code AgEc321
Credits Hrs./ ECTS 3/5
Pre-requisites Macroeconomics I (AgEc222)
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic Contact hrs.
Lecture Practical/ Sub- Indepen Total
hrs. Tutorial total dent
1. Equilibrium Income Determination 3 1 4 12 16
1.1. The Components of income
1.2. Keynesian Cross and the Economy in
Equilibrium
1.3. Fiscal policy and Multipliers
1.3.1. Government Purchase multiplier
1.3.2. Tax multiplier
1.3.3. The Balanced Budget Multiplier
2. Consumption Spending 6 2 8 24 32
2.1. Definition and Concepts of Consumption
2.2. Theories of Consumption
2.2.1. Keynesian absolute income hypothesis
2.2.2. Relative Income hypothesis
2.2.3. Fisher‟s Intertemporal Model
2.2.4. Modegliani‟s Life-Cycle Hypothesis
2.2.5. Friedman‟s Permanent Income
hypothesis
111
3. Investment and Saving 6 2 8 24 32
3.1. Meaning of capital and investment
3.2. The Rationales and Decision Criteria for
Investment
3.3. Investment Demand and Saving Curve
3.4. Theories of Investment
3.4.1. Keynesian marginal efficiency of capital
(MEC)
3.4.2. Accelerator theory of investment
3.4.3. Internal fund theory of investment
3.4.4. Tobin q – theory of investment
3.4.5. Neo-classical theory of investment
3.5. Determinants of Investment in Less
Developed Countries
4. The Money Market 7 2 9 27 36
4.1. Types of Money
4.2. Money Supply
4.2.1.Components of money supply
4.2.2.Creation of money and banking system
4.2.3.A simple Model of Money Supply
4.2.4.Money supply, Near Money and Seigniorage
4.2.5.Income Velocity of Money and Quantity
Theory
4.3. Demand for Money
4.3.1.Major functions of money
4.3.2.Theories of demand for money
4.4. Money Market Equilibrium
5. Product and Money Market Model 8 2 10 30 40
5.1. The product market- the IS curve
5.1.1. Deriving the IS curve
5.1.2. Fiscal Policy and the IS Curve
5.2. The money market- the LM curve
5.2.1. Deriving the LM curve
5.2.2. Monetary Policy and the LM Curve
5.3. Equilibrium in the goods and money markets:
IS-LM (closed economy model)
5.4. Equilibrium in the goods and money markets:
IS-LM (Open economy model)
112
6. Balance of Payment and Exchange Rate 5 1 6 18 24
6.1. Balance of payment
6.1.1. Concepts and components of Balance of
Payment
6.1.2. Balance of payments settlement and
adjustment
6.1.3. Balance of Payments and Economic Policy
6.2. Exchange rate
6.2.1. Fixed exchange rate
6.2.2. Flexible exchange rate
7. Economic Growth and Development 3 0 3 9 12
7.1. Meanings of Economic growth and
development
7.2. Measurements of Economic Development
7.3. Characteristics of Underdeveloped
Economies
Total hrs. 38 10 48 144 192
Assessment Methods
Assignments (Macroeconomic debates) 20%
Mid-exam 30%
Total 100%
References
Mankiw, N. G., 2016. Macroeconomics, 9th ed., Worth Publishing, U.S.A.
Mankiw, N. Gregory, 2000. "Macroeconomics," Worth Publishers, New York
Dornbush, R., Fisher, S., 1990. Macroeconomics. Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill
Jeffrey D. Sachs and Felipe Lаrrain B., 1993, Macroeconomics in the Global Economy, Prentice-
Hall, Inc., first edition
Jerome Adda and Russell Cooper, 2003, Dynamic Economics (DE), MIT Press.
Lars Ljungqvist and Thomas J. Sargent, 2004. Recursive Macroeconomic Theory (RMT) 2nd
Ed., MIT Press
Michael Wickens, 2008. Macroeconomic Theory: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Approach
(MT) Princeton University Press
Olivier Jean Blanchard and Stanley Fischer, 2000, Lectures on Macroeconomics, Prentice Hall
of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
Parkin, Michael, and Robin Bade, 2000. Macroeconomics. 4th ed. Toronto: Addison Wesley
113
Shapiro, E., 2000. Macroeconomic Analysis 5th ed. Galgotia Publications Ltd.
3.29. Farm Management (AgEc 331)
Course Description
Farm management as a subject matter is the application of agricultural science, business and
economic principles in farming from the point of view of an individual farmer. The principles
may serve as a guideline for collecting and using requisite information for rational decision
making. The course is intended to equip students with basic tools used for making decisions on
farm management contexts and the tools required in managing the organization and operation of
a firm for continuous profits and efficiency. Tasks included in this course are: the nature,
objectives, and importance of farm management, farm management problems, production
relationships in farming, economic principles applied to farm management, farm planning and
budgeting, farm accounts and records, risk management in farm business and management of
main farm resources.
Course Objectives:
By the end of this course, students are expected to:
 Apply management science and economics tools to solve farm related problems,
 Analyze farm business investment opportunities for effective farm planning,
 Apply farm planning and budgeting techniques in farm management decision-making,
 Identify various production relations in pursuit of optimal resources combination that
suites specific farm situation,
 Apply economic principles and theories for optimum resource allocation and utilization,
 Expect the various risks and device different methods to avoid and/or reduce impact of
risk and uncertainty in farm operations,
 Prepare farm plan and recommend on the feasible alternative activities.
114
course Name Farm Management
Curse Code AgEc 331
Prerequisites Microeconomics I and II
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
Topic One: Concepts of Farm Management and 4 4 12 16
Decision Making Definition and Scope
1.1. Preliminary Concepts
1.2. Nature and Characteristics of Farm
Management
1.3. Objectives and Scope of Farm
Management
1.4. Farm Management Problems in
Developing Countries
1.5. Characteristics of Farming as a Business
1.6. Farm Decision Making Process
Topic Two: Production Resources and 8 8 24 32
Management
2.1. Farm Resources
2.2. Rewards for using farm resources
2.3. Farm Resources Valuation
Topic Three: Analysis of Farm Records and 12 2 14 36 50
Accounts
3.2. Farm Records and Accounts
3.3. Measures of Financial Success and Capital
Position
Topic Four: Farm Planning and Budgeting 16 2 14 36 50
4.1. Farm Planning
4.2. Farm Budgeting and Types of Budget
4.3. Linear Programming
4.4. Risk and Uncertainty in Agriculture
Topic Six: Role of gender in Farm Business 8 4 16 20
and Its Management
6.1. Division of labor in farm production
6.2. Decision-making on farm production

115
Assessment
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam …..20
References
Cramer, G.L.; Jensen, C.W.; and Southgate, D.D. (1997) Agricultural Economics and
Agribusiness (7th edition). John Willy & Sons inc. New York
Halcrow, G. (1981) Eoconomics of Agriculture, International Student Edition. McGraw-Hill
international Book Company
Ronald D. Kay and William M. Edwards, 1999. Farm Management (4th edition). WCB/McGraw
Hill.
Tony Prato, 1998. Natural Resource and Environmetal Economics. Iowa State University Press,
Ames, USA.
V.T. Raju, & D.V.S. Rao (1990), Economics of Farm Production and Management, Oxford &
IBH publishing co., New Delhi, India
3.30. Research Methods for Agricultural Economics (AgEc 341)
Course Description
The aim of this course is to develop students' knowledge and understanding of quantitative and
qualitative research methods in Agricultural Economics. It offers basic concepts of research,
types of research and the importance of the research. It will introduce research problem and
problem identification techniques. The course among others describes theoretical underpinnings
of research and the philosophical foundation of quantitative and qualitative research paradigm.
Intellectual and methodological debates among research paradigm will be discussed. The course
equips students with the skill to review both theoretical and empirical literature that allow them
to conduct research in Agricultural Economics. In addition, designing different data collection
techniques, managing data and analyzing data are core to this course. Students will be equipped
with knowledge and skill to conduct original research work in Agricultural Economics.
116
Course Objectives
At the end of this course the students are able to:
 Define research and understand different types of research.
 Describe and compare different research paradigm based on their methodological
strength and weakness.
 Select and apply research paradigm in problems in Agricultural Economics.
 Critical review relevant literature in their field of study.
 Explain the relationship between theory and research process and the role of theory in
guiding practical research.
 Construct an effective data collection tools for both qualitative and qualitative research.

Course Name Research Methods for Agricultural Economics
Curse Code AgEc 341
Credit Hours 3/5
Prerequisites
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
study
Topic One Introduction to Research 8 3 11 24 35
1.1. Eaning, objectives, motive and relevance
of research
1.2. Importance of research for Agribusiness
mangers (for decision making)
1.3. philosophical behind research
1.4. Types of research
117
1.5. Research process (Is it difference in
qualitative and quantitative research?)
Topic Two: Problem Identification 2 1 3 6 9

2.1.Hat is the research problem?
2.1.1. Writing the research problem
2.2.Selecting researchable topic
2.3.Characteristics of research problem
2.4.Where to find research problem?
2.5.Steps in identifying research problem
Topic Three: Literature Reviews 2 3 5 6 11
3.1.Reading for Research in Agricultural
Economics
3.2.What does it mean to carry out a Review?
3.3.Importance, purposes, and Functions
3.4.Types of literature reviewing
Topic Four: Research Design 12 12 24 36 60

4.1.What is research design?
4.2.Importance of research design
4.3. Sampling design
4.4.Sample Size determination
4.5. Sampling methods
4.5.1. Non probability sampling (quota,
purposive, judgmental and
convenient sampling).
4.5.2. Probability sampling (simple
random sampling, stratified random
sampling, systematic sampling and
cluster random sampling).
Topic Five: Methods of Data Collection 8 6 14 24 38
5.1.Indicators and Variables
5.2.Measurement Scale
5.3.Types of data
5.4.Collection of Primary Data
5.5. Collection of Secondary Data
Topic Six: Processing and Analysis of Data and 12 15 27 36 63
Writing report
1.1. Data management
1.2. Quantitative analysis
1.2.1. Non–Parametric
1.2.2. Parametric Analysis
1.2.3. Hypothesis formulation and
118
Testing
1.3. Qualitative Analysis
1.4. Research report writing
Topic Seven: Proposal Writing 2 3 4 3 7
7.1. Meaning and purpose of proposal
7.2. Structure of a research proposal
7.3. Writing a successful research proposal
7.4 Common mistakes in writing proposal
Chapter Eight: Interpretation and Report writing
8.1. Purpose of Report Writing
8.2. Different Steps in Writing Report
8.3. Components of a research report
8.3.1. Abstracts, introduction, objective,
limitation & significance
8.3.2. Review of literature and methodology
8.4. Findings, conclusion, recommendations &
reference citation
Topic Nine: Introduction to Plagiarism 2 3 4 3 7
9.1. What is plagiarism?
9.2. Types of plagiarism.
9.3. Who plagiaries and why?
9.4. How to avoid plagiarism?
Assessment
Continuous assessments 65%
Article Review and Proposal Writing 20%
Continuous Assessment 25%
Midterm Exam 20%
Final Exam 35%
3.31. Ethiopian Economy (AgEc 351)
Course Description
The course is designed to provide students with structure of the national income and the national
income account of Ethiopia, recent performances of the different sectors in the Ethiopian
economy, the Ethiopian economy and different socio-economic conditions, import and export
performance, trade, financial sector and public finance, and contemporary development policies
in Ethiopia.
119
Course objectives
After successful completion of this course students will be able to:
 Explain the structure of the national income and national income account of Ethiopia
 Evaluate the performance of different sectors in the Ethiopian Economy
 Analyze the Ethiopian Economy and different socio-economic conditions
 Examine import and export performance
 Comprehend the situation of financial sector and public finance
 Review the contemporary development policies and their effects on the economy

Course Title Ethiopian Economy
Course Code AgEc351
Credit hrs./ ECTS 2/3
Pre-requisites
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor name Name: e-mail:
Tutor name Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
hrs. tutorial total
Topic One: Introduction to the Ethiopian 2 0 2 6 8
Economy
1.1. Overview of the Structure of the Ethiopian
economy
1.2. Resource Base of Ethiopia
Topic Two: Recent Performance of the 6 3 9 27 36
different sectors in the Ethiopian economy
2.1 Agricultural sector
2.2 Industrial sector
2.3 Service sector
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Topic Three: Investment, Poverty and 4 2 6 18 24
Unemployment in Ethiopia
3.1 Production and Capital Formation
3.2 Infrastructure
3.3 Poverty
3.4 Unemployment and Underemployment
Topic Four: Trade in the Ethiopian Economy 4 2 6 18 24
4.1 Export Performance
4.2 Imports in Ethiopia
4.3 Balance of Payment in Ethiopia
4.4 Exchange rate
Topic Five: Public Finance and Financial 4 2 6 12 18
Sector in Ethiopia
5.1 Public finance in Ethiopia
5.2 The finance sector in Ethiopia
Topic Six: Contemporary Economic Reforms and 2 1 3 9 12
Development Policies in Ethiopia
7.1 The Structural Adjustment Program
7.2 Recent economic development plans
Total 22 10 32 96 128
Teaching and Learning Methods
The mode of the delivery of the course combines lectures, practical activities, discussion,
readings, assignments, individual and /or group works and presentation.
Assessment Methods
Assignments (seminar presentation) 30%
Mid-exam 20%
Total 100%
References
Ayele Kuris, 2003. The Ethiopian Economy, 1st ed., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Annual Reports of CSA, FAO, MOFED, National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE), UNDP HDR and
Ethiopian Economic Association (EEA)
3.32. Seminar in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 361)
Course description
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The course is designed to help students develop the experience of analyze case studies on a
particular topic and make their own judgment. Areas of case studies includes: The role,
opportunities identified to be exploited; problems identified to be solved, regarding to the
management of Agricultural industry and/or Agribusiness, for the better benefit from the sector
as well as societies wellbeing.
Course Objectives:
This course aimed at helping students to:

 Experience in making analysis of studies
 Develop the ability to organize information and write organized report
 Enhance their confidence in communicating or presenting their paper for the audience
Program Agricultural Economic
Course Name Seminar in Agribusiness
Credit hours/ECTS 1
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topics Hour Tutorial Total independen
t study
Areas of case studies: 1 3 4 30 38
 The role of determinants, or opportunities identified
to be exploited;
 Problems identified to be solved, to affect the
management of Agricultural industry and/or
Agribusiness, for the better benefit from the sector
as well as societies well being.

Assessment
122
Written Report……………….50%
Presentation …………………. 50%
References
Determined by the selected Topic!
3.33. Global Trends (FSPT 412)
Course Description
The course is designed to familiarize learners on the nature and development of international
relations and global issues. It deals with nations, states, national interest, cooperation and
conflict among states, and the role of state and non-state actors in the international system.
Additionally, it explains the nature of international law, global political economy and the
nexus between regionalism and globalization. It also critically examines the contemporary
global issues and how the international community is trying to address them. It is organized
to systematically examine international issues by employing different theories and providing
concrete examples from different parts of the world. Last but not least, after providing
rigorous understanding of how the international system functions, it will equip learners to
consciously observe and critically understand the Ethiopia‟s Relations with the outside world.
As the saying goes “Think globally act locally!”
We live in an exciting yet challenging period in history. The world seems to dominantly
progress in constantly opposing directions. On the one hand, because of globalization, the
world is getting closer and becoming interconnected in ways never experienced before
generating more wealth, scientific innovation, and cross-national cooperation. On the other
hand, the challenges of war, terror, arms trade, money laundering, disease, poverty,
environmental problems, human and drug trafficking still generate an aura of uncertainty for
the present and future generations. As such, decisions made by states, multinational
corporations, non-governmental organizations, and terrorists have a direct impact on our life.
Thanks to global flow of information, there may be a multitude of individuals who know the
events that are occurring in the world. But some still do not understand why events happened
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the way they have happened; and what consequences they may bring. In light of this, this
course is designed to equip students with a necessary knowledge and skill which enable them
to understand the political, economic and social dynamics of the global system, how it works,
its actors, its influence and ways to cope up global issues from theoretical and practical point
of view.
Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
 Understand nations, nationalism and states
 Explain the nature and historical development of international relations
 Gain basic knowledge of the major theories in the discipline of International
Relations and develop the ability to critically evaluate and apply such theories
 Elucidate national interest, foreign policy and diplomacy
 Explicate the nature and elements of international political economy and
international law
 Examine the extent and degree of influence of state and non-state actors in the
international system.
 Examine the roles major international and regional institutions play in world politics
 Critically evaluate the major contemporary global issues
 Assess the overriding foreign policy guidelines of Ethiopia in the past and present
 Explore Ethiopia’s role in regional, continental and global institutions and affairs

Course Name Global Trends
Curse Code/Credit hours FSPT 412
Prerequisites
Lecture days /Hours
124
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic One: Understanding International 4 4 6 10
Relations
1.1 Conceptualizing Nations, Nationalism and
States
1.2 The Nature and Evolution of International
Relations
1.3 Actors of International Relations
- State Actors
- Non-State Actors
1.4 Levels of Analysis in the International
Relations
1.5 Power, Anarchy and Sovereignty in the
International System
1.6 The Structure of International System
Topic Two: Contending 4 4 6 10
Theories of International
Relations
2.1 Realism and Neo-Realism
2.2 Liberalism and Neo-Liberalism

2.3 Marxism and Neo-Marxism
2.4 Critical Theory
2.5. Constructivism
2..6. Modernism and Post-Modernism
Topic Three: Foreign Policy and Diplomacy 8 8 10 18
3.1 Conceptualizing National Interest, Foreign

Policy and Diplomacy
3.2 National Interest and Foreign Policy
- Determinants of National Interest and
Foreign Policy
- Objectives of Foreign Policy
- Foreign Policy Orientations
- Instruments of Foreign Policy
3.3 A Survey of Foreign Policy and Diplomacy
of Ethiopia
- Foreign Policy of Ethiopia during
the Reign of Emperor Menilik II
the Reign of Emperor Hailesillassie
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the Derg Regime
the EPRDF
Topic Four: The International Political 6 6 10 16

Economy (IPE)
4.1. Meaning and Nature of IPE
- The Nexus between
Politics (State) and Economics
(Market) 4.2. Theoretical
Perspectives on IPE
- Classical Mercantilism and Economic
Nationalism
- Classical Liberalism and Adam Smith
- Comparative Advantage and David Ricardo
- Neoliberalism and Keynesianism
- Marxism and Dependency Theory
- Hegemonic Stability Theory
- Developmental State Model
4.3. The Political Economy of North-South,
South-South: Conflict and Cooperation
Topic Five: International Law 6 6 7 13
5.1. Meaning, Nature and Areas of International
Law
5.2. Sources and Subjects of International Law
5.3. Law Making and Enforcement process at
International and Domestic level
5.4. Formation, Recognition and Responsibility of
State under International Law
Topic Six: Regionalism and Globalization 4 8
6.1. The concept, Nature and Development of
Regionalism and Regional Integration
 The Old and New
Regionalism
6.2. Major theories of Regional Integration
 Functionalism
 Neo-functionalism
 Inter-governmentalize
 Supra-nationalism
6.3. Selected cases of Regional Integration (EU, 4 4

AU…)
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 Aspects of Globalization
 Actors of Globalization
 Pros and Cons of
Globalization
 Ethiopia in a globalized
World
6.4. Regionalization versus Globalization and State
 The Convergence,
Divergence and Overlapping relations of
Regionalization and Globalization
 The Hypocrisy of
Sovereignty
Topic Seven: Major Contemporary Global 5 11

Issues
7.1 Conceptualizing Global Issues
7.2 Survey of Global Issues
- Security Issues

Terrorism, Religious Fundamentalism
and political Extremism

Weapons of Mass Destruction and
The Nuclear Power paradox

Illicit Human Trafficking, Drug
Trafficking, Firearms Trafficking
- Environmental Issues

Climate Change and Global warming
- Technology Related Issues

Cyber Crime and Cyber Security
- Other Social, Economic and
Political Issues

Human Rights

Migration and Refugee

Trade War

Aid, Debt Relief 6 6
34 34 52 86
Total Credit Hours
Assessment
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Lab session …10
Mid Exam …..20
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Instructors’ Commitment: the course instructor is expected to provide timely lectures,

demonstrate students to understand and analyze the issues of pertaining to central theme of
the course, suggest available reading materials, and evaluate students‟ performance.
Course Policy: Meaningful participation during class, group work and presentation is important
for the success of this course. Since each class builds on the one before it, attendance is
mandatory.
Academic Integrity: The department expects from its students a high level of responsibility
and academic honesty. Because the value of an academic degree depends upon the absolute
integrity of the work done by the student for that degree, it is imperative that a student
demonstrate a high standard of individual honor in his or her scholastic work. If you cheat on
an exam you will receive a failing grade, and most likely will be dropped from the class.
Academic dishonesty of any type by a student provides grounds for disciplinary action by the
instructor or department.In written work, no material may be copied from another. The work
that you submit must be your own, for both moral and legal reasons.
References
Altinay, Hakan (2011) Global Civics: Responsibilities and Rights in an Interdependent World. The
Brookings institution:Washington
Armstrong, David(ed.)(2009). Routledge Handbook of International Law. London: Routledge
Baylis, J. and Smith, S. (eds.) (1997).The Globalization of World Politics. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Browlie, Ian (2003). Principles of Public International Law. (6th ed.). New York: Oxford University
Copson, Raymond w.(2007)The United States inAfrica:Bushpolicyand beyond in association with

InternationalAfrican InstituteRoyalAfrican Societyof SocialScience Research Council, Zed
Books:London
Crane, George T. and AbalAmawi (1997). The Theoretical evolution of International Political Economy:
A Reader (2nd Edition). Oxford University Press: New York.
Crawford, Robert (2000) Idealism and Realism in International Relations: Beyond the Discipline.
Routledge:USA
128
DeLombaerde,Philippe(ed.)(2008)GoverningRegionalIntegrationforDevelopment:MonitoringExperiences
,MethodsandProspects.AshgatePublishingCompany:England
Demelo, Jaime and ArvindPanagariy(eds.) (1993)ANew Dimensionsin RegionalIntegration,Centre

forEconomic PolicyResearch 1993, Cambridge University Press:USA
Demelo, Jaime and ArvindPanagariy(eds.)(1993)ANew Dimensionsin RegionalIntegration,Centre

forEconomic PolicyResearch 1993, Cambridge University, Press:USA
Der, James D. (2009) Critical Practices in International Theory: Selected Essays,Routledg, Abingdon,
Oxon
Farrell,Mary(ed.) (2005)GlobalPoliticsofRegionalism:Theoryand Practice. Pluto Press: London
Genest, Mark A. (1996). Conflict and Cooperation: Evolving Theories of International Relations. Fourth
Worth:Harcourt Brace and Co.
Goldestein, Joshua S. and John C. Pevhouse (2006). International Relations brief 3rd ed.
PrisscillaMcGreehon. Goldstein J. S. (2003) International Relations. 5th edition. Washington, D.C.
Pearson Education Press, Inc Griffiths, Martin (Ed.) (2007). International Relations Theory for the
Twenty-First Century:An introduction. New York: Routledge
Griffiths, Martin and Terry O‟Callaghan (2002) InternationalRelations: The Key Concepts. Routledge:
London
Griffiths, Martin, et al. (2008). International Relations: The Key Concepts (Second Edition). New
York: Routledge
Griffiths, Martin, Steven C. and M. Scott (2009), Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations (2nd
edition)
Hancock, KathleenJ.(2009)RegionalIntegration;ChoosingPlutocracy, PalgraveMacmillan:United States
Henderson, Conway W.(1998) International Relations: Conflict and Cooperation at the Turn of the 21 st
Century. Guilford: McGraw-Hall.
Hollis, Martin and Steve Smith (1990) Explaining and Understanding International Relations. United
States:Oxford University Press.
Holsti, K.J. (1995) International Politics: A Framework for Analysis. 7th ed. New Jersey:Prentice Hall.
J.M. Biswaro. (2012) The Quest for Regional Integration in the Twenty First Century: Rhetoric versus
Reality - A Comparative Study, MkukinaNyota Publishers Ltd, Dar es Salaam: Tanzania
Macdonald, David B.et.al (ed.)(2007)The Ethics of Foreign Policy. Ashgate Publishing Limited: England
Malm, Endreas and ShoraEsmailian (2007). Iran on the Brink Rising Workers and Threats of War. Pluto
Press Mintz, Alex and Karl De Rouen (2010) Understanding Foreign Policy Decision Making,
Cambridge University Pres: Cambridge
Rengger,N.J.(2000) International Relations,Political Theory and theProblem of Order: Beyond

International Relations theory?Routledge: London
129
Rourke, John T. and Mark A. Boyer (1998). World Politics: International Politics on the world Stag.,
brief. 2nded. Guilford: Dushkin/McGraw-Hall.
Salmon, Trevor C. (Ed.) (2005). Issues in International Relations. New York: Routledge
Steans, Jill and LloyndPettiford (2005). Introduction to International relations: Perspectives and Themes.
2nd ed.Harlow: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Sutch , Peter and Juanita Elias (2007 ) International Relations, the basics. Taylor & Francis.
Todaro, Michael P. and Stephen Smith (2003).Economic Development (8thed).
Trevor S. Salmon and Mark F. Imber (ed) (2008). Issues in International Relations. Routledge Publishing,
2nd Edition Vinay Bhargava (2006). Introduction to Global Issues
Walts, Kenneth N. (2003) Progress in International Relations Theory. Belfer Center for Science and
International Affairs John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University Cambridge,
Massachusetts
nd
Weber,Cynthia (2001) International Relations Theory: A Critical Introduction(2 edition) Routledge:
London
3.34. Econometrics (AgEc 312)
Course description
Econometrics is the quantitative application of statistical, economic theories and mathematical

models using data to develop theories or test existing hypotheses in economics and to forecast
future trends from historical data. The objective of Econometrics is to quantify such relationships
using available data and statistical techniques to interpret and use the resulting outcomes. So,
Econometrics is the application of statistical and mathematical methods to the analysis of
economic data, with the purpose of giving empirical content to economic theories and then
verifying or refuting them. Bridging the gap between theory and policy analysis requires
acquiring the practice of applying the concepts, theories and methods of Economics to policy
analysis. This course is designed to meet this challenge by providing insights on how the three
elements of Econometrics namely: economic theory, data and statistical procedures can be
combined, to provide useful information to policy analysts and decision makers. In this course,
130
practical exercises using econometrics and statistical soft wares such as SPSS, STATA and
others like EXCEL will be conducted to equip students with knowledge and skill of using
software for data analysis.
Course Objectives
Students are expected to:
 Understand the main goals of econometrics and its purpose;
 Develop/ formulate regression models based on theory in their field of study
 Estimate the regression model using the real data and interpret the result,
 Use estimated equations to make predictions and forecasting
 Understand and Apply the methodology of Econometrics for their research project
Course Name Econometrics
Curse Code/Credit hours AgEc 312
Prerequisites Statistics for Economists (AgEc 232)
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic One: Introduction to Econometrics 4 4 16 20
1.1. Definition and Scope
1.2. Goals of Econometrics
1.3. Methodology of Econometrics
1.4. Elements of Econometrics
Topic Two: Correlation Theory 12 4 16 36 52
2.1. Basic concepts of Correlation
2.2. Coefficient of Linear Correlation
2.3. Types of Correlation Coefficient
Topic Three: Simple Linear Regression Models 14 6 20 42 62
3.1. Basic Concepts and Assumptions
131
3.2. Least Squares Criteria
3.3. Normal Equations of OLS
3.4. Coefficient of Correlation and
Determination
3.5. Hypothesis Testing
Topic Four: Multiple Regression Analysis 14 6 20 35 55
4.1. Model with two Explanatory Variables
4.2. Notations and Assumptions
4.3. Estimation of Partial regression coefficients
4.4. Estimation of Partial Regression Coefficients
4.5. Variance and Standard errors of OLS
Estimators
4.6. Hypothesis Testing
4.7. Other functional forms
Topic Five: Econometric Problems 12 2 14 36 50
5.1. Non-normality
5.2. Multicollinearity
5.3. Heteroskedastcity
5.4. Autocorrelation
Topic Six: Non-linear Regression and Time 8 4 12 24 36
Series Econometrics
6.1. Non-linear regression models Overview
6.2. Time series Analysis
Assessment
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Lab session …10
Mid Exam …..20
References
Koutsoyiannis, 2001. Theory of Econometrics, 2nd edition.
Gujarati, D.N (2004). Basic Econometrics. 4th Edition. McGraw-Hill companies, Inc.
Greene, W. H. (2002). Econometric Analysis. 5th Edition. Macmillan, New York.
Maddala, G.S. (1992). Introduction to Econometrics. 2nd Edition.
3.35. Computer Applications in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 322)
132
Course Description
The course requires a basic knowledge of computer and students are assumed they have basic
knowhow of computer at high school level. In addition, it requires the knowledge of Operation
Research and Econometrics courses as a prerequisite. It is a semester course in applications of
computer to problems in agricultural economics. This course is designed to provide students with
full-fledged knowledge and skill on statistical packages. It is emphasis on introducing different
statistical packages (like Stata, Eviews, SPSS and R). It gives importance for the application of
these programs to analyze data related with Agricultural Economics. In addition, it introduces
Quantitative Analysis software (POM_QM) known in the areas of Quantitative Methods,
Management Science, or Operations Research. It allows for the application of optimization
techniques including linear programming, goal programming, integer programming and
nonlinear programming for research and decision analysis in agricultural economics. This allow
students to easily understood what is learned in class is practically executed using real world
data. The course improves the skills and the knowledge of students to solve real problems in
Agricultural economics using actual agricultural data.
Course Objectives
After completion of this course, students will be able to:

 Introduce and manage data using different statistical packages.
 Estimate different models and analyze data in the field of Agricultural Economics using
different statistical packages.
 Use and apply different statistical package in their research work.
 Apply the optimization techniques to solve Agricultural Economics problem.

Course Name Computer Applications in Agricultural Economics
133
Prerequisites Operation Research in Agricultural Economics and Econometrics
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topic One: Introduction to Computer 2 2 4 6 10
1.1. What is Computer?
1.2. Basic operations in Computer
1.3. Components of Computer
Topic Two: Introduction to Statistical Package 12 12 24 36 60
2.1.What is a statistical package?
2.2.Features of packages (Stata/ Eviews , SPSS and R
POM_QM)
2.3.General description of the package
Topic Three: Data and Data Management in the 9 12 21 27 48
Packages
3.1. Types of data (cross-sectional, time series and
panel data)
3.2. Introducing data in to the package (data format)
and editing the data
3.3. Reading data in the packages
3.4. Combining data, cleaning data, coding and
decoding, labeling, changing and renaming
variables
Topic Four: Exploring data in the Package 3 3 6 9 15
4.1.Summarizing and describing the data (descriptive
statistics)
4.2.Cross tabulation (test of association for nominal
variables)
4.3.Graphs
Topic Five: Basic Data Analysis (Parametric and 12 15 27 36 63
Non-Parametric Analysis)
5.1. Parametric Analysis
5.2. Estimating Cross-sectional Models (using OLS and
Maximum likelihood estimation method).
5.3. Estimation of binary and Categorical Models
5.4. Time Series Models (trend analysis, estimation of
dynamic models)
5.5. Panel data models and estimation
134
5.6. Parametric Efficiency Analysis (Data from LSMS)
5.7. Non- Parametric techniques
5.8. Kwalis, Multiple Comparison etc…
5.9. Non-Parametric Efficiency Analysis (Data from
LSMS)
Topic Six: Optimization Techniques and Application 12 12 24 36 60

a. Linear programming application
b. Goal Programming application
c. Integer and mixed integer programming application
Assessment
Quiz……………15
Data Analysis…15
Mid Exam …….20
3.36. Operations Research in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 332)
Course Description
This course requires basic knowhow of matrices and linear algebra as a prerequisite. The purpose
of the course is to provide students with the concepts and tools to help them understand the
operations research and mathematical modeling methods. The course seeks to introduce students
with the origin, nature and impact of operations research in their field of study. Operations
research helps in solving problems in Agricultural Economics that needs decisions. The course
covers topics that include: linear programming, non linear programming, transportation, and
efficiency analysis. It will equip students with the knowledge and skill to formulate, analyze and
solve real-world problems in Agriculture. It also introduces optimization techniques and
application of computer packages such as POM_QM and solver and their use to solve problems
in Agriculture.
Course Objectives
 To enable students gain knowledge and skills that allow them to formulate the real world
problems in Agriculture.
 To enable students to acquire knowledge and techniques of optimization and apply in
solving problems in their field of study.
135
 To equip students with the skills to implement and solve models using QM and Excel
software.
 Discuss the basic concepts of operations research and its applications
 Propose suitable decisions to resolve conflicts of interest among various sections of the
organizations by seeking out optimal solution
 Apply linear programming model for analyzing operational problems in business
(particularly in agricultural firms)
 Solve large system of linear equations using transportation problems model
 Apply the concept of transportation problem to allocate different resources to activities if
the resource requires more than activity
 Apply the concept of sensitivity analysis to allocate scarce resources efficiently in
agricultural firms

Course Name Operation Research in Agricultural Economics
Curse Code AgEc 332
Prerequisites
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topic One: Introduction to Operation Research 3 - 3 9 12
1.1. Definition of Operation Research
1.2. History of Operation Research
1.3. Components of Operation Research
1.4. Importance and application of Operation
Research
1.5. Limitation of Operation Research
136
Topic Two: Linear Programming 12 15 27 36 63
2.1. Basic Concepts in Linear Programming
2.2. Formulations of LPP
2.3. Assumptions of linear programming
2.4. Methods of Solving LP
2.4.1. The Graphic Method
a. Maximization
b. Minimization
2.4.2. The Simplex Method
a. Maximization
b. Minimization
2.5. Post optimality analysis (sensitivity
analysis)
2.6. Violation of the Assumptions (Goal and
Integer )
2.7. Application of Linear programming in
Agricultural Economics
Topic Three: Duality Theory and Sensitivity 3 - 3 9 12
Analysis
3.1. Duality theory and its economic
interpretation
3.2. Primal-Dual Relationships
3.3. The role of dual theory in sensitivity
analysis
3.4. The essence of sensitivity analysis and
applying sensitivity analysis
3.4.1. Change in objective function
coefficient
3.4.2. Change in parameter of the constraints
Topic Four: Nonlinear Programming 3 9 12 9 21

4.1. Types of Nonlinear Programming
Problems
4.2. Constrained optimization
4.3. One-variable constrained optimization
and unconstrained optimization
4.4. Multi-variable constrained optimization
and unconstrained optimization
4.5. Sample applications in Agricultural
Economics
Topic Five: Risk Programming and Efficiency 6 12 18 18 36
Analysis
5.1.Risk in Agricultural Economics
137
5.2.Types of Risk Programming
5.3.Application of Game Theory
5.4.Efficiency Analysis Methods
Topic Six: The Transportation Problems 3 - 3 9 12
6.1. What is transportation problem?
6.2. Various Applications in
Agricultural Economics
Assessment
Practical ………30
Mid Exam …….20
References
Hillier, F.S. and Liberman,G.J (200l). Introduction to Operations Research (7th Edition)
McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Boston.
Barry Render, Ralph M. Stair, Jr., Michael E. Hanna, and Trevor S. Hale, (2015). Quantitative
Analysis for Management, 12th edition,. ISBN 978-0-13-350733-1, USA.
3.37. Agricultural Credit and Finance (AgEc 342)
Course Description
The course Agricultural Credit and Finance is intended to familiarize students with the concept
of financial scenario in the Agricultural sector. The course will cover the topics such as basic
financial statement analysis, time value of money, investment valuation, analysis of investment
opportunities and legal issues related to financing. The discipline gives a pure glance what
finance is and its role in agriculture. As the graduates from Agricultural Economics, students are
expected to be consultants and entrepreneur in the agriculture sector therefore; the course
provides relevant input for the smoothening of farm activities by emphasizing practical problem
solving techniques. The course also includes indicating sources and advantages of credit,
defining goal and farm‟s standing point in relation to financial position, managing risk, and use
of insurance.
138
The course will also try to discuss in depth the very problems of Agricultural finance in Ethiopia
specifically problems the smallholder farmers are facing. Finally, the course attempts to make a
comment and suggestions to improve the agricultural finance service using other countries
experiences and practical judgments of students using projects and case studies undertaken
during the course.
Course objectives
The major objectives of this course are enabling students to:
 understand the concepts of finance, agricultural finance, micro finance, credit, and
insurance;
 Prepare, interpret and evaluate financial statements;
 Make effective financial decision using the appropriate financial tools;
 Measure risk and return of an agribusiness;
 Analyze the link between diversification and risk minimization;
 Understand and apply time value of money concepts;
 Discuss risk management and the use of insurance in agribusiness;
 Identify available credit instruments and their use;
 Comment on problems of rural finance and suggest recommendation for rural finance
improvement.

Course Name Agricultural Credit and Finance
Course Code: AgEc 342
Prerequisite Microeconomics, Statistics, Principles of Accounting and Farm
management
Lecture class/Room No.
Lecture days/Hours
Instructor: Name: email:
Tutor Name: email:
Consultation Hours:
Course title Contact Hours Suggested hours Total
Lecture Practical Sub- of independent
/Tutorial Total study
139
Topic One: Concept and Definitions 6 6 3 9
1.1. Meaning and Scope
1.2. Roles and Functions of Agricultural Credit
and Finance
1.3. Financial System in Agriculture
1.4. Challenges in Ethiopian Agricultural
Finance
Topic Two: Resource Acquisition and Use of 8 4 12 20 32

Credit
2.1. Resource Acquisition in Agriculture
2.2. Capital Structure, Leverage and Financial
Risk
2.3. Credit risk assessment and lender-borrower
relationship
2.3. Roll and classification of credit
2.4. Advantages and Disadvantages of credit
Topic Three: Time Value of Money 9 3 14 20 34

3.1. The time value of Money
3.2. Investment Analysis
3.3. Investment Analysis in Ethiopia: Inflation,
Risk and Financial Planning
Topic Four: Financial Analysis and Risk 10 5 15 25 40

Management
4.1. Economic Activities of a Farm Business
4.2. Financial Statement Structures
4.3. Risk and Return Analysis
4.4. Measuring Risk and Return
4.5. Diversification
4.6. Portfolio and Risk Minimization
Topic Five: Risk Management Strategy And 6 3 12 20 37
Insurance In Agriculture
5.1 Source of risk and uncertainty in agriculture
5.2 Evaluation and reducing risk and uncertainty
5.3 Insurance in agriculture
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Topic Six: Credit Instrument And Financial 9 3 12 15 42
Markets for Agriculture
6.1 Credit instruments and contracts
6.2 Financial Market and Intermediation in a
Global Setting
6.3 Problems in Agricultural Finance and Market
Development in Ethiopia
6.4 Preconditions for Development of
Agricultural Finance Markets
6.5 Strategies to Improve Agricultural Finance
Services
Assessment/ Evaluation System/
 Quiz = 10%
 Case study (Term paper) = 10%
 Presentation = 10
 Mid= 20%
 Final exam = 50%.
References
Brigham, E.F., L.C. Gapenski, and M.C. Ehrhardt, 1999.Financial Management: Theory and
Practice. The Dryden Press, Texas.
Alexander Hamilton Institute, Inc, 1998. Financial Management Handbook. USA.
Barry, P.J., Ellinger, P.N., Baker, C.B., & Hopkin, J.A. “Financial Management in Agriculture.
1995.”
3.38. Farming Systems and Livelihood Analysis (AgEc 352)
Content description
To provide an understanding of the concepts of farming systems and sustainable livelihoods;

types of farming system and its components; expose students to the interface between farming
systems and the sustainable livelihoods approach. Equip students with analytical skills for
analyzing specific farming systems for sustainable livelihoods. expose students to the
determinants of both farming systems and the sustainable livelihoods; examine the interface
between farm management practices, techniques and technologies and the environment from a
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system approach; Analyze the extent to which farming systems are shaped by agro-ecological
constraints and/or socio-economic factors.
Course Objectives:
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
 Understand the concepts of farming system and sustainable livelihoods; types and
components of farming systems
 Understand farming systems‟ determinants and their interactions;
 Apply systems approach to research and development;
 Assess and evaluate existing practices and design of specific appropriate farming systems
for sustainable livelihoods;
 Acquire skills in the conduct of farmer-researcher collaboration in identifying critical
production constraints, and in designing and critically analyzing alternative solutions to
identified problem
 Apply sustainable livelihood framework in farming system research and extension
activities
Course Description and Thematic Plan

Course Name Farming system and livelihood analysis
Curse Code AgEc 352
Prerequisites Farm management
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topic Contact Hours Independent Total
142
Lecture Practice Sub- work hrs
/tutor total
Topic One: The Concepts of Agriculture and 6 - 6 18 24
farming system
1.1. Agriculture and the society
1.2. Classification of agricultural systems
1.3. Hierarchy of agricultural systems
1.4. Agricultural systems versus farming systems
1.5. formalizing farming systems
1.6. Types of Farming Systems
1.7. Components of Farming Systems Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Topic Two: Farming system and its determinants 10 3 13 30 43
2.1. Sustainable Livelihoods and farming systems
2.2. Household, livestock, crop and market
subsystems
2.3. Modern agricultural technology and their
relevance
2.4. Determinants of Farming Systems and
Sustainable Livelihoods
Topic Three: Farming Systems Approach 8 4 12 24 36
3.1. Farming systems approach in general
3.2. Classifying, characterizing and reviewing
farming systems
3.3. Smallholder, Resource-poor Family Farms
3.4. Relationships among household, crops,
livestock and subsystems
3.5. Socio-economic characteristics of smallholder,
resource-poor family farms and their implications
on technology design and extension
3.6. Farming systems and their improvement
3.7. Systems approach to production, research and
extension
Topic Four: Farming system Research and 10 4 14 30 44
Methodologies
4.1. Farming System Research (FSR)
4.2. FSR Activities: Procedures and
Methodologies
4.3. System Analysis & Performance Criteria
4.4. The Purpose and Features of FSR
4.5. Characteristics of Farming Systems Approach
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4.6. Performance Criteria for System‟s Property
4.7. Challenges of FSR/D
4.8. Participatory research tools and techniques
4.9. Problem diagnosis and opportunities
identification
Topic Five: Sustainable Livelihood 6 - 6 18 24
5.1 Concepts of sustainable livelihoods
5.2 Sustainable Livelihoods as Integrated Concept
5.3 What is Sustainable Livelihood?
5.4 Principles of Sustainable Livelihood
Topic Six: Sustainable Livelihoods Analysis 8 4 12 24 36
6.1 Analytical framework of sustainable
livelihoods
6.2. Components of Sustainable Livelihood
Framework
6.3. Comparison of Livelihood Frameworks
6.4. Methods of livelihood analysis
6.5 Model of Livelihoods Promotion
Total 48 16 64 144 208
Assessment Methods
Continuous assessment ( exercises, tests and quiz ) 20%
Term Assignment 30%
References
Beets, W.C. 1990. Raising the Productivity of Smallholder Farming Systems in the Tropics.
Beyan Ahmed and Hiwot mokonen.2014. Farming Systems and Livelihoods analysis. Course
Modue Haramaya university Ethiopia
Hildebrand, P.E. 1986. Perspectives in Farming Systems Research. Boulder, CO: Lynne
Rienner Publishers. Cambridge.
Jemal yusouf and Alemu sokora.2014. Farming Systems and Rural Livelihoods. Course modue
haramaya university Ethiopia
Norman, D.W., J.D. Siebert, E. Modiakgotla, and F.D. Worman 1995. The Farming Systems
Approach to Development and Appropriate Technology Generation. Rome: Food and
144
Agricultural Organization (FAO). Ruthenberg, H. 1980. Farming Systems in The tropics
(3rd edition). Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
3.39. History of Economic Thoughts (AgEc 362)
Course Description
This course is an introduction to the history of economic thought that follows both historical and
theoretical approaches. The development of economic thought is illustrated as a succession of
changes in the perception of the nature of socio-economic processes. In particular, the course
emphasizes the historical nature of economic theories and attempts to show how actual socio-
economic phenomena shape the evolution of economic theory. The course reviews the main
schools in the development of economic thought beginning with the Classical school and the
works of Smith, Ricardo, J.S. Mill, Thornton, Say and others. This is followed by the challenges
to the classical school by Marx and subsequent key figures like Marshall, Walras and the
Neoclassicals. The course also attempts to teach students economic theories by showing how the
concepts they are taught in economics classes have evolved in time. Throughout the course,
economic theories will be evaluated in terms of the inter-relationships between theories, policies
and conditions including responses to the current financial and global economic crises.
Course Objectives
After successful completion of this course students are expected to:
 discuss how the economic thought has evolved over time;
 critically compare the contributions of the main schools of economics;
 understand some of the historically important concepts of the political economy and
economics;
 acquire a broad understanding of the evolution of economic thinking in the long period of
time;
 understand the relationship between economics and ideology;
 analyze how theories fit into the proper historical and economic context; and
 identify theories that differ from modern mainstream theory, and thereby recognize that
the theoretical basis if economics has been, and continues to be, contested
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Program/ Class year Agricultural Economics
Course Name History of Economic Thought
Curse Code AgEc 362
Cr. Hr/ ECTS 2/3
Prerequisites No specific prerequisites needed for this
course
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-
mail:
Tutor Name: e-
mail:
Consultation hours
Contact Practical/ Sub-Total hours of (Hrs)
Topics Hour Tutorial independen
t study
Topic One: Economic thought before Adam 4 4 10 14
Smith
1.1 History of economic thought as a
discipline
1.2 Ideology, science and paradigms in
History of Economic thought
1.3 The economics of mercantilism
1.4 The contribution of physiocracy
Topic Two: Classical Theories of Value, 6 6 19 25
Growth and Distribution
2.6. The theory of value: Smith and Ricardo

2.7. Subjectivist theories of value
2.8. The determinants of economic growth:
Classical views
2.9. Classical theories of income distribution
Topic Three: Classical Economics on Money, 6 6 18 24
Banking and Policy
3.1 Classical monetary theory

3.2 Classical public finance
3.3 Say‟s law, „Gluts‟ and business cycles
3.4 Classical economic policy in theory and
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practice
Topic Four: Marxist Economics 4 4 13 17
4.3 Marx and the labor theory of value
4.4 Marx‟s theory of Money
4.5 Marx on distribution
4.6 Marx‟s theory of capital accumulation and
crises
Topic Five: Marginalists, Marshall and Late 5 5 16 21
Neoclassical
5.1 Marginalist and Walrasian general
equilibrium analyses
5.2 Late Marshall on money and credit
5.3 Wicksell and Fisher on interest rates
5.4 Schumpeter, Fisher and Kalecki on business
cycles
Topic Six: Keynes’ Theory of Money, 4 4 10 14
Investment and Cycles
6.1 Keynes vs. Say‟s law and classical

economics
6.2 Keynes‟ theory of investment
6.3 Keynes on money and speculation
6.4 Keynes on the business cycle
Topic Seven: Neoclassical Synthesis and 3 2 5 8 13
Monetarist Challenge
7.1 The Hicks-Hansen-Samuelson IS-LM
transformation
7.2 Philips curve debates
7.3 Friedman‟s fundamental monetarist
proposition
7.4 Critique of monetarism
Assessment
Term Papers….10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam …..30
Agnar, S. Economics Evolving: a History of Economic Thought, Princeton University Press,
2011.
147
Alessandro, R. The Wealth of Ideas: a History of Economic Thought, Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press, 2005.
Ernesto, S. and Stefano, Z. An outline of the history of economic thought. Oxford: Clarendon
Press; 2nd edition, 2005.
Friedman, M. Milton Friedman on Economics. University Chicago Press., 2007.
Hunt, E.K. History of economic thought: a critical perspective, 2nd updated edition, Armonk,
N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe., 2002.
Kates, S. Defending the History of Economic Thought, Edward Elgar, 2013.
Keynes, J.M. General theory of Employment, Interest and Money. Prometheus Books, 2005.
Kurz, Heinz D. and N. Salvadori. Understanding 'Classical' Economics: Studies in Long Period
Theory, London and New York: Routledge, 2014.
Medema, S.G. and Samuels, W.J. The History of Economic Thought: A reader, Routledge, 2003.
Medema, S.G. and Samuels. W.J. The History of Economic Thought: A Reader, London and
New York: Routledge, 2013.
O‟Brien, D.P. The Classical Economists Revisited. Oxford Univ. Press, 2004.
Roger, E.B. The ordinary Business of Life: A History of Economics from the Ancient World to
the Twenty-First Century, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002.
Roncaglia, A. The wealth of Ideas: A History of Economic Thought. Cambridge, UK:
Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Smith, A. Wealth of Nations. Hertfordshire [England]: Wordsworth Editions, 2013.
Sandelin, B., H.-M. Trautwein and R. Wundtrack. A Short History of Economic Thought (3rd
ed.), London and New York: Routledge, 2015.
Vaggi, G. and Gronewegen, P.D. A Concise History of Economic Thought from Mercantilism
to Monetarism, Basinstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
3.40. Senior Research Proposal ( AgEc 372)
Course description
This course is devoted to issues related to research proposal writing and presentation skill.
Therefore, students are expected to write a research proposal that incorporates introduction,
148
objective, scope and limitation, significance, analytical tools (methodology) and bibliography.
The proposal is also expected to include the relevant literature review and work plan and budget.
The proposals prepared by the students are presented (in an open defense) in front of audience
incorporating students and instructors. The students are evaluated by the course coordinator and
respective advisors. In the whole course of the process the students are guided by advisors
assigned by the department.
Course Objectives:
The main purpose of the course is to help the student:
 To acquire the necessary skill in research proposal writing and presentation
 To enable students to apply the knowledge from the different courses they took in the
past practically.
 Identify a research topic and formulate the researchable problem in their field of
specialization
 Write a research proposal to tackle the identified problem for investigation

Course Name Senior Research Proposal
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
Topic One: Introduction 1 3 4 30 38
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Scope and Limitations of the Study
149
1.5 Significance of the \Study
Topic Two: Literature Review
2.1 Concept and Definition
2.2 Theoretical Review
2.3 Conceptual Framework
2.4 Empirical Review
Topic Three: Research Methodology
3.1 Area Description
3.2 Data collection Approaches
3.3 Sampling Techniques
3.4 Method of Data Analysis
Topic Four: Budget Break down and Work
Plan
4.1 Budget Breakdown
4.2 Work Plan
Topic Five: Reference
Assessment
3.41. International Trade (AgEc 411)
Course Description
This course requires a basic knowledge Microeconomic and Macroeconomics as a prerequisite.

It is a one semester course in international trade theory and policy emphasizing on the
agricultural sector. The course aims to explain patterns of world Agricultural trade and ask if
international trade is beneficial in the context of an agrarian economy. This will be done with the
help of models from international trade theory that are toolkits of contemporary international
trade analysis. The course will extensively explore Trade protection mechanisms and different
arguments in the field. The techniques include partial equilibrium analysis to demonstrate the
welfare impacts and trade-off of trade policies, measures of price distortions and competitiveness
and limitations of such models. The issue of regional integration and its pros and cons will be
covered focusing mainly on the existing integrations in Africa. Finally, the course will hint the
150
contemporary trading systems and networks in the world and implications for economic
development.
Course Objectives
After Completing this course students are expected to:
 Understand and interpret international trade related information;
 Explain why nations trade and the gain of international trade employing international trade
theories
 Evaluate the effects of various trade policy instruments on welfare of trading partners
 Understand the role of multilateral trade negotiations and the proliferation of regional and
bilateral agreements and;
 The effects of international trade on economic growth and development;

Program/Class Year Agricultural Economics
Lass Year Year 4 Semester 1
Course Name International Agricultural Trade
Curse Code AgEc 411
Prerequisites Macroeconomic and Microeconomics
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
Topic One: Preliminaries 3 3 3 6
1.1 Definition of International Trade
1.2 Features of Inter-Regional and
International Trade
151
1.3 Trends and Structure of International
Agricultural Trade
1.4 Trends and Prospects Major Exports and
Imports of Ethiopia
Two: Theories of International Trade 12 6 18 20 38
2.1 Classical Theories of International Trade
2.1.1 The Mercantilists Trade Theory
2.1.2 Theories of Absolute and
Comparative Advantage
2.1.3 Comparative Advantage and
Opportunity Costs
2.1.4 Offer Curve and Terms of Trade
2.2 Modern Trade Theories of International Trade
2.2.1 Heckscher-Ohlin Theory of Trade
2.2.2 Factor Price Equalization Theorem
2.2.3 Extensions of The Heckscher-Ohlin
Theory
Topic Three: International Trade Policies 15 9 24 36 60
3.1 The Concept of Free Trade
3.2 Trade Protection
3.2.1 Concept and Meaning of Protection
3.2.2. Methods and welfare effects of protection
policies
3.2.2.1 Import Tariff
3.2.2.2 Export and production Subsidy
3.2.2.3 Import Quota
3.3 Arguments of International Trade policies
3.4 Major Trade Policies of Ethiopia
Topic Four: Economic Integration and Regional 12 6 18 36 54
Trade Organizations
4.1 The Major Trade Agreements (emphasis on
Africa: COMESSA, SADIC, SACU,…etc)
4.2 The World Trade Organization (WTO)
4.3 Regional Integration and Ethiopian Agricultural
trade
4.4 Types and levels economic integration
4.5 Static and dynamic effects of trade
arrangements
152
Topic Five: International Trade and Economic 6 3 9 12 21
Development
5.1 Importance of trade to development
5.2 Terms of trade and economic development
5.3 Institutions and trade policies
5.4 Development through import substitution Vs
export promotion
5.5 E-Commerce and agricultural trade
Assessment
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam …..20
References
Salvatore Dominidik, International Economics, 7th ed John Willy & Sons, New York, 2001
Handbook of International Trade Vol. II (2004). Economic and Legal Analyses of Trade Policy
and Institutions Edited by E. Kwan Choi and James C. Black well Publishing, Oxford, UK
HartiganRobert J. Carbaugh (2004), International Economics, 9th edition.
Hajela, T.N, 1998. Money, Banking, and International Trade. Seventh Ed. Konark, Delhi.
3.42. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics (AgEc 421)
Course Description
Natural resources (e.g. land, water, soil and air) provide a fundamental input to production in the
sense that it may be physically impossible to produce welfare enhancing output, without using
natural resources as inputs. This course reviews the origins and evolution of natural and
environmental resource economics. It describes and studies the application of economic
principles and analytical methods for sustainable development of natural resources. Sources of
inefficiency and causes of environmental degradation are examined. An introduction to the
153
concepts and methods underlying the design and implementation of environmental policies are
provided. Economic valuation of natural and environmental resources is introduced. In this
course, an attempt is made to connect sustainable environment and natural resources
management with sustainable welfare. The course aims at preparing students for the more
technically advanced courses in environmental and natural resources economics.
Course Objectives
After Completing this course students are expected to:
 Introduce the economic foundations of environmental and natural resources management
using some of the major issues which threaten the environment today, locally and
globally (e.g. soil erosion, deforestation, global warming, water pollution etc.);
 Examine the main tools and techniques that have been developed by economists to assess
environmental problems and formulate sustainable management strategies;
 Identify key economic, political and social factors that influence decision-making
regarding extraction and development of natural and environmental resources.

Course Name Natural Resource and Environmental Economics
Curse Code AgEc 421
Prerequisites Natural Resource Management (NRM 252)
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
Topic One: Introduction to natural resource and 4 4 12 16
environmental economics
1.1 Definition and concepts of basic terms
154
1.2 The emergence of resource and environmental
economics
1.3 Fundamental issues in the economic approach to
resource and environmental issues
Topic Two: Concept of sustainability 8 8 24 32
2.1 The origin of the sustainability problem
2.2 Economy environment interdependence
2.3 Ethics economics and the environment
2.4 Economists on sustainability
2.5 Ecologists on sustainability
2.6 The institutional conception
2.7 Sustainable development
2.8 Sustainability and policy
Topic Three: Welfare Economics and the 12 2 14 36 50
Environment
3.1 Efficiency and optimality
3.1.1 Economic efficiency
3.1.2 An efficient allocation is not unique
3.1.3 The social welfare function and optimality
3.1.4 Allocation in a market economy
3.1.5 Efficiency given ideal conditions
3.2 Partial equilibrium analysis of market efficiency
3.3 Market failure, public policy and the government
3.3.1 The existence of market for environmental
services
3.3.2 Public goods
3.3.3 Externalities
3.3.4 Imperfect information
3.3.5 Government failure
Topic Four: Valuing the Environment 10 2 12 30 42
4.1 The need to value the environmental services
4.2 Types of economics values
4.3 Valuation techniques
4.4 Benefits of valuating the environment
Topic Five: Economics of pollution control 8 4 12 24 36
5.1 Pollution control targets
5.2. Modeling pollution mechanisms
5.3. Pollution control instruments
5.4. Pollution policy with imperfect information
Topic Six: Natural resource exploitation 6 6 18 24
6.1. Allocation of Non-Renewable Resources
6.1.1 NRR extraction in a perfectly competitive
market
155
6.1.2 NRR extraction in a monopolistic market
6.2. Allocation of Renewable Resources
6.2.1. Economics of fishery
6.2.2. Forest Economics

Assessment
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam …..20
References
R. Perman; Y. Ma; J. McGilvray and M. Common, 2003: Natural Resource and Environmental
Economics, 3rd Edition
Tietenberg and Lewis, 2018. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. 11th Edition.
Visions of the Future.
3.43. Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperatives Management (ABVM 431)
Course Description
The course is aimed at equipping learners with knowledge and skills in agribusiness organization
and management. The course covers introduction to agribusiness management; small business
systems; organizational behavior; strategic human resource management; consumer behavior;
marketing law and management; change management; farm business management; and resource
mobilization and budgeting.
Course Objectives:
At the end of this course, learners will be able to:
 Explain agribusiness management
 Apply strategic human resource management
 Identify consumer behavior
156
 Explain marketing law
 Manage change
Course Name Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperatives Management
Prerequisites
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
Topic One: Introduction to Agribusiness 6 6 3 6
Management
1.1 Concept of Agribusiness
1.2 Importance of Agri-Business
1.3 Dimensions of Agri-Business
1.4 Scope of Agribusiness
1.5 Structure of Agribusiness
1.6 Distinctive Features of Agribusiness Management
Topic Two: Small Business and Farmers 8 8 20 38
Cooperatives
2.1 Concept Of Small Business
2.2 Advantages Of Small Business
2.3 Problems Faced By Small Businesses
2.4 Sources Of Funding
2.5 Concept Of Farmer Cooperatives
2.6 Evolution Of Ethiopian Farmers Cooperatives
2.7 Why Are Cooperatives Organized?
2.8 Constraints Of Ethiopian Farmers Cooperatives
2.9 Current Interventions
Topic Three: Organizational Behavior 6 6 36 60
3.1 Importance of Organizational Behavior
3.2 Models and Approaches of Organizational
Behavior
3.3 Autocratic, Custodial, Supportive, and Collegial
Models
157
3.4 Bureaucracy and Scientific Management
Approaches
3.5 Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction
3.6 Organizational Culture, Social Systems, and
Individualization
3.7 Job Satisfaction and Measurement
Topic Four: Strategic Human Resource 6 6 36 54
Management
4.1 Human Resource Management: an Overview
4.2 Job Analysis & Human Resource Planning
4.2 Leadership and Management
Topic Five: Consumer Behavior 6 6 12 21
5.1 Definition of Consumer Behavior
5.2 Consumer Purchase Decision Process
5.3 Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior
Topic Six: Marketing Law and Management 4 4
6.1. Marketing Management
6.2. Nature of Marketing Management
6.3.Functions of Marketing
6.4 Marketing Law
Topic Seven: Change Management 6 4
7.1 Change Management Process
7.2 Roles of Change Management
7.3 Conflict and Conflict Management
7.4 Role of Gender in Change Management
Topic Eight: Farm Business Management 6 4
8.1. Physical Production Relationships
8.2. Management Decisions
8.3. Risk and Uncertainty in Farm Business
Total Course Load 48 - 48 107 179
Assessment
Test……….….10
Quiz…………10
Assignment …10
Mid Exam …..20
References
Cunningham, J. B. & Eberle, T. (1990). A Guide to Job Enrichment and redesign. Personnel, Feb
1990, p.57 in Newstrom, J. & Davis, K. (1993). Organization Behavior: Human Behavior
at Work. New York: McGraw-Hill.
158
Knoster, T., Villa, R., & Thousand, J. (2000). A framework for thinking about systems change.
In R. Villa & J. Thousand (Eds.), Restructuring for caring and effective education:
Piecing the puzzle together (pp. 93-128). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
Koch, C. (2006). The New Science of Change. CIO Magazine, Sep 15, 2006 (pp 54-56). Also
available on the web:http://www.cio.com/archive/091506/change.html
Stephen PP. R. and Timothy A. J. (2012). Essentials of Organizational Behavior, 11th ed.Umass
ISOM MBA Custom Edition Edition. Pearson Prentice-Hall.
John. M. Ivancevich, 1998. Human Resource Management, 7th ed.
Dessler, 1998. Human Resource Management , 9th ed.
Lioyd.L.Bayers and Leslie W.Rue, 1997. Human Resource Management.
Margaret Attwood and Stuart Dim Mock, 1999. Personnel management .
Margaret Foot Caroline Hook, 1998. Introducing Human Resource Management.
Wendell L. French, 1996. Human Resource Management.
Shaun Tyson and Alford york, 2001. An introduction to Human resource Management 1st ed.
3.44. Food and Agricultural Policy (AgEc 441)
Course Description:
This course requires a basic knowledge of Microeconomic and Macroeconomics as a

prerequisite. For most developing countries including Ethiopia, agriculture is the primary
economic activity and employ more than half of active population. However, the levels of
poverty and food insecurity remain high most of developing countries, especially in the rural
areas. Therefore, appropriate agricultural and food policy is vital to the overall economic
development and to achieved food self-sufficient and poverty alleviation. The rationale for
providing Food Security and Agricultural Policy is to equip the students clearly understand basic
concept of food security and agricultural policy; food and nutrition security and indicators; effect
of different agricultural policy and stabilizing markets policy markets stabilizer on food security.
Course Objectives
159
Up on completing this course students should be able to:
 Improve the students‟ understanding and basic knowledge of food security and important
of agricultural policy in order to reduce food security
 Expose learners to the basic concepts and knowledge of challenge and driving forces of
food security
 Increase the students‟ understanding of the outcome of different markets stabilizing
policy instrument and its advantages and disadvantages; and
 Provide learners with clear understanding the impact of different agricultural policy on
food security at macro and micro level
Course Name Food and Agricultural policy
Curse Code AgEc 441
Cr. Hr. / ECTS: 3/5
Prerequisites Microeconomics I and II; Macroeconomics I and II
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic One: Introduction to food security and 6 6 18 24
agricultural policy
1.1 Foundation, Definition and dimensions food
security
1.2 Principles and objectives of agricultural
policy
1.3 Agricultural and food problems in developing
country
1.4 Role of agriculture in poverty and food
insecurity reduction
1.5 Role of agriculture in economic development
of developing countries
Topic Two: Overview of Agricultural and 4 4 12 16
Food policy In Ethiopia
160
2.1 Agricultural Policy in Ethiopia
2.2 Food Security Policy in Ethiopia
Topic Three: Food and Nutrition security and 8 8 24 32
measurement
3.1 Understanding the Hunger, food and
nutritional insecurity and poverty
3.2 Types of Food Insecurity
3.3 Food Security Indictors
3.3.1 Aggregate level food security indicators
3.3.2 Micro level food security indicators
3.3.3 Methods of measuring food security
3.3.3.1 Calorie intake
3.3.3.2 Coping strategy index
3.3.3.3 Hunger scale
3.3.3.4 Consumption preference score
3.3.3.5 Deitary diversity index
3.3.3.6 Cost of basic needs approach
3.4. Dimensions of food security
3.5. Food Consumption Patterns
3.6. Food Balance Sheets (FBS)
3.7. Measurement approaches of poverty
Topic Four: Driving forces of food security 10 10 30 40
4.1 Food production efficiency, productivity and
food security;
4.2 Nature of farming system and food security;
4.3 Resource degradation, Climate Change and
food security
4.4 Gender in food production and food security
4.5 Political instability and food security
4.6 Biotechnology (GMOs) and food security;
4.7 Globalization and food security.
4.8 Migration and food security
4.9 Food safety and food security
Topic Five: Relationship between Stabilizing 10 10 30 40
Agricultural Markets Policy and food security
5.1 Minimum Support Prices
5.2 Procurement Prices
5.3 Public Distribution System
5.4 Buffer Stock and Buffer fund
5.5 Food Stamps and Rationing
5.6 Export-import taxes and Subsidy
Topic Six: Impact of Agricultural Policies on 10 10 30 40
food security
7.1 Exchange rate policy
161
7.2 Marketing policy
7.3 Input policy
7.4 Credit policy
7.5 Land use policy
7.6 Research and Development policy
Assessment
Term Papers ….10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam ….30
References
Roger Norton. 2004. Agricultural Development Policy: Concepts and Experiences. Wiley/FAO,
Rome (Chapters 1 and 2)
Bresciani, F. and Alberto Valdes 2007, Beyond Food Production: The role of agriculture in
poverty reduction. Edgar Elgar/FAO.
FAO. 2019. National gender profile of agriculture and rural livelihoods – Ethiopia. Country
Gender Assessment Series, Addis Ababa. 84 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
Dorosh, P. and Rashid, S. eds., 2013. Food and agriculture in Ethiopia: Progress and policy
challenges. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Pangaribowo, Evita Hanie; Gerber, Nicolas; and Torero, Maximo. 2013. Food and nutrition
security indicators: A review. ZEF Working Paper Series 108. Bonn, Germany: Center
for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn.
http://www.zef.de/fileadmin/webfiles/downloads/zef_wp/wp108.pdf
Alston, J.M and J.S. James. 2002. The incidence of agricultural policy. Chapter 33 in Handbook
of Agricultural Economics, Volume 2, B. Gardner and G. Rausser (eds).Elsevier Science
: pp1690-1700 = Bullock, D.S and K. Salhofer. 2003. Judging agricultural policies: a
survey.Agricultural Economics Vol. 28: pp225-235.
Roger Norton. 2004, Agricultural Development Policy: Concepts and Experiences. Wiley/FAO,
Rome.
Ellis, F. 1992: Agricultural policies in developing countries. CambridgeUniversity Press.
162
Gibbon, Peter , Stefano Poute and Evelyne Lazaro, eds. 2010. Global Agro-Food, Trade and
Standards: Challenges for Africa. Palgrave Macmillan.
Crawford, I. M. 1997. Agricultural and Food Marketing Management. Rome: FAO. 
Gittinger, J. Price, J. Leslie; and C. Hoisington,, eds. 1987. Food Policy: Integrating Supply,
Distribution, and Consumption. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Sage, Colin. 2007. 'Bending Science to Match their Convictions': Hygienist Conceptions of Food
Safety as a Challenge to Alternative Food Enterprises in Ireland. Pp. 203-221 in
Alternative Food Geographies: Representation and Practice. Damian Maye, Lewis
Holloway and Moya Kneafsey (eds.). Oxford, UK: Elsevier.
DeLind, Laura B. and Philip H. Howard. 2008. "Safe at any Scale? Food Scares, Food
Regulation and Scaled Alternatives." Agriculture and Human Values, 25, 3: 301-317.
Pothukuchi, Kami and Jerome Kaufman. 1999. “Placing the Food System on the Urban Agenda:
The Role of Municipal Institutions in Food Systems Planning.” Agriculture and Human
Values. 16: 213-224.
3.45. Practical Attachment (AgEc 451)
Course Description
Students shall be attached for at least two months to identified and approved organizations or
institutions for getting practical (on job) experience on issues related to management, marketing
and financing under close supervision of the departmental or faculty staff. The student should
keep a record for daily work signed by his/her direct supervisor and produce a comprehensive
report on their practical experiences and findings in the prescribed format, verified by the
authorized supervisor, at the end of the period. It is a 2Cr.Hrs/3ECTS course.
Course Objectives:
The main purpose of the course is to provide students with work experience, and exposure to the
real work environment in agribusiness, community and rural development activities so that they
can easily cope with their future careers upon graduation.
163
By the end of the course, students will be able to:
 Adopt the work environments of the institutions they are attached to;
 Take part in professional activities of the organizations they are attached to;
 Learn technical aspects of specific systems such as scientific equipment, computer
software or models, data generation and management systems
 Identify and/or prove themselves to potential employers; and
 Produce report of scientific standard from the observations they make and research data
they collect,
Assessment
 Written Report……………….40%
 Presentation …………………. 30%
 Host institution evaluation…….30%
3.46. Value Chain Analysis and Development (ABVM 222)
Course Description
In this course learners will gain clear insights into the process of value chain formation learn the
process of value chain formation, structure, networks, relationships and chain development
strategies. Students will be able to conduct value chain analysis and apply value chain approach
in development intervention. They will also discuss matters pertinent to business environment,
industrial policy assistance, enhancing institutional support, specific and direct interventions and
programs. They will also appreciate the importance of different organization‟s value chain
development approach.
Course Objectives
This course provides the basis to develop a new value chain as well as improving an existing
value chain by developing value chain strategies. Specifically, the course is intended to enable
student to:
 Explain the basic steps in value chain analysis
 Explain the concept of value chain development and formation
 Apply different value chain approaches and principles for the improvement of the chain
 Determine chain governance or leadership to facilitate chain development
164
 Apply different value chain development and improvement strategies
c
Class Year Year 2 Semester: II
Course Name Value Chain Analysis and Development
Course Code ABVM 222
Prerequisites Introduction to value chain
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
study
1.1. Basic concepts of Value Chain
1.2. Value chain actors
Topic Two: Value chain analysis 10 10 15 25
2.1. Basic concepts in agricultural value
chain analysis
2.2. Purposes of value chain analysis
2.3. Steps in value chain analysis
Topic Three: Value chain governance 8 2 10 12 22
3.1. Concepts of governance
3.2. Importance of governance in value
chain
3.3. Dimension of value chain governance
3.4. Steps in analyzing value chain
governance
Topic Four: Value chain development and 18 4 22 30 52
improvement
4.1. Building a value chain
4.1.1. Principles of value chain
development
4.1.2. Requirements for successful value
chain development
4.1.3. Stages in building a value chain
4.2. Value chain improvement
4.2.1. Stages in value chain improvement
165
4.3. Strategies for chain development and
improvement
4.4. Supporting factors for value chain
development and improvement
4.4.1. Logistics in value chain
4.4.2. Value chain finance: Types and
framework
4.4.3. Value chain information
management
Topic Five: Value chain approaches 10 2 12 15 27
5.1. The Netherlands Development
Organization (SNV‟s) approach
5.2. German Technical Cooperation
(GTZ‟s) approach
5.3. NIMPF approach to value chain
5.4. The ICEBERG approach to value
chain
Assessment
Quiz……………….10
Assignment………..15
Mid Exam ………...25
John Humphrey and Hubert Schmitz (2001). Governance in Global Value Chains. Institute of
Development Studies, IDS Bulletin 32.3, 2001.
John Humphrey, (2005). Shaping Value Chains for Development: Global Value Chains in
Agribusiness. German Technical Cooperation (GTZ), Eschborn. Micro report
number167, USAID, ACDI/VOCA.
M. Porter (1985), Competitive Advantage, Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance,
The Mike Coates, Richard Kitchen, Geoffrey Kebbell, Catherine Vignon, Claude Guillemain and
Robin Hofmeister (2011), Financing Agricultural Value Chains in Africa, - Focus on
Coffee and Sesame in Ethiopia, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
(GIZ) GmbH, Eschborn, Germany
Olaf Van Kooten, 2011. Value chain Management in Horticulture Lecture Note.
166
Paul van Hal, and Gert Jan Hofstede, 2004. Netchain IMProvement Framework: Framework for
chain and network diagnosis and change. Version 3.5. GJH PVH.
RTRS International Technical Group (ITG), 2010. RTRS Standard for Responsible Soy
Production. As an output of their meeting to review the RTRS Principles and Criteria for
Responsible Soy: Field Testing Version 1.0. (Sao Paulo, Brazil 24-27 March 2010).
Ruerd Ruben, Aad van Tilburg, Jacques Trienekens and Martinus van Bokel (2009? ). Linking
market integration, supply chain governance, quality and value added in tropical food
chains. In: Ruerd Ruben, Martinus van Bokel Aad van Tilburg, and Jacques Trienekens
(eds.), Tropical Food Chains: Governance Regimes for Quality Management.
SNV, (2011). SNV‟s value chain development approach. The Netherlands Development
Organization (SNV): http://www.business-ethiopia.com.
Surendra Raj Joshi, (2008). Honey in Nepal: Approach, Strategy, and Intervention for Subsector
Promotion. German Technical Cooperation/Private Sector Promotion-Rural Finance
Nepal (GTZ/PSP-RUFIN).
Timothy J. Sturgeon (2008). From Commodity Chains to Value Chains: Interdisciplinary Theory
Building in an Age of Globalization. In: Frontiers of Commodity Chain
UNIDO (2009), AGRO-VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT, The UNIDO
Approach. A staff working paper. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
ORGANIZATION , Vienna.
Vijayender Reddy, 2011. Lecture Note on Value Chain Finance and on Value Chain Marketing.
Vorst, Van der J.G.A.J., A.J.M. Beulens and P. van Beek (2005), Innovations in Logistics and
ICT in food supply chain networks, in: Innovations in Agri-Food sysyems, (Eds) W.M.F.
Jongen & M.T.G. Meulenberg, Wageningen Academic publishers, Wageningen,
3.47. Entrepreneurship (Mgmt 411)
Course description
This interdisciplinary course is designed to introduce students the meaning and concept of
entrepreneurship, creativity, innovation and their manageable processes that can be applied
across careers and work settings. It focuses on building entrepreneurial attitude and behavior
167
that will lead to creative solution within community and organizational environments. The
course topics include the history of entrepreneurship, the role of entrepreneurs in the globalized
economy and the identification of entrepreneurial opportunities. The development of a business
ideas, products and services, marketing and developing new ventures, the examination of
feasibility studies and the social and ethical implications of entrepreneurship are incorporated.
Besides, issues related to starting and financing a new venture are included. Finally, managing
growth, transition and sustainability of the venture are considered. Also forms of business
organizations, legal and regulatory frameworks of governing the whole system are encomposed
in the course syllabus.
Course Objectives
Upon the completion of this course, students will be able to:
 Define entrepreneurship within the context of society
 Identify business opportunities
 Prepare business plan
 Distinguish forms of business ownership
 Comprehend intellectual property rights in business practices
 Define basic marketing concepts
 Formulate context-based marketing strategies
 Identify and evaluate sources of financing new ventures
 Manage business growth and transition
 Practice ethical business with all stakeholders
Course Title Entrepreneurship
Course Code Mgmt 411
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/ Room
No
Lecture days/ Hours
168
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
hrs. Tutorial total
Topic One: Definition and Concepts 6 6 8
1.1. Definition and philosophy of Entrepreneurship
Vs Entrepreneurs
1.1.1. Historical origin of entrepreneurship
1.2.Type of Entrepreneurs
1.3. Role within the economy
1.4.Entrepreneurial Competence and Environment
1.4.1. Entrepreneurial Mindset
1.4.2. Demographic Factors
1.4.3. Entrepreneurial Environment
1.5. Entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation
Topic Two: Business Planning 9 9 10

2.1. Opportunity Identification and Evaluation
2.2. Business Idea Development
2.2.1 Business Idea Identification
2.2.2 Sources of Business Ideas
2.2.3 Methods for generating Business Ideas
2.3. The Concept of Business Planning
2.4. Business Feasibility
2.5. The Business plan
2.6. Developing a business plan
Topic Three: Business Formation 6 6 8
3.1. The Concept of Business Development
3.2. Forms of Business (a short explanation)
3.3. Definition and Importance of SMEs
3.4. Setting up small scale business
3.5 Roles of SMEs
3.6. Business failure and success factors.
3.6.1 Problems of small scale business in Ethiopia
3.7 Organizational structure and entrepreneurial
team formation
Topic Four: Product or Service Development 6 6 8

4.1. The Concept of product or service technology
4.2. Product or service development Process
4.3 Legal and regulatory frameworks
4.4 Intellectual Property Protection/Product or
service protection
169
4.4.1 Patent
4.4.2 Trademarks
4.4.3 Copyrighting
Topic Five: Marketing 6 6 10
5.1.The Concept and philosophy of
marketing
5.2. Marketing Mix and Strategies
5.3 Marketing Information System
5.3.1 Marketing intelligence
5.3.2 Marketing research
5.5. Competitive analysis
5.6 Selling and Customer Service
Topic Six: Financing the New Business 9 9 10
6.1 Overview of Business Financing
6.2 Source of financing
6.2.1 Equity financing
6.2.2 Debt financing
6.2.2.1 Trade credit
6.2.2.2 Lease financing
6.3 Traditional Financing (Equib/Edir, etc.)
6.4 Crowd Funding
6.5 Micro finance in Ethiopia
Topic Seven: Managing Growth and Transition 6 6 8
7.1. Managing business growth
7.2. New venture expansion strategies
7.3. Business Ethics and Social Responsibility
Total Hours 48 48 62 110
Quiz……………………………….5%
Test……………………………….15%
Individual Assignment…..............10%
Business Plan Preparation………15%
Presentation………………………5%
Final exam…………………….….50%
Recommended Text book

Hirsh Robert. and D. and Peters MichaelP. “Entrepreneurship” Fifth Edition, Tata McGraw Hill
Edition, 2002.
Justin G. Longenecker and Carlos W. Moore, Small Business Management 12th edition, College
Division South Western Publishing Co. Dallas, 2003
Holt David H. “Entrepreneurship – New venture Creation “Eastern Economy Edition, 2000.
170
DonaldF.Kutatko and RichardM.Hodgetts, “Entrepreneurship: A Cotemporary Approach” Fourth
Edition.
HailayGebretinsae, Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management, 2nd Edition. approach “.
Fourth Edition, the Dryden Press, 1998.
3.48. Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis (AgEc 412)
Course description
This course is primarily designed to introduce students with the basic concepts of agricultural
and rural development projects and to make them have an insight into the role of projects
towards development of the country. The course introduces students with the basic concepts of
agricultural and rural development projects and to make them have an insight into the role of
projects towards development of the country. The course acquaints students with basic
principles, approaches, techniques and activities in the project cycle. Starting from conceiving
the idea of a project to its screening, analysis and project appraisal, financing of the project and
project implementation and finally its evaluation is the part of the discussion in the course. The
introduces about different aspects of an agricultural project, reasons why agricultural projects
fails, projects cycle management, the concept of Logical Frame Work Approach and gender
mainstreaming in planning. Furthermore, project planning and analysis as a learning task in this
educational unit focuses on investment appraisal by using financial and economic approach.
Course Objectives
At the end of the course, students are expected to be able to:

 understand the concept of agricultural projects, their features and their role towards
national development;
 get an insight into the project costs and benefits, project cycle and sources of idea about
it;
 understand the different aspects of project preparation and analysis identify different
approaches to cost-benefit analysis of agricultural projects; and
171
 get an understanding about the different methods of selecting or appraising agricultural
projects.

Course Name Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis
Curse Code AgEc 412
Credit hours 3/5
Prerequisites
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic One: Concepts, features and importance of 4 4 16 20
agricultural projects
1.1. The project concept
1.2. Linkage between Programs and Projects
Topic Two: Aspects of project preparation and 6 8 18 26
analysis
2.1. Aspects of Project Preparation & Framework of
analysis
Topic Three: Project cycle management 10 2 12 30 42
3.1. Project Life Cycle – World Bank Approach
3.2. Project Life Cycle – UNIDO Approach
3.3. The Logical Framework Approach (LFA)
3.4. Problem Tree Analysis
3.4. Gender in project cycle
Topic Four: Project Costs and Benefits 10 2 12 30 42
4.1. Objectives, Costs and Benefits
4.2. Costs and Benefits: In Financial and Economic
Analysis
172
4.3. Intangible Costs and Benefits
4.4. Tangible Benefits of projects
Topic Five: Financial Analysis 8 4 12 24 36
5.1. Objectives of Financial Analysis
5.2. Pricing Project Costs and Benefits
5.3. Financial Ratios
Topic Six: Economic and Social Analysis 6 6 18 24
6.1. Purpose of Economic Analysis
6.2. Economic and social cost benefit analysis
6.3. Approaches of measuring Economic Cost and
Benefit of a project
6.4. Economic Export and Import Parity Price
6.5. Valuation of Non-traded Goods
6.6. Valuing Externalities
Topic Seven: Evaluation and appraisal of 4 4 16 20
projects
7.1. Undiscounted methods
7.2. Discounted measure of project worth
Assessment
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam …..20
References
Behrens, W. and P.Hawrank. (1991). Manual for the preparation of industrial feasibility studies.
United Nations Industerial Development Organizations (UNIDO).
Chandra P.(1995). Projects: Planning, Analysis, selection, implementation and 4th edition. Tata
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
Edwin Flippo and Gary Munsinger. (1970). Project Management, 3rd edition Boston: Allyn and
Bacon.
Gittinger P. (1982) .Economic Analysis of Agricultural Projects, 2nd Edition, EDI Series in
Economic Development Institute of the World Bank, the Johnson Hopkins University
Press, USA.
173
Lumpy, Stephen. (1991). “Investment Appraisal and Financing Decisions”, fourth edition,
Chapman and Hall, London.
Potts D. (2002).Project planning and Analysis for development. Lynne Rienner publishers.
3.49. Agricultural Marketing (AgEc 422)
Course Description
The aim of this course is to able student to use pricing methods, marketing functions and
marketing mixes and institutions involved in farm product marketing, expose students to the
economic role of marketing and approaches to the study of agricultural markets in Ethiopia and
elsewhere. Expose students to the concepts of marketing and marketing systems; features of
marketing and marketing philosophies and communication tools in agricultural marketing; to
equip students with economic theory and analytical tools to analyze the market forces that affect
commodity and food prices. Provide students with practical experience with application of
marketing tools to analyze and interpret marketing data and Make students to understand how
economists deal with marketing costs, channels and marketing margins.
Course Objective
After completing this course, the students should be able to:

 Understand role of agriculture and food marketing in economic development
 Understand markets and marketing concepts in agriculture
 -Used pricing strategies and marketing orientations for effective market
performance;
 Identify marketing channels, costs and margins at different marketing stages
 Identify problems and features of agricultural marketing and differentiate
marketing of agricultural and manufacturing goods
 Use marketing communication and Conduct market research to made decision of
agricultural firms
 Estimate demand and supply functions of various agricultural products
174
Course Name Agricultural marketing
Curse Code AgEc 422
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topics Contact Hours Independent Tota
Lecture Practice Sub- work l hrs
/tutors total
1. The concepts of markets and marketing 8 3 11 24 35
1.1. Definition of markets and marketing
1.2. Concepts of market and marketing
1.3. Characterizing markets and market
classification
1.4. Marketing and marketing system
1.5. Features of marketing
1.6. Market philosophies‟
2. Agricultural Marketing and marketing functions 10 3 13 30 43
2.1. Agricultural marketing
2.1.1. Importance of agricultural and food
marketing
2.1.2. Link between agriculture and food
industry
2.1.3. Problems in Agricultural Marketing
2.1.4. Problems of AM in Ethiopia
2.1.5. Marketing of Agricultural and
Manufactured Goods
2.2. Marketing functions
2.2.1. Marketing functions
2.2.2. Institutions involved in marketing
2.2.3. Marketing communication
2.3. Approaches of marketing researches
1. Commodity approach
2. Institutional approach
3. Market orientation and price setting 8 3 11 24 35

3.1. Market orientations
3.2. Driving forces of market orientation
175
3.3. Pricing and pricing objectives
3.4. Pricing methods
4. Demand and supply in Agricultural marketing 7 4 11 21 32
4.1. Concepts of demand analysis
4.2. Elasticity of demand
4.3. Demand forecasting
4.4. Concepts of supply analysis
4.5. Market equilibrium
5. Marketing Channels, Costs and Margins for 8 - 8 24 32
Farm Product
5.1. Marketing channels
5.2. Marketing margins
5.3. Marketing costs
6. Marketing efficiency and performance 7 4 11 12 23
5.1. 6.1. Physical /allocative efficiency
6.2. Price efficiency
6.3. Structure, Conduct and performance in
agricultural marketing
6.4. Market Integration and Product
differentiation
Total 48 18 66 144 21
0
Assessment Methods
Continuous assessment ( exercises, tests and quiz ) 20%
Term paper Assignment 30%
References
Crawford I.M., 1997. Agricultural and Food Marketing Management, FAO of the United
Nations, Rome
Kohls, R.L. and Uhl, J.N. (1990) Marketing of Agricultural Products, 6th edition, New York,
Macmillan Publishing Company.
Kohls, R. L. and Uhl, J. N. 2002. Marketing of Agricultural Products. Ninth Edition. Prentice
Hall, chapters 11.
Kohls, R.L., and Uhl, J.N. 1990. Marketing Of Agricultural Products, 7th edition, Macmillan
Publishing Company, pp. 196–197.
Kotler, P and G., Armstrong, 2004. Principles of Marketing, Prentice-Hall, Inc. 10th ed. New
Jersey, USA.
176
McCarthy E.J., and W.D. Perreault, 1993. Basic Marketing: A global managerial approach, 7th
Ed., Library of Congress, USA.
Smith, L.D. 1981. A Methodology For Measuring Marketing Costs And Margins For Foodstuffs
In Developing Countries.” In: Post Harvest Operations: Workshop Proceedings, FAO
Network And Centre For Agricultural Marketing Training In Eastern And Southern
Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe, pp. Agricultural Marketing and Pricing
3.50. Institutional and Behavioral Economics (AgEc 432)
Course Description
This course is designed to provide students with roles and importance of institutions (informal
and formal rules and norms of behavior) and transaction costs in the organization, structure and
development of economic activity. In particular, the course consists of the concepts and roles of
institutions; key theoretical constructs; demand for institutions and the role of transaction costs;
property rights; measurement of transaction costs; governance structures; institutional changes in
the process of development; and general framework of collective action. The behavioral aspect
of this course helps to introduce students the basic principles and methods of behavioral
economics applications. Accordingly, they can incorporate insights from other social sciences,
such as psychology and sociology, into economic models and attempts to explain anomalies that
defy standard economic analysis.
Course Objectives
After successful completion of this course students are expected to:

 differentiate formal and informal institutions;
 explain the concepts of property rights;
 analyze the role of institutions in economic development;
 apply the concepts and methods of institutional economics in the analysis of institutions
of the society;
 identify the sources of transaction costs;
177
 evaluate governance structures;
 measure transaction costs using different approaches;
 Identify evidence for systematic departures of economic behavior from the neoclassical
model;
 understand the driving forces of various economic behaviors;
 identify the flexibility and limitations of economic approach to modeling behavior; and
 describe the key behavioral assumptions of neoclassical economics

Program/ Class Year Agricultural Economics
course Name Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Curse Code AgEc 432
Cr. Hr./ ECTS 3/5
Prerequisites Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
Topic One: Concepts and Roles of Institutions 6 6 18 24
2.3 Definition of institution

2.4 Informal and formal rules and norms of behavior
2.5 The function of institution
2.6 The interdependence of institutions
2.7 Institutions and development
2.8 Institutions in economics
Topic Two: Key Theoretical and Analytical Constructs 8 8 21 29
2.9 Property rights

2.10 Transaction costs
2.11 Contracts
2.3.1. The definition of a contract
2.3.2.Legal and economic approaches to contract
178
2.3.3.Classification of contracts: classical, neoclassical,
and relational
2.12 Judicial decision making
2.13 Markets and firms
Topic Three: Demand for Institutions 3 3 6 8
2.14 The role of transaction costs

2.15 Interdependence between transaction costs and
institutions
Topic Four: Measurement of Transaction Costs 7 7 22 29
7.7 The concept of transaction
7.8 Transaction and transformation costs
7.9 Ordinal and cardinal approaches
7.10 Two traditions of law (common and continental and
property rights) approaches
Topic Five: Governance Structure 6 6 16 22
7.11 Market governance

7.12 Bilateral governance
7.13 Trilateral governance
7.14 Unified governance
7.15 Efficient governance: vertical integration
Topic Six: Institutional Changes In The Process of 8 8 22 30
Development
6.5 Types of institutional changes

6.1.1 Path determinacy
6.1.2 Path dependence
6.1.3 Path independence
6.6 Interpretation of economic development as a process
of institutional evolution
6.7 Stability of institutions and institutional change
6.8 The main sources of institutional change
6.9 The concept of institutional equilibrium
Topic Seven: Basics of Behavioral Economics 10 10 28 38
7.1 What is behavioral economics?

7.2 Themes and methods of behavioral economics
7.3 Anticipation and information avoidance
7.4 Making choices under risk: prospect theory
7.5 Social preferences
7.5.1 distributional social preferences
7.5.2 intensions based social preferences
7.5.3 the possibility of self-deception
179
7.6 Behavioral game theory
7.7 Nudges, policy and happiness
Assessment
Term Paper(s)….10
Quiz…………10
Mid Exam …..30
References
Angner, E. A Course in Behavioral Economics, 2nd Edition, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.
Bowles, S. Microeconomics: Behavior, Institutions, and Evolution. Princeton, 2004.
Bromely, Daniel w, Economic interests and institutions; The conceptual foundation of public
policy, New York and Oxford; Basil Blackwell,1989
Edward, C. Behavioral Economics, 3rd Edition, Routledge, 2018.
North, Douglass C, Institutions, institutional change and economic performance, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, 1990.
Ostrom, E. Understanding institutional diversity. Published by Princeton University Press, 41
William Street, 2005.
Platteau, J.-P. Institutions, Social norms and economic development, Amsterdam; Harwood
Academic Publishers, 2000.
Sandler, Tood, Collective Action; Theory and Application, University of Michigan Press,1992
Schmid, A. Conflict and Cooperation: Insitutional & Behavioral Economics, Blackwell, 2004.
Tadelis, S. Game theory: An introduction, Princeton University Press, 2013.
Thaler, R. Misbehaving: The Making of Behavioral Economics, W. W. Norton & Company,
2016.
Wilkinson, N. and Klaes, M. An Introduction to Behavioral Economics, 3rd Edition, Palgrave
Macmillan, 2018.
Williamson, O.E. Transaction cost economics. In handbook of Industrial Organization, edited by
R.D willig; Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. 1989.
World Bank, World development Report 2002; Building institutions for markets. Oxford; oxford
University Press, 2002.
180
3.51. Development Economics (AgEc 442)
Course Description
Development economics draws on several branches of economics in order to elucidate and

understand the development difficulties facing the economies of the world‟s poor countries and
the economic mechanisms that must be taken into account in raising living standards. This
course provides an overview of theories and models of growth and development; and other issues
such as growth and income distribution; growth and structural change; structural features and
characteristics of the Third World; historic growth and lessons learned; growth, poverty and
income distribution. The theories on growth and development will be evaluated in terms of the
economic realities of the fewer developing countries (LDCs).
Course Objectives
After successful completion of this course students will be able to:
 Explain basic concepts of economic development,
 Discuss various theories and models of economic growth and development,
 Evaluate the efficacy of these theories and models in solving the problems of under
development,
 Analyze the relationship between development theory and practice,
 Describe the features and common characteristics of less developing countries,
 Participate in development policy formulation and evaluation, and
 Differentiate concepts of poverty, inequality and income distribution

Class year Year 4 Semester II
Course Title Development Economics
Credit hrs./ ECTS 3/5
Pre-requisites
181
Lecture days/ Hours
Tutor name e-mail:
Consultation hours
Contact hrs. Total
Independent
Topic Lecture Practical/ Sub-
study
hrs. tutorial total
Topic One: Introduction 4 0 4 12 16
1.1. Definition and Current Interest in
Development Studies
1.2. Nature of Development Economics
Topic Two: Economic Growth and Development 6 2 8 18 26
2.1 Concepts of Economic Growth and
Development
2.2. Core Values of Development
2.3. Meaning and Challenges of Development
2.4. Measuring Development: Key Indicators
Topic Three: Structural Features and Common 4 1 5 15 20
Characteristics of the Third World
3.1. Some Classifications of Developing
Countries
3.2. The Structure of Third World Economies
3.3. Common Characteristics of the Third World
Topic Four: Theories of Economic Development 7 2 9 27 36
4.1 The Classical Theory
4.2 The Marxian Theory
4.3 The Keynesian Theory
4.4 Lewis Theory of Unlimited Supplies of Labor
4.5 Balanced Vs Unbalanced Growth Theory
4.6 Dualistic Theories
Topic Five: Economic Growth Models 7 2 9 27 36
5.1 Rostow‟s Stages of Economic Growth
5.2 Harrod- Domar Model
5.3 The Solow Model
5.4 Stylized Facts and Steady State Growth
182
Topic Six: History, Expectations and 4 1 5 15 20
Development
1.1 Complementarities
1.2 Coordination failure, Linkages and policy
1.3 History versus Expectations
1.4 Increasing returns
1.5 Competition, Multiplicity and International
Trade
Topic Seven: Growth, Poverty and Income 6 2 8 24 32
Distribution
7.1 Inequality and World poverty
7.2 Size and functional distribution of income
7.3 Measuring of inequality and absolute poverty
in the Third world
7.4 Economic Characteristics of Poverty Groups
7.5 Women and Poverty
Total hrs. 38 10 48 144 192
Assessment Methods
Assignments 20%
Mid-exam 30%
Total 100%
References
Todaro, M.P (1997), Economic Development
Jonnes, C.I (2002), Introduction to Economic Growth, 2nd edition
Arndt, H.W. (1981). "Economic Development: A Semantic History," Economic Development
and Cultural Change: The Chicago University Press
Debraj Ray (1998). Development Economics, Princeton University Press,
Dwight H. Perkins, Steven Radelet, Donald R. Snodgrass, Malcolm Gillis and Michael Roemer
(2001). Economics of Development, 5th edition, New York: W. W. Norton.
Gerald M. Meier (2005), Biography of a Subject: An Evolution of Development Economics,
Oxford University Press
Jeffrey D. Sachs (2005).The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time, Penguin
Books
183
Meier, Gerald M. and James E. Rauch (2005). Leading Issues in Economic Development. 8th ed.
Oxford University Press.
Michael Todaro and Stephen C. Smith (2008). Economic Development, 10th Ed., Addison
Wesley.
Smith, Charles; Rees, Gareth (1998). Economic Development, 2nd edition. Basingstoke
3.52. Economics of Climate Change
Content Description
Climate Change in Agricultural Economics aims to provide students with a foundational

understanding of climate change science, as well as the opportunity to think critically about its
economic consequences and opportunities to apply that expertise in climate change response
activities and market studies. The course covers theoretical understanding of the evolving
climate system, as well as the causes of climate change and its biophysical implications.
Implement and evaluate economic analyses of climate change. This study focuses on cost-benefit
analyses of climate change mitigation, the role of adaptation, and alternative approaches to
quantifying climate change impacts, particularly in agriculture and agricultural business. The
course encourages critical thinking about economic analysis, including uncertainties about the
underlying science and how to value costs and benefits; and the role of norms and values,
especially concerning the health effects of climate change. The course also provides an
introduction to the climate change policies and carbon emission arguments. Putting climate
change in the framework of economic analysis, we can consider greenhouse gas emissions,
which cause planetary warming and other changes in weather patterns, as both a cause of
environmental externalities and a case of the overuse of a common property resource.
Course Objectives
At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
 Understand the concepts and theories of climate change
184
 Understand causes and relationships between agriculture and climate change.
 Describe climate change effects on major economic activities (agriculture, industry and
service sectors) and impacts and contributions of these activities to climate change
 Explain and critically evaluate alternative approaches to assessing the economic effects
of climate change, particularly in agriculture, and the role for adaptation and mitigation.
 Apply knowledge of the science and responses against climate change including climate
smart agricultural practices, adoption and mitigation and effective communication
strategies
 Apply cost and benefit analysis concepts in valuation of climate change damage in
agriculture and cost and benefits climate change adaptation and mitigation practices
 Assess the link between climate change and food and nutrition security in developing
countries
 Explain the scientific and economic implications of climate change in agriculture and
develop ideas for effective policy responses in the context of your country
Course Thematic Plan
Program Agribusiness and Value chain management

Course Name Economics of Climate Change
Curse Code AgEc 462
Prerequisites None
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topics Contact Hours
Lecture Practice/ Sub- Independent Total
tutors total work hrs
Topic One: Introduction to climate change 4 - 4 10 14
1.1. Concepts of climate change
185
1.2. Causes of climate change
1.3. Predictable and unpredictable
climate change
Topic Two: Climate change and Agriculture 6 2 8 20 28
2.1 Climate change vs crop production
2.2 Climate change vs livestock
production
2.3 Climate change and agriculture sector
2.4 Climate change and Industry sector
2.5 Climate change and Service sector
Topic Three: Causes and Consequences of 6 2 8 10 18
Climate Change
3.1 Major causes of climate change
3.2 Major consequences of climate
change
3.3 Trends in Global Carbon Emissions
3.4 Trends and Projections for Global
Climate
Topic Four: Impacts of Climate Change 8 2 10 24 34
4.1 Environmental impacts of climate
change
4.2 Climate change and crop production
4.3 Health impacts of climate change
4.4 Livestock production and climate
change
4.5 Climate change and food security
Topic Five : Responses to Climate Change 7 4 11 21 32
5.1 Climate Change and Forest
Management
5.2 Climate Change and Water
Resources: Responses and Adaptation
5.3 Principles and Practices of Climate
Vulnerability Assessment
5.4 Uncertainties in Climate Change
5.5 Climate Change and Ecosystem
Services
5.6 Effective Communications in Climate
Change
Topic Six: Economics of climate change in 10 6 16 30 46

agriculture
6.1 types of costs in the valuation of
climate change damages
6.2 assumptions and uncertainties in the
186
economic analyses of climate change
6.3 Cost and benefit of adaptation and
mitigation
6.4 Economics health control of climate
6.5 Economic valuation of climate
change effect on agriculture
6.6 challenges in valuation of costs and
benefits from mitigation and
adaptation activities
Topic Seven: Climate Change Policies and 8 4 12 24 36

Economic development
7.1 climate change and well-being in
developing countries
7.2 roles for adaptation and mitigation
efforts in growing water crisis
7.3 climate-smart development policies
7.4 one health approach in livestock
practice
7.5 carbon emission police and argument
Total 49 20 69 139 208
Assessment Methods
 Continuous assessment (Tests, exercises, quiz )
40%
 Term/Seminar paper
30%
 Final examination
50%
References
Harris, J.M., Roach, B. and Environmental, J.M.H., 2017. The economics of global climate
change. Global Development And Environment Institute Tufts University.
Bates, B.C., Z.W. Kundzewicz, S. Wu and J.P. Palutikof.2008. Climate Change and Water.
IPCC Technical Paper VI. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva,Switzerland.
Dana Brown Haine. 2016. A Student Exploration of the Impacts of Climate Change on Human
Health in the United States. Teaching module
187
Charles Fant and Len Wrigh. 2010. Adapting to Climate Change: An Integrated Biophysical and
Economic Assessment. UN World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki,
Finland. Working Paper 101.
Collier, Paul, Gordon Conway and Tony Venables, 2008. Climate Change and Africa:
Adaptation and Mitigation.
Congressional Budget Office. 2003. The Economics of Climate Change: A
Munasinghe, 2010. Global Climate Change: Economic and Policy Issues. World Bank
Environment, World Bank, Washington, DC. Paper No. 12
Walthall, C.L. et al. 2012. Climate Change and Agriculture in the United States: Effects and
Adaptation. USDA Technical Bulletin 1935. Washington, DC. 186 pp.
3.53. Senior Research Project (AgEc 462)
Course description
Students are expected to write and submit complete reports of their senior research project to
their research advisors assigned by the department. The course coordinator will orient the
students. The students will prepare a senior research report under close supervision of their
research advisors. The students are required to prepare a senior research report based on the
proposal they have presented earlier. Evaluation is based on research report write up and
presentation. The scope of the study‟s topic will related to:
 The role of determinants, or opportunities identified to be exploited;
 Problems identified to be solved, to affect the performance Agricultural industry and/or
Agricultural sectors economy, for the better benefit from the sector as well as societies
wellbeing.
Course Objectives:
The course is aimed at helping students:

 To develop and examine students‟ analytical and scientific writing kills.
188
 Able to write a compressive research report after the conduct of the research,
 Able to develop the skill of scientific research communication that will be applicable
in their future career
Course Name Senior Research Project
Prerequisites Senior Research Proposal (AgEc 372)
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
study
Topic One: Introduction 3 30
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Scope and Limitations of the Study
1.5 Significance of the \Study
Topic Two: Literature Review
2.1 Concept and Definition
2.2 Theoretical Review
2.3 Conceptual Framework
2.4 Empirical Review
Topic Three: Research Methodology
3.1 Area Description
3.2 Data collection Approaches
3.3 Sampling Techniques
3.4 Method of Data Analysis
Topic Four: Result And Discussion
4.1 Demographic result and discussion
4.2 Model results and discussion
Topic Five: Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
Topic Six: Reference
189
Total Course Load 48 30 78
Assessment
3.54. Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (FSPT 412)
Course description
The course is designed to equip students with the basics of human nutrition and the various
nutrition sensitive agricultural practices. The course will enable them to design and implement
nutrition sensitive agricultural programs, promote and assist production and consumption of
diversified foods, and contribute for the improvement of the nutritional status of mothers,
children and the public at large. At the end of the course students will be able to explain the
basics of human nutrition and its relation with gender and demonstrate nutrition sensitive
agricultural practices through multi-sectoral approach.
Course Objectives:
At the end of the course students will be able to
 Explain the basics of human nutrition
 Explain the life cycle approach for nutrition
 Explain food production utilization trends associated with different cultures including
food taboos, food preferences (aversions and cravings) that contribute to malnutrition
 Demonstrate diversified agricultural production and consumption
 Describe good agricultural practice (GAP) and good hygienic practice (GHP)
 Describe appropriate postharvest handling techniques in the food value chain
 Identify the effects of post-harvest handling, processing and preservation on nutrient
content food
 Identify the role of gender in food production and consumption

190
Course Name Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture
Course Code FSPT 412
Prerequisites Crop Production and Management; Animal Production and
Management
Lecture days /Hours
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic One Basics of human nutrition 6 6
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Definition of basic terms (food, nutrient, nutrition,
meal, diet etc.)
1.3. Food groups and their sources
1.4. Nutrients and their functions
1. 1.5. Food and nutrition security
1.6. Malnutrition (forms, consequences, and causes)
1.6.1. Definition of basic concept of malnutrition
1.6.2. Causes of malnutrition
1.6.3. Forms of malnutrition
1.6.4. Status of malnutrition in Ethiopia
2. 1.6.5. Impact of malnutrition
3. 1.7. Nutrition Intervention Strategies to combat
malnutrition
Topic Two: Diversification of Agricultural 7 7
Production and Food Consumption
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Diversified food production to improve nutrition
2.3. Method of food Diversification to improve
Household Nutritional Status
2.3.1. Home Garden Production
2.3.2. Production of Fruits and Vegetables
2.3.3. Production and Utilization of Animal-Source
Foods
2.3.4. Production and Consumption of Underutilized
Foods
2.3.5. Promoting Production and Consumption of
Legumes
191
2.4. Agriculture -nutrition impact pathways
2.4.1. Agricultural Production for Own Consumption
2.4.2. Agricultural Production that Increase household
Income
2.4.3. Agricultural production that contributes for
reduction of food prices
2.4.4. Agriculture program that promote empowerment
of women
2.5. Diversification of Household Food Consumption
2.6. Nutrient enrichment /modification strategies
2.6.1. Food Fortification
2.6.2. Bio fortification
2.6.3. Agronomic bio-fortification
Topic Three: Safe Production and Post-Harvest 5
Handling of Agricultural Products
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Safety of Agricultural Products
3.2.1. Definition of food safety and related terms
3.2.2. Food quality versus food safety
3.2.3. Food safety hazards
3.2.4. Safety and Quality Management Systems
3.2.5. Food safety and nutrition linkage
3.3. Postharvest Handling
3.3.1 Basic principles of post-harvest handling
3.3.2. Postharvest loss
3.3.3. Causes of postharvest losses
3.3.4. Impacts of postharvest loss on food and nutrition
security
3.3.5. Pre and post-harvest food safety problems
and associated health risks
Topic Four: Gender and Nutrition 4
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Basic terminologies in gender
4.3. gender role in food production and consumption
4.4. Gender equality and equity for nutrition
4.5. Empowering women in food production and
consumption
4.5.1. Women‟s access and control over assets
4.5.2. Labor, time and energy saving technologies for
women
4.5.3. Involvement of Male in
Topic Five: Social Behavioral Change 3 5
Communication (SBCC) for Nutrition
5.1. Introduction
192
5.2. The Culture of Food Consumption in Ethiopia
5.2.1. Food Preferences and Nutrition
5.2.2. Food Taboos and Nutrition
5.2.3. Food sharing among family members
5.3. Nutrition Education, Counseling and
communication
5.4. Nutrition social Behavioral Change
Communication (NBCC)
5.5. Tools for nutritional behavioral change
communication
5.6. Nutrition Extension through SBCC/NBCC
Topic Six: Multi-sectoral Collaboration for 3 3
nutrition
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Multi-sectoral Nature of Nutrition
6.3. The Ethiopian National Nutrition Program
6.4. Roles and responsibilities of various sectors
6.5. Role of agriculture and livestock sector in the NNP
II
6.6. Strengthening multi sectoral coordination
Topic Seven: Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation 3 3

of Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture(NSA)
Interventions
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Basic principles of planning for NSA interventions
7.2.1. Program principles
7.2.2. Policy principles
7.3. Monitoring and evaluation indicators for NSA
activities
Total Course Load 48 48 94
Assessment
Quiz…………….10%
Test………………15%
Assignment……..25%
Final Exam …………………. 50%
193

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Final

Nationally Harmonized Curriculum for

Complied and Revised by School of Agricultural

Haramaya University, College of Agriculture and

1.2 Rationale of the Program

1.3 Program Objectives

The specific objectives of this academic program are to:

S. No Resource Quantity Remark

1.5 Graduate (Professional) Profile

The intended graduate of Agricultural Economics is generally capable to develop economic

 Participate in design, implementation and evaluation of agricultural development projects;

1.6 Program Profile

1.6.1 Duration of the Degree Program

A four-year academic time is required to acquire a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree in

1.6.2 Admission Requirements

1.6.3 Graduation Requirements

1.6.4 Degree Nomenclature

The medium of instruction for the program is ENGLISH.

1.6.6 Mode of Delivery, Assessment and Evaluation Methods

1.6.6.1 Mode of Delivery

1.6.6.2 General Teaching and Learning Policy

1.6.6.3 General Assessment and Evaluation Methods

Raw Mark Interval- Corresponding fixed Correspon Status Class Description

 Designing institutional self-assessment at program level (e.g. course evaluation, course

1.8 Course Coding

I. Core Courses (Departmental)

No. Courses Name Course code Cr. hr

III. Supportive Courses (Departmental)*

IV. Supportive (Non-Departmental)

Year III Semester II

3.1 Critical Thinking

Upon completion of this course the students will be able to:

Program Agricultural Economics

Topic Six: Categorical Propositions 8 24 32

3.2 Communicative English Skills I (Flen 1011)

Communicative English Skills is a course designed to enable students to communicate in English

 Express themselves in social and academic events in English-Use English intelligibly

Content and Thematic Plan

Program Agricultural Economics

3.3. Geography of Ethiopia and the Horn (GeES 101)

Topic Two: The Geology of Ethiopia and The (5hrs

Topic Five: The Climate of Ethiopia and the (7hrs

3.4 Basic Mathematics for Natural Sciences (Math 101N)

Topic One: Propositional logic and Set 14

Total Course Load

3.5 General psychology (Psch 1011)

 Up on the completion of this course, students will be able to:

Topic Four: Memory and Forgetting

Topic Six: Personality

Topic Seven: Psychological Disorders and

Topic Eight: Introduction to Life Skills

Topic Nine: Intra-Personal and Personal

Topic Ten: Academic Skills

Topic Eleven: Social Skills

Total Course Load

 By the end of this course the students will be able to:

Total Course Load

3.7 Introduction to Emerging Technologies (EmTe1012)

3.9. Anthropology (Anth 101)

1. Introducing Anthropology and its Subjects

5. Theories of inter-ethnic relations and

3.10. History of Ethiopia and the Horn (Hist 102)

Topic Two: Peoples and Cultures in Ethiopia and