ACTIVITIES IN AIRBORNE DISEASES

Maniago, Aizel D.

ACTIVITY 1: Test your knowledge! Using the table below, supply the information regarding
measles. When finished, kindly take a photo of your output and post it in the discussion forum
for this part of the lesson.

Causative agent: Rubeola virus

Incubation Period:
Mode of transmission:
Source of Infection:
Pattern of appearance of rashes:
Ten days after the exposure; 13-15
days before appearance of rashes
Directly thru: droplet infection
(cough/sneeze)
Indirectly thru: articles newly
contaminated with respiratory
secretions from the sick patients
Urine, blood and secretions from
eyes, nose and throat
Centripetal (exposes to unexposed)

ACTIVITY 2: Using the table below, differentiate rubeola from rubella as to evolution,
characteristic of fever, prodromal, pathognomonic sign and severity of catarrhal symptoms.
When finished, kindly take a photo of your output and post it in the discussion forum for this
part of the lesson.

Rubeola Rubella
Evolution Very slow (3-5 days) Rapid (within 24
hours)
Fever High (38-41 degrees Low-grade fever
Celsius)
Prodromal Long and severe Mild and shorter
Pathognomonic sign Koplik’s spots Forscheimer’s spots
Catarrhal symptoms Colds, frequent Mild: colds, frequent
sneezing, watery eyes, sneezing, watery eyes,
stuffing of the nose, runny nose, increased
increased secretion and secretion and
discharge of mucus discharge of mucus
ACTIVITY 3: Using the table below, describe/define the different lesions that occur in
chickenpox. When finished, kindly take a photo of your output and post it in the discussion
forum for this part of the lesson.

Lesion Description
macule circumscribed alterations in skin color; the skin
surface is neither. elevated or depressed in relation
to the surrounding skin
papule A circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible
fluid, varying in area from a pinhead to 1 cm.
vesicles Appearance of many rashes that typically consist of or
begin with tiny-to-small fluid-filled blisters.
crust A dried exudate on the skin surface, either serum,
blood or pus or a combination.
scabs Scaly, silvery, sharply defined skin patches.

ACTIVITY 4: Answer the questions/statement below and write your answer in a piece of paper
then take a photo of your answer sheet and post it in the discussion forum for this part of the
lesson.

1. Discuss how a person with a past history of chickenpox develops shingles.

A past history of chicken pox develops into shingles because after experiencing chicken
pox, the virus becomes dormant in the basal nerve ganglia of the spinal nerve tracts. When
the virus is reactivated, it travels along the peripheral nerves of the skin where they
multiply and produce painful vesicular eruptions.

2. What is the antibiotic commonly prescribed to patients with shingles? What is the
specific purpose in administering it to patients with shingles?

The most common antibiotic prescribed to patients with shingles is Acyclovir. The
purpose of giving this particular medication is to shorten the duration and lessen the
spread of pathogens while slowing vesicle formation.

ACTIVITY 5: Do what is asked below and write your answer in a piece of paper then take a
photo of your answer sheet and post it in the discussion forum for this part of the lesson.

1. Discuss briefly what is mumps.

 Mumps is defined as an acute viral illness with symptoms such as swelling in one or both
parotid glands, sometimes involving glandular structures such as the testes in male.

2. Identify its most common complication and describe this complication including its
manifestations.

The most common complication of mumps is orchitis in which it is the

inflammation of one or both testicles. Symptoms include swelling in one or both
testicles, pain ranging from mild to severe, fever, nausea and vomiting and general
feeling of unwellness (malaise).

ACTIVITY 6: List down the 5 cardinal signs of pneumonia. Write your answer in a piece of paper
then take a photo of your answer sheet and post it in the discussion forum for this part of the
lesson.

5 Cardinal signs of Pneumonia

1. Paroxysmal coughing
2. Chest pain
3. Sputum production
4. Fever
5. Shaking chills

ACTIVITY 7: Using the table below, identify the three quantitative classifications of PTB and
describe each. Write your answer in a piece of paper then take a photo of your answer sheet
and post it in the discussion forum for this part of the lesson.

Classification Description
1. Minimal Manifested by slight lesions without demonstrable
excavation, confined to a small part of one lobe or both.
2. Moderately advanced One or both lungs may be involved in which the volume
affected should not extend to one lobe and the total
diameter of the cavity should not extend four centimeters.
3. Far advanced Lesions are more extensive then moderate.
ACTIVITY 8: Using the table below, list down the signs of meningeal irritation and increased
intracranial pressure. Write your answer in a piece of paper then take a photo of your answer
sheet and post it in the discussion forum for this part of the lesson.

Signs of Meningeal Irritation Signs of Increased Intracranial

Pressure
Nuchal and spinal rigidity (prone and Bulging fontanel in infants
supine)

Neck, shoulder and back stiffness Nausea and projectile vomiting

Opisthotonos Severe frontal headache

Resistance to neck flexion Blurring of vision and alteration of

sensorium
(+) Kernig’s sign

(+) Brudzinski’s sign

WRAP UP ACTIVITY:
Write the causative agent, other terms used to refer to the infectious disease, incubation
period and pathognomonic sign. Use the table below. After completing the table, take a photo
of your answer and placed it in the discussion forum.

Disease Other term Causative Incubation Pathognomonic

agent period sign
Measles 7-day Rubeola virus 10 days after Koplik’s sign
measles exposure;
13-15 days
before
appearance
of rashes
German 3-day Rubella virus Varies from Forscheimer’s
Measles measles 10-21 days; spots
commonly
18 days
Mumps Infectious Mumps virus 2-4 weeks Nonsuppurative
parotitis; from the family parotitis
 Epidemic Paramixoviridae
parotitis
Shingles Acute Rubella virus 1-2 weeks Painful rash on
Posterior one side of the
Ganglionitis face or body
Chickenpox Varicella Varicella zoster 14-21 days; Rash that turns
virus- commonly into itchy, fluid-
14-16 days filled blisters
that eventually
turn into scabs
PTB Koch’s Mycobacteriu 2-10 weeks Persistent
disease; m tubercle cough for 2
Phthisis; weeks with
Consumption blood-streak
diseae sputum
accompanied
with low-grade
fever, night
sweats, and
unintentional
weight loss.
Meningitis Bacterial Neisseria 2-10 days Nuchal rigidity
meningitis; meningitides
Cerebrospinal
meningitis