Depending on the shape, how can galaxies be?

Historically, galaxies have been classified according to their apparent shape (visual morphology). A
common shape is the elliptical galaxy which, as its name implies, has the light profile of an ellipse.
Spiral galaxies have a circular shape but with a structure of curved arms covered in dust. Unusual
galaxies are called irregular galaxies and are usually the result of disturbances caused by the
gravitational attraction of neighboring galaxies. These interactions between neighboring galaxies,
which can cause galaxy mergers, can induce intense star birth. Finally, we have the small galaxies,
which lack a coherent structure and are also called irregular galaxies.

How is the solar system organized?

The Solar System is made up of a central star, the Sun; 8 planets that revolve around it: Mercury, Venus,
Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune; dwarf planets like Pluto (which until 2006 was
considered a planet); the satellites that orbit some planets and other smaller bodies, such as asteroids,
comets, and meteoroids. The space between them is also part of our planetary system.

How are the planets classified?

The planets can be classified by their composition and by their distance from the Sun. Considering the
composition of each planet, there are two classifications: rocky planets and gaseous planets.

What are rocky planets?

The rocky planets, also called terrestrial planets or telluric planets, are four in our Solar System:
Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.

The rocky planets of the Solar System are, at the same time, the so-called inner planets. The
classification of inner and outer planets is done based on their distance from the Sun; the dividing "line"
is the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. The main characteristic of rocky planets is that they are
formed mostly by silicates. Silicates are the most abundant group of minerals, and also the most
geologically important, since they are petrogenic, that is, they are the minerals that form rocks. Rocky
planets are characterized by having a mostly solid surface, unlike gaseous planets, whose surface is
mostly liquid or gaseous. Earth is the only rocky planet that has an active hydrosphere, that is, water
above and below the surface.
What are gas planets?
Gaseous planets are those made up mainly of gases, particularly hydrogen and helium. In our Solar
System Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune belong to this category, although in the latter ice is such a
substantial component in their composition that they tend to be classified in the category of ice giants.
Gaseous planets, depending on their formation mechanisms, do not have to have a solid rocky core, but
may instead consist of a continuum of gradually denser gases that eventually take on the properties of a
fluid when under high pressure. In the case of Jupiter and Saturn, gaseous hydrogen in the molecular
state gives way to a state known as metallic hydrogen, with particular properties, and it is considered
that they have solid nuclei in their centers. The vast majority of extrasolar planets discovered to date are
probably gas planets, at least in part because current detection methods better discriminate higher-
mass planets.