DIVISION SDO Laguna GRADE LEVEL
Identifying text March 2-4,
Reading Skill
structure
Project REACH
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure-
Reading Material Reference:
worksheets/text-structure-worksheet-11.pdf
Reading Material No. 1
Your guide to this reading material:
Identifying text structure refers to how the
information within a written text is organized.
Likewise, the text structure refers to how the details
and information in a text are organized. There are
five common types of text structure:
1. Chronological/Sequence: (Time/Order)
Articles reveal events in a sequence from
beginning to end. Words that signal
chronological structures include: first, then,
next, finally, and specific dates and times.
2. Cause/Effect:
Informational texts often describe cause and
effect relationships. The text describes
events and identifies or implies causal
factors.
3. Problem/Solution:
The text describes a problem and presents
solutions.
4. Compare/Contrast:
Author uses comparisons to describe ideas.
Similes, metaphors, and analogies are used.
5. Description:
Sensory details help readers visualize
information.
How to Identify Text Structure
● Skim the article for titles, subtitles,
headings, and key words. After
scanning the text, how do you think the
author organized the information?
● Which framework did this author use to
organize the information?
Chronological? Cause/Effect?
Problem/Solution? Compare/Contrast?
Description? Directions?
● Does the author use a combination of
structures?
● How did the author organize the text to
be “reader-friendly”?
● Which text features helped you collect
information from the article?
Get Ready!
Directions: Read the given passages, and
then identify the text structure.
1. Not all bugs slither and crawl. A bug can also
be an error in a computer program. When a
computer tries to read a program with a bug in
it, the bug will affect the computer in one of two
SDO LAGUNA-Project REACH Full Implementation Material_SY 2021-2022
11
Inclusive Date
7-8, 2022
ways: the computer may process the error and
continue running the program. In this case the
bug only has a small effect on the computer;
however, if the computer cannot process the
error, then the bug will cause the computer to
freeze and crash. This will require the user to
restart the program or the computer. Bugs are
pesky to computer programmers and users.
A. Comparison-Contrast
B. Cause-Effect
C. Sequence
2. Computers are very complex machines, but
everything that they do can be put into two
basic categories: inputting and outputting.
Inputting is when the computer accepts
information entered by the user. Outputting is
when the computer returns information to the
user. When you press a key on your keyboard,
you input information. When the letter that you
pressed appears on your monitor, your
computer is outputting. Both inputting and
outputting require the computer to process
information, but input is controlled by the user
and output is controlled by the computer.
Without inputting and outputting, there would be
no computing.
A. Comparison-Contrast
B. Spatial Order
C. Chronological
3. Have you ever received an email from a
strange address with nothing but a mysterious
link in the body? Don’t click that link! It may be
a drive-by download attack, a common way of
infecting computers. These attacks may start as
link in an email or Facebook inbox. If you click
the link, your computer browser will connect to
a website created to attack computers. Once
you have connected with the attack site, it will
begin scanning your computer for weaknesses.
If it finds a weakness, your computer will begin
downloading a harmful file. You will not know
that you are downloading this file. It will happen
without your knowledge or permission. After the
download is complete, the file will run and the
attacker will have control of your computer. As
you continue browsing the internet, you may not
even realize that you have been victimized. The
drive-by download attack is one of the most
common threats to computer users today.
A. Cause-Effect
B. Sequence
C. Comparison-Contrast
1
 DIVISION SDO Laguna
Identifying text
Reading Skill
structure
Project REACH
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure-
Reading Material Reference:
worksheets/text-structure-worksheet-11.pdf
Reading Material No. 1
4. Computer viruses are scary. If an attacker
gets control of your computer, they can snoop
through your files, steal your sensitive
information, and even use your computer’s
webcam and microphone to spy on you. But
just because there are scary things on the
Internet, doesn’t mean that we should stay off
of the Internet. Instead, practice safe habits
such as installing virus protection. Virus
protection will not protect you against all
attacks, but it may stop the most common ones.
It also helps to keep your software up to date.
Software updates close security holes. By
installing updates from software providers, you
will have a stronger system. Perhaps the most
important thing that you can do is to be smart
about how you browse. Don’t click on
suspicious links and don’t open attached files
unless you are expecting them. The Internet
can be a dangerous place, but you’ll be safer if
you take a few precautions. Happy browsing!
Timeline
A. Cause-Effect
B. Problem Solution
C. Comparison-Contrast
5. Viruses can mess up computers and make
them run slowly. If you’ve ever gotten a virus on
your computer, you may have wondered why
someone would go through all of that trouble
just to ruin your computer. There are two
reasons why people spread viruses: money and
power. If someone infects your computer with a
virus, they can make money by stealing your
sensitive information and selling it to identity
thieves. Or, they can gain power by using your
computer to attack other computers and
websites to take them offline. Your computer
makes an attractive target to cybercriminals
because they can use it to gain money and
power.
A. Cause-Effect
B. Chronological
C. Spatial Order
6. I've noticed that a lot of people are confused
about mobile data and Wi-Fi. Some people
think that they’re the same thing. Sure, both
mobile data and Wi-Fi allow you to connect to
the internet, but there are some important
differences between them. Mobile data is
provided by the mobile phone company while
Wi-Fi is comes through cable or phone lines.
Mobile data gives you internet access
anywhere that your phone can get a signal, but
SDO LAGUNA-Project REACH Full Implementation Material_SY 2021-2022
GRADE LEVEL 11
March 2-4,
Inclusive Date
7-8, 2022
you can only get Wi-Fi access when you are
near a router. Wi-Fi is usually faster than mobile
data too, but perhaps the most important
difference is the amount that you can use.
Customers are usually given a nearly unlimited
amount of Wi-Fi data, like an all-you-can-eat
buffet. On the other hand, mobile data is often
sold in limited portions, like an expensive
restaurant. It is important to know which you are
using so that you aren’t charged hefty fees for
going over your mobile data plan limits.
A. Chronological
B. Comparison-Contrast
C. Problem-Solution
7. Looking around our society nowadays, it's
hard to imagine a time when we weren't
surrounded by computers, but it really wasn't
that long ago. In 1977 a mere 48 thousand
personal computers were sold. Fast forward to
2001 and over 125 million were sold. By 2002
over one billion personal computers had been
sold worldwide. The first one billion computers
took 25 years to sell. Five years later in 2007,
another one billion computers had been sold.
The second billion sold happened five times
faster than the first! In 2011, global computer
sales topped 355 million. This data shows us
that computer usage is only accelerating. If you
think that you are surrounded by computers
now, just wait a few years. You haven't seen
anything yet.
A. Chronological
B. Cause-Effect
C. Problem-Solution
8. Buying a computer can be a frightening and
overwhelming task, but don't let that prevent
you from getting the right one. The first thing
that you have to do is figure out which one you
want. Start by researching on the internet: read
reviews and compare features. Decide what's
important to you and how much you are willing
to pay. Once you have found the right
computer, it is time to compare prices. Search
by the model number of the computer. Check
prices from at least three websites before you
make your purchase, and don't forget to factor
in the cost of shipping and handling. Also
Google the name of the website on which you
are planning to buy the computer and read
reviews to make sure that they are reputable
before placing your order. If it looks good, enter
your information, await your shipment, and
enjoy your new computer!
1
 DIVISION SDO Laguna GRADE LEVEL 11

Identifying text March 2-4,

Reading Skill Inclusive Date
structure 7-8, 2022

Project REACH
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure-
Reading Material Reference:
worksheets/text-structure-worksheet-11.pdf
Reading Material No. 1

A. Problem-Solution
B. Comparison-Contrast
C. Sequence
9. More and more people these days are buying
tablets instead of personal computers. Each
has advantages over the other. If you have to
write a paper, build a website, or do a lot of
computer work, you will probably want to use a
personal computer since it will have a full-size (may detach the answer sheet and reuse the
keyboard. Tablets also have keyboards, but questionnaire)
they are not as comfortable to use for long
periods of time since they are smaller. If you Project REACH (Reading Empowerment
are just doing some casual internet browsing, Asserting Connection @ Home)
social networking, or messaging, you may just
want to use a tablet. Tablets are smaller and Name :
more portable than personal computers. That Grade & Section :
means that you can use your tablet while you Date :
are lying on the couch, on vacation, or in a car. Reading Material No.: 1
Personal computers need to be plugged in to Reading Skill : Identifying Text Structure
work while tablets have batteries that allow
them to run for a long time without connecting Write your answers here:
to an outlet. There is a right time to use each of
these devices. I want both. 1.
A. Cause-Effect 2.
B. Comparison-Contrast 3.
C. Problem-Solution 4.
10. Working on a computer may be easier and 5.
safer than working in a mine, but it doesn’t 6.
come without risks. Using a computer for a long 7.
time can lead to poor eyesight, muscle 8.
loosening, back pain, and injuries to the hands 9.
and wrists. If you find yourself working or 10.
playing on a computer quite regularly, take a
few steps to prevent these problems and you’ll
thank yourself later. When you are computing
for a long time, take frequent breaks. Get up
and walk around every once and while.
Exercise a little bit. Take your eyes off of the
computer screen. Stretch your hands and
wrists. Straighten your back. It can be hard to
pull yourself away from your computer once you
get into a zone, but your body will thank you
later if you do. Make your health a priority and
don’t worry so much about what’s happening on
that little screen.
A. Cause-Effect
B. Comparison-Contrast
C. Problem-Solution

1
SDO LAGUNA-Project REACH Full Implementation Material_SY 2021-2022
 DIVISION SDO Laguna GRADE LEVEL 11

Identifying text March 2-4,

Reading Skill Inclusive Date
structure 7-8, 2022

Project REACH
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure-
Reading Material Reference:
worksheets/text-structure-worksheet-11.pdf
Reading Material No. 1

Project REACH (Reading Empowerment

Asserting Connection @ Home)

Name :
Grade & Section :
Date :
Reading Material No.: 1
Reading Skill : Identifying Text Structure

ANSWER KEY
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. C
9. B
10, C

1
SDO LAGUNA-Project REACH Full Implementation Material_SY 2021-2022