LIVING IN THE IT ERA

COMP 20213

WEEK 2
INTRODUCTION TO THE INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY – Part 1

Mr. Owen Harvey Balocon

Instructor

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

STA ROSA CAMPUS
Mula Sa’yo para sa Bayan
OVERVIEW
The concept of technology has evolved throughout the years. As the rate of
human progress continues to increase, society has adapted in such a way that
technology no longer appeals to mechanical or electrical systems alone. The term
technology presently includes advancements in communication and how
information is handled, thus enabling governments, organizations, industries and
ordinary individuals to improve on their decision-making, business processes and
everyday living. The term information and communication technology or ICT was
defined in a study conducted by Zuppo (2012) “related to technologies that
facilitate the transfer of information and various types of electronically mediated
communication”.
What is ICT?
ICT refers to those set of technologies that help us create information, access
information, analyze information and communicate with each other. Human beings
have always accessed information and communicated, but what makes these
present technologies special is their digital nature. Many things we do now are
based on information. Many devices - mobile phones, television, computers,
tablets, cameras, scanners, collectively called ICTs, have made this possible. How
we collect information, how we analyze it, how we communicate the information
and how we use the information to make decisions are all very important. ICT and
broadly digital technologies are changing the way we do things, thus making
today's society an information society. You may be familiar with the computer but
now ICT have moved far beyond the computer alone. As students you must learn
ICT to build your skills for functioning in the information society
THE CURRENT STATE OF ICT TECHNOLOGIES
The world of information and Communications Technology is an ever-changing
landscape. New technologies are constantly being invented and existing
technologies keep on evolving. Improvements in computing hardware enable the
development of better software, which in turn empower new ICT trends. In this
chapter, you will learn about current ICT concepts and technologies that affect our
everyday lives.
HISTORY OF INTERNET
1. Web 1.0. Web 1.0 is commonly associated as the
initiated or the first stage of the WWW. The first stage
of the web was made up of web pages and was
entirely connected by hyperlinks. Well, the official
definition for this version is a moot.
2. Web 2.0. The second stage of WWW Web 2.0 is
identified by the modification from static to dynamic
web pages which are better organized and are
completely based on serving web applications, user-
generated content to the end users. Web 2.0 is not
only readable but also writable form with a
connection to data. It allows the end users to
navigate and to interact in a better way. It cheers the
participation and data sharing.
HISTORY OF INTERNET
3. Web 3.0. Web 3.0 is referred as the
new pattern in web and the evolution of
Web 2.0 that will mark the changes in
the creation of websites and particularly
in what way people reach out to those
websites. It is the executable clause of
WWW with dynamic services. Web 3.0 is
the read, write and executable format of
WWW. It can easily read the data just
like human and could also distribute or
tailor the useful content to the end
users.
Key Differences to Note in the Terms Web 1.0, Web 2.0 and Web 3.0
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0
As per definition Accessible as Accessible as Accessible as ReadWrite-
Read Only Mode ReadWrite-Mode Execute Mode
Stages First Stage Second Stage Third Stage
Classification Simply Web Social Web Semantic Web
Technologies 1. Web Servers Instant Messaging Personal Digital
Connected With... 2. E-mail Adobe Flex Assistants
3. Portals Java script Semantic Searching
4. Subscribe Technologies Frameworks
5. File Sharing
Blogs
Fundamental Concept To Connect Information To Connect People To Connect Knowledge
Key Differences to Note in the Terms Web 1.0, Web 2.0 and Web 3.0
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0
Highlights 1. It allowed to do bookmarking and 1. It gave 1. Highly mobile, 3D
hyperlinking on pages. introduction to
2. Artificial Intelligence
2. User Participation web
applications. 3. Information is better
3. Static Pages
connected to semantic
2. It allows end
4. Content served from the server’s file system data
users to
instead of
differentiate 4. Every device i.e. every
RDBMS.
and find content seems handy
1. Graphics, GIF buttons to promote operating information through multiple
systems and other products. 3. It counts on applications
functions like
video streaming,
image hosting.
HISTORY OF INTERNET
4. Technological Convergence. The
term technological convergence is often
defined in a very generalized and
simplified terms as a process by which
telecommunications, information
technology and the media, sectors that
originally operated largely independent
of one another, are growing together.
Technological convergence has both a
technical and a functional side.
ONLINE SAFETY, SECURITY, ETHICS AND ETIQUETTE
Most of us are ‘connected’ via our laptops, mobile phones, tablets or
personal computer. The potential for the internet to be a valuable and a
fun resource for entertainment, making friends, keeping in touch and
learning is huge. But if you use the internet, you could be at risk of
illegal activity or abuse - be it bullying, fraud or something more
serious. Unlike seeing someone face to face, on the net, people aren't
always what they first seem. In the same way you learn about safety
when you leave the house, it is important to learn how to stay safe
online.
Online Safety Tips
1. Do not give out personal information. Always be mindful on what
you share online.
2. Do not share your password with anyone and always use a ‘strong’
password.
3. Passwords are like underpants. Change them often, keep them
private and never share them with anyone.
4. Don't become online ‘friends’ with people you don't know.
5. Do not send pictures of yourself to anyone, especially indecent
pictures.
6. Never post anything about a future vacation.
7. Avoid visiting and downloading anything from untrusted websites.
Internet Threats (Spam, Phishing and Viruses)
1. Spam. It is usually considered to be
electronic junk mail or junk newsgroup
postings. Some people define spam even
more generally as any unsolicited email.
However, if a long-lost brother finds your
email address and sends you a message,
this could hardly be called spam, even
though it is unsolicited. Real spam is
generally email advertising for some product
sent to a mailing list or newsgroup.
Internet Threats (Spam, Phishing and Viruses)
2. Phishing. The act of sending an email to
a user falsely claiming to be an established
legitimate enterprise in an attempt to scam
the user into surrendering private
information that will be used for identity
theft. Phishing email will typically direct the
user to visit a website where they are asked
to update personal information, such as a
password, credit card, social security, or
bank account numbers, that the legitimate
organization already has. The website,
however, is bogus and will capture and steal
any information the user enters on the page.
Internet Threats (Spam, Phishing and Viruses)
3. Viruses. A computer virus is a program
or piece of code that is loaded onto your
computer without your knowledge and runs
against your wishes. Viruses can also
replicate themselves. All computer viruses
are man-made. A simple virus that can
make a copy of itself over and over again is
relatively easy to produce. Even such a
simple virus is dangerous because it will
quickly use all available memory and bring
the system to a halt. An even more
dangerous type of virus is one capable of
transmitting itself across networks and
bypassing security systems.
CONTEXTUALIZED ONLINE SEARCH AND RESEARCH SKILLS

Internet research is the practice of using Internet

information, especially free information on the
World Wide Web. It has a profound impact on the
way ideas are formed and knowledge is created.
Common applications of Internet research include
personal research on a particular subject, students
doing research for academic projects and papers,
and journalists and other writers researching
stories.
Research is a broad term. Here, it is used to mean "looking something up (on the
Web)". It includes any activity where a topic is identified, and an effort is made to
actively gather information for the purpose of furthering understanding. It may
include some postcollection analysis like a concern for quality or synthesis.
Searching the web
There are billions of pages of information on the World Wide Web, and
finding relevant and reliable information can be a challenge. Search engines
are powerful tools that index millions of web sites. When entering a keyword
into a search engine, you will receive a list with the number of hits or results
and links to the related sites. The number of hits you receive may vary a
great deal among different search engines. Some engines search only the
titles of the web sites, and others search the full text.
Searching the web
Techniques for using the different search tools vary. For best results, read the
search tips or hints that are provided at each search site. Also, note that
some of the search engines do not allow Boolean searches that combine
words with the logical connectors of AND, OR, or NOT.

Common commands for search engines include:

1. Quotation Marks ( " ) Using quotation marks will help to find specific
phrases involving more than one word. For example: "Martin Luther King"
2. Addition Sign ( + ) Adding a + sign before a word means that it MUST
be included in each site listed. For example: + Florida + taxes
3. Subtraction Sign ( - ) Adding a - sign before a word means that it will
NOT appear in the sites listed. For example: + Washington -DC
Searching the web
Techniques for using the different search tools vary. For best results, read the
search tips or hints that are provided at each search site. Also, note that
some of the search engines do not allow Boolean searches that combine
words with the logical connectors of AND, OR, or NOT.

Common commands for search engines include:

1. Quotation Marks ( " ) Using quotation marks will help to find specific
phrases involving more than one word. For example: "Martin Luther King"
2. Addition Sign ( + ) Adding a + sign before a word means that it MUST
be included in each site listed. For example: + Florida + taxes
3. Subtraction Sign ( - ) Adding a - sign before a word means that it will
NOT appear in the sites listed. For example: + Washington –DC
4. Asterisks ( * ) Asterisks can be used for wild-cards in some search
engines. For example: Mexic* will look for Mexico, Mexican, Mexicali, etc.
Searching the web
Techniques for using the different search tools vary. For best results, read the
search tips or hints that are provided at each search site. Also, note that
some of the search engines do not allow Boolean searches that combine
words with the logical connectors of AND, OR, or NOT.

Common commands for search engines include:

1. Quotation Marks ( " ) Using quotation marks will help to find specific
phrases involving more than one word. For example: "Martin Luther King"
2. Addition Sign ( + ) Adding a + sign before a word means that it MUST
be included in each site listed. For example: + Florida + taxes
3. Subtraction Sign ( - ) Adding a - sign before a word means that it will
NOT appear in the sites listed. For example: + Washington –DC
4. Asterisks ( * ) Asterisks can be used for wild-cards in some search
engines. For example: Mexic* will look for Mexico, Mexican, Mexicali, etc.