PE 4

Lesson 5
Introduction to
Basketball
Lesson objectives:

1. Recognize the different terms used in

basketball
2. Demonstrate knowledge on the historical
development of basketball
3. Identify the equipment used in basketball
Basketball is a game played between two teams of
five players each on a rectangular court. Each team
tries to score by tossing the ball through the
opponent’s goal. The ball is passed, thrown,
bounced, batted, or rolled from one player to
another. A player in possession of the ball must
maintain contact with the floor with one foot (pivot
foot), unless the player is shooting, passing, or
dribbling.
Physical contact with an opponent can result in a
foul if the contact impedes the desired movement of
the player. Basketball is a dynamic sport that builds
stamina from the short sprints required of running
up and down the length of the court. The popularity
of basketball exploded in the 1980s with the advent
of cable television.
History of Basketball
Basketball grew steadily and slowly in popularity and in the
United States and internationally in the first three decades after
World War II. The remarkable developments in basketball are
given below:
• Dr. James Naismith was the Canadian physical education
instructor who invented basketball in 1891.
• Naismith used as goals two half-bushel peach baskets, which
gave the sport its name. The first match took place on
December 21, 1891 that involved the 18 students of Dr. James
Naismith.
History of Basketball

• The first rules were created in 1892, published in the issue

of the Triangle, the YMCA Training School’s campus paper
• Basketball was introduced in France in 1893, in England in
1894; in Australia, China and India soon thereafter
• Initially, players dribbled a soccer ball up and down a court
of unspecified dimensions.
History of Basketball

• Points were earned by landing the ball in a peach basket.

• Iron hoops and a hammock-style basket were introduced
in 1893.
• The open-ended net was introduced ten years later. This
put an end to manually retrieving the ball from the basket
each time a goal was scored.
• In 1898, the first professional league was formed: The
National Basketball League (NBL)
History of Basketball

• The Basketball Association of America (BAA) was

organized in 1946.
• In 1949, the National Basketball League (NBL) and the
Basketball Association of America (BAA) merged to form
the National Basketball Association (NBA)
• In the 1930’s, Han Luisetti of Stanford University first used
and popularized the ‘one-hand’ shot
History of Basketball

• In 1950, Jay Archer of Scranton, Pennsylvania introduced

‘biddy’ basketball for boys and girls under 12 years of age,
the court and the equipment being adjusted for size
• In 1959, James Naismith was inducted into the Basketball
Hall of Fame.
• Coach Frank W. Keaney at the University of Rhode Island
(1921-1948) introduced the concept of ‘fast break’
History of Basketball

• Basketball was included in the 1936 Olympic Games.

• The international game is governed by the Federation
Internationale de Basketball Amateur (FIBA)
• At least 213 nations across the world are members of
FIBA and have their own national leagues
History of Basketball

• In 1951, in 1954, and in 1962, the Philippine

basketball team won the gold medal in the Asian
games
• In 1954, the Philippine basketball team entered the
FIBA World Championship in Brazil and won a bronze
medal; finished 13th place in 1974; bronze medal in
1985
History of Basketball

• Coach Adolph Rupp of University of Kentucky (1931)

introduced ‘pressure defense’
• Coach Henry Iba of Oklahoma A&M University and Coach
Clair Bee of Long Island University introduced the ‘man-to-
man’ defense
• Coach Cam Henderson of Marshall University introduced
the ‘zone defense’
History of Basketball
• In the 1954-55 season, three radical rules changes
happened:
o a team must shoot for a basket within 24 seconds after
acquiring possession of the ball
o a bonus free throw is awarded to a player anytime the
opposing team commits more than six (later five, now
four) personal fouls in a quarter or more than two
personal fouls in an overtime period
o two free throws are granted for any backcourt foul
History of Basketball

• In 1956 Berlin Olympics, the Philippine basketball

team finished in 7th place; 1964 Olympics – finished
11th place; 1968 Olympics -finished in 13th place;
1972 Olympics – finished in 13th place
• In 1961, the Philippine basketball team won the first
FIBA Asian Championship. The Philippines won the
Asian Championship in 1963, 1967, 1985, 1996, and
1997
History of Basketball

• The Philippine basketball team won the first ever

South East Asian Games in 1959.
• The 2005 South East Asian Games did not have
basketball as an event due to the Philippine team
being suspended; the suspension was lifted in 2007
• Raymond Townsend was the first Filipino-American to
play in the NBA (1978); followed by Jordan Clarkson
(2014)
History of Basketball

• In 1892, the first women’s basketball team was organized

by Senda Berenson at Smith College
• In 1901, the first set of basketball rules for women was
published
• In 1895, basketball was played at many women’s colleges
• In1896, the first known women’s basketball game was
played between Chicago Austin High School and Oak Park
High School
History of Basketball
• In 1914, the American Olympic Committee declared its
opposition to the participation of women in the Olympics
competition
• In 1953, international competition in women’s basketball
was reorganized
• In 1955, the first Pan-American Games included women's
basketball; USA won the gold medal
• In1970, the five-player full court game was adopted for
women's basketball
History of Basketball
• In 1973, college scholarships were offered to female
athletes for the first time
• In 1976, women's basketball became an Olympic sport; the
Soviet team won the gold, USA won the silver
• In1984, the Olympics women's basketball event won by
USA team, with the USSR and some other nations
boycotting
History of Basketball
• In 1985, Senda Berenson Abbott, L. Margaret Wade, and
Bertha F. Teague were inducted into the Naismith
Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, the first women to be
so honored.
• In 1996, NBA established the WNBA with eight teams;
Sheryl Swoopes was the first player signed by the
WNBA.
• In 1996, Nancy Lieberman was inducted into the
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame.
History of Basketball
• In 2000, Olympics was held in Sydney, Australia; USA team
won gold medal; Teresa Edwards became the first
basketball player to play on five consecutive Olympic
teams and win five Olympic medals
• In 2002, Lisa Leslie, became the first woman to dunk in a
professional basketball game.
• In 2004, Candace Parker won the McDonald's High School
All-American dunk contest competing against five boys.
History of Basketball

• In 2004, Ashley McElhiney, became the first female

head coach of a professional men's basketball team.
• In 2006, Violet Palmer, forty-one, became the first
woman to referee an NBA playoff game. She is
currently the only female official in the NBA.
History of Basketball
In the Philippines, Janine
Nicandro and Marilee
Orioste are the only active
female referees in the
Philippine Basketball
Association. Nicandro, a
Laguna native, was the first
one to make it in the league
in 2016.
 Faye Veras and Editha Boticario are also
two of the few female basketball in the
country. They are both FIBA-licensed
officials who have taken their talents to
the international scene. Veras first
officiated at University of Makati, where
she studied, then at University Athletic
Association of the Philippines (UAAP).

There are 62 licensed referees from the Philippines listed

on the FIBA website. Only three of those are female: Faye
Veras, Editha Boticario, and Cristina Columna.
Terminology in Basketball
The following are the basic terms used in basketball.
✓Baseline – the end line
✓Blocked shot – occurs when a defensive player makes
contact with the basketball while another player is
shooting the ball
✓Boxing out – a term used to designate a player’s position
under the backboard that prevents an opposing player
from achieving a good rebounding position.
Terminology in Basketball
✓Carrying – In a carry, your hand makes contact with the
bottom of the ball, then flips the ball over in the act of
dribbling.
✓Charging – personal contact against the body of an
opponent by a player with the ball.
✓Cut – a quick offensive move by a player trying to get free
for a pass.
✓Delay – an action in which a player or team deliberately
stalls the game, usually with the intention of using the
delay to its advantage
Terminology in Basketball
✓Denial Defense – aggressive individual defense where the
defensive player works hard to keep the offensive player
from receiving a pass.
✓Double Dribble – when one person dribbles, stops and
picks up the ball and starts to dribble again or dribble
with two hands simultaneously.
✓Dribble – the process of bringing the ball down the floor
or moving the ball from place to place using the finger
pads to tap the ball.
Terminology in Basketball
✓Drive – an aggressive move toward the basket by a player
with the ball.
✓Fake (Feint) – using a deceptive move with the ball to pull
the defensive player out of position.
✓Fast break – moving the ball quickly down the court in
order to score before the defense can set up.
Terminology in Basketball
✓Field Goal - a basket scored from the field, worth two
points, unless outside the three-point line.
✓Foul- this involve pushing, charging, tripping, holding,
body contact (refer to the next module for the rules on
fouls)
✓Free throw – the privilege given a player to score one
point by an unhindered throw for a goal from within the
free-throw circle and behind the free throw line.
Terminology in Basketball
✓Lay-up – a shot where a player releases the ball close to
the basket while continuing to run off one foot.
▪ right-handed lay-up
▪ left-handed lay-up
✓Man-to-man defense – each player is assigned to defend
and follow the movements of a single player on offense
Terminology in Basketball
✓Passing – an alternative way to move the ball around the
court that is not comprised of the act of dribbling
▪ chest pass - the ball is thrown from your chest to your
teammate’s chest with no bounce or arc
▪ bounce pass - The ball is thrown from your chest and is
bounced once before entering your teammate’s hands
near their chest area
▪ overhead pass - The ball is passed from over your head
into your teammate’s chest.
Terminology in Basketball
✓Pick – a special type of screen where a player stands so the
defensive player slides to make contact, freeing an
offensive teammate for a shot, drive, or pass.
✓Pivot – takes place when a player who is holding the ball
steps once or more than once in any direction with the
same foot. The other foot, called the pivot foot, is kept at
its point of contact with the floor.
✓Press – a team’s attempt to take the ball away from their
opponent before they can set up their offense.
Terminology in Basketball
✓Rebound – when a shot bounces off the backboard or basket
and is pulled down by a player.
✓Screening – the offensive player setting the pick must remain
stationary at the moment of contact with the defender; a
screen is illegal if the screener moves in order to make
contact, and obtains an advantage; the results is an offensive
foul
✓Shooting – one of the basic skills in basketball, this is done by
keeping balance and focusing on the rim, the elbow aligned
with the torso in a 90° angle, and flicking the wrist after
releasing the ball
Terminology in Basketball
✓Team’s Back Court – the part of the court containing the
opponent’s basket.
✓Team’s Front Court – the part of the court containing the
team’s own basket.
✓Telegraphing the Pass – indicating where you are going to
pass by looking or signaling.
✓Throw-in – a method of putting the ball in play from out of
bounds.
Terminology in Basketball
✓Traveling – when a player in possession of the ball within
bounds progresses illegally in any direction.
✓Violation – an infraction of the rules resulting in a throw-in
from out of bounds for the opponents.
✓Zone defense – an alternative to man-to-man defense; each
player is given an area known as a zone to cover
Basketball Equipment
The following equipment should be made available in
every basketball match.
Basket
A hoop or basket with net around its circumference and
of 18inch diameter is firmly hung horizontally from a
rectangular backboard of 3.5 feet height and 6 feet
width on either side of the court. The rim of the hoop is
10 feet (3meters) above the ground. The backboard in
various international competitions is transparent for
better visibility.
Basketball Equipment
Basket Ring
The rings shall be made of solid steel and shall an inside
diameter of a minimum of 450mm and a maximum of
459mm.
The Net
The net shall be attached to each ring in 12 places. The
fittings for the attachment shall not have any sharp
edges; the gaps should be smaller than 8mm, to prevent
fingers from entering
Basketball Equipment
Ball
Basketball is an orange-colored and rough-textured spherical ball with
black contours usually made of leather or composite tough materials.
The ball is bounced continuously (dribbling), thrown through the air to
other players (passing), and towards the basket (shooting). So, a
typical basketball must be very durable, easy to hold on to, round, and
full of air to make it bounce well. For men, the weight of the ball shall
be no less than 567 grams and no more than 650 grams; the
circumference is no less than 749mm and no more than 780mm. For
women, the weight of the ball shall be no less than 510 grams and no
more than 567 grams; the circumference is no less than 724mm and no
more than 737mm.
Basketball Equipment
The Backboard and Rim
The regulation height above the ground for the rim (hoop) is
10 feet, and the rim is 18 inches in diameter. Backboards are 6
feet wide (72 inches) by 42 inches tall, with the inner square
being 24 inches wide by 18 inches tall. The backboard shall be
made of a suitable transparent material, made in one piece,
with a flat front surface and shall have support structure
around the outer edge. The backboard should be
manufactured such that, if broken, the pieces of glass do not
split off.
Other Equipment

There may be some more equipment for convenience.

• Some international courts have a game clock that makes a
beep at the end of each period. Some also show the shot
clock countdown.
• Sometimes, the back boards have bordering lights that light
up and indicate that a period is about to end.
Basketball Court Dimensions

The size of the court depends on the playing level.

Basketball is played on a rectangular court. The size
of the court for NBA and College games is 94 feet
(28.7meters) long and 50 feet (15.2meters) wide. It
is smaller for High School and Junior High.
Basketball Court Dimensions
Line Markings
All line markings on the floor are 2 inches wide and
can vary in color.

The Foul Line

For all size courts the 'foul line' is 15 feet in front of
the backboard.
Basketball Court Dimensions
The Key
The key is 12 feet wide, and is the same for all basketball
courts. The backboard extends 4 feet out over the baseline
into the key. A half circle of diameter 6 foot extends from the
foul line away from the basket to complete the key.

The 3 Point Line (Arc)

For NBA Basketball Courts the 3-point arc is 22 feet to the
center of the rim on the sides with a straight line extending
out 16 feet 9 inches from the baseline. Past those points the
line extends out 23 feet 9 inches from the center of the rim