NDT Procedure For Storage Tank: Interconnecting Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN Petrochemical Complex - Stage 1

Interconnecting Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN
Petrochemical Complex - Stage 1
NDT Procedure for Storage Tank
Document No.: Owner Cons. Unit-Sub Unit Phase Dis. Doc. Seq. Rev.
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MAN TSC 6001 DD QC PRC 0006 01
01 11-Jun-2022 Issued for Approval H. Akbari H. Akbari M.Goharshenas H.Mousakhni
00 23-Feb-2022 Issued for comment F. Nazari Sh. Rahimi M.Goharshenas H.Mousakhni

PURPOSE OF
REV. DATE PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED AUTHORIZED
ISSUE
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Table of Contents
1- Introduction ..................................................................................................... 6
1-1- Project Description ............................................................................................... 6
1-2- Scope ..................................................................................................................... 6
1-3- Purpose .................................................................................................................. 6
2- General Information ....................................................................................... 6
2-1- Terms and Definitions .......................................................................................... 6
2-2- Abbreviation ......................................................................................................... 7
2-3- Language ............................................................................................................... 8
2-4- Unit8
2-5- Refrence Project Documents & Specifications..................................................... 8
3- Radiographic Testing (RT) ............................................................................ 8
3-1- PERSONAL QUALIFICATION .......................................................................... 8
3-2- EQUIPMENT ....................................................................................................... 9
3-3- PENETRAMETER ............................................................................................... 9
3-4- RADIOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE ....................................................................... 10
3-5- I.Q.I Sensitivity ................................................................................................... 12
3-6- FILM DENSITY ................................................................................................. 12
3-7- GEOMETRIC UNSHARPNESS........................................................................ 12
3-8- QUALITY (As Per ASME Sec. V -T 281) ......................................................... 13
3-9- IDENTIFICATION AND LOCATION OF MARKS ON RADIOGRAPHS.... 13
3-10- STORAGE AND PROTECTION OF FILM .............................................. 13
3-11- ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA........................................................................ 14
4- Liquid Penetrant examination (PT) ............................................................ 14
4-1- APPLICABILITY ............................................................................................... 14
4-2- PERSONAL QUALIFICATION ........................................................................ 14
4-3- SURFACE PREPARATION .............................................................................. 14
4-4- DRYING ............................................................................................................. 15
4-5- EXAMINATION METHOD .............................................................................. 15
4-6- DEVELOPING ................................................................................................... 16
4-7- EXAMINATION METHOD .............................................................................. 16
4-8- EVALUATION OF INDICATIONS ................................................................. 17
4-9- ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA ............................................................................... 17
5- Vacuum-Box Testing (VBT)......................................................................... 17
5-1- SCOPE ................................................................................................................ 17
5-2- METHODS ......................................................................................................... 18
5-3- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................... 18
5-4- VACUUM PRESSURE TECHNIQUE .............................................................. 19
5-5- Acceptance Criteria ............................................................................................. 20
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6- PENETRATION OIL Test........................................................................... 20

7- Pneumatic Testing of Reinforcement Pads ................................................. 20
7-1- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................... 21
7-2- Test Pressure and Methodology .......................................................................... 21
8- Visual Examination (VE).............................................................................. 24
8-1- RESPONSIBILITIES ......................................................................................... 24
8-2- INSPECTION PRIOR WELDING ..................................................................... 24
8-3- INSPECTION DURING WELDING ................................................................. 25
8-4- VISUAL INSPECTION OF WELDS ................................................................ 26
8-5- TEMPORARY ATTACHMENTS ..................................................................... 28
8-6- INSTRUMENTS ................................................................................................ 28
8-7- REPAIR .............................................................................................................. 28
8-8- VISUAL INSPECTION METHOD ................................................................... 29
8-9- Acceptance Criteria for Visual Examination ...................................................... 29
8-10- Vision Requirement for Visual Inspectors .................................................. 29
9- Ultrasonic Testing (UT) ................................................................................ 29
9-1- PERSONNEL ..................................................................................................... 29
9-2- SURFACE PREPARATION .............................................................................. 30
9-3- REFERENCE SYSTEM ..................................................................................... 30
9-4- EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS .................................................................... 30
9-5- EXAMINATION PROCEDURE ....................................................................... 31
9-6- ACCEPTANCE/ REJECTION CRITERIA ....................................................... 33
9-7- EXAMINATION OF REPAIRS ........................................................................ 33
9-8- EXAMINATION REPORT ................................................................................ 33
9-9- APPENDIX 1 ...................................................................................................... 34
10- Magnetic Particle Examination (MT).................................................... 36
10-1- PERSONNEL .............................................................................................. 36
10-2- MATERIALS TO BE EXAMINED ........................................................... 36
10-3- SURFACE PREPARATION ....................................................................... 36
10-4- TEST PERFORMANCE ............................................................................. 37
10-5- EVALUATION OF INDICATIONS .......................................................... 38
10-6- ACCEPTANCE/ REJECTION CRITERIA ................................................ 38
10-7- REPAIR REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................... 39
10-8- DEMAGNETIZATION............................................................................... 39
11- HARDNESS TEST .................................................................................. 39
11-1- STAGE OF EXAMINATION ..................................................................... 39
11-2- APPARATURS ........................................................................................... 39
11-3- EVALUATION OF INDENTATION ......................................................... 40
11-4- EXAMINATION ......................................................................................... 41
11-5- CERTIFICATION ....................................................................................... 41
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11-6- RESULTS .................................................................................................... 41

12- REPORT Formats ................................................................................... 41
12-1- NDT Reports................................................................................................ 41
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1- Introduction
1-1- Project Description
Negin Mokran Development Petrochemical Co. (NMPC) has decided to develop
a third hub of Petrochemical Industries in Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone.
Based on detailed investigation, 1,200 hectares of Chabahar Free Trade-
Industrial Zone with dimensions of 2.7 × 4.4 Km has been allocated for
petrochemical zone.
Mokran Abniroo "MAN" is a company organized and exists under the laws of
the Islamic Republic of Iran and is a sub-company of NMPC, desires to
establish “Interconnecting Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN Petrochemical
Complex - Stage 1".
1-2- Scope
Purpose of this procedure is to define activities, communication,
correspondence routes between Owner/MC, Contractor and TPI and
requirements for performing ND procedure on storage tank for Interconnecting
Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN Petrochemical Complex.
Thus, considering this procedure by all involved parties expected to:
o Improve level of communication and collaboration between Owner,
contractor and TPI.
o Understanding of practices/activities which shall be executed by whole
parties and the tasks related to inspections of the project is being
facilitated.
1-3- Purpose
MOKRAN AB-NIROO Company (Owner) intends to build an Interconnecting
Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN Petrochemical Complex, (hereinafter in this
document referred to as "Plant") in CHABAHAR, IRAN.
2- General Information
2-1- Terms and Definitions
In this project Owner, Contractor and title of project have been described as
follows:
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PROJECT: Interconnecting Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN

OWNER: Mokran Abniroo "MAN".

LOCATION: Chabahar Free zone, Islamic Republic of Iran.
CONSULTANT: Samto Souye Toseye Iranian, “SSTI”
CONTRACTOR: TIV Energy and Sazeh Pardazi Iran Consortium
SUPPLIER/VENDOR: Means any firm, Company or Organization whose name is
approved by Owner to supply project materials and equipment.
SHALL / MUST: Are used where a provision is mandatory.

SHOULD: Is used where a provision is advisory only.
MAY: Is used where a provision is completely discretionary.
WILL: Is normally used in connection with the action by the "owner"
rather than by a contractor, supplier or vendor.
2-2- Abbreviation
MTO: Material Tack off

ITP: Inspection and Test Plan
MTC: Mill Test Certificate
QCP: Quality Control Plan
INS: Inspection Requirement
IO: Inspection Order
IRC: Inspection Record
IRN: Inspection Release Note
PL: Packing List
NCR: Non-Conformance Report
MCC: Manufacturer compliance Certificate
MD: Manufacturer Declaration
VD: Vendor Declaration
SD: Supplier Declaration
MDR: Manufacturing Data Record
PSI: Pre-Shipment Inspection
FAT: Factory Acceptance Test
SAT: Site Acceptance Test
DWG: Drawing
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PQR: Procedure Qualification Record

WPS: Welding Procedure Specification
WPQ: Welders Performance Qualification
PWHT: Post weld Heat Treatment
NDE: Non-Destructive Examination
NDT: Non-Destructive Test
VT: Visual Testing
MT: Magnetic Particle Testing
PT: Liquid Penetrant Testing
RT: Radiographic Testing
UT: Ultrasonic Testing
PMI: Positive Material Identification
N/A: Not Applicable
2-3- Language
All technical quotations, drawings and documentations shall be in English
language.
2-4- Unit
International system of units (SI) shall be used for all drawings and documents.
2-5- Reference Project Documents & Specifications
MAN-TIV-EPC-F310-00-01 Contract
MAN-TSC-6001-DD-PI-SPC-0001 Job Specification for Welding
MAN-TSC-6001-DD-QC-PRC-0004 Procedure for welder & NDE operator qualification
3- Radiographic Testing (RT)

3-1- PERSONAL QUALIFICATION
All personnel employed shall be instructed and examined in accordance with
the requirements of ASNT SNT-TC-1A or ISO Std. 9712 Level II or III. Level-I
personnel may be used under the supervision of a Level II or Level III with a
written procedure in accordance with ASME Section V, Article 2.
The radioactive isotope shall be handled only by authorized personnel,
following proper safety criteria.
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3-2- EQUIPMENT
SOURCE: Radiographic testing will be performed using a source of Gamma–
Ray Ir192.
FILM: Radiographic films shall be type II (M/X 125, or D4 or Equivalent) as
described in ASTM E-94.
3-3- PENETRAMETER
Wire type I.Q.I shall be used to judge the radiographic sensitivity. Wire
penetrometer shall be in accordance with SE-747.
Penetrometer Selection:
I.Q.I.s shall be selected from either the same alloy material group or grade as
identified in SE-1025 or from an alloy material group or grade with less
radiation absorption than the material being radio graphed.
The designed essential wire diameter shall be selected so that code
requirements are obtained. (According to Table T-276 ASME SEC. V, Article
II).
For Welds with reinforcement the thickness on which the penetrometer is based
is the nominal single-wall thickness plus the estimated weld reinforcement by
the referencing code section.
For welds without reinforcement the thickness on which the penetrometer is
based on the nominal single-wall thickness.
Backing rings or strips are not to be considered as part of the weld thickness in
penetrometer selection.
Penetrometer shall be set at the end of film location. The penetrometer shall be
placed on the welds so that the wire perpendicular to length of the welds. The
penetrometer shall be put on source side of the object & whenever is not
possible, it shall be put as a film side by placing lead letter “F” adjacent to it.
The number of I.Q.I.s shall be specified according to ASME SEC. V- Art. 2 –
T277.
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3-4- RADIOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE

Source Location:
The source may be placed either internal or external with the limitation of
geometrical un-sharpness (Ug). As per ASME Sec. V - T 271, the source should
be centred on the area of interest, wherever practicable.
Film Location:
The film shall be placed either internal or external and parallel to the test
surface.
Single Wall - Single Image Technique (SWSI)
By this technique, single - wall inspection can be down with the source placed
outside and the film inside the object being examined, and I.Q.I on source side
(or source inside and film outside).
Note: The maximum length of film used should be 0.7 ~ 0.9 SFD. When
collimator is used for Gamma-Ray, the extent of radiation cone should be in
attention.
Double Wall Technique
By using this technique, the radiation passes through two walls and it is applied
either for single-wall viewing in contact with the film or both wall viewing.
Double Wall- Single Image Technique (DWSI)
Usually parts with more than 3½" (89 mm) in nominal outside diameter,
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inaccessible to inside, will be radio graphed by DWSI technique, in which the

radiation passes through two walls, but only the wall in contact with the film is
viewed. In this case, if source side locating of I.Q.I is not practicable, it should
be placed film side.
In this method, for full coverage of radiography, at least 3 exposures, 120°
aparted, is needed.
Double Wall -Double Image (DWDI) Technique:
Parts 3½" (89 mm) or less in nominal outer diameter, can be radio graphed by
DWDI technique, in which the radiation passes through two walls and the both
walls is viewed on the same film. For inspection of circumferential welds, the
radiation source should be offset, at appropriate angle, from the plane of the
weld center line to avoid overlapping of lower and upper weld seam projection.
As per ASME Sec. V -Article 2 -Appendix B, in this case the penetrameter shall
be placed source side. In this method, for full coverage of radiography, at least
2 exposures, 90° aparted, is needed.
Notes:
A. Prior to radiographic examination the concerned welds will be visually
acceptable.
B. Weld will be prepared by any suitable manner to ensure a suitable
radiographic contact.
C. The film shall be Centered on the weld and of sufficient width to permit
insertion of identification markers and penetrometer.
- As close to the surface of the welds as practical.
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3-5- I.Q.I Sensitivity

Radiography shall be performed with a technique of sufficient sensitivity to
display the designated wire of a wire penetrometer, which are essential
indications of the image quality of the radiograph.
The radiographs shall also display the I.Q.I identifying number and letters. The
I.Q.I sensitivity in percent shall be calculated by following formula:
Thickness of thinnest wire visible
I.Q.I sensitivity percent = × 100
Speciment thickness
The Sensitivity shall be maximum %2 of the specimen thickness.

3-6- FILM DENSITY
The transmitted film density through the radiographic image of the body of
adjusted to designated wire (I.Q.I wire) and the area of interest of single
viewing shall be minimum 2. For composite viewing of multiple film exposures,
each film of the composite set shall have a minimum of 1.3. The maximum
density shall be 4 for either single or composite viewing. A tolerance of 0.05 in
density is allowed of variation between densitometer readings.
The densitometer to be used for assuring compliance with film density
requirements shall be calibrated according to manufacturer recommendation.
3-7- GEOMETRIC UNSHARPNESS
Geometric un-sharpness of the radiograph shall be determined in accordance
with the formula:
Ug = F x d /D
Where
Ug = geometric un-sharpness
F= Source size: the maximum projected dimension of the radiation source (or
effective focal spot) in the plane perpendicular to the distance D from the weld
or objected being radio graphed, in.
D= distance from source of radiation to weld or object being radio graphed, in.
d= distance for object being radio graphed to the film, in.
Geometric un-sharpness of the radiograph shall not exceed the following
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(according to T-285 ASME Sec. V, Art. 2):
Material Thickness
Max. Ug
(mm)
Under 50.8 0.51
50.8 through 76.2 0.76
Over 70.6 through 101.6 1.02
Greater than 101.6 1.78
3-8- QUALITY (As Per ASME Sec. V -T 281)

The processed radiographs shall be free from artefacts, chemicals or other
blemishes to the extent that cannot mask or be confused with the image of any
discontinuity in the area designated by the location markers and procedure.
Such blemishes include, but not limited to:
1. Fogging
2. Scratches, Finger Marks, Crimps, Dirt, Static Marks, Smudges or Tears
3. Processing Defects such as Streaks, Water Marks or Chemical Stains;
4. Loss of detail due to poor screen to film contact;
5. False identifications due to defective screens or internal faults.
3-9- IDENTIFICATION AND LOCATION OF MARKS ON RADIOGRAPHS
The type of identification and method by which identification is achieved shall
be agreed between the vendor and inspector. The minimum identification should
at least include the project name, the weld no., the welder no., part thickness,
the date, the letter “R” should be used to designate a radiograph of a repair and
may include-1, -2, etc., for the number of repairs. Location markers (that is lead
or high atomic number metal or letter, (that are to appear as images on the
radiographic film) should be placed on the part being examined, whenever
practical, and not on the cassette. Their exact locations should also be marked
on the surface of the part being radio graphed.
3-10- STORAGE AND PROTECTION OF FILM
Unexposed films shall be stored in clean, dry place where the condition will not
detrimentally affect the emulsion.
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Radiographs will be bonded by the vendor for the duration of the works and
field in suitable boxes with appropriate reports and proper works.
All radiographs, including any showing unacceptable quality period to repair
shall be delivered to the company upon completion of the work.
Films should be handled only at their edges, and with dry, clean hands to avoid
finger marks on film’s surface.
Sharp bending, excessive pressure, and rough handling of any kind must be
avoided.
3-11- ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
Welds examined by radiography shall be interpreted and evaluated for
acceptance or rejection as per UW 51(b) of ASME Section VIII Div. (1) (refer
to API 650, Clause 8.1.5).
Refer to Annexure D for excerpts from ASME Section VIII Div. (1) for quick
reference.
4- Liquid Penetrant examination (PT)
4-1- APPLICABILITY
Any surface in as weld, as rolled, as ground, as forged, as machined condition
or any case in the condition required by construction drawing.
4-2- PERSONAL QUALIFICATION
requirements of T-170 of ASME Sec. V.
4-3- SURFACE PREPARATION
The surface to be inspected shall be finished to the drawing requirements.
Where the drawing does not specify otherwise, as welded, as rolled, as cast, as
forged surface condition shall be considered suitable for inspection. Surface
preparation by grinding, machining or other methods may be necessary where
surface irregularities.
Prior to dye-penetrant examination, the surface to be examined and al adjacent
areas within at least 25 mm shall be dry and free of any dirt, grease, lint, scale,
welding flux, weld spatter, oil or other extraneous matter that could obscure
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surface openings or otherwise interfere with the examination.

4-4- DRYING
After cleaning, drying of the surface to be examined shall be accomplished by
normal evaporation or with forced hot or cold air. A minimum period of time
shall be established to ensure that the cleaning solution has evaporated prior
application of the penetrant.
4-5- EXAMINATION METHOD
Standard Temperature
As a standard technique, the temperature of the penetrant and the surface of the
part to be processed shall not be below 16 °C nor above 52 °C throughout the
examination period. Local heating or cooling is permitted provided the part
temperature remains in the range of 16 °C to 52 °C during the examinations.
Other temperatures and times may be used provided the procedures are
qualified as specified in ASME SEC.V PART T-648
Penetrant Application
The penetrant may be applied by a suitable means, such as dipping, brushing or
spraying.
Penetrant dwell time
The length of time the penetrant must remain on the part to allow proper
penetration should be as recommended by the Penetrant manufacture, but a
guide for selection of penetrant dwell time 5 minutes may be assumed. After the
specified penetration time has elapsed, any penetrant remaining on the surface
shall be removed. Taking
care to minimize removal of Penetrant from discontinuities. Excess water
washable Penetrant shall be removed with a water spray. The water pressure
shall not exceed 50 PSI and the water temperatures shall not exceed 43 °C. In
special application, Penetrant removal may be performed by wiping the surface
with a clean, absorbent material dampened with water until the excess surface
Penetrant is removed, as determined by examination under white light for
visible methods. For the water washable technique, the surface may be dried by
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blowing with clean materials or by using circulating air, provided the

temperature of the surface is not raised above 52 °C. Local heating or cooling is
permitted provided the temperature of the part remains in the range of 10 °C to
52 °C for visible methods unless otherwise agreed by the contracting parties.
4-6- DEVELOPING
The developer shall be applied as soon as possible after Penetrant removal; the
time interval shall not exceed that established in the procedure. Insufficient
coating thickness may not draw the Penetrant out of discontinuities; conversely,
excessive coating thickness may mask indications.
- Wet developer application: prior to applying suspension type wet
developer to the surface, the developer must be thoroughly agitated
to ensure adequate dispersion of suspended particles.
- Aqueous developer: aqueous developer may be applied to either a
water or dry surface. It shall be applied by dipping, brushing,
spraying or other means, provided a thin coating is obtained over
the entire surface being examined.
- Developing time: the length of time the developer is to remain on
the part prior to examination should be not less than 7 minutes.
Developing time being immediately after the application of dry
powder developer and as soon as wet (aqueous and no aqueous)
developer coating is dry.
4-7- EXAMINATION METHOD
Final interpretation shall be made within 7 to 30 minutes after the wet
developer coating is dried if bleed out does not alter the examination results,
longer periods are permitted. The type of discontinuities is difficult to evaluate
if the Penetrant diffuses excessively into the developer. If this condition occurs,
close observation of the formation of indication during application of the
developer may assist in characterizing and determining of the extent of the
indications. With a color contrast Penetrant, the developer forms uniform white
coating, surface discontinuities are indicated by bleed out of the Penetrant
which is normally a deep red color that stains the developer. Indications with a
light pink color may indicate excessive cleaning. In adequate cleaning may have
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an excessive background making interpretation difficult. Adequate illumination

(minimum 1000 Lx) is required to ensure adequate sensitivity during the
examination and evaluation of indications.
4-8- EVALUATION OF INDICATIONS
An indication is the evidence of a mechanical imperfection; only indications
with major dimension greater than 1.6 mm shall be considered relevant.
- A linear indication is one having a length greater than three
times the width.
- A rounded indication is one of circular or elliptical shape with
the length equal to or less than three times the width.
- Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be re-examined to
determine whether or not they are relevant.
4-9- ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
All surfaces to be examined shall be free of:
- Relevant linear indications
- Relevant rounded indications greater than 4.8 mm
- Four or more relevant rounded indication in a line separated by
1.6 mm or less (edge to edge)
- An indication of an imperfection may be larger than the
imperfection that causes it, however the size of indication is the
basis for acceptance evaluation.
5- Vacuum-Box Testing (VBT)
5-1- SCOPE
The leak testing methods in storage tank shall be applied for bottom and
annular plates and roof plates.
- The correct choice of leak testing method for sensitivity, cost
and reliability shall be checked
- It is important to distinguish the sensitivity associated with the
instrument employed to measure leakage and the sensitivity of
the test system followed using the instrument.
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5-2- METHODS
The leak testing methods that use in storage tanks normally described as
follows:
- Vacuum box technique
- Penetration oil technique
5-3- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
The leak testing shall be performed before hydrostatic testing. For the leak
testing the following items shall be checked before testing:
- Personal qualification / certificate
- Calibration of equipment / tools
- Extent of examination
- Acceptable test sensitivity of leakage rate
- The test surface shall be free of oil, grease, Paint or other
contaminations that might mask a leak
- The pressure or vacuum limitation unless specified in specification
shall not exceeding 25 percent of the design pressure
- When dial indicating and recording pressure gages are used in leak
testing they should preferably have the dial graduated over a range
of about double the intended maximum pressure, but in no case
shall the range be less than 1 ½ no more than four times that
pressure. The all dial indicating and recording type gages used
shall be calibrated against a standard deadweight tester, a
calibrated master gage, or a mercury column, and recalibrated at
least once a year when in used
The temperature of the surface of the parts to be examined shall not be below 5
°C nor above 50 °C throughout the examination. Local heating or cooling is
permitted provided temperatures remained within the range of 5 °C to 50 °C
during the test.
The area under test is acceptable when no continuous bubble formation is
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observed. When leakage is observed, the position of the leak (s) shall be
marked. The component will then be depressurized and the leak (s) repaired.
After repair has been made, the area or areas shall be retested in accordance
with the requirements of this procedure.
After testing, surface cleaning may be required for product serviceability.
This procedure co Each vacuum-box operator shall meet the following
requirements:
a. Has vision (with correction, if necessary) to be able to read a Jaeger
Type 2 standard chart at a distance of not less than 300 mm (12 in.).
Operators shall be checked annually to ensure that they meet this
requirement; and
b. is competent in the technique of the vacuum-box testing, including
performing the examination and interpreting and evaluating the results;
however, where the examination method consists of more than one
operation, the operator performing only a portion of the test need only be
qualified for that portion the operator perform should be used for testing
of bottom plates and floating roof.
5-4- VACUUM PRESSURE TECHNIQUE
Process description Vacuum testing is conveniently performed using a metal
testing box 6” wide by 30” long with a glass window in and top the open bottom
is sealed against the tank surface by a sponge rubber gasket. Suitable
connections, valves, and gauges should be provided. Approximately 30” of the
weld seams under test is brushed with a soap solution or linseed oil. In freezing
weather, a non-freezing solution may be necessary. The vacuum box is placed
over the coated section of the seam, and a vacuum is applied to the box. The
presence of porosity in the seam is indicated by bubbles or foam produced by
air sucked through the welded seam. A vacuum can be drawn on the box by any
convenient method, such as connection to a gasoline or diesel motor intake
manifold or to an air ejector or special vacuum pump. The gage should register
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a partial vacuum of at least 2 PSIG. The temperature of the surface of the parts
to be tested shall not be below 5 °C nor above 50 °C throughout the
examination. Local heating or cooling is permitted provided temperatures
remained within the range of 5 °C to 50 °C during the test.
Application The above test shall be used for bottom plates and roof plates and
also suitable to use for testing of weld between annular plates and lowest shell
plates.
5-5- Acceptance Criteria
Through-thickness leaks of any sort are treated as unacceptable in API 650. The
leaks are classified under the following two categories:
1. A through-thickness leak is indicated by continuous formation or growth
of a bubble(s) or foam, produced by air passing through the thickness.
2. A large opening leak is indicated by a quick bursting bubble or spitting
response at the initial setting of the vacuum box.
Both the leaks are unacceptable and shall be repaired and tested again.
6- PENETRATION OIL Test
This technique shall be used for leakage testing of follow weld seams:
- Lower most course to annular plates
- Vertical and horizontal joints of upper most courses.
- Compart / rim plates to deck plates
Spray all of the joints from the one side with highly penetrating oil, such as
automobile spring oil and carefully examined the other side of the joints for.
7- Pneumatic Testing of Reinforcement Pads
All reinforcement pads provided as compensation against openings made on the
tank shall be subjected to pneumatic testing before the final hydrostatic testing
of the tank. Reinforcement pads are required for nozzles of 65 NB (3”) and
above. Reinforcement pads so provided shall have tell-tale holes, intended to
facilitate the escape of hot gases during welding, to detect any leaks during
hydrostatic testing, and to detect leaks from nozzle or manway welds during
service, which can be used for pneumatic testing of pads as well.
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7-1- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

all reinforcement pads provided as compensation against openings made on the
tank shall be subjected to pneumatic testing before the final hydrostatic testing
of the tank. To facilitate this, all reinforcement pads shall be provided with at
least one tell-tale hole in each segment of the pad, if they are made in segments,
and these holes shall be open to the atmosphere even during the service life of
the tank. Tell-tale holes shall be of 6 mm (1/4”) in diameter and internally
threaded so as to hold the pneumatic test equipment. The ideal location to place
this tell-tale hole shall be at 25 mm (1”) from the periphery of the pad at the
horizontal centreline. (For details refer to Figure 5.8 of API 650.)
The leak testing shall be performed before hydrostatic testing. For the leak
testing the following items shall be checked before testing:
- Personal qualification / certificate
- Calibration of equipment / tools
- Extent of examination
- Acceptable test sensitivity of leakage rate
- The test surface shall be free of oil, grease, Paint or other contaminations
that might mask a leak
- When dial indicating and recording pressure gages are used in leak
testing they should preferably have the dial graduated over a range of
about double the intended maximum pressure, but in no case shall the
range be less than 1 ½ no more than four times that pressure. The all dial
indicating and recording type gages used shall be calibrated against a
standard deadweight tester, a calibrated master gage, or a mercury
column, and recalibrated at least once a year when in used
7-2- Test Pressure and Methodology

Testing of reinforcement pads shall be carried out at a pressure of 100 kPa (15
psig) gauge. Pressure is applied using an attachment similar to that shown in
Figure between the pad plate and the shell. The film solution shall be applied to
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all welds between the pad, manhole/nozzle, and shell, from both inside and
outside the tank. The welds that are to be tested using the film solution are
indicated in below Figure.
(Arrangement for reinforcement pad testing)

In case magnetic particle testing or liquid penetrant testing of nozzle or pad
weld is required either by code or by specification from the client, this shall be
completed prior to the pneumatic testing of the pads.
Pneumatic test shall be performed prior to heat treatment (if applicable) and a
hydrostatic test.
Test set-up Attachment containing two pressure gauges and an isolation valve
shall be connected to a 6 mm (1/4”) internally threaded tell-tale hole, and air
pressure shall be applied gradually. Pressure gauges shall have valid calibration
at the time of the test. The range of pressure gauges used shall be within 1.5 to
4 times the test pressure.
Open the inlet valve until the desired pressure is reached, 100 kPa (15 psig)
with either dry air or nitrogen. Prior to examination the test, pressure shall be
held for a minimum of 5 minutes. Maintain that pressure until the test is
completed.
While the pad is pressurized, apply a non-chloride film solution over the
reinforcing pad welds on the inside and outside of the tank using a hand spray
pump or brush. Welds that are to be inspected using a film solution are shown
in bellow Figure:
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The area under test is acceptable when no continuous bubble formation is

observed. When leakage is observed, the position of the leak (s) shall be
marked. The component will then be depressurized and the leak (s) repaired.
After repair has been made, the area or areas shall be retested in accordance
with the requirements of this procedure.
After testing, surface cleaning may be required for product serviceability.
Other factors to be considered during the test are as follows:
• Temperature limits of the metal surface during the test shall be between
4°C and 52°C (40°F and 125°F), unless the film solution is proven to
work at temperatures outside these limits, either by testing or by the
manufacturer’s recommendations.
• A minimum light intensity of 1,000 lux at the point of examination is
required during the test and evaluation for leaks.
• The examiner shall have a valid vision certification.
Observe for any sign of leaks, the absence of which confirms acceptance, and
pressure can be brought back to atmospheric. Otherwise, depressurize, repair,
and retest in the same manner.
When the pad has successfully passed the test, documentation to this effect
shall be made and countersigned by all parties involved. This shall be included
in the manufacturer’s record book.
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8- Visual Examination (VE)

This procedure defines the responsibilities and the different steps in the
inspection fit-up and welds for storage tanks. Visual inspection shall be
understood as a daily control of the fabrication quality in view of reaching the
final stage of NDT inspection in the best condition included inspection prior
and during welding and final inspection of welds.
8-1- RESPONSIBILITIES
The responsibilities will be divided as follows:
Welders are first line of inspection but are not charge of the acceptance of the
weld. Welding foreman ensures that:
- A qualified procedure will be used.
- The welder is qualified for the procedure
- Inspection of the fit-up and welding
- Final test is correctly marked (weld number and welder stamp)
- Inform QC inspector if defect or any other problem occurs.
- Inform QC department when fit-up is completed
- Verify that the fit-up have been controlled before to start welding
- Inform QC inspector when weld is finished
QC inspectors perform the visual inspection, the fit-up and the weld, issue and
fill the visual inspection report
8-2- INSPECTION PRIOR WELDING
The QC welding engineer is responsible to ensure that the following
requirements are correctly applied. Daily he files the visual inspection reports
with the date of each fit-up. Every fit-up are inspected are reported. The QC
welding engineer gives the final acceptance.
tack welding shall be carried out by qualified welders in accordance with
section IX of ASME code and shall be visually examined for defects, which
shall be removed if found. Tack welds shall be made using the same filler metal
as that required for the second pass of the applicable weld procedure except that
the weld filler metal diameter may be reduced to facilitate tack welding.
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The QC welding engineer is responsible to ensure that the sequence is correctly

applied.
In assembling and joining parts of a structure, the procedure and sequence shall
be such as will minimize distortion and shrinkage. All welds shall be made in a
sequence that will balance the applied heat of welding while the welding
progresses. After the bottom plates are laid out and tacked, they shall jointed by
welding the joint in a sequences that quality to result in the least distortion
from shrinkage.
When edge of plates are gas cut, the resulting surface shall be uniform and
smooth and shall be free from scale and slag accumulation before welding.
After cut or sheared edges are wire brushed the fine film of rust adhering to the
edges need not be removed before welding. Circumferential edges of roof and
bottom plates may be manually gas cut.
For circumferential and vertical joints in tank shell courses constructed of
material over 1 ½ “thick (based on the thicker plate at the joint) multi pass weld
procedures are required, with no pass over ¼” thick permitted. A minimum
preheats of 93 °C is required for these welds.
All of the welding consumables shall be checked by visual examination for
storage, handling and backing condition. At the arrival of the consumables the
inspector shall carry out a visual inspection, co-relation of batch certificate
with product. Verify the batch no. and the review the batch certification in
accordance with ASME SEC II-Part C. All low hydrogen electrodes before used
shall be dried in the baking oven.
8-3- INSPECTION DURING WELDING
The welder or operator and welding foreman is responsible to ensure that the
following requirements are applied. Inter pass cleaning of all passes shall be
carried out and where possible stops / starts shall be staggered by 5 cm.
minimum. Maximum inter pass temperatures shall be specified by WPS.
Welders and operators according with the good practice shall inspect every
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pass.
8-4- VISUAL INSPECTION OF WELDS
All welds shall be visually examined in accordance with the drawings and
specification requirements. Visual inspection shall be reported and the QC
welding engineer shall be informed about visually rejected welds to take action
prior to NDT.
Profile of external reinforcement.
A. Weld metal to be properly fused with the base metal without undercutting
or overlapping at the weld toe.
B. The edge of all welds shall merge with the surface of the plate without a
sharp angle. The maximum acceptable undercutting is 1/64 “ of the base
metal for vertical butt joints and for horizontal butt joints undercutting
not exceeding 1/32 “ in depth is acceptable.
C. The reinforcement of the welds on all butt joints on each side of the plate
shall not exceed the following thickness.
Plate thickness Maximum reinforcement thickness (inch)

(inch) Vertical joints Horizontal joints
<= 1/2 3/32 1/8
½ through 1 1/8 3/16
>1 3/16 1/4
The reinforcement need not be removed except to the extent that it

exceeds the maximum acceptable thickness.
D. The finished surface of the reinforcement may be flush with the plate or
may have a reasonably uniform crown not to exceed the following
values.
Plate thickness (inch) Maximum thickness of reinforcement (inch)
<=1/2 1/16
1/2 to 1 3/32
>1 1/8
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A weld shall be acceptable by visual inspection of the inspection show

the following:
A. The weld has no crater cracks or other surface cracks.
B. For welds that attach nozzles, manholes, cleanout openings, and
permanent attachments, undercutting shall not exceed 1/64 inch.
C. The frequency of surface porosity in the weld does not exceed one
cluster (one or more pores) in any four inches of length, and the diameter
of each cluster does not exceed 3/32 inch.
After any stress reliving but before hydrostatic testing of the tank, welds
attaching nozzles, manholes, and cleanout openings shall be examined visually
and by the liquid Penetrant method. (See liquid Penetrant examination
procedure).
Plates to be joined by but welding shall be matched accurately and retained in
position during the welding operation. Misalignments in completed vertical
joints over 5/8 inch shall not exceed 10 percent of the plate thickness with the
maximum of 1/8 inch. Misalignment in joints 5/8 inch or less shall not exceed
1/16 inch.
In completed horizontal but joints the upper plate shall not project beyond the
face of the lower plate at any point by more than 20 percent of the thickness of
the upper plate with a maximum projection of 1/8 inch except that a projection
of 1/16 inch is acceptable for upper plates less than 5/16 inch thick.
Pinhole leaks or porosity in a tank bottom joint may be repaired by applying an
additional weld bead over the defective area.
Local deviations from theoretical shape (for example weld discontinuities and
flat spots) shall be limited as follows:
- Peaking at vertical weld joints shall not exceed ½ inch. Peaking at
vertical weld joints shall be determined using a horizontal sweep board
36 inches long.
- Banding at horizontal weld joints shall not exceed ½ inch. Banding at
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horizontal weld joints shall be determined using a vertical sweep board

36 inches long.
8-5- TEMPORARY ATTACHMENTS
Temporary attachments to shell courses shall be removed, and any resulting
damage shall be repaired and ground to a smooth profile.
8-6- INSTRUMENTS
Some common instruments that are useful for visual examination include:
- Steel Ruler
- Caliper
- Mechanical Gage
- Depth Gage
- Weld Fillet Gage
- Cambridge Gage
- Magnifying Lens
- Inspection Mirror
8-7- REPAIR
All defects, cracks, or leaks in shell joints or the shell to bottom joint shall be
repaired in accordance with Para. 8.5 of API – 650 standar.
Defects in welds shall be repaired by chipping or melting out the defects from
out side or both sides of the joint, as required and rewelding. Only the cutting
out of defective joints that is necessary to correct the defects is required.
A weld that failed to meet the criteria given in Para. 8.5. of API-650 standard
shall be reworked prior hydrostatic testing as follows:
- Any defects shall be removed by mechanical means or thermal gouging
process.
- Re-welding is required if the resulting thickness is less than the
minimum required for design and hydrostatic test conditions. All defects
in area thicker than the minimum shall be feathered to at least a 4:1
taper.
- The repaired welds in joints shall be checked by repeating the original
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inspection procedure and by repeating one of the testing methods of API-

650
8-8- VISUAL INSPECTION METHOD
This report is maintaining in files by the QC department. Each report has a
specific number for each storage tank. The visual inspection report is a part of
the weld trace ability and his number is recorded for each weld in the weld trace
ability log.
8-9- Acceptance Criteria for Visual Examination
Crater cracks, other surface cracks, or arc strikes in or adjacent to welded joints
are not permitted. In addition, limits are set for undercuts of various types of
welds.
The maximum permissible undercut is 0.4 mm (1/64”) in depth for vertical butt
joints, vertically oriented permanent attachments, attachment welds for nozzles,
manholes, flush-type openings, and inside shell-to-bottom welds. For full
acceptance criteria with regard to undercuts and surface pores, see Clause 8.5.2
of API650.
8-10- Vision Requirement for Visual Inspectors
All inspectors engaged in visual examination shall have vision (with correction,
if necessary) to be able to read a Jaeger Type 2 standard chart at a distance of
not less than 300 mm (12”) and is capable of passing a colour contrast test and
shall be reaffirmed annually. The vision requirement in API 650 is slightly
more stringent than that recommended in SNT-TC-1A of ASNT and hence are
elaborated in Clause 8.5.1 of API 650. Though vision is a primary requirement,
the inspector’s competency in work is also an equally or more important aspect
in qualifying a person as visual inspector.
9- Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
This procedure is intended for Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic examination of butt and
fillet welds of components of storage tanks in carbon steel.
9-1- PERSONNEL
All personnel performing Ultrasonic examination shall be qualified in
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accordance with SNT-TC-1A.

The area under test and adjacent base metal shall be free from slag, loose scale,
paint or other foreign material which may interfere with performance or
evaluation of test.
9-3- REFERENCE SYSTEM
Basic Calibration Blocks (BCB) must be used to stabiles a primary response of
the equipment and to construct a Distance Amplitude Correction Curve (DAC)
either for straight or angle beam technique.
The dimension and hole size of the basic calibration block shall be selected as
per ASME Sec. V - T 542.2-1. (See Fig. 2)
Transfer correction is not required if the BCB is of the same material, heat
treatment and surface condition of the test object.
9-4- EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
Equipment
An ultrasonic, pulsed, reflection type instrument shall be capable of generating
frequencies of at least 1 MHz to 5 MHz. and shall be equipped with a stepped
gain control in units of 2.0 dB or less. If the instrument has a damping control,
it may be used if it does not reduce the sensitivity of the examination. The
reject control shall be in the “off” position for all examinations, unless it can be
demonstrated that it does not affect the linearity of the examination.
The instrument, when required because of the technique being used, shall have
both send and receive jacks for operation of dual search units or a single search
unit with send and receive transducers.
Screen Height Linearity
The ultrasonic instrument shall provide linear vertical presentation within ±5%
of the full screen height for at least 80% of calibrated screen height.
The procedure for evaluating screen height linearity is provided in appendix I
of Art. 5, ASME SEC. V and shall performed at the beginning of each period of
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extended use (or every 3 months, whichever is less).

Amplitude Control Linearity
The ultrasonic instrument shall utilize as amplitude control, accurate over its
useful range to ±20% of the nominal amplitude ratio, to allow measurement of
the indications beyond the linear range of the vertical display on the screen.
The procedure for evaluating amplitude control linearity is given in appendix II
of Art. 5, ASME SEC. V and shall performed at the beginning of each period of
extended use (or every 3 months, whichever is less).
Search Unit
The search unit to be used shall have following characteristics:
ROW MODEL SIZE (mm) FREQUENCY THICKNESS (mm)

1 Ø = 90° .TR Max Ø 24 mm 2 ~ 4 MHz Up to 30
2 Ø = 70° 8 × 9 or 20 × 22 2 ~ 4 MHz Up to 30
Rate of scanning
The rate of scanning for examination shall not exceed 150 mm/sec unless
calibration is verified at the scanning speed.
Coupland:
A suitable liquid coolant such as reagent grade glycerine, CMC (Sodium
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose) or equivalent shall be used to couple search units to
the surface.
Coupland may not be comparable to one another and the same Coupland shall
be used for calibration and examination.
9-5- EXAMINATION PROCEDURE
Time Base Range Calibration.
Straight Beam Probe:
The horizontal axis of CRT / LCD shall be so calibrated that at least second
back wall echo of test piece can be achieved on CRT screen. The following
equation may be used for Time Base Range Calibration
2d ≤ SB ≤ 4d or
In which:
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SB is Time Base Range

SB min= 2d
d is part thickness
SB max= 4d
Straight Beam Probe:
The horizontal axis of CRT shall be so calibrated that satisfy the following
equation:
SB ≈ 2d cos Ø
which:
d: is part thickness
Ø: is probe angle
Base Metal Examination:
As per ASME-V-T 540; prior to the commencement of weld examination, at
least the 1” (25 mm) band of base metal, on both sides of the weld, shall be
examined by suitable straight beam probe and any discontinuity detected in this
area shall be recorded to avoiding interfere with angle beam probe scanning and
evaluation.
Weld Examination:
After base metal examination, the weld will then be examined using appropriate
shear wave probes with scanning patterns generally as described in Appendix 1
of this procedure.
Where possible, butt welds shall be scanned from both sides of the weld,
usually from one surface.
Sensitivity Level:
The Reference Level Sensitivity for monitoring discontinuities, is the primer
reference response corrected for distance by DAC, modified by the transfer
method, if used.
Registration Gain:
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The scanning shall be performed at a gain setting of two times (6dB) the
Reference Level.
NOTE: Evaluation of indication shall be performed at Reference Level
Sensitivity setting.
9-6- ACCEPTANCE/ REJECTION CRITERIA
As per ASME Sec. VIII-Div. 2 App. 12; Imperfections which produces a
response greater than 20% of the Reference Level shall be investigated to the
extent that the operator can determine the shape, identity, and the location of all
such imperfections and evaluate them in terms of the acceptance standards
given in (a) and (b) below:
a. Indications characterized as Cracks, Lack of Fusion or Incomplete
Penetration are unacceptable regardless of lengths.
b. Other imperfections are unacceptable if the indications exceed the
Reference Level amplitude and have length which exceeds:
1) ¼ in for t up to ¾ in.
2) 1/3 t for t from ¾ in to 2¼ in.
3) ¾ in for t over 2¼ in.
Where, t is the thickness of the weld excluding any allowable
reinforcement. For a butt weld joining two members having different
thicknesses at the weld, t is the thinner of these two thicknesses. If a full
penetration weld includes a fillet weld, the thickness of the throat of the
fillet shall be included in t.
9-7- EXAMINATION OF REPAIRS
Repaired area shall be examined by the same method used for original detection
of discontinuities.
9-8- EXAMINATION REPORT
A report shall be contained the following information:
a. Identification of item under examination;
b. Surface condition;
c. Date of examination;
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d. Identity of technician;
e. Flow detection equipment used;
f. Angle and frequency of probes used;
g. Specification for examination, including test sensitivity;
h. Specification for acceptance / rejection criteria;
i. Results obtained including a full size, cross section view of weld with
position of all reportable defects accurately shown, and a plan view
showing the accurate longitudinal position of all defects from a known
datum;
j. Any other information which will aid reproduce ability of the
examination or will assist in interpretation of the results
9-9- APPENDIX 1
SB ≈ 2d cos Ø
which:
d is part thickness
Ø is probe angle
Page 35 of 54
Fig. 2 Basic Calibration Block Sketch

Basic
Hole
Weld Thickness t Calib. Notch Size
Diameter
Block Thk.
t ≤ 1 in ( ≤ 25.4 mm ) 3/4 in or t 3/32 in
1 in < t ≤ 2 in ( 025 mm < t ≤ 050 mm ) 1,1/2 in or t 1/8 in
Width = 1/8 in to 1/4 in.
2 in < t ≤ 4 in ( 050 mm < t ≤ 100 mm ) 3 in or t 3/16 in
Depth = 2% T or 0.04 in.
4 in < t ≤ 6 in ( 100 mm < t ≤ 150 mm ) 5 in or t 1/4 in
whichever is greater, into
6 in < t ≤ 8 in ( 150 mm < t ≤ 200 mm ) 7 in or t 5/16 in the base metal.
8 in < ≤ 10 in ( 200 mmt < t ≤ 250
9 in or t 3/8 in
mm )
[ Note (1) Length = 2 in. min .
t > 10 in ( ≤ 250 mm ) 1 int ±
]
Page 36 of 54
GENERAL NOTES:
a. Holes shall be drilled and reamed a minimum of 1-1/2 in. deep,
essentially parallel to the examination surface.
b. Alternatively, the block may be constructed as shown in Fig. T-441.1. of
ASME Sec. V.
c. Curved surfaces: for curved surfaces, two curved blocks, one for each
representative curvature; or two sets of calibration reflectors oriented 90°
from each other shall be used.
d. Notches may be provided as required.
e. The tolerance for hole diameter shall be ± 1/32 in. The tolerance on
notch depth shall be +10 and -20%. The tolerance on hole location
through the thickness shall be ± 1/8 in.
NOTE (1): For each increase in weld thickness of 2 in. or fraction thereof over 10
in., the hole diameter shall increase 1/16 in.
10- Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)
This procedure describes the method used by SADID for inspection by Magnetic
Particle Testing of all forms of materials where this type of inspection is required /
recommended.
10-1- PERSONNEL
requirements of T-170 of ASME Sec. V or SADID Written Practice.
10-2- MATERIALS TO BE EXAMINED
Bevels
Areas where temporary supports have been welded after removal of supports
Forgings
But and Nozzles Welding
Satisfactory results may generally be obtained when the surfaces are in the as-
welded, as-cast, as-rolled or as-forged condition. However, surface preparation by
Page 37 of 54
grinding or machining may be necessary where surface irregularities, would

otherwise mask the indication of discontinuities.
Prior to magnetic particle examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent
areas within at least 25 mm shall be dry and free of all dirt, grease, lint, scale,
welding flux and spatter, oil or other extraneous matter that could interfere with the
examination.
All accessible surfaces of the actual weld width plus at least 25 mm on each side
adjacent to the weld shall be cleaned and examined. Actual weld width and the heat
affected zone of the base metal for at least 12.5 mm on each side adjacent to the weld
shall be evaluated.
If nonmagnetic coatings are left on the part in the area being examined, it shall be
demonstrated that indications can be detected through the existing maximum coating
thickness applied.
10-4- TEST PERFORMANCE
Calibration of Equipment:
The magnetizing power of yokes shall be checked prior to use, or within the past
year or whenever the yoke has been damaged or repaired. If yoke has not been in use
for a year or more, a check shall be done prior to first use.
The Yoke shall have a lifting power of at least 4.5 Kg at the maximum pole spacing
at which will be used.
Each weight shall be weighted with a scale from a reputable manufacturer and
stenciled with the applicable nominal weight prior to first use. A weight need only be
verified again if damaged in a manner that could have caused potential loss of
material.
Magnetic Particle
The color of the particle shall provide adequate contrast with the surface being
examined.
Field Strength:
The efficiency of magnetic field shall be checked before and during the examination
Page 38 of 54
by Berthold Field Indicator.

Illumination for Inspection:
The illumination intensity for viewing indication shall be at least 500 Lux at Test
Surface.
Sequence of Operations:
The continuous method shall be used, in this method the indicating medium is
applied while the magnetizing force is applied. The examination of each zone shall
be performed by placing the poles in two different positions (i.e. 90° opposed to
previous position if possible) so that crossing lines of force are generated.
The test surface temperature shall not exceed 57 °C.
The magnetic particle shall be applied by spraying over areas to be inspected.
The mechanism and timing of magnetic particle application shall be such that
indications will have sufficient time to form.
10-5- EVALUATION OF INDICATIONS
Indications will be revealed by retention of magnetic particles. All such indications
are not necessarily imperfections however, since excessive surface roughness,
magnetic permeability variations (such as at the edge of heat affected zone) etc, may
produce similar indications. An indication is the evidence of a mechanical
imperfection. Only indications which have any dimension greater than 1/16” (1.6
mm) shall be considered relevant.
- A linear indication is one having a length greater than three times its width.
- A rounded indication is one of the circular or elliptical shapes with a length
equal to or less than three times its width.
- Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be re-examined to determine
whether or not they are relevant.
10-6- ACCEPTANCE/ REJECTION CRITERIA
These acceptance criteria shall apply unless other more restrictive standards are
specified for specific materials or applications within this Deviation. All surfaces
examined shall be free of:
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- Relevant linear Indications;

- Relevant rounded indications greater than 3/16” (4.8 mm);
- Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 1/16” (1.6
mm) or less, edge to edge;
- An indication of an imperfection may be larger than imperfections that cause
it, however the size of the indication is the basis for acceptance evaluation.
10-7- REPAIR REQUIREMENTS
When a defect appears to be removed, the area shall be re-examined by the same
method to verify that it has been removed completely.
10-8- DEMAGNETIZATION
Demagnetization is not required for the products covered by this specification.
11- HARDNESS TEST (ht)
11-1- STAGE OF EXAMINATION
The examination shall be performed when applicable after PWHT.
The position subject of examination shall be prepared through smooth grinding area
with dimension min. 30x30 mm including center of weld and heat affected zone.
11-2- APPARATURS
Testing Machine:
Portable equipment shall be used for hardness testing.
Equipment for Brinell hardness testing usually consists of a testing machine which
supports the test specimen and applies an indenting force to a ball in contact with the
specimen. The design of testing machine shall insure that the force the indenter
(Brinell ball) shall be applied smoothly and without impact force. To calibrate the
testing machine, see manual manufacture's instruction test machine and ASTM E10.
Brinell Ball (Indenter)
The ball shall be polished and free of surface defect. A hardened steel ball or
tungsten carbide ball may be used for materials for a Brinell hardness not exceeding
450 HB.
To get information about ball sizes and tolerances see table 4 (ASTM E10)
The angle between the ball force line and the surface of the specimen shall be 90
Page 40 of 54
±2°.
Test Specimen:
The thickness of the specimen shall be such that no bulge or marking showing the
effect of the test force appears on the side of the piece opposite the indention.
Minimum thickness requirement for hardness test is given in table 5 of ASTM E10.
The surface on which the indentation is to be made, shall be filed, ground, machined
or polished with abrasive material so that the edge of the indentation shall be clearly
defined to permit measurement. Care should be taken to avoid overheating or cold
working the surface.
Test Force: Typically, standard test force for a intender of 10 mm diameter is 29.42
and 14.7 KN. For another ball diameter see table 3 (ASTM E10) time duration for
applying full test force is 10 to 15 S.
11-3- EVALUATION OF INDENTATION
When indentation is made on a curved surface, the minimum radius of curvature of
the surface shall not be less than 2½ times the diameter of the ball. The measurement
of the indentation shall be taken as the mean of the major and minor axes (“d” in Fig.
1). A number which is proportional to the quotient, obtained by dividing the test
force by the curved area of the indention which is assumed to be spherical.
2𝐹𝐹
𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 = 0.102 ×
𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋�𝐷𝐷 − √𝐷𝐷2 − 𝑑𝑑2 �
Where
“D” is diameter of the ball in mm,
“F” is test force in N
and “d” is mean diameter of the indentation.
d D
Fig1. Indentation in hardness test

Page 41 of 54
The values which are calculated according to the equation by considering different
values of the “d” and ball diameter are given in table 2 of ASTM E10.
11-4- EXAMINATION
On each circumferential weld (outside)
On each circumferential weld (Inside)
In the zone where repairs have been made by manual welding
In zones where temporary supports have been welded and subsequently removed
(according to the inspector judgment).
Hardness value for each type of weld shall be checked in 3 point included weld HAZ
and base metal and average of these values shall be determined and record for
compare with allowable value.
For carbon steel the measure values of hardness shall not exceed 225 HB.
11-5- CERTIFICATION
All hardness examination shall be certified on a relevant report inserted on Final
Book.
11-6- RESULTS
If hardness values exceed the max. allowable values section 6, an additional 2 tests
shall be on same weld. If either of the tests indicates excessive hardness, the weld
shall be made rejected and it is necessary to perform a new PWHT to correct the
excessive hardness, after approval by purchaser.
After PWHT, the weld shall be retested for hardness verification as detailed above.
12- REPORT Formats
12-1- NDT Reports
For all NDTs performed at the site, original reports shall be provided with due
endorsement from the contractor or consultant or client as applicable.
Reports shall contain details of components or welds radiographed with unique
identifications provided to each of the weld seams or components.
The personnel deputed to carry out NDTs and prepare the report shall be qualified
adequately for the envisaged works and provide evidence of proper qualifications.
Details of the examination techniques, equipment, consumables, and extent of testing
Page 42 of 54
shall be presented in detail in the report. When technique sheets have been separately
approved, reports need only contain a reference to these sheets.
01
As in other reports, both performance date and report date shall be clearly indicated.
When records consist of more than one page, all pages shall be numbered as “page x
of y” and have the report number on all pages to ensure inclusion of the complete
report.
The report shall clearly indicate the stage at which the NDT was carried out. For
example, when a heat treatment or forming is required in manufacturing, NDT
reports shall indicate whether the required examination was carried out before or
after the heat treatment operation.
Acceptance or rejection criteria adopted in the evaluation also shall be indicated in
the report.
The minimum achieved sensitivity levels or calibration standards along with the
acceptance criteria shall be recorded in the report.
Below table is the list of QC formats preceding the formats themselves implemented
at the site for performing quality controlling and quality assuring course of
activities:
Format
Row Report Title Number Remark
Rev.
01 Radiographic Test (RT) Report QC-ME-IF-011-00 Rev:00
02 Dye Penetrant Test (PT) Report QC-ME-IF-014-00 Rev:00
03 Vacuum-Box Testing (VB) Report QC-ME-IF-025-00 Rev:00
04 Penetration oil test (Pen. Oil) report QC-ME-IF-015-00 Rev:00
05 Weld Visual Inspection Report QC-ME-IF-010-00 Rev:00
06 Ultrasonic Test (UT) Report QC-ME-IF-012-00 Rev:00
07 Magnetic Particle Test (MT) Report QC-ME-IF-013-00 Rev:00
08 Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) Report QC-ME-IF-016-00 Rev:00
09 PWHT Completion Checklist QC-ME-IF-032-00 Rev:00
10 Hardness Survey Report QC-ME-IF-017-00 Rev:00
11 NDT Completion Checklist QC-ME-IF-033-00 Rev:00
12 NDT REQUEST QC-ME-IF-046-00 Rev:00
Page 43 of 54
01
Radiographic Test (RT) Report QC-ME-IF-011-00 Rev:00
Project
FIN No.: Report No.:
Name:
Tank Name: Contractor: TIV Energy Co. Date:
Contract
Tank No: Subcontractor:
No:
Tank No. Drawing No. Request no.
Weld Map Ref: Procedure No.
Radiographic Details
Source Film Type SFD
Source Strength Film Brand Density
Source Size IQI Sensitivity
Screen Technique SWSI DWSI DWDI
Material Weld Condition As Welded After PWHT
Description of Welds Radiographed
Film Type of
Welder
ITEM 1 ITEM 2 Size Result Defect and Remarks
ID
(mmxmm) Location
Description /
Work order
RT
Weld Material
ACCEPTED
RE-SHOOT
No
RE-TAKE
REPAIR
No. Type
No. Size Thk. Size Thk.
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
Radiographer Processor Interpreter

Abbreviations for Evaluation Acc Accepted Rep. Repair RE Re Shoot Ret Re-take
. S
Interpretation Codes EUC External Under Cut RC Root Concavity
N No Significant Defects ICP Incomplete Penetration IP Isolated Porosity
S
D
ISI Isolated Slag Inclusion BT Burn Through CP Cluster Porosity
ES Elongated Slag Inclusion IF Incomplete Fusion HB Hollow Bead Porosity
I
IR Inadequate Root Penetration TI Tungsten Inclusion LF Lack of Fusion
P
IU Internal Under Cut EP Excess Penetration CR Crack
C
Note:
Sub-Contractor Contractor MC/Owner
Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:
Signature: Signature: Signature:
Page 44 of 54
01
Dye Penetrant Test (PT) Report QC-ME-IF-014-00 Rev:00
Project
Name:
Tank No: Subcontractor: Contract No:
Tank No. Drawing No. Request no.:
Dye Penetrant Test Details
Equipment Type Cleaner Type
Material Cleaner Application
Surface Condition Developer Type
Penetrant Type Development Time
Dwell Time Stage Before PWHT After
PWHT
Method Color Fluorescent dye Lighting: Natura Artificial Ultraviolet
dye l
Description of Welds Tested
Serial No. Joint Location Indication Defect Size Evaluation
No.
Test Results & Comments (if any)

Technician Witnessed by Interpreter
Note:
Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:

Page 45 of 54
01
Vacuum-Box Testing (VB) Report QC-ME-IF-025-00 Rev:00
Project Name: FIN No.: Report No.:

TIV Energy
Tank Name: Contractor: Date:
Co.
Tank No. Drawing No.
Vacuum Gauge Details
Identification Certificate No.
Make Validity
Range Bubble Solution
Date of Calibration Metal Temperature
Vacuum Box
Test Pressure
Serial No. Joint No. Thickness Length Observation Remarks
Note:

Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:

Page 46 of 54
01
Penetration oil test (Pen. Oil) report QC-ME-IF-015-00 Rev:00

Tank Name: Contractor: TIV Energy Co. Date :
Chalk Oil Test
Oil Used Chalk Application
Application Dwell Time
Mental Temperature Posttest Cleaning
Joint
Serial No. Location Indication Defect Size Evaluation
No.
Test Results & Comments (if any):

Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:
Page 47 of 54
01
Weld Visual Inspection Report QC-ME-IF-010-00 Rev:00

Weld Map Drawing NDT Procedure
Ref: No. No.:
Joint Welding Welder WPS
Serial No. Drawing No./Description Joint No. Result
Type Process code No.
Notes:

Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:
Page 48 of 54
01
Ultrasonic Test (UT) Report QC-ME-IF-012-00 Rev:00

Tank No. Drawing No. Request no.
Ultrasonic Test Details
Equipment Type Area Scanned Time Base Range
Model/Sl. No. Surface Condition Defect Report Level
Certificate No. Coupland Defect Reject Level
Calibration Block Transfer Correction Stage Before/After
PWHT
Material & Thick- ness Reference dB
- Sensitivity
Scanning dB -
Details of Probes
Angle Frequency Size Type Angle Frequency Siz Type
e
-1 -2
-3 -4
Joint Probe < Defect Size (mm) Reference Height Evalu
Serial No. Location Defect Type ation
No. Indication Length Depth (+dB)

Notes:

Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:

Page 49 of 54
01 Magnetic Particle Test (MT) Report QC-ME-IF-013-00 Rev:00

Project
Name:
Tank TIV Energy
Contractor: Date:
Name: Co.
Tank No. Drawing No. Request no.:
Magnetic Particle Test Details
Equipment Type Magnetic Particle
Model/Sl. No. Material
Certificate No. & Surface Condition
Validity
Contrast Paint State Before /After PWHT
Method Wet Dry Fluorescent Lighting Natural Artificial Ultraviolet
- -
Serial No. Joint Location Indication Defect Size Evaluation
No.
Test Results & Comments (if any)

Notes:
Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:

Page 50 of 54
Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) Report QC-ME-IF-016-00 Rev:00

01
PWHT Cycle Details
Heating Rate Soaking Soaking Time
Temperature
Cooling Rate Loading Cooling below 425 °C Still air
Temperature
Details of Recorder
Equipment No. Type Calibration
Details of Thermocouples & Compensating Cables
Actual Parameters of PWHT
Type Composition Cable
Number Locations
Heating Rate Soaking Soaking Time
Temperature
Cooling Rate Loading Chart Speed
Temperature
Items Post Weld Heat Treated
Sl. No Description Remarks
Special Observations or Comments (if any):
Technician Witnessed by QC Engineer

Notes:
(1) Heating & Cooling rates specified are above 425°C (800°F)
(2) Location of thermocouples may be indicated through sketches (if required)

Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:
Page 51 of 54
01
PWHT Completion Checklist QC-ME-IF-032-00 Rev:00

Serial No. Component Type of Heat Soaking Time Soaking Report Reference Remar
Description Treatment Temperature ks
Notes:

Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:

Page 52 of 54
01
Hardness Survey Report QC-ME-IF-017-00 Rev:00

Hardness Test Details
Equipment Type
Model/Sl. No.
Certificate No & Validity
Material
Stage Before/After PWHT
Location & Hardness Values (BHN)
Serial No. Joint No. Remarks
PM(A) HAZ(B) Weld (C) HAZ(D) PM(E)

Notes:

Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:

Page 53 of 54
01 NDT Completion Checklist QC-ME-IF-033-00 Rev:00

TIV Energy
Tank Name: Contractor: Date:
Co.
Tank No: Drawing No. Subcontractor: Contract No:
Serial No. Location Description Weld Status Remarks
Annular butt
Fillets
Bottom Plate Fillet BP to
sketch plate
Sump
To annular
Vertical
Horizontal
To curb angle
To compression
ring
Wind girders
Nozzles
Shell Manways
Clean-out doors
Internals
Structural
supports
Internal pipe
supports
Other
attachments
Roof to CA
Roof to CR
Fillet of roof
Roof plate
Nozzles
Manways
Pipe & supports
To shell
Stairways
Welds within
To shell
Platforms To roof
Welds within
Center Drum Weld within
Roof Structure Weld within
Internal To shell/BP
supports
Internals Welds within
Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:

Page 54 of 54
01
NDT REQUEST QC-ME-IF-046-00 Rev:00

TIV
Tank Name: Contractor: Energy Date:
Co.
Request of: RT PT VB VE
UT MT OTHER:
Thk.(mm)/ Remark
Item SUBJECT Location Weld No. Welder Code Material
Dia.(in.) s
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Name: Name: Name:
Date: Date: Date:

NDT Procedure For Storage Tank: Interconnecting Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN Petrochemical Complex - Stage 1

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NDT Procedure For Storage Tank: Interconnecting Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN Petrochemical Complex - Stage 1

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Interconnecting Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN

Petrochemical Complex - Stage 1

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

01 11-Jun-2022 Issued for Approval H. Akbari H. Akbari M.Goharshenas H.Mousakhni

00 23-Feb-2022 Issued for comment F. Nazari Sh. Rahimi M.Goharshenas H.Mousakhni

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

6- PENETRATION OIL Test........................................................................... 20

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

11-6- RESULTS .................................................................................................... 41

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

PROJECT: Interconnecting Utilities and Offsite of MOKRAN

OWNER: Mokran Abniroo "MAN".

SHALL / MUST: Are used where a provision is mandatory.

MTO: Material Tack off

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

PQR: Procedure Qualification Record

MAN-TSC-6001-DD-PI-SPC-0001 Job Specification for Welding

MAN-TSC-6001-DD-QC-PRC-0004 Procedure for welder & NDE operator qualification

3- Radiographic Testing (RT)

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

3-4- RADIOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

inaccessible to inside, will be radio graphed by DWSI technique, in which the

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

3-5- I.Q.I Sensitivity

The Sensitivity shall be maximum %2 of the specimen thickness.

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

(according to T-285 ASME Sec. V, Art. 2):

3-8- QUALITY (As Per ASME Sec. V -T 281)

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

surface openings or otherwise interfere with the examination.

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

blowing with clean materials or by using circulating air, provided the

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

an excessive background making interpretation difficult. Adequate illumination

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

7-1- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

7-2- Test Pressure and Methodology

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

(Arrangement for reinforcement pad testing)

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

The area under test is acceptable when no continuous bubble formation is

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

8- Visual Examination (VE)

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

The QC welding engineer is responsible to ensure that the sequence is correctly

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

Plate thickness Maximum reinforcement thickness (inch)

The reinforcement need not be removed except to the extent that it

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

A weld shall be acceptable by visual inspection of the inspection show

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank

horizontal weld joints shall be determined using a vertical sweep board

NDT Procedure for Storage Tank