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MAPEH (Health)
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Community and
Environmental Health:
Nature of Environmental Issues
MAPEH (Health) - Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Community and Environmental Health: Nature of Environmental
Issues
First Edition, 2020

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been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective
copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

OIC-Schools Division Superintendent: Carleen S. Sedilla CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Brian E. Ilan EdD

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Maria Cristina U. Asis
Editor: Myrna T. Parakikay
Reviewers: Estrella Silvano and Aristeo S. Rodanilla
Layout Artist: Gloria B. Samulde
Management Team: Angelita S. Jalimao
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Neil Vincent C. Sandoval

Education Program Supervisor, LRMS

Myrna T. Parakikay
Education Program Supervisor, MAPEH

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support of the City Government of Makati (Local School Board)

Department of Education – Schools Division Office of Makati City

Office Address: Gov. Noble St., Brgy. Guadalupe Nuevo

City of Makati, Metropolitan Manila, Philippines 1212
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E-mail Address: makati.city@deped.gov.ph

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 What I Need to Know

This module was written and designed to make learning easier especially as we are in
the New Normal situation. As an educational tool, this module about the Community
and Environmental Health: Nature of Environmental Issues challenges you as a
learner, to become creative, resourceful and independent. The scope of the module
provides a variety of activities that will stimulate independent and self-guided learning
experience. Lessons in this module are arranged to follow the standard sequence of
the course to ensure effective learning continuity, make the experience more
meaningful, effective and relevant to life situations.

This module includes lessons and activities on:

• Nature of Environmental Issues
• Environmental Issues
• Environmental Laws
• Discussions and activities about the lesson

After going through this module, the learners are expected to:

1. describes the environmental problems in the Philippines;

2. identifies the most pressing environmental problems in the Philippines; and

What I Know
Memo Finder!
Match the 6 environmental problems on the description given. Write your answer on
the space provided.
Deforestation Flash Floods Soil Erosion
Oil Spill Pollution Illegal Mining
the introduction the displacement of the the clearing or thinning
of harmful materials upper layer of soil of forest by humans
into the environment.
___________________ _____________________ ____________________
a local flood of short activity that is Contamination of
duration generally undertaken without state seawater due to an oil
resulting from heavy permission, in particular pour, as a result of an
rainfall in the in absence of land rights, accident or human error
immediate vicinity mining licenses,
and exploration or
mineral transportation
__________________ permit _____________________
______________________

Guiding Questions:

1. What should we do to increase the awareness about environmental issues?

_________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Which problem should be given utmost priority? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

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3. What is the solution to these environmental problems?
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. How can a student like you help reduce these environmental problems?
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Community and
Lesson Environmental
1 Health: Nature of
Environmental Issues
Environment is a place where all living and non-living things exists naturally. It’s
everything that makes up our surroundings complete and comfortable place to live–in.
The deterioration of environment came from the certain practices that human being
does resulting to danger in animals, plants, soil, water and other living and non-living
things.

You will learn about the environment and some environmental problems in the
Philippines.

What’s In
Trash Mixed –Up
Classify the following items on what trash bin do they belong. Write your answers in
the trash bin.

ttps://images.app.goo.gl/TgZoXowFUnbZwDKE7

KINDS OF SOLID WASTE EXAMPLES OF WASTE WAYS OF DISPOSAL

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 What’s New

Sing and listen to this beautiful environmental song. Analyze the words of the song
and answer the reflection questions given at the next page.
Karaniwang Tao
By: Joey Ayala

Ako po'y karaniwang tao lamang Karaniwang tao, anong magagawa

Kayod-kabayo, 'yan ang alam
Karaniwang hanap-buhay
Karaniwan ang problema
Pagkain, damit at tirahan
'Di ko kabisado 'yang siyensiya
Ako'y nalilito sa maraming salita
Alam ko lang na itong planeta'y
Walang kapalit at dapat ingatan
Kapag nasira, sino ang kawawa
CHORUS
Karaniwang tao, saan ka tatakbo
Kapag nawasak iisang mundo
engineer-planet
Upang bantayan ang kalikasan
Karaniwang bagay ay 'di pansin
Kapag naipon ay nagiging suliranin
Kaunting basura ngayo'y bundok
Kotseng sira ay umuusok
Sabong panlaba'y pumapatay sa ilog
May lason na galing sa industriya
Ibinubuga ng mga pabrika
keu
Ngunit 'di lamang higante
seof Ang nagkakalat ng dumi
.co May kinalaman din ang tulad natin
m/t
ag/ Karaniwang tao [4x]
can- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jRGcACdKMM

fGuide Questions:
1. What is the message of the song?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. According to the song, what are the activities of man that destroy our earth?
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What does the song want you to do to protect our earth?
______________________________________________________________________________

What is It

Environmental Problems in the Philippines

DEFORESTATION- is the destruction of big

areas of forests. Remaining forests of Mt.
Banoi in Lobo, Batangas, are under threat
from large-scale mining. The Philippines is
among the countries with the fastest loss of
forest cover around the world. It ranks 4th
among the world’s top 10 most threatened
forest hotspots.
If the 157,400 hectares per year rate of
deforestation continues, our remaining
forest cover will be wiped out in less than 40
years.
The area lost to deforestation every year is
twice the land area of Metro Manila

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 FLASH FLOOD – is a sudden flood of great volume,
usually caused by a heavy rain.
Aerial view of the damage by Typhoon Sendong to
Cagayan de Oro. (Youtube/Manila Bulletin) caused by
massive flooding, flash floods and landslides due to
Illegal logging with the total Fatalities of 1,472.

ILLEGAL MINING is defined as the

extraction of valuable minerals or other
geological materials from the earth from an
ore body, lode, vein, seam, or reef, which
forms the mineralized package of economic
interest to the miner in the absence of land
rights, mining license, exploration or
mineral transportation permit or of any
document that could legitimate the on-going
operations.

The Mining Act of 1995 aimed to help the domestic mining industry regain its
competitiveness by allowing companies (contractors) to obtain an exploration permit
for a specific area for up to four years.
http://www.mgb.gov.ph/attachments/article/742/Nickel%20leads%20in%20H1%202019.pdf

Philippine metallic mineral production value grew by 9.41% H1 2019 from PhP55.99
billion in H1 2018 to PhP61.26 billion, a PhP5.27 billion rises.

SOIL EROSION happens when soil and

rock are moved from one place to another
by wind, water, and gravity.
Causes of Soil Erosion:
❖ Deforestation
❖ Building of Roads
❖ Agriculture
❖ Urbanization
❖ Mining
❖ From oil tankers with equipment
faults
❖ From nature and human activities
on land
Soil erosion, Philippines. Photo © Henrylito Tacio
❖ From water sports
❖ From drilling works carried out in the sea

CORAL REEF DEGRADATION - is a significant problem throughout the world.

Dead corals litter a beach in Bolinao,
Philippines. Global warming—which
causes ocean acidification and contributes
to coral bleaching—is compounding the
threats posed by destructive fishing
techniques, coastal development, forest
destruction, and aquaculture. These
stresses are putting hundreds of coral and
fish species and millions of people
dependent on Filipino reefs at risk.
The coral reefs of the Philippines are the second largest in Southeast Asia, which
covers 10,000 square miles (26,000 square Kilometer)

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 ❖ Nearly two fifths of Southeast Asia’s coral reefs have already been destroyed.
❖ There are only 10 percent of Philippine reefs are considered healthy or very
healthy.

Coral Reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals.

Types of Coral reef formations
1. Fringing reef, also called a shore reef, is directly
attached to a shore, or borders it with an intervening
narrow, shallow channel, or lagoon.

2. Barrier reefs are separated from a mainland or

island shore by a deep channel or lagoon.

3. Platform reefs, variously called bank or table reefs,

can form on the continental shelf, as well as in the
open ocean, in fact anywhere where the seabed rises
close enough to the surface of the ocean to enable the
growth of zoo anthemic, reef-forming corals.
POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical, and biological properties
of water, air and /or land resources.
AIR POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical, and biological
properties of the atmospheric air.
WATER POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical, biological
properties of the body of water resulting in the impairment of its purity or quality.
NOISE POLLUTION is the excessive sound that causes hearing loss, stress, fatigue,
irritability, tension, headaches, and high blood pressure.
SOIL POLLUTION is chiefly caused by chemicals in pesticides, such as poisons that
are used to kill agricultural pests like insects and herbicides that are used to get rid of
weeds.
Soil pollution results from:
❖ Unhealthy methods of soil management
❖ Harmful irrigation methods

EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

Environmental EFFECTS
Problems
Deforestration Soil erosion landslides
Greenhouse effect Denuded upland
Silting of rivers and dams
Degraded watershed
Flooding
Destruction of corals along the coast
Flash Floods Causes od diseases such as Cholera and other water
borne diseases
Loss of Life
Contamination of dringking water
Destruction of Sewage System
Destruction of dams and levees
Soil Erosion Unproductive use of farmland
Difficulty in rising of livestocks
Silting of artificial lakes
Loss of soil and vegetation which causes climate
changes
Oil Spill Suffocation of marine mammals
Death of trees from oil in roots

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 Coral Reef Degradation Loss of edible reef fish
Reduction of species diversity and richness
Alteration in the size structure of target species
Illegal Mining Water poisoning of all the living things in it
Destruction of beautiful coral reefs
Bareness of land

What’s More
Identify what environmental problem is in the picture. Then tell its causes, effects and
solutions to solve the problem. Write your answer below the picture.

What I Have learned

It is time for you to share what you have learned. Complete the sentences at the next
page.
• I learned that environment is
__________________________________________________________________________
• I learned that the best way to help is
__________________________________________________________________________
• I have a realized that
____________________________________________________________________ ______

What I Can Do

In your goal ladder, write 5 environmental problems that you think have the
great effect on you. A problem that you think should be given the priority.
Ranking from step 1-5. Write your answer on the box.

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Processing Questions:
1. Why did you choose that problems?
_________________________________________________________________________________

2. Explain why you chose to rank your answer as such.

_________________________________________________________________________________

3. What is one environmental problem that is important to you and why?

_________________________________________________________________________________

4. What can you do about the problem?

_________________________________________________________________________________

Assessment

Directions: Read and analyze the following questions carefully. Encircle the letter of
your answer.

1. What harmful substances that releases excessive number of fumes and tire rubber
such as jeepney and factory into the air?
a. Noise Pollution c. Mutagenic Pollution
b. Air Pollution d. Water Pollution
2. Which of the following problems is a leading cause of environmental destruction?
a. deforestation b. oil spill c. illegal mining d. soil erosion
3. What environmental problem reduces the ability of soil to store water and support
plant growth?
a. deforestation b. oil spill c. illegal mining d. soil erosion
4. Which is not an effect of climate change?
a. Dead trees from oil spillage
b. More health-related illness and disease
c. Increased risk of drought, fire, and floods
d. Economic losses
5. Which of the following environmental problems causes climate change?
a. deforestation b. oil spill c. flashfloods d. pollution
6. Which of the following can be reduce by soil Pollution?
a. biological manures c. using bio fertilizer
b. biological control d. all the above
7. Which of the following statements is false?
a. Environmental education increases public awareness and knowledge.
b. Environmental education educates a particular viewpoint.
c. Environmental education teaches individual’s critical thinking skills.
d. Environmental education enhances an individual’s problem solving and
decision-making skills.
8. What is the cause of air pollution?
a. global Warming c. respiratory problems
b. soil erosion d. none of these

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9. Is the coral a plant?
a. true b. false c. maybe d. uncertain
10. Which of the following is not under mobile sources of air pollution?
a. Jeepneys b. hotel c. taxi d. trucks
11. Which policy and program governing the air quality management in the
Philippines
a. R.A. 9275 b. R.A. 6969 c. R.A. 8749 d. R.A 9003
12. What is needed to secure from DENR the permission to throw wastewater to the
nearby bodies of water?
a. permit to operate c. working permit
b. environmental permit d. discharge permit
13. Which of the following is a cause of soil erosion?
a. air pollution c. forestry
b. low organic matter d. resin
14. Which of the following is not a type of coral reef?
a. fringing reef b. atolls c. barrier reefs d. crustacean
15. What is the cause of acid mine drainage?
a. water pollution b. subsidence c. erosion d. air pollution

Additional Activities

“Paint Me a Picture”
Make an educational poster about raising public awareness on how to protect our
environment. Use the rubric below as your guide, then answer the guide questions.

Rubric:

4 - Very
Criteria 5-Excellent 3-Good 2-Fair 1-Poor
Good
Creativity
Neatness of Work
Message
Interpretation

Guide Questions:

1. What poster did you paint to raise awareness in protecting our environment?
_____________________________________________________________________

2. How can you help in protecting our environment from exploitation?

_____________________________________________________________________