Genevieve Daclan May 28, 2022

BSME 3-2 ME 3216L

Experiment No. 06
Charpy Impact Test

I. Objective: Determine the impact strength of a given specimen.

II. Apparatus: Pendulum Type Impact Testing Machine, and Vernier Caliper

Vernier Calliper

Pendulum Type Impact Testing Machine

III. Material: Mild Steel

IV. Procedure:

1. The angle of the sledge hammer should be fixed depending on how much
angle of rise is required for the test.
2. Replace the needed hammer, in this example a ball pin hammer, on the
sledge's head.
3. Place the item horizontally on the equipment's platform, with the notch
towards the hammer's opposite side.
4. Increase the arm value of the equipment's meter to its maximum value.
5. Remove the striking hammer's safety lock as soon as the item is in place.
6. Then swiftly release the striking hammer's lever.
7. Read the value as soon as it appears on the piece.

V. Data Gathering and Analysis:

Given Parameters:
Length of Pendulum, R= 0.825m or 825mm
Angle of Drop, α= 140°
Weight of Pendulum, w = 20.87 kg
𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑑
𝐼𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑐ℎ , 𝐽/𝑚𝑚2

6𝐽
= 50𝑚𝑚2 = 0.12 𝐽/𝑚𝑚2

𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑑 = 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔

= 6𝐽 − 0𝐽 = 6 𝐽
𝐼𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦, 𝑈 = 𝑤𝑅(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼)
6
(20.87𝑘𝑔)(825𝑚𝑚)
+ 𝑐𝑜𝑠140 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽

𝛽 = 139.96°

Where: β = Angle of rise

α = Angle of drop

𝐼𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦, 𝑉 = √2𝑔𝑅 (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼) , 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐

 𝑚
= √2(9.81 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 )(0.825𝑚)(1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠140)

= 5.35 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐
Where: 𝑔 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 9.81 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐 2

Type of Angle of Initial Final Energy Impact Angle of Rise Impact

Test Drop Reading Reading Absorbed Strength Velocity
J J J 𝐽/𝑚𝑚2 m/sec
CHARPY 140° 0 6 𝐽 6 𝐽 0.12 139.96° 5.346 𝑚
𝐽/𝑚𝑚2 /𝑠𝑒𝑐

VI. Observation:
According to the observation, when the hammer strikes the materials, the
equipment reads a given amount of energy into the meter, which is equivalent to
2 Joules of energy in each gradient. You should test the equipment to see if it is
working before taking the reading. When you set the meter to its maximum value
and quickly release the safety lock, the meter should read into the 0th gradient.
The material registers a value of 6 joules as soon as the striking hammer strikes
it, and it breaks into two pieces, as expected, with the meter remaining motionless
in the second swing. The Charpy test, unlike the Izod test, has the notch facing the
ball pin hammer, making the item much easier to shatter.

VII. Conclusion:
As a result, it is concluded that the material, Mild steel, absorbs 6 joules of
energy when the striking hammer strikes the piece's back part, where the U-notch
is present and is horizontally placed. The material is transparent, however it is not
particularly durable, as it breaks in half as soon as the hammer is dropped.
Furthermore, because the notch is situated opposite the hammer, the test is more
accurate than the Izod test, requiring only a modest amount of energy to split the
piece into two parts.