Enviromental Bioengineer

M Sc. Ivon Andrea Bolaños Martinez

 INTRODUCTION ENVIROMETAL
BIOENGINEER
Is the solving of environmental problems
through the application of the bioengineer.
1. Treatment and Disposal of Biosolids
2. Ultrasound Pretreatment of Sludge for Anaerobic Digestion
3. Solubilization of Sewage Sludge to Improve Anaerobic Digestion
4. Applications of Composted Solid Wastes for Farmland Amendment and Nutrient Balance in
Soils
5. Biotreatment of Sludge and Reuse
6. Kitchen Refuse Fermentation
7. Heavy Metal Removal by Crops from Land Application of Sludge
8. Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils and Water Using Vetiver Grass
9. Bioremediation
10. Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
11. Modeling of Biosorption Processes
12. Heavy Metal Removal by Microbial Biosorbents
13. Simultaneous Removal of Carbon and Nitrogen from Domestic Wastewater in an Aerobic
RBC
14. Anaerobic Treatment of Low-Strength Wastewater by a Biofilm Reactor
15. Biological Phosphorus Removal Processes
16. Total Treatment of Black and Grey Water for Rural Communities
17. Anaerobic Treatment of Milk Processing Wastewater
18. Biological Wastewater Treatment of Nutrient-Deficient Tomato-Processing and Bean-
Processing Wastewater
19. Animal Glue Production from Skin Wastes
20. An Integrated Biotechnological Process for Fungal Biomass Protein Production and
Wastewater Reclamation
21. Algae Harvest Energy Conversion
22. Living Machines
23. Global Perspective of Anaerobic Treatment of Industrial Wastewater
ENVIRONMENT?
 APPLICATIONS ENVIROMENTAL
BIOENGINEER
• BIOREMEDIACION
• BIOSENSORES
• BIOFULS
BIOREMEDIATION
Bioremediation is defined
as any process that uses
microorganisms, fungi,
plants or the enzymes
derived from them to return
to an environment altered
by contaminants to their
natural condition.
Microbiology
Woese (1993)
 General Characteristics

 Prokaryotes no nucleus and organelles

 Eukaryotes membrane bound nucleus

and organelles

 Acellular agents genomes contain either

DNA or RNA
 Cell Types

Comparative cellular structures of microbes

 The Microbes
viruses protozoa

bacteria

bacteriophage

algae
cyanobacteria
spirochaetes

fungi
 Bacteria

Prokaryotes

Peptidoglycan cell walls

Binary fission

Ex: Escherichia coli

 Pseudomonas fluorescens
operon lux -luciferasa
Biosensors
 Archaea

Prokaryotes
Live in extreme environments
(extremophiles)
Include:
 Methanogens
 Extreme halophiles
 Extreme thermophiles
 Fungi

Eukaryotes

Chitin cell walls

Molds and mushrooms are QuickTime™ and a

multicellular TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

Yeasts are unicellular

Treatment of wastewater
 Protozoa

Eukaryotes

Mostly saprobes and commensals

May be motile by means of

pseudopod, cilia or flagella QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Treatment of wastewater
 Algae

Eukaryotes
Cellulose cell walls
Photosynthetic
QuickTime™ and a
Produce molecular oxygen and organic TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
compounds
Part of food chain
Treatment of wastewater
Production biodisel