PRESENT PERFECT

PASSIVE
 Past Simple
* Stated / Def inite time
Ex. :
Teddy bought a new bike on Saturday
(we know when)
* Finished action
Ex. : Teddy went shopping.
(He has already f inished shopping)
* Past action with no connection
to the present.
Ex. : Teddy lost his key.
(He has already found it)
Present Perfect
* Unstated / Indef inite time
Ex. :
Teddy has bought a new bike.
(we don’t know when)
* Unf inished action
Ex. : Teddy has gone shopping.
(He hasn’t f inished shopping yet)
* Past action connected to the
present and still true today.
Ex. : Teddy has lost his key.
(He hasn’t found it yet)
Past Simple
With the following adverbs :
yesterday
last Saturday, week, last
month, year, etc.
three years ago
when I was……………
in 1990 / in 2008 and 2010
(past date)
a specif ic time in the past
Present Perfect
With the following adverbs :
Ever / never / before / for / since /
How long / recently / lately / many
times / several times / a couple of
times / once / twice/ (no mention of
time) /so far/ today / this week,
month, year, morning etc.
an unspecif ic time in the past
 Present Perfect Active Present Perfect Passive
I I
You You
We We
They have They have
A&B A&B been
Plural worked Plural arrested +/ -
gone slapped by agent
Ani Ani
He Contracted form : He Contracted form :
She I’ve, You’ve, She I’ve, You’ve,
has has
It We’ve, They’ve, It We’ve, They’ve,
He’s, She’s, It’s been
Sing. S Sing. S He’s, She’s, It’s

Subject + have +
Past Past
Participle (verb 3) Subject + have been + Participle (verb 3)
has has
 Present Perfect Passive

Active Voice Passive Voice

S + have/has + past participle (V3) S (direct object) + have/has + been +

+ direct object past participle (V3) +/- by … (agent)

(+) He has prepared great slides for the (+) Great slides have been prepared for the
presentation. presentation.

(-) He hasn’t prepared great slides for the (-) Great slides haven’t been prepared for the
presentation. presentation.

(?) Has he prepared great slides for the (?) Have great slides been prepared for the
presentation? Presentation?

(?) What has he prepared great slides for (?) Whose great slides have been prepared for
the presentation? the presentation?
 Present Perfect Passive

Active Voice Passive Voice

S + have/has + past participle (V3) S (direct object) + have/has + been +

+ direct object past participle (V3) +/- by … (agent)

(+) Someone has used my credit card to (+) My credit card has been used to buy airline
buy airline tickets. tickets.

(-) Someone hasn’t used my credit card to (-) My credit card hasn’t been used to buy
buy airline tickets. airline tickets.

(?) Has someone used my credit card to (?) Has my credit card been used to buy airline
buy airline tickets? tickets?
(?) How many times has someone used (?) How long has my credit card been used to
my credit card to buy airline tickets? buy airline tickets?
 Present Perfect Passive
Active Voice
S + have/has + past participle (V3)
+ direct object
(+) They have frozen the bank accounts.
(-) They haven’t frozen the bank accounts.
(?) Have they frozen the bank accounts?
(?) Who has frozen the bank accounts?
Passive Voice
S (direct object) + have/has + been +
past participle (V3) +/- by (agent)
(+) The bank accounts have been frozen by
them.
(-) The bank accounts haven’t been frozen by
them.
(?) Have the bank accounts been frozen by
them ?
(?) Since when have the bank accounts been
frozen by them?
THE END