HEART RATE (beats/min)

AGE AWAKE ASLEEP

NEONATE (<28 d) 100- 205 90- 160
INFANT (1- 12 mos) 100- 190
TODDLER (1-2 y) 98- 140 80- 120
PRESCHOOL (3- 5 y) 80- 120 65- 100
SCHOOL-AGE (6- 11 y) 75- 118 58- 90
ADOLESCENT 60- 100 50- 90
(12- 15 y)
ADULTS 60- 100
RESPIRATORY RATE (breaths or cycles/min)
AGE NORMAL
INFANT (<1 y) 30- 53
TODDLER (1-2 y) 22- 37
PRESCHOOL (3- 5 y) 20- 28
SCHOOL-AGE (6- 11 y) 18- 25
ADOLESCENT (12- 15 y) 12- 20
ADULTS 12- 16

BLOOD PRESSURE (mmHg)

AGE SYSTOLIC DIASTOLIC SYSTOLIC
HYPOTENSION
BIRTH <1 kg 39- 59 16- 36 <40- 50
(12 h) 3 kg 60 - 76 31- 45 <50
NEONATE (96 h) 67- 84 35- 53 <60
INFANT (1- 12 mos) 72- 104 37- 56 <70
TODDLER (1-2 y) 86- 106 42- 63 <70 + (age in
PRESCHOOL (3- 5 y) 89- 112 46- 72 years x 2)
SCHOOL-AGE (6- 9 y) 97- 115 57- 76
PREADOLESCENT 102- 120 61- 80 <90
(10- 11 y)
ADOLESCENT (12- 15 y) 110- 131 64- 83
ADULTS 120/ 80
 TEMPERATURE (C)
METHOD NORMAL
RECTAL 36.6- 38.0
TYMPANIC 35.8- 38.0
ORAL 35.5- 37.5
AXILLARY 36.5- 37.5
*Ranges do not vary with age.

OXYGEN SATURATION (SpO2)

Normal: 95- 100%

SpO2 is lower in the immediate newborn

period. Beyond this period, a SpO2 of <90- 92%
may suggest a respiratory condition or cyanotic
heart disease.

ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS

BLOOD GAS NORMAL
PH 7.35- 7.45
PCO2 35- 45mmHg
HCO3 22- 26 mEq/L
OXYGEN SATURATION 95- 100%
(SaO2%)

ELECTROLYTES NORMAL VALUES

ELECTROLYTES NORMAL
SODIUM 135-145 mEq/ L
POTASSIUM 3.5- 5.0 mEq/ L
CHLORIDE 98- 106 mEq/ L
CALCIUM 8.5- 10.5 mg/ dL
PHOSPHORUS 2.5- 4.5 mg/ dL
MAGNESSIUM 1.8- 3.0 mg/ dL

NORMAL LABORATORY VALUES

 BLOOD NORMAL VALUE
COMPONENT
MALE FEMALE UNIT
RED BLOOD CELL 4.6- 6.0 4.0- 5.0 Million/ mm3
HEMOGLOBIN 13.5- 18 12- 15 g/dL
HEMATOCRIT 40- 54 36- 46 %
WHITE BLOOD CELL 4,500- 11, 000 / mm3
NEUTRPHILS 50- 70 %
LYMPHOCYTES 25- 35 %
MONOCYTES 4-6 %

COMMON MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

TIMES OF MEDICATION ROUTES OF MEDICATION
ac Before Meals PO By Mouth
pc After Meals IM Intramuscularly
qh Every Hour PR Per Rectum
od Once a Day SubQ Subcutaneously
bid Twice a Day SL Sublingual
tid Three times a Day ID Intradermal
q2h Every 2 hours GT Gastrostomy Tube
ad lib As Desired IV Intravenous
stat Immediately IVP Intravenous Push
prn As Needed IVPB Intravenous Piggyback
hs At Bedtime NG Nasogastric Tube

BASIC CONVERSIONS
EQUIVALENT EQUIVALENT
1 ml 1cc F = 9/5 (C) + 32
1 ounce (oz.) 30 ml C = 5/9 (F – 32)
1 cup 8 oz 1 oz 28 g
1 pint 2 cups 1 kg 2.2 lb.
1 tbsp. 3 tsp 1 kg 1000 g
1 fl. oz. 2 tbsp 1 mg .001 g
1 tsp 5 ml 1 mcg .001 mg
1 fl. oz. 30 ml 1 quart 4 cups
1 cup 240 ml 1 quart 2 pints
1L 1000 ml 1 gal 16 cups

NAEGELE’S RULE (EDD)

 GET THE LAST MENSTRUAL PERIOD
 FOR JANUARY- MARCH, ADD 7 DAYS AND
9 MONTHS ONLY
 FOR APRIL- DECEMBER, SUBTRACT 3
MONTHS, ADD 7 DAYS, AND ADD 1 YEAR
AGE OF GESTATION
 GET THE 1ST DAY OF LMP, AND CURRENT
DATE
 ADD ALL DAYS AND DIVIDE BY 7
 GP & GTPAL SCORING
20 WEEKS- AGE OF VIABILITY
GRAVIDA NUMBER OF PREGANANCIES INCLUDING
CURRENT PREGNANCY
PARA NUMBER OF COMPLETED PREGNANCIES
BEYOND 20 WEEKS GESTATION
TERM PREGANANCIES CARRIED FROM 37 WEEKS
AND UP
PRETERM PREGNANCIES CARRIED BETWEEN 20 TO 36
WEEKS
ABORTIO LOSES PRIOR TO 20 WEEKS
N
LIVING NUMBER OF LIVING CHILDREN