Dr.Methaq A.M.

Hussein
MRCP (LONDON),FRCP
(EDIN.),SCE
endocrine(london),F.I.B.M.S
Of medicine Professor

Hypermagnesemia refers to an
excess amount of magnesium in the
bloodstream. It is rare and is usually caused
.by renal failure or poor kidney function
CausesMost cases of hypermagnesemia occur in people who have
kidney failure..
Some treatments for chronic kidney disease, including proton pump inhibitors,
can increase the risk of
hypermagnesemia. .Other causes of
hypermagnesemia include: lithium therapy
hypothyroidism
Addison’s disease
milk-alkali syndrome
drugs containing magnesium,
such as some laxatives and antacidsf familial hypocalciuric
hypercalcemia

Symptoms
The symptoms of hypermagnesemia
include:nausea vomiting neurological
impairment
abnormally low blood pressure
(hypotension)
flushing headache Particularly high
levels of magnesium in the blood can lead
to heart problems, difficulty breathing, and
.shock. In severe cases, it can result in coma
Diagnosis.
Hypermagnesemia is diagnosed using a blood test.
The level of magnesium found in the blood indicates the
severity of the condition.A normal level of magnesium is
between 1.7 and 2.3 mg/dL. Anything above this and up to
around 7 mg/dL can cause mild symptoms, including flushing,
nausea, and headache.Magnesium levels between 7 and 12
mg/dL can impact the heart and lungs, and levels in the upper
end of this range may cause extreme fatigue and low blood
pressure.Levels above 12 mg/dL can lead to muscle paralysis
and hyperventilation. When levels are above 15.6 mg/dL, the
.condition may result in a coma

Treatment
The first step in treating hypermagnesemia
is identifying and stopping the source of extra
magnesium.
An intravenous (IV) calcium supply is then used to
reduce symptoms such as impaired breathing,
irregular heartbeat, and hypotension, as well as the
neurological impact.Intravenous calcium, diuretics,
may also be used to help the body get rid of excess
magnesium.People with renal dysfunction or those
who have had a severe magnesium overdose may
require dialysis if they are experiencing kidney
failure, or if magnesium levels are still rising after
.treatment