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16 Moving Charge and Matter
16 Moving Charge and Matter
Gangwar - ERDR 6
INDEX
Pole strength is proportional to area of face
+ + + /2
Gangwar - ERDR 7
INDEX
Magnetic field line
Direction is from North to south outside the magnet
Direction is from South to North inside the magnet
Tangent to the line will give direction of magnetic field
Two line can never intersect each other if they do then
then we will have to direction of magnetic field which
is not possible
They are closed loop
Magnetic field lines can do in and out at any angle
Uniform magnetic field is conservative
Non-uniform magnetic field is conservative
Time varying magnetic field is non-conservative
Gangwar - ERDR 8
INDEX
Bar magnet- Magnetic dipole moment
For bar magnet =
+
∝
Gangwar - ERDR 9
INDEX
′ 2
=
2
′=
=
+ −
2
= ′=
′= 2
2
2 2 2 ′=
Gangwar - ERDR 10
INDEX
Current carrying loop Magnetic dipole moment
•For current carrying loop
•Direction and magnitude
•Based on vector addition
•For N turns of current carrying loop
•For solenoid, toroid
Gangwar - ERDR 11
INDEX
Rotating charge Magnetic dipole moment
•For a charged rotating body (direction
and magnitude)
•Bohr magneton
•Quanta of magnetic moment
Gangwar - ERDR 12
INDEX
Similarity with electrostatics
Force between two magnetic pole Force
= , =
= =
Magnetic field
Magnetic pole
+ →
− →
Gangwar - ERDR 13
INDEX
Permittivity and permeability (define also)
1
= =
4 4
= = 10 (1 )
4
In medium In medium
1 1 = =
= = 4 4
4 4
→ → ≥0
≥1
Gangwar - ERDR 14
INDEX
Gauss law: Magnetic flux
. = = . = .
. =
Magnetic flux density
. = 0
Gangwar - ERDR 15
INDEX
Axial point filed due to bar magnet Field at any point due to dipole
2 2 tan
= = = 1 + 3cos tan =
2
tan
Equatorial point field due to bar magnet = 1 + 3cos tan =
2
− −
= =
= −2
Angle at which M and B are perpendicular
= −2
tan = 2
Gangwar - ERDR 16
INDEX
Force in external field Potential energy of bar magnet Torque in external field
= − . cos
= ×
= . = . = − . cos
= ×
•Constant field
−
=0
=0 = 180
•Force on one dipole due to another
1
∝
=2
Gangwar - ERDR 17
INDEX
=2
1⁄8
=2
2
1⁄2
1⁄2
=2
1⁄2
Gangwar - ERDR 18
INDEX
Both magnet are identical and have time period T find time
period of the combination
2
=2 2
2
Gangwar - ERDR 19
INDEX
Biot-savart law
⃗× ⃗
=
Direction from ⃗× ⃗
⃗ sin
=
Gangwar - ERDR 20
INDEX
Home-work
Similarity and difference with electric field
Gangwar - ERDR 21
INDEX
Ampere’s circuital law (incorrect in varying Electric filed)
Sign convention
. = If current and loop snecse are in
same direction then +ve
otherwise -ve
2 3 2
+ + +− + − +
+ −
Gangwar - ERDR 22
INDEX
.
Gangwar - ERDR 23
INDEX