CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

A. Rationalization Importance of CJR

Journals are articles which specifically contain or discuss articles in a field of

science. In scientific journals covering all fields of science such as linguistics, humanities,
natural sciences, social sciences and so on. The journal will contain a presentation of the
results of research or analysis conducted by the author.

In this section we will critique journals related to topics in the paper. The purpose
of doing journal criticism is as one of the useful scientific references to add insight into
writers and readers in knowing the strengths and weaknesses of a journal, consideration
material, as one of the guidelines in conducting a research or writing and so on. CJR is
very useful to practice the ability of individuals to be skilled in creating quality writing
without ignoring the rules contained there in.

B. The Purpose of CJR

Manufacture CJR (Critical Journal Review) aims to:

1. Fulfill 6 compulsory student assignments during semester 3 of the 2019 school year.
2. To increase knowledge about the readers of the journal entitled " The Profile of
Acehnese Variation : Sociolinguistic Analysis". So that readers know the science
contained in the journal through this CJR.
3. Improve students' CJR writing skills that are tailored to the CJR making guidelines.
4. Stimulate students to be able to improve critical thinking skills of scientific writing.

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C. Benefits CJR

1. Improve students' skills in writing CJR.

2. Familiarize students with following the correct rules of scientific writing.
3. Provide opportunities for students to look for detailed knowledge to be able to write a
good CJR.
4. Train students to be more careful in criticizing other people's journals.

D. Identity of The Journal Articles

1. Article Title
2. Name Journal
3. Edition Published
4. Author articles
5. Publisher
6. City Published
7. Number ISSN
8. Site Address
: The Profile of Acehnese Variation Sociolinguistic Analysis
: International Journal of Comparative Literature &
Translation Studies
: 6 No. 3 (2018)
: Denni Iskandar, Mhd. Pujiono, Iskandar Abdul Samad
: IJCLTS Mind of Excellence
: Sumatera Utara
: 2202-9451
: www.ijclts.aiac.org.au

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 CHAPTER II

SUMMARY CONTENT ARTICLES

A. Preliminary

The journal “The Profile of Acehnese Variation: Sociolinguistic Analysis”

described the variation in sociolinguistic of Acehnese in term of language spoken, usage,
formality as well a mean of communication. The reseacher used the language spoken,
reading a text and speaking to the speaker of Acehnese to identitify the sociolinguistic. The
result of this research, indicate the variations such as : idiolect, dialect, sociolect, acrolect,
basilect, and slang. And also there are four variations with three identified such as the
variety of literature, journalism and variety of scientific. In identified perspective of
language formality such as frozen variety, official variety, consultative variety, casual
variety, and familiar variety. And two variations of means of communication : wide variety
of oral and writing are both identified. This research found that the language of Acehnese
has been abandoned by speakers.

B. Description of Contents

The link between language and social situation of the community is The most
important thing in the concept of language variation. Research on language variations in
sociolinguistic reviews is very productive study done by foreign researchers in the form of
dissertations, theses, and journal articles among others. Based on a number of language
variation studies done by foreign and Indonesian researchers show that none of them has
examined the variation of the language of Aceh. Therefore, this piece of language research
is important to enrich the linguistic repertoire of the world.
The language of Aceh is one of the living and developing regional languages that is
incorporated in the Malayo-Polynesian branch of Austronesia. It is closely related to the
language of Cham, Roglai,Jarai, Radeand six other languages, including Malay and
Minangkabau. Therefore, this study is one of the efforts to maintain the existence of
Acehnese by identifying variations of the language of Aceh from various aspects of its

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variation. This study is very relevant because the language variations can describe the
existence of a language itself.
In terms of speakers, variations of the language of Aceh in this study are idiolect,
dialect, chronolect, and sociolect. In terms of usage, the variations of language studied are
literary variety, journalism, military, and scientific variety. In terms of formality, the
variations of the language studied are frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and familiar
variety. In terms of means, the variations of the identifiable language are verbal and
written.
Formatting in qualitative approach of Acehnese spoken as a main data and written
as supporting data is data for this study. Spoken data is from informant while written data
are from written text of Acehnese. The method used here is to listen the spoken
(Sudaryanto, 2015). Listening method is used by tapping technique, listening, free
conversation and filling questionnaire to informant. While conversation method applied
interview recording technique. To complete data gathering, the researcher also applied
method of imitations as the researcher himself is the speaker of Acehnese. Then data were
analyzed using qualitative technique.
Variations of Speaker’s Facets : (1) Idiolect, is a variation of individual language.
According to the concept of idiolect, everyone has a variation of their respective languages
or idols. The result of the observation on 10 respondents shows that it can be identified of
the individual characteristic or idiolect of someone when he speaks Acehnese. In other
words, the use of the Acehnese will also generate idiolect. From 10 respondents of
Acehnese speakers who observed 10 idiolects with their own characteristics. These idiolect
variations are related to the sound color, word choice, style, sentence construction and so
on. (2) Dialects, are the language variations of a relative number of speakers, located in a
place, region or area. The results also show that of 10 respondents who observed as identi-
fied speakers of various dialects. The following are examples of data showing dialects in
the Aceh language. (3) Chronolect or temporal dialect is a variation of the language used
by social groups at certain situational context. Interviews with respondents show that
Acehnese does not know chronolect. We do not know chronolect in Acehnese without
further study conducted. (4) Sociolect or social dialect is a variation of language relating to
the status, class and social class of the speakers. Education of the respondents also
acknowledged the variation. Apart from gender differences, jobs status also contributed to
variations in the language they use in every day communication. Social economy is another

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variable that showing difference variations over the language used between the poor and
the rich. (5) Acrolectal is a social variation that is considered higher or more prestigious
than other social variations. the Acehnese language dialects of Peusangan region is much
smoother and pleasing to hear than any other dialects of Acehnese of Great and West Aceh
regions. (6) Basilect is a social variation that is considered less prestigious, or seen as low.
In Aceh, as answered of the respondents showed that the language used by residents in
coastal fishermen can be identified as the example of basilect. (7) Slang is a special and
secret social language variation. Based on the data of the respondents revealed that in Aceh
there is a slang language called the Acehnese ‘meubalek (reversed). ‘MeuBalek’ is used by
certain speakers for very limited context as no other people can understand it. Uniquely,
this language has two meanings.
Language Variation in Terms of Usage : (a) Variety of literature usually
emphasizes on the use of language in terms of aesthetics have the characteristics of eu-
phony in the most appropriate expression. modern literary works such as new poetry and
prose in the language of Aceh are also found although not productive. (b) Variety of
journalistic language also has certain characteristics, that is simple, communicative, and
concise. One of the Aceh language programs that still exist in the media is news in the
local broadcast of Radio Republic of Indonesia, Banda Aceh. (c) The variety of military
language is known by its concise and decisive character. In Acehnese language is not
familiar with the military language of Aceh because it is the official language in the
military in Aceh is the Indonesian language. (d) The variety of scientific language is
known by its straightforward, clear, and free character of ambiguity and all kinds of
metaphors and idioms. The Acehnese, unproductive scientific variety is done because
generally scholarly activity in Aceh uses Indonesian language.
Language Variation from the aspect of Formality : (a) The frozen variety is the
most formal variation of the language, used in solemn and formal ceremonies. variance
frozen in Aceh is relatively still to be found on the consent of weddings, especially wed-
dings performed in the countryside. (b) The official or formal variety is the variation of the
language used in the state speeches, official meetings, official correspondence, and so on.
There were also officials who used the Acehnese language to give a speech at an event,
especially at events that were mostly listeners of Acehnese speakers. (c) Consultative or
business variety is a variation of the language commonly used in ordinary talk in schools,
meetings, etc. In the Acehnese context. this consultative variety is the language commonly

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used by people in informal situations. (d) Casual or casual variety is a variation of the
language used in unofficial situations to talk to family or close friends during rest, exercise,
recreation, shopping in the market and so on. In the Aceh language, this casual variety is
similar to the language of the Indonesian. (e) The familiar or intimate variety is the usual
variation of the language used by speakers whose relationships are familiar such as
between family members or close friends. In Acehnese this variety is usually used in peer
conversations.
Variations of Facets of Facility, Language variations can also be viewed in terms
of means or pathways used. The results of this study show that the language of Aceh has a
variety of spoken and written variety. Acehnese linguists have also formulated the spelling
and writing rules in the Acehnese language.

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 CHAPTER III
DISCUSSION / ANALYSIS

A. Discussion on Contents Journal

1. Evaluation of learning outcomes are reviewed according to the article is to include a
proof of the results of research conducted of Acehnese Variation. From the result, it
found that the presence of variation in the Acehnese reflects on the cultural diversity
and social structure of the Acehnese who also affirm that language and social structure
influence each other. From the use of varied languages, it can be seen that there is a
relationship between certain social structures and the way in which people use the
language. The variations of the language of Aceh in this study are idiolect, dialect,
chronolect, and sociolect. In terms of usage, the variations of language studied are lit-
erary variety, journalism, military, and scientific variety. In terms of formality, the
variations of the language studied are frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and familiar
variety. In terms of means, the variations of the identifiable language are verbal and
written.
Meanwhile, in the journal “Language, Dialect And Register In A Sociolinguistic
Perspective” focuses on the social aspects of language use in real life speech situation.
There are three main points to discuss: language, dialects and register. Languages
which are used as medium of communication have many varieties. These language
variations are created by the ex-istence of social stratification in the com-munity.
Social stratification will determine the form of language use by the speakers who
involve in the interaction. The language variation can be in the form of dialects and
register.
Based on some opinion of the results of research conducted above it can be concluded that
the variation of Acehnese presence of variation in the Acehnese reflects on the cultural
diversity and social structure of the Acehnese. With the difference comes idiolect,
dialect, chronolect, and sociolect. This enriches language and especially
sociolinguistics in the Acehnese.

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2. The characteristics of the first journal is focused on Acehnese variation. There are
idiolect, dialect, chronolect, and sociolect. In terms of usage, the variations of language
studied are literary variety, journalism, military, and scientific variety. In terms of
formality, the variations of the language studied are frozen, formal, consultative,
casual, and familiar variety.
In the second journal focuses on discusses the use of language; dia-lects; language
variation; social stratifications and register. This discussion talks about the five types of
those topics because they are really problematic sort of things, which relate to the
social life of the local people. In relation to this, the most important point is to
distinguish the terms from one to another. There are three main points to discuss:
language, dialects and register. Languages which are used as medium of
communication have many varieties.

B. Advantages and Disadvantages of Contents Journal Articles

1. From the aspect of the scope of the content of the article:
 The advantages of the journal in introduction part its good written. Use clear and
effective sentences. Not too little and long. So the readers can understand the
explanation in the introduction well. Coupled with the opinions of experts who are
able to convince readers to acknowledge the writing in the journal. As well as an
explanation of the variation in Acehnese which in each part is explaned in a
straighforward manner : write the meaning of each term in journal then write down
the results of research found in Acehnese. And also writing a few tables that are
useful to help readers see the analysis of data found from research conducted by the
author.
 The disadvanteges of the journal, it was not explained to anyone who conducted
research on Acehnese variations and did not include the initials of the names of
people used as research samples and the time period of the research carried out.
Otherwise it is not explained in outline who often slangs of Acehnese. So that the
contents of the article become incomplete and less valid.
2. From the aspect of grammar that article:
 The advantages of aspects of the grammar used in a journal that is using the
corresponding rules of writing abstracts contain objectives, the research methods
used, and the results of research. In the Introduction described clearly and

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 efficiently loading the purpose of writing journals and coupled with some of the
opinions of experts which reinforce basic journal writing. In the discussion,
mencantukan data analysis is complete and in order. Furthermore, on the
conclusion, provide the core of the discussion in the journal summary brief, concise
and clear that the subject of the research journal load carried. And in the
bibliography, writing the rules of writing a bibliography starting from the name,
year, title of the book / journal, publisher, city of publisher.
In the journal also use A4 paper, with page number 11 are still in the category can
be used in accordance with the maximum number of journal pages to 12 pages,
using 1.5 spacing in accordance with the rules of writing journals.
 Shortage of journals in the grammar aspect is that there are in the table 1 (one) all
letters do not start with an uppercase letter. In table 2 (two) there is one line that
starts with capital letter but other does not. In table 4 (four) do not begin with
capital letters in the new poetry and mean sections. In table 11(eleven) part B does
not start with capital letter.

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 CHAPTER IV

CLOSING

A. Conclusion

Variation in the Acehnese reflects on the cultural diversity and social structure of
the Acehnese who also affirm that language and social structure influence each other. From
the use of varied languages, it can be seen that there is a relationship between certain social
structures and the way in which people use the language. The variations of the language of
Aceh in this study are idiolect, dialect, chronolect, and sociolect. In terms of usage, the
variations of language studied are literary variety, journalism, military, and scientific
variety. In terms of formality, the variations of the language studied are frozen, formal,
consultative, casual, and familiar variety.

B. Recommendation

After learning about Acehnese variation as well as related matters such as idiolect,
dialect, chronolect, and sociolect and others, It is hoped that can be realized that variations
in Acehnese of sociolinguistic are born from cultural diversity and social structure. So that
the difference is able to sensitize every human being to the uniqueness of the difference
and able to foster a sense of solidarity and efforts to continue to preserve it.

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