BUILDING LAW

Trends Building Permit Fees

- prescriptive laws - 20%  OBO operation, national
- min, max - 80%  AGDB  general funds, local
- performance-based laws
- ideal, non-ideal Building Fees Exemption
- public buildings
- indigenous dwelling
PD 1096 (2005 IRR) - materials: native materials
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PH - cost < P15,000
1979 January 1
IRR published 2005 April 1, 8, 15 Administrative Fines
IRR effective 2005 May 1 Light Failure to post building permit sign P5,000
violations Failure to provide safety measures
Failure to post certificate of occupancy
Less grave Non-compliance with stoppage order for P8,000
RULE I: GENERAL PROVISIONS violations alteration/ addition/ conversion/ repair
Use without certificate of occupancy
Construction All on-site work Grave Unauthorized change in plans, specs P10,000
Erection Installation in place violations Unauthorized change in type of construction
Addition Adds height/area to existing building Non-compliance to order to demolish
Alteration Alters material, partition, opening, utility, equipment Non-compliance with stoppage order for
Renovation Improves value, utility, aesthetics construction/ demolition
Conversion Converts use or occupancy Change in existing use without certificate of
Repair Repair damages change of occupancy
Moving Transfer of building/parts Excavation open without work for 120 days
Demolition Systematic dismantling
Surcharge
Excavation for foundation 10% of building permit fee
Construction of foundation 15% of building permit fee
Construction of superstructure 50% of building permit fee
RULE II: ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT < 2m above grade
Construction of superstructure 100% of building permit fee
Powers and Functions > 2m above grade
DPWH Make plans, policies based on PD1096 Failure to pay annual inspection fee 25% of inspection fee
Rogelio Issue BO guidelines < 30 days from date
Singson, IE Prescribe fees
Appoint BO Penal Provision
NBCDO DPWH technical staff - P20,000
Assist secretary in administration of PD1096 - 2 years imprisonment
Review technical and legal problems
Conduct workshops
OBO Enforce PD1096 Dangerous Buildings
BO Enforce PD1096 - structural hazard
Have administrative control over works in area - fire hazard (RA 9514)
Process permits, certificates - unsafe electrical wiring
Undertake annual inspection - unsafe mechanical installation
Motu proprio  non-issuance, stoppage,
- inadequate sanitation/plumbing/health facilities
discontinuance, declaration as dangerous, fines
Quarterly situational report to NBCDO  DPWH - architectural deficiency

BO Qualifications Abatement
- Filipino citizen Owner vacates/repairs 15 days from written notice
- licensed architect or engineer Owner appeals 15 days
BO renders final decision 15 days
- 5 year accreditation in good standing
Representative submits re-inspection 30 days from re-inspection
- 5 year experience report date
- workshop Owner reimburse OBO for demolition 30 days

OBO Divisions
- land use zoning
- line and grade/geodetic
- architectural/accessibility
- civil/structural
- electrical
- mechanical
- sanitary
- plumbing
- electronics

BUILDING LAWS 1
RULE III: PERMITS AND INSPECTIONS Certificate of Occupancy
- within 30 days after final inspection
Building Permit Exemptions
Minor work Shed, outhouse, greenhouse, Area < 6sqm Certificate of Occupancy Requirements
playhouse, aviary, etc - certificate of completion
Open terrace, patio on ground Area < 20 sqm - logbook
Window grilles
- building inspection sheet
Garden pools for plants/fish Depth < 500mm
Garden walls Height < 1.2m - signed as-built plans, specs
Footpath cementing
Repair Not affecting structural members RULES IV: TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
Non load-bearing walls
Interiors not addition/alteration Construction Exterior Interior wall, Frame
Doors and windows wall floor, roof
Flooring I Wood - - -
Perimeter fence and walls II Wood with protective fire- 1-hour 1-hour 1-hour
Plumbing fixture resistant materials
1-hour fire-resistive throughout
Building Permit III Masonry and wood 1-hour 1-hour 1-hour
Ancillary Architectural Incombustible construction for
Permits Civil/structural exterior walls
1-hour fire-resistive throughout
Electrical
IV Steel, iron, concrete, masonry 4-hour 1-hour 2-hour
Mechanical
Incombustible construction for
Sanitary
walls, ceilings
Plumbing 1-hour fire-resistive throughout
Electronics V Structural elements of steel, 4-hour 3-hour 3-hour
Accessory Special functions: iron, concrete, masonry
Permits Vault, pool, silo, tomb, etc 4-hour fire-resistive throughout
Work done prior to building permit issuance:
Ground preparation, excavation, fencing, demolition
Tunnel Test
- not applicable to materials < 1mm thick
Building Permit Requirements
- flame-spread < 50
- application form
- for owners
RULE V: REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE ZONES
- TCT
- tax declaration
Exemptions on Existing Buildings
- real property tax receipt
- entirely demolished
- for non-owners
- moved outside restrictive fire zone
- contract of lease, or deed of absolute sale
- value of work < 20% cost within 12 months
- 5 sets of survey plans, design plans, specs
- fire wall separation
- cost estimate
- repair < 20% cost
Building Permit Fee Bases
Fire Zone Designation
- occupancy type
Non-fire restricted zone Without fire-resistivity
- construction cost
Rural
- area Fire restrictive zone 2-hour fire resistivity for exterior walls
- height 1-hour fire resistivity throughout
Highly fire restrictive zone 3 to 4-hour fire resistivity throughout
Building Permit Issuance
Issuance 15 days from payment
Expiry 1 year, if no work starts RULE VI: FIRE RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS IN
120 days, if work stops CONSTRUCTION
Appeal 15 days
Final decision 15 days
Assembly Material 1-hr 2-hr 3-hr 4-hr
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
Ground Preparation and Excavation Permit Floor Concrete cover 15 20 25 25
Excavation = 50-100 cum P50,000 for first 50 cum + construction Depth 100 125 150 150
Depth = 2-3m P300/cum Solid pre- Concrete cover 25 40 50 65
Written notice to adjoining 10 days before excavation stressed Depth 100 125 150 150
property owner Partition Solid concrete 125 150 175 175
Notice of construction to OBO Before any construction Solid masonry 125 150 175 200
Hollow masonry 150 200 250 300
Building Permit Non-issuance, Suspension, Revocation Protection for Concrete 25 38 50 75
- errors in plans, specs metal Masonry 38 55 75 100
structural Metal lath + vermiculite 12 20 38 50
- incorrect info member or perlite gypsum plaster
- non-compliance Exterior wall Solid concrete 75 125 150 180
Solid masonry 100 150 175 200
Civil Code Article 1723 Hollow masonry 150 200 250 300
- liability for 15 years from completion Column RC 200 300 400 450

BUILDING LAWS 2
RULE VII: CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL BHL: excludes projections (signage, mast, antenna, etc)
REQUIREMENTS OF ALL BUILDINGS BY USE OR
OCCUPANCY Established Grade Elevation
elevation distance ≤ 3 m - highest
Occupancy Classification elevation distance > 3 m - average
A Residential Dwellings
B Residential, Hotels, Apartments Grade: lowest point between exterior wall and 1.5 m away
C Education and Recreation
D Institutional Height: EGE to
E Business and Mercantile
- flat roof
F Industrial
G Storage and Hazardous - average of gable, pitch, hip
H Assembly, Occupants < 1000 - top of parapet
I Assembly, Occupants ≥ 1000 - top of helipad
J Accessory
Height Classification
Occupancy Separation Rise Storeys
- 1-hour fire resistive Low 1-5
- 2-hour fire resistive Med 6-15
- 3-hour fire resistive High 16+
- 4-hour fire resistive *In FCP, high rise is height ≥ 15m or 4+ storeys

Location on Property Storey

- direct access to public space on at least 1 side - FFL to FFL
- PL space to eaves over windows to side ≥ 750 mm - 3 m minimum
- exterior wall opening ≤ 50% wall area in storey Podium
- fully enclosed
Firewall - EGE to 1st atypical floor
- 0.4 to 1 m extension above roof Tower
- separate for each lot unless - between podium to roof
- same owner - tower height ≤ 5 podium height
- unitary development Spire
- no opening except 1 m vent well - height ≤ 6 m if incombustible

Firewall Limits BHL based on Building Type (Table VII.2)

R-1 - 1 abutment only Building Type BHL (storeys) BHL (m)
- 7 m long, 3.2 m high R-1 3 10 m
- 50% side R-2 B
R-2 - 1 side R-3 B
- 80% total R-4
R-3 - 2 sides R-2 M 5 15 m
- 85% side R-3 M 12 36 m
- 65% perimeter R-5 12-18 36-54 m
- 1 side, 1 rear C-1 3-5 10-15 m
- 90% side C-2 6 18 m
- 100% side if rear width < 4m C-3 16-60 48-180 m
- 50% perimeter I-1 15 m but ≤ major zone BHL
R-4 - 2 sides I-2 21 m but ≤ major zone BHL
- 75% side I-3 27 m but ≤ major zone BHL
- 50% perimeter Cultural 30 m but ≤ major zone BHL
R-5 - 2 sides Institutional 15 m but ≤ major zone BHL
- 65% side UTS
- 50% perimeter Parks
Agricultural
PUD: reclamation 3-15 10-45 m but ≤ ATO BHL
DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS (DC) near airport
PUD: reclamation 3-30 10-30 m
- set of interactive regulations concerning the physical
PUD: coastal 16-45 48-135 m
utilization of a lot, and governing the planning/design of PUD: inland near 3-25 10-75 m but ≤ ATO BHL
spaces and/or the use or occupancy of a building to be airport
introduced on a lot PUD: inland 12-60 36-180 m

TLA BHL in Approach-Departure Zone by ATO

- 1:7
PSO = AMBF / TLA
BHL based on RROW
AMBF = PSO x TLA RROW RROW Width BHL (storeys)
AMBF = TLA – Yard Areas 1 6-7 3
1 4-5 2.5
1 3 2

BUILDING LAWS 3
OFB (outermost face of building) TGFA
 footprint prism (initial AMVB) - includes
- covered parking, driveway, service, utility
OLBP (outermost limits of building projection) - vertical penetration in parking floors w/o units
 projection prism - uncovered helipad, cooling tower, ACCU, tank, deck,
- 60% of setback laundry, cage, pool, terrace, garden, court, fire escape
- balcony area > 10 sqm
AMVB - other projections with function as floor/platform
- above grade - excludes
- vent requirements = yards, incremental setbacks, etc - courts above grade

Initial AMVB = AMBF x BHL TGFA = GFA + non-GFA – courts, setbacks

TGFA = BHL x PSO x TLA
Final AMVB = AMBF x BHL (– vent requirements) TGFA = GFA x multiplier

Building Bulk GFA  TGFA Multiplier (Table VII.G.2)

- below + above grade Type Multiplier
R-1 1.5
R-2 B 1.25
R-3 B
GFA = TLA x FLAR R-4
- excludes R-2 M 1.2
- covered parking, driveway, service, utility R-3 M
- vertical penetration in parking floors w/o units R-5
- uncovered helipad, cooling tower, ACCU, tank, deck, C-1 1.25
C-2 1.33
laundry, cage, pool, terrace, garden, court, fire escape C-3 1.5
- balcony area > 10 sqm I-1 1.33
I-2 1.5
FLAR I-3
UTS 1.5
Agricultural 1.03 – 1.06
Table VII.G.1
Type FLAR Designation
R-1 1.5 Parking Areas
R-2 B 1.3 – 1.5 Off-RROW or off-street Outside RROW
R-2 M 2.1 – 3 On-site Outside RROW
R-3 B 1.8 – 2.1 Inside same site
R-3 M 7.1 – 8.1 Off-site Outside RROW
R-4 1.6 – 1.8 Inside separate site
R-5 6–9
< 100 m from residential
C-1 1.7 – 3
< 200 m from office, commercial
C-2 3.6 – 9
C-3 9 – 34
I-1 1.5 – 2.5 Parking garage
I-2 2.5 – 3 - 20% parking requirement within 200 m radius
I-3 3–5
Institutional 2.5 Parking Slot
Cultural 3.5 Perpendicular car 2.5 x 5
UTS 2–3 Perpendicular car for PWD 3.7 x 5
Parks 0.5 – 1 Parallel car 2.15 x 6
Agricultural 1.8 – 2.2 Jeepney 3x9
PUD: reclamation 6 Truck or bus 3.6 x 12
near airport Articulated truck 3.6 x 18
PUD: reclamation 6 – 18
*Wheelchair Transfer Area
PUD: inland near 9 – 34
airport
PUD: inland 9 – 34 Traffic generating buildings
Cemetery 0.8 - street curb to intersection ≥ 50 m

Group A Dwelling Requirement

PSO 90% of corner lot
80% of inside lot
Setback 2 m from PL
Footing 250 mm thk
600 mm below NGL
Live load 1F = 200 kg/sqm
2F = 150 kg/sqm
Wind load Roof = 120 kg/sqm
Stairs Width = 0.75 m
Rise = 200 mm
Run = 200 mm

BUILDING LAWS 4
RULE VIII: LIGHT AND VENTILATION Front of lot: pedestrian, vehicular access

TOSL = TLA - AMBF Yard: OFB to PL space

TOSL = ISA + USA
Setback: OFB to PL horizontal measure
ISA Yard R-1 R-2 B R-2 M R-3 B R-3 M R-4 R-5
- paved and unroofed Front 4.5 3 8 3 8 4.5 6
- max Side 2 2 2 2 2 3
Rear 2 2 2 2 2 3
- in R-1, ISA = side + rear setbacks

Side and Rear Incremental Setback (Table VII.G.3)

USA
Type RROW W/o projections W/ projection
- min Degree Ratio Degree Ratio
- in R-1, ISA = front setback R-1 8m 46.5 9: 8.5 50 7.5: 6.25
10 m 43 9: 9.5 46 7.5: 7.25
MACA = AMBF + ISA 12 m 40 9: 10.5 43 7.5: 8.25
MACA = TLA - USA 14 m 38 9: 11.5 39 7.5: 9.25
16 m 35 9: 12.5 36 7.5: 10.25
18 m 33.5 9: 13.5 33 7.5: 11.25
TOSL w/o Firewall based on Lot Type, Zoning (Table VII.G.6)
20 m 31 9: 14.5 32 7.5: 12. 25
Type Interior Inside Corner or End Corner- C-3 8m 71 48: 16.5
Through Through 10 m 69.5 48: 17.5
R-1 40% 50% 30% 40% 30% 12 m 68 48: 18.5
R-2 30% 40% 30% 30% 30% 14 m 65.5 48: 19.5
R-3 16 m 63.6 48: 20.5
R-4 30% 18 m 61.7 48: 21.5
R-5 20 m 60 48: 22.5
GI 50% 50% 40% 50% 40%
Cultural 40% 40% 35% 40% 35%
UTS 50% 50% 40% 50% 40% Side and Rear Incremental Setback
Others 20% 25% 20% 20% 10% C-3 0.3 m above 2F to 14F

TOSL w/ Firewall based on Lot Type, Zoning

Type Interior Inside Corner or End Corner- Court: open from ground upward
Through Through Dimension 2 m for 1-2 storeys
R-1 20% 1.5 m if as yard with adjacent 3 sqm court
R-2 25% 30% 25% 25% 25% (ex. quadruplex, rowhouse)
R-3 Passageway width 1.2 m
R-4 20%
R-5 Court Types
GI 40% 40% 30% 40% 30% Inner court 4 sides bounded
Cultural 30% Open court 3 sides bounded
UTS 40% 40% 30% 40% 30% Through court 2 opposite sites bounded
Others 15% 15% 10% 15% 5%
Abutment
TOSL based on Lot Type, Occupancy - any structure along PL
Interior 50% in A, B, C, D, J - ex. firewall
20% in E, F, G, H, I
Inside 20% in A, B, C, D, J
15% in E, F, G, H, I
Corner 15% in A, B, C, D, J Easement
5% in E, F, G, H, I - free from obstruction
Through 10% in A, B, C, D, J - for recreation, maintenance
5% in E, F, G, H, I
Corner-through 5% - may lie on public or private property
Corner abutting 3 streets, rivers 5% - but for public use
End 30-50 % in A, B, C, D, E-2
20-50 % H-1, H-2, H-4, E-3 Urban 3m
Pasig River (creek) 3m
Open space Pasig River (main) 10 m
-8m if 1 abutting public open space Agricultural/beach 20 m
Boracay* 30 m
- 12 m if 2 or more abutting public open space
Forest 40 m

Sight line: line of view

View corridor: W, D, H of sight line

BUILDING LAWS 5
RROW Vent Well
- carriageway Width, max 3m
- pedestrian access way: open sidewalk, arcade Height, min 1.5 m
- curb and gutter
- pedestrian crossing Vent Shaft
- vehicle separator: island, median, shoulder Area 1 sqm
Dimension, min 0.6 m
- pedestrian separator: planting strips
Basement provision Main
- street furniture - center
- utility elements - vertical
- special feature: bike lane, accessibility provision - width ≥ 3 m
Secondary
- front and rear
Air Rights - angular: 60deg
- right to use RROW above grade - width ≥ 1.2 m

Access Requirements for Interior Lot

- RROW width ≥ 3 m
- chaflan width ≥ 4 m

Access Requirements for Multiple Dwelling

Dwelling units Carriageway Sidewalk RROW
1-6 3 0.6 4.2
7-15 4 1 6
16-25 5 1 7
26-35 6 1 8
36+ 6.7 1 8

Sidewalk
Width 1.2 m for 9 m RROW
Slope, if RROW <1:12 Follow RROW
Slope, if RROW 1:10 Level for 20-40 m run
Connect levels with 1:6 ramps
Driveway slope 1:3 to 1:4
Driveway-sidewalk If curb height > 200 mm,
slope Connect driveway-sidewalk w/ 1/8 ramp

Floor to Ceiling Height

Artificial ventilation 2.4 m, governing
Natural ventilation 2.7 m, governing
1F 2.7 m
2F 2.4 m
3F 2.1 m
Mezzanine 1.8 m

Air Space
Habitation Width ≥ 2m
Area ≥ 6 sqm
Volume ≥ 14 cum/person
Kitchen Width ≥ 1.5 m
Area ≥ 3 sqm
T&B Width ≥ 0.9 m
Area ≥ 1.2 m
School Volume ≥ 3 cum/person
Workshop, factory, Volume ≥ 12 cum/person
office

Window Opening
Natural ventilation Area ≥ 10% of floor area
Area ≥ 1 sqm
T&B, laundry Area ≥ 5% of floor area
Area ≥ 240 sqmm

BUILDING LAWS 6
RULE IX: SANITATION RULE XI: PROTECTION OF PEDESTRIAN DURING
CONSTRUCTION OR DEMOLITION
Water Supply System
- source: municipal/city waterworks system Storage in Public Property
- source: meteoric, surface, underground - stack < 1.8m
- National Standards for Drinking Water Standards - stack > 1.2m, taper sides
- piping: PD 1067 Water Code - no concrete mixing on streets

Wastewater Disposal System Pedestrian Protection

- Code of Sanitation, DENR Temporary walkway - width > 1.2m
- Revised Plumbing Code - width > 0.60m for partial sideway
occupancy
- sanitary sewage
- none if street width < 5m
 street sewer main - live load > 650 kg/sqm
 Imhoff, septic tank, subsurface absorption field - railing height > 1m
Fence - height > 2.4m
Storm Drainage System Canopy - canopy if sidewalk-building ≤ 1/2 height
- height > 2.4m
- rainwater shall not discharge to sanitary sewer system - toe board > 300mm
- load > 4800 Pascal
Pest and Vermin Control - planking thickness > 50mm
- rat-proofing for hollow and wood construction - 100W bulb every 6m
- fans or catch platforms
- screening for public dining
Nets and belts - nets if sidewalk-building ≤ 1/2 height
- 2mm GI wire, 38mm mesh nylon, canvas
Noise Pollution Control - safety belts if storeys > 6
- emission standards, DENR
Lighting
Pipes Material Stairs, corridors 200 lux
- Bureau of Product Standards, DTI Tool/work area 500 lux

Ladders
Length 6m
Width 1m
RULE X: BUILDING PROJECTION OVER PUBLIC STREETS
Landing area 1.2 sqm
Extension 900mm
Footings Inspection Every 30 days
Along Depth Projection
National road > 2.4m 300mm Stairways
Public sidewalk > 0.6m 500mm
Height, permanent 18m
Load 4800 Pascal
Balconies and Arcades 2 risers + 1 tread 460-700mm
Street width Projection Clear height Width 900mm
3m to 6m 0.60m 3.00m above Landings 750mm
6m to less than 10m 0.90m sidewalk Every 3.6m height
10m to less than 11m 1.00m
11m to less than 12m 1.10m Runways and ramps
12m to less than 13m 1.30m Construction 3 25x 250mm planks
13m to less than 14m 1.40m Slope 1:3
14m and over 1.50m If over 1:3, provide cleats 20mm apart
Landing Every 1.8m rise
Canopies, Awnings, Doors, Windows
Projection Clear height Fire-resistive Scaffolds
rating Thickness 50mm
Canopies and 300mm from curb 3.00m from 2 hours Plank overlap 150mm
marquees pavement Overhead protection 3m
Awnings 300mm from curb 2.40m from Enclosure 15m from sandblasting/guniting works
pavement
Doors and 0m from PL if clear
height < 2.4m Demolition
windows
(except fire exit) - floor by floor
- 1 fan for 3 storeys
Chaflans - precautions
- truncated corner facing 3.6m alleys - chutes for material removal above 6m
- not required if arcaded - 1.8m high guard rail
- width > 4m - 150mm high, 50mm thick bumper
- floors
- plank over openings within 3m
- clear area within 6m

BUILDING LAWS 7
RULE XII: GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
REQUIREMENTS Storey occupant load = 50% of storey load above +
25% of load 2 storeys above
Excavation, Foundation, and Retaining Walls Total exit width = total occupant load / 165
Restore disturbance on public property 48 hours after = equally among exits
Written notice to adjoining buildings 10 days before Arrangement of 2 exits < 1/5 perimeter
Cut slope 1:2 (v:h)
Exit for 1.5m deep trench Every 7.5 m Distance to exits 45 m
Distance to exits, with sprinklers 60 m
Veneer
Enclosed Vertical Openings Doors
Elevators over 2 storeys Door swing out 50 occupants
Top ventilation opening Locks Flush or surface bolts
Air curtain 300 mm Door width 900 mm
Automatic sprinklers 600 mm from curtain Max leaf width 1.2 m
Clear width 700 mm
Door height 2m
Roof Construction
Landing floor level 50 mm, max
Attics 200 mm, max in A and B
Opening 600 x 600 mm Prohibitions No double acting door, for 100
Headroom 800 mm occupants
Horizontal areas 250 sqm No special doors
Horizontal areas, if with sprinklers 750 sqm Revolving door width 2 m with panic hardware
Draft stop in truss roofs, 2000 sqm building
Between roof and bottom chords Corridors
Width 1.1 m
Roof Drainage Projections allowed Trim handrails < 200mm
- over public property allowed in occupancies A and J Open door < ½ corridor
Dead ends 6m
Stairs, Exits, Occupant Loads Walls, ceilings 1-hour fire resistive
serving occupants > 30
Unit area 2 exits if
Total area of other openings 25% of corridor wall, max
(sqm) occupants over
(except doors)
Dwelling 28 10
Hotels 18.6 10
Apartments Stairs
Dormitories Width, occupants < 10 0.75 m
Classrooms 1.8 50 Width, occupants < 50 0.90 m
Conference 1.4 50 Width, occupants > 50 1.10 m
Exhibit rooms Stairs projections allowed Trim handrails < 100 mm
Gymnasia Rise 200 mm
School shops 4.6 50 Run 250 mm
Vocational institutions Rise height or 5mm
Laboratories Tread width variations
Hospital, sanitaria 8.4 5 Landing = stair width
Nursing home 7.4 5 Landing projections allowed Open door < 100 mm
Children’s home Landing v distance 3.6 m
Geriatric home Handrail location Both sides
Sleeping departments 11 One side in A and B
Inpatient departments 22 None if risers < 4
Children’s nurseries 3.25 6 Intermediate handrail 3m
Stores sales rooms Handrail height 800-900 mm
Basement 2.8 50 Opening protection 3/4 hour fire-resistive,
Ground floor 2.8 50 If 3m from stairs
Upper floor 5.6 10 Roof stairs Storeys ≥ 4
Office 9.3 30 Roof slope ≤ 1:3
Aircraft hangar 46.5 10 Headroom 2m
Parking garage 18.6 30 Horizontal exit capacity 0.30 sqm/ambulatory
Drinking establishment 1.4 30 1.90 sqm/non-ambulatory
Kitchen 18.6 50 Enclosure 2-hour fire-resistive
Warehouse 28 30 No other openings
Mechanical equipment room Smoke-proof enclosure 1 in storeys ≥ 5
Garage 9.3 10 1-hour fire-resistive vestibule
Auditoriums, theaters, stadia 0.65 50 2-hour fire-resistive exit
Churches, chapels
Dance floors
Winding stairway run Measured 300mm from side
Reviewing stands
150 mm, min
Circular stairway run 250 mm
1 exit All
2 exits Upper floors with occupants > 10
Exits
Mezzanine area > 185 sqm
Mezzanine dimension > 18 m Exit passageway slope 1:8
3 exits All floors with 500-999 occupants Exit court slope 1:10
4 exits All floors with occupants >1000 Opening width 3m

BUILDING LAWS 8
Exit Signs Skylights
Light 10.7 lux Construction Metal frames, except A, J
Angle 45 deg
Aisles Height 100 mm from roof
Aisle width 800 mm, 1 side Support spacing 625 mm, flat wired glass
1 m, 2 sides 1.5 m, corrugated wired glass
Increased 30 mm/ m from exit, Material Plate glass, photography
cross aisle, foyer Ordinary glass, greenhouse < 6 m
Side aisle width 1.1 m Thickness 12.5 mm
Distance to exit 45 m, areas with seats, H, I Wire mesh Area > 100 sqcm
Seat number 7, to wall
14, between aisles Penthouse
30 (1-m back-back), between Height 8.4 m, elevators, tanks
aisles, 1.7-m exit/ 5 rows 3.6 m, others
Cross aisles Widest aisle + 50% of adjacent Area 1/3 of supporting roof
aisle Purpose Mechanical shelter only
Cross aisle deadends 6 m, in C, H, E Tower construction Iron, steel RC, 20 m from grade
Vomitories Widest aisle + 50% of adjacent Tower height 1/4 street frontage
aisle If 7.5 m, incombustible support
Slope 1:8 Tower base area 150 sqm
Tower area If 10 sqm, extend to ground
Seats
Back-back 840 mm Chimney (skipped)
Back-back clear width 450 mm, 2-18 rows Fireplace (skipped)
500 mm, 19-35 rows
525 mm, 36-45 rows
550 mm, 46 rows above Fire-extinguishing systems
Width 450 mm Required in Area > 200 sqm for habitation
Occupant load > 20
Reviewing stands, bleachers
Dressing room, workshop, factory
Combustible framing 11 rows Occupant load > 10
Height 2.7 m
Bleacher live load 500 kg/sqm Assembly halls
Seat, footboard live load 180 kg/lm Occupant load > 500
Sway force 36 kg/lm, perpendicular
0, lateral Distance to dispersal area > 30 m
Back-back 600 mm, no backrest
750 mm, backrest Films, inflammable storage
850 mm, chair seating
Back-back clear width 300 mm Required in Storeys ≥ 4
Rise 400 mm Size 900 L/min
Width 450-480 mm Number 1/ 950 sqm 3rd-top floor area
Seat number 15, open air Location 300 mm from stairs, balcony
6, in buildings 2-way Siamese 100 mm pipes
Aisles exemption No backrest 3-way Siamese 125 mm pipes
Rise < 300 mm 4-way Siamese 150 mm pipes
Rows < 11
Inlet height 0.3-1.2 m from grade
Top seating < 3 m from grade
Outlet height 0.63-1.2 m FFFL
First seating < 500 mm
Sign height 25 mm
Aisle dead end 16 rows
Aisle width 1.1 m
Stair rise 200 mm Wet Standpipes
Stair run 280 mm Required in H, I
Ramp slope 1:8 C with storeys > 2
Handrail If slope 1:10 B, D, E, F, G storeys > 3
Guardrail Top seat > 1.2 m from grade G, E area > 1800 sqm
Front seat > 0.6m from grade Size 900 L/min
Guardrail height 1.1 m, rear Number 6 m nozzle radius + 23 m hose
0.9 m, front Location 1 each side of stage
Foot board 3rd row 1 rear of auditorium, balcony
Seat > 600 mm from grade Outlet height 0.3-1.2 m FFFL
Distance to exit 45 m Tanks 1500 L /min for 10 minutes
2 exits Seat > 500 mm from grade Fire pump 1000 L/min
Occupants > 50, in building
Occupants > 300, open air Stages, Platforms (skipped)
3 exits Occupants > 300, in building
Motion Picture Projection Rooms (skipped)
Occupants > 1000, open air
Exit width 1.1 m, min Wall boards (blank)
Occupant load/165, in building
Occupant load/500, open air
Occupant load/600, ramp exit
Dispersal area 2 exits
3 exits, 6000 persons
4 exits, 9000 persons
600 mm width/ 500 persons

BUILDING LAWS 9
RULE XIII: ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL REGULATIONS RULE XVII: SHEET METAL PAINT SPRAY BOOTHS

*See Mechanical-Electrical Notes: NBC Provisions Construction GA 18 steel

Area 150 sqm
Pipe color 10% major use area
Fire curtain, deflector depth 100 mm, if open elevation > 1 sqm
Carbon Dioxide R
Operation separation 91 cm
Fire Service Water R
Acetylene O Mechanical vent 30 lm/min
BF Gas O Discharge points 2 m from combustible
Gasoline O 8 m from exterior opening
Hydrogen O
Grease O
Oxygen O
RULE XVIII: GLASS AND GLAZING
Oil O
Tar O
Producer Gas O Safety glass if Width > 600 mm
LP Gas O Height > 180 mm
High Vacuum O Adjacent to wall opening
Oil and Water** O
Acid Y Unless bulkhead > 450 mm
HP Air Y
Ammonia Y
Glass Area Limitation
HP Steam Y
LP Steam Y Thickness (mm) Width (m) Length (m)
Boiler Feed Water Y 8 1.1 1.1
Hot Water Y 10 2.25 2.25
HP Water Y 12 3 3
LP Air G 15 Over 3 Over 3
LP Argon G
LP Helium G
Louvered Windows
LP Nitrogen G
Cold Water G Thickness 5.6 mm
Distill Water G Length 1.2 m
LP Water G
Treated Water G
Oil and Water* G
Impact Exemptions
Shower enclosure 5.6 mm wire-reinforced
RULE XIV: PHOTOGRAPHIC AND X-RAY FILMS 4.8 mm tempered
6.4 mm laminated safety
Automatic fire-extinguishing Container > 14 cum Glass lights Height > 450 mm FFFL
system Shelving > 1.4 cum Dimension < 450 mm
Location 600 mm from heat source Area < 1.5 sqm

RULE XV: PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION RULE XIX: USE OF COMPUTER

RULE XVI: PLASTICS RULE XX: SIGNS

Glazing Projecting Signs

Flame spread rating 225 Projection 1.2 m, non-arcaded
Glazed plastic openings GF, opens to street 0.6 m, arcaded
2F+, 3 m from stairs 0.3 m, w/o sidewalk
1/3 to PL, w/in setback
Size 600 sqmm
Height clearance 3 m, non-arcaded
Spacing 2m
5 m, arcaded
Distance between signs 4m
Skylight Distance from electric post 1m
Location 3 m from PL, except A
Spacing 2.5 m, lateral Wall Signs
3 m, along slope
Projection 0.3 m
Area (single) 10 sqm
Height clearance 3m
Area (total) 20% of floor
Attachment Not on column, beam, utility
Curb 100 mm high, if 1:3

Sawtooth Roofs Projection over Alley

Height Projection
Location 150 mm from roof
<3m 0
Area (single) 15 sqm
3-4.5 m 0.3 m
Area (total) 20% of floor
> 4.5 1m
Spacing 1.5 m, incombustible

Exterior Veneers
RULE XXI: FINAL PROVISIONS
Height 10 m from grade
Area 15 sqm
Spacing 1.2 m, vertical
0.6 m, horizontal

BUILDING LAWS 10
BP 344 APPENDIX A: MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR
LAW TO ENHANCE MOBILITY OF DISABLED PERSONS ACCESSIBILITY
1983 February 25
Outside Building:
RULE I: SCOPE AND APPLICATION
RULE II: MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS Dropped Curb
Location Pedestrian crossing
End of walkway
Wheelchair
Slope 1:12
Length 1.1-1.3 m Cross gradient 1:20
Width 0.6-0.75 m Width Crossing width, or
Turning space diameter 1.5 m 0.90 m
Height reach 0.7-1.2 m FFFL Lowest point from gutter 25 mm
0.4-1.5 m FFFL max
0.4 m from corner
Curb Cut-out
Location Not along walkway
Basic Requirements
Slope 1:12
- accessibility Width Crossing width, or
- reachability 0.90 m
- usability
- orientation Walkway
- safety Slope 1:20
- workability + efficiency Cross gradient 1:100
Width 1.2 m
Grating opening 13 mm
RULE III: SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDINGS
Grating projection 6.5 mm
AND RELATED STRUCTURES FOR PUBLIC USE Rest stop dimension 1.5 m
Rest stop distance 12 m
Classification Headroom 2m
Category PD 1096
I Residential A, B Handrail
II Commercial B, C, E, F, G, H, I Location Both sides
Industrial Height 0.7 m and 0.9 m
III Educational C, D, E, H 1.0-1.06 m for great heights
Industrial Extension 0.3 m
IV Agricultural J Full grip 30-50 mm
V Ancillary J Wall clearance 50 mm
Ledge clearance 40 mm
PWD Units
I Group A Single detached 10% Signage
Duplex Color Contrasting colors + gray
Staff housing 1 per 26-50 Height 1.4-1.6 m on door
+ 1 per 100
Headroom if protruding 2m
Group B Multiple dwelling 1 per 26-50
Raised symbol, letter, number 1 mm
High-rise condominium + 1 per 100
II Group B Apartment, town house 1 per 50-150
Hotel, inn, apartel + 1 per 100 Crossing
Off-campus dormitory Carriageway width requiring 10 m
Special Auditorium, assembly 2 for 4-50 central refuge
Type hall, theater, related 4 for 51-300 Central refuge depth 1.5 m
structures 6 for 301-500 Central refuge width 2m
Green light 0.9 m/sec x distance
RULE IV: REQUIREMENTS FOR PUBLIC
TRANSPORTATION Parking Area
Width 3.7 m
Seats
Train 6 Inside Building:
Regular bus 5
AC bus 4 Entrance
Jeep 2 Vestibule depth 1.8 m
Plane 2 Vestibule width 1.5 m

RULE V: ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT Ramp

Width 1.2 m
Criminal Liability Slope 1:12
1st violation Imprisonment 6 months – 2 years Length 6m
Fine P50,000 – P100,000 Landing 1.5 m
2nd violation Imprisonment 6 months – 2 years Level area at top and bottom 1.8 m
Fine P100,000 – P200,000 Handrail 0.7 m and 0.9 m again
Privilege abuse Imprisonment 6 months Curb height 0.1 m
Fine P5,000 – P50,000 Ramp-vehicular railing 1.8 m across, if height > 0.2m

BUILDING LAWS 11
Doors
Clear width 0.8 m
Force 4 kg
Clear area before and after 1.5 m x 1.5 m
Clear corridor width when open 1.2 m
Hardware height 0.9 m preferred
0.82-1.06 m
Kickplate 0.3-0.4 m
Threshold height 25 mm

Switches
Height 1.2-1.3 m
Location from latch side 0.2 m

Corridor
Width 1.2 m
Turnabout size 1.5 m x 1.5 m
Turnabout distance 12 m

Washroom
Number 1 per 20 per floor
+ 1 over 20
Signage Triangle for men
Circle for women
0.3 m long
7.5 mm thick
WC depth 1.8 m
WC width 1.7 m
WC height 0.45 m
Flush height 1.2 m
WC grab bar height 0.8 m
WC grab bar length 0.3-0.9 m
Turning space 2.25 sqm
1.5 m dimension
Lavatory knee recess 0.6-0.7 m
Lavatory height 0.8 m
Lavatory vertical clearance 0.5 m
Urinal height 0.48 m
Urinal grab bar height 0.6 m
Urinal grab bar length 0.6 m

Stairs
Tactile strip 0.3 m

Elevators
Location 30 m from entrance
Size 1.1 m x 1.4 m
Control panel height 0.9-1.2m
Button diameter 20 mm
Button depth 1 mm

Safety
Rail height 1m
Tapping rail height, max 0.35 m
Kickboard height, min 0.2 m

BUILDING LAWS 12
RA 9514 (2008 IRR) Fire hazard
REVISED FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES OF 2008 - condition/act that increases occurrence of fire, or
Repealed PD1185 - obstruct, delay, hinder, interfere with firefighting and
2008 December 19 safeguarding

Inspection Fee Fire trap

0.1% of estimated - 50% paid before issuance of building permit - unsafe building that burns easily, or
value, ≤ PhP - 50% paid after final inspection, before use and - lacks adequate exits
50,000 occupancy
0.1% of assessed - paid annually, upon payment of real estate tax Fire lane
value - except for single family dwellings
- portion of roadway, public way open for fire fighting units
FALAR: Fire and Life Safety Assessment Report
Hazard of Contents
Building Plan - 6 sets plans, specs
Review - 3 sets FALAR 1 Low No self-propagating fire Panic, fume, smoke
- fire and life-safety features documentation Moderate Moderate rapidity Fire, considerable smoke
- signed by architect, fire safety practitioner High Extreme rapidity Fire, poisonous fume, smoke
Inspection after - before occupancy permit
Completion of - 3 sets FALAR 2 Flame spread rating
Construction - certifies building in accordance to FALAR 1 - time in which flame spreads over surface
- signed by construction manager, contractor
Business and - check occupancy, hazard, protective/warning
Routine - 3 sets FALAR 3 Fire resistance rating
Inspection - signed by building administrator -time in which a material can withstand a hundred fire test
- required for OL 50

Penalties vs Private Means of Egress

Administrative Fine P50,000 Separation 1-3 storeys 1-hour fire resistance
Punitive Fine P100,000 4+ storeys 2-hour fire resistance
Imprisonment 6 months-6 years Width Minimum for all 915 mm
Sign removal Fine P100,000 Width Board and care 10 mm/person, stairs
Imprisonment 30 days
5 mm/person, level and ramp
Disobey ground Fine P5,000 Health care, w/ 7.6 mm/person, stairs
commander Imprisonment 1-30 days
sprinkler 5 mm/person, level and ramp
Health care, w/o 15 mm/person, stairs
Penalties vs Public sprinkler 13 mm/person, level and ramp
Administrative Punishment Reprimand, suspend,remove High hazard 18 mm/person, stairs
Punitive Fine P100,000 10 mm/person, level and ramp
Imprisonment 6 months-6 years Others 7.6 mm/person, stairs
5 mm/person, level and ramp

RULE I: INTERPRETATION Projection width 114 mm

Projection height 965 mm
RULE II: COVERAGE
Number of exits 2
RULE III: TERMS 3, if occupants = 501-1000
RULE IV: AUTHORITY OF CHIEF, BFP 4, if occupants = 1001+
RULE V: BFP REORGANIZATION AND Distance of exits 1/2 diameter, if w/o sprinkler
PROFESSIONALIZATION 1/3 diameter, if w/ sprinkler
Dead ends 6m
RULE VI: FIRE BRIGADES, FIRE VOLUNTEER
Travel distance 15 m, remote-door
ORGANIZATIONS, FIRE SAFETY PRACTITIONERS 30 m, door-exit
RULE VII: ASSISTANCE AND SUPPORT TO BFP Headroom 2m
RULE VIII: FIRE SAFETY ENFORCERS
RULE IX: ENFORCEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF
FIRE SAFETY MEASURES Doors
Swing out Occupants ≥ 50
RULE X: FIRE SAFETY MEASURES Clear corridor width when open 1/2 corridor width
Reentry mechanism Every 4 floors, if storeys ≥ 4
Clear width 0.71-1.22 m
Occupancy Classification
Elevation change 13 mm
Occupants ≥
Threshold height 13 mm
1 Assembly 50
Threshold bevel slope 1:2 if height > 6 mm
2 Educational 6
Panic hardware 7 kg, force
3 Healthcare 2/3 door width, length
4 Detention and Correctional 0.76-1.12 m, height
5 Residential Turnstile width 0.91 m
6 Mercantile Turnstile max distance to door 6.1 m
7 Business
8 Storage
9 Mixed
10 Miscellaneous

BUILDING LAWS 13
New Stairs Ramps
Width 915 mm, if occupants < 50 Width 1.12 m
1120 mm, if occupants < 2000 Slope 1:12
1420 mm, if occupants ≥ 2000 Cross slope 1:48
Riser 100-180 mm Rise for 1 ramp run 0.76 m
Tread 280 mm
Headroom 2000 mm Fire Escape Stairs
Landing-landing height 3660 mm
Width 0.6 m
Handrail height 760-865 mm
Rise 230 mm
Handrail location 25 mm from edge
Tread, exclusive of nosing 230 mm
38 mm from wall
Tread perforation diameter 13 mm
Intermediate handrail Width > 2.23 m
Landing-landing height 3.66 m
Handrail force 91 kg
Headroom 2m
Guard height 1.06 m
0.91 m, in balcony, mezzanine Access to escape 1.98 x 0.61 m door/casement
0.9144 x 0.762 m double hung
Intermediate rails spacing 255 mm
Access opening height 305 mm FFFL
Vertical balusters spacing 152.5 mm
Capacity 45 /unit, if through door
Curb height 76 mm, on stairs
20 /unit, if through window
152.5 mm, on level area
Handrail height 0.76 – 1.07 m
Intermediate rail force 122 kg/sqm

Fire Escape Ladders

Height 9m
Existing Stairs
3 storeys
Width 915 mm Rigid connection interval 3m
Riser 205-230 mm Rail height 1.14 m
Tread 280 mm Rail section 12.5 mm x 50 mm
Headroom 2000 mm Rail spacing 400 mm
Landing-landing height 3660 mm Rung-building clearance 680 mm
Rung-rung clearance 160 mm
Rung diameter 22 mm
Curved Stairs Rung height 305 mm FFFL
Tread 280-305 mm
Radius Not less than 2x width
Illumination of Means of Egress
Spiral Stairs Means of egress light 10.7 lux
*permitted as means of egress is OL = 1-3 Emergency light delay 10 seconds
Riser 180 mm Emergency light period 1.5 hours
240 mm, if occupants < 3 Maintenance program In FALAR 3
Tread 280 mm
190 mm, if occupants < 3 Exit Marking
Handrail 265 mm, space Sign light 0.005 lumens/sqcm
610 mm, from 280 mm tread Sign size 115 mm high, in existing
Turn s.t. outer handrail at right 150 mm high
Clear width 660 mm 190 mm wide
Headroom 1.98 m Evacuation plan size 8.5” x 11”

Smokeproof Enclosure Protection of Vertical Opening, Combustible Concealed Space

Enclosure fire resistance 2 hours Sprinkler vent method Smoke detection + exhaust +
Vestibule door fire resistance 1.5 hours water curtain
Enclosure door fire resistance 1.5 hours, from exterior balcony Spray nozzle method Fire/smoke detection + water
20 minutes, from vestibule spray nozzle
Exit passageway fire resistance 2 hours Partial enclosure method Fire-resistant enclosure + self-
Smoke detector location 3 m from enclosure closing fire door
Firestops 280 sqm, in attics
Vestibule 93 sqm, in floor-ceiling space
Opening area 1.5 sqm to exterior court
Exterior court width 6m
Width 1.12 m Interior Finish – Flame Spread
Depth 1.83 m Class A 25
Air supply 1 air change/ min Class B 16-75
Air supply height 150 mm FFFL Class C 76-200
Exhaust 1.5 of supply Class D 201-500
Exhaust height 150 mm from trap top Class E Over 500
Smoke trap 510 mm from door
Dampered relief opening 70.8 cum/min

Area of refuge
Capacity 0.3 sqm/person

BUILDING LAWS 14
Fire Detection, Alarm and Communication Systems Fire Extinguishers
Signal initiation Fire alarm boxes 30 m apart Obsolete Soda acid, Chemical foam (except
Smoke alarm film-forming), Vaporizing liquid,
Occupant notification Cartridge-operated water, Cartridge-
Emergency forces notification Automatic fire dept notification in operated loaded stream, Copper or
- high rise brass shell
- hospital Weight 18 kg
- educational, institutional, hotel, Height 0.1-1.5 m FFFL
apartment (condo) of 4+ storeys
- highly hazardous occupancy Fire Extinguisher Class
- mall
A Combustible S Water, multipurpose dry chemical,
Emergency control
wet chemical
Annunciation Add zoning, if
B Combustible L & G Aqueous film-forming foam
Zoning area > 1860 sqm
(AFFF), film-forming fluoroprotein
Zoning length > 91 m
(FFFP), CO2, dry chemical
C Electric equipment Halon BANNED for delicate
Standpipe System electronics—use CO2 or
Class I 2.5” hose halogenated type
Class II 1.5” hose D Combustible metal
Class III K Cooking media
*See Fire Safety notes
Dry Standpipe
Required in Class I Fire Extinguishers for Hazard Types
Diameter 4”, if highest outlet height < 23 m Hazard Hazard Min Max travel to Max area per
6”, if highest outlet height > 23 m Class extinguisher extinguisher extinguisher
Slope 20% on horizontal run rating
Outlet height 0.64-1.22 m A Low 2-A 15 200
Outlet-area travel distance 40 m Moderate 3-A 12 100
Outlet-roof diameter 2.5”, if slope < 1:30 High 4-A 10 75
Pressure 300 psi or 21 kg/sqcm B Low 5-B 10 200
Service connection 4-way, if 4” diameter Moderate 10-B 10 100
Service connection height 0.46-1.22 m High 40-B 10 75
Sign height 25 mm

Wet Standpipe Chutes

Required in - assembly OL > 1000, Opens into rooms Area < 37 sqm,
- educational, healthcare, detention, With sprinklers
business, mercantile, industrial,
hotel, apartment storeys ≥ 4,
- hazardous, business, mercantile
area > 1860 sqm
Location 6 m + 22 m nozzle
Diameter 2.5”, for pipe
1.5”, for hose
Outlet valve 1.5”
Outlet height 0.91-1.82 m FFFL

Combination Standpipe
Diameter 6”
Service connection height 0.46-1.22 m
Outlet height 0.64-1.22 m

Sprinkler System
Required in - bars with live entertainment
- dance halls
- assembly, OL < 300 in
- in the storey
- in storey below
- in intervening storeys if below
exit discharge
- assembly, on
- stage with fly gallery, enclosed
platform area > 46.5 sqm
- ceiling
- under gridiron
- usable space under platform
- auxiliary space
- dressing room
- store room
- workshop
Not required in - multipurpose room < 1115 sqm
- not for exhibit
- not mixed
- assembly w/ open sides

BUILDING LAWS 15
ASSEMBLY OCCUPANCIES EDUCATIONAL OCCUPANCIES

Occupant Load Occupant Load

Area Sqm per person Area Sqm per person
Assembly of concentrated use 0.65 Classroom 1.9
(auditorium, church, lodge) Shop, laboratory 4.6
Assembly of less concentrated use 1.4 Dry nursery with sleeping area 3.3
(conference, dining, exhibit, gym)
Standing room 0.28 Exits
Waiting lobby 0.25
Number of exits 2 doors,
Area ≤ 930 sqm 0.46
If area > 93 sqm, OL > 50
Area > 930 sqm 0.65
Travel distance to exits 46 m, w/o sprinklers
61 m, w/ sprinklers
Exits Corridor width 1.83 m
Main exit 1/2 OL Door swing 180 deg
Other exits 2/3 OL on level Corridor clearance with open door 1/2 corridor width
Corridor width 1.12 m, if OL > 50 Exterior corridor/balcony spacing 76.25 m
Travel distance to exits 46 m, w/o sprinklers Deadend 6m
61 m, w/ sprinklers Window width 560 mm
Types Swing doors, Window height 800 mm
Horizontal exits, Window sill height 820 mm FFFL
Smokeproof enclosures, Smoke partitions interval 91 m
Stairs,
Ramps
Open Plan Buildings
Flexible plan area 2787 sqm
Seating
Smoke partitions interval Length > 91 m
Back-back 830 mm, or Door fire protection rating 20 minutes
680 mm + backrest thickness
Back-front 300 mm
Rows between aisles 14 Child Day Care Provisionss
Rows opening to 1 aisle 7 Number of exits, 2 doors,
Seat width, w/o dividing arms 600 mm If children < 30 1 leading directly outside
Number of exits, 2 doors,
If children > 30 Both leading directly outside
Aisle Vertical travel to ground 2.44 m
Aisle width, if seats ≤ 60 0.76 m Point in room-exit travel 45.8 m
Aisle width, if seats > 60 0.915 m, serving 1 side Room-exit travel 30.5 m
1.22 m, serving 2 sides Point in sleeping room-exit travel 15.25 m
Area of refuge Storeys > 5
+ 0.25 m per meter to exit
Compartment, for sleeping Children < 6
Cross aisle width Widest aisle + 0.50 (other
Compartment fire resistance 1 hour
aisles)
Compartment door width 0.91 m, new
Deadend aisle length 6.1 m, or
0.8125 m, existing
5 rows from cross aisle
Compartment door fire resistance 20 minutes
Smoke/heat detector spacing 9 moc,
Railings 4.6 m from wall
Box, balcony, gallery railing height 0.66 m
Aisle end railing height 0.76 m
Aisle end railing height, foot of steps 0.91 m
Cross aisle railing height 0.66 m

Stage, Enclosed Platform

Automatic fire suppression Area > 46.5 sqm
Ventilators 5% of area
Auxiliary stage space to door 15.25 m
Auxiliary stage space to exit 2 doors,
23 m travel distance,
6 m common path of travel
Proscenium opening 2 sqm

Motion Picture Screens, Stage Curtains, Drapes

Fire alarm OL ≤ 300, manual
OL > 300, auto

Elevators
Fire emergency use Storeys > 3

Exhibition, Display
Fire suppression, auto Area > 1392 sqm
Fire resistance rating in storage 2 hours

BUILDING LAWS 16
HEALTH CARE OCCUPANCIES DETENTION AND CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES

Occupant Load Groups

Area Sqm per person Condition I Free egress Sleeping areas  exterior
Sleeping department 11.1 Condition II Zoned egress Sleeping areas  smoke
Inpatient treatment department 22.3 compartment
Condition III Zoned Impeded Sleeping areas  remote-
Exits egress controlled release from smoke
compartment
Room door-exit travel 30 m
Condition IV Impeded egress Remote controlled release from
Point in room-exit travel 46 m sleeping areas
Point in sleeping room-room door 15 m Condition V Contained Staff controlled manual release
travel from sleeping areas
Increase in travel distance 15 m, w/ sprinkler
Corridor, ramp, exit access width 2.44 m, in hospital, nursing
1.83 m, in residential-custodial Occupant Load
Number of exits 2 doors, Area Sqm per person
If area > 93 sqm Detention, correctional facilities 11.1
Deadend 6m
Subdivided room area 465 sqm Exits
Door width 1.12 m, in hospital, nursing Number of exits 2
0.91 m, in residential-custodial Common path 30 m
Horizontal exit 2.8 sqm/occupant, Room door-exit 30 m
In hospital, nursing Point in room-exit 46 m
Point in sleeping room-room door 10 m
1.4 sqm/occupant,
Courtyard size 15 m from building
In residential-custodial
Courtyard area 1.4 sqm
Horizontal exit door Pair, 1.055 m each
If corridor width > 2.4 m Subdivision provision OL > 50
Smoke compartment area 2100 sqm Subdivision options Smoke compartments,
2-hour fire resistance,
Smoke compartment length 46 m
14 sqm open area,
Smoke compartment provision 2.8 sqm/litter patient
15 m open area
0.5 sqm/occupant
Smoke partition openings 1.12 m, in hospital, nursing
0.81 m, in residential-custodial
Smoke door vision panel 0.46 sqm Hazardous Area Protection
Corridor wired glass 0.84 sqm Not incident to resident housing 2 hours
Waiting area open to corridor 23 sqm, in institutional sleeping Boiler, heater rooms 1 hour
56 sqm, in other floors Central, bulk laundries > 9.3 sqm
Padded cells
Soiled linen rooms
Storages > 9.3 sqm, combustible
Trash collection rooms
Commercial cooking equipment See FCP 3.601
Commissaries Smoke resistant
Employee locker rooms
Handicraft shops
Maintenance shops
Storages > 4.6 sqm, combustible

Exits
Room door-exit 45 m
Point in room-exit 60 m
Smoke compartment 0.56 sqm/occupant

BUILDING LAWS 17
RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCY MERCANTILE

Classification Occupancy Subclassification

Hotel Sleeping accommodation > 15 Class Storeys Area
Dormitories Group sleeping accommodation, A >3 ≥ 2787 sqm
Not same family B <3 287 – 2787 sqm
Apartments Living units > 3 C <3 ≤ 278 sqm
With cooking + bathroom
Lodging and rooming Sleeping accommodations < 15 Occupant Load
houses
Area Sqm per person
Single and 2-family Detached dwellings,
dwellings Same family Street floor 2.8
Floors below street 2.8
Floors accessible to street 3.7
HOTELS AND DORMITORIES
Upper floors 5.6
Office, storage, shipping 9.3
Occupant Load
Area Sqm per person Exits
Except single and 2-family 18.6 Travel distance 30 m
dwellings 46 m, w/ auto FSS

Exits
Point in room-room door 15.25 m BUSINESS
Room door-exit 30 m
Point in guest room-room door 23 m, w/o sprinklers
38 m, w/ sprinklers Occupant Load
Corridor width 1.12 m Area Sqm per person
Common path of travel 10 m Business 9.3
Deadends 6m
Exits
APARTMENT BUILDINGS Corridor width 1.12 m
Travel distance 46 m, w/o sprinkler
Exits 61 m, w/ sprinkler
Sprinkler system 15+ storeys
Corridor width 1.12 m, OL > 50
0.91 m, OL < 50
Point in unit-unit door 15.5 m
Unit door-exit 31 m, w/o sprinklers INDUSTRIAL
46.5 m, w/ spinklers
Row apartment partition 4 hours, Occupancy Subclassification
1 m above roof ridge
General Industrial
Fire detection, auto Units > 12,
Storeys > 4 Special Purpose Industrial
High Hazard Industrial
Open Industrial
SINGLE AND 2-FAMILY DWELLINGS
Occupant Load
Exits
Area Sqm per person
Window width 560 mm Industrial 9.3
Window height 800 mm
Window sill height 1220 mm FFFL
Exits
Sleeping room exit access width 900 mm
Door width 700 mm Corridor width 1.12 m
Travel distance 31 m, area-exit
46 m, if protected

STORAGE

Exits
Travel distance 23 m, area-exit
30 m, if protected
Travel distance for parking areas 45 m, area-exit
60 m, if protected
91 m, in open floors

MISCELLANEOUS STRUCTURES

RULE XI: PROHIBITED ACTS

RULE XII: FIRE CODE TAXES, FEES, CHARGES, FINES
RULE XIII: ADMINISTRATIVE COURSES OF ACTION
RULE XIV: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

BUILDING LAWS 18
RA 7279: URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND HOUSING ACT BP 220: ECONOMIC AND SOCIALIZED HOUSING
1992 March 24 PROJECTS
2008 IRR
- balance housing development cost or area
- engage in joint venture with government, NGO Scope
- rehab non-performing housing Socialized PhP 450,000 or less
- buy socialized housing bonds by HLURB Economic: low cost level 1 PhP 450,000 to 1.7 M
- provide education, health, livelihood facilities Economic: low cost level 2 PhP 1.7 M to 3 M

- join CMP Certificate of Registration and License to Sell

- donate parcel of land (ex. KNL to UP)
- slum upgrading of CMP parcels Basic Needs
- buy asset backed security by SHFC - water
- solid and liquid waste disposal
- 20% socialized - storm drainage
- 80% open market - power
- movement and circulation
Key Housing Agencies - parks and playgrounds
HUDCC
- planning and technical assistance Site Criteria
- headed by VP - basic needs availability
HLURB HGC NHMFC NHA HDME
- zoning ordinance and land use plan conformity
- planning - promote - secondary - shelter - mobilized - physical suitability
- regulatory sustainable home production for provident - accessibility
- adjudication home mortgage lowest 30% funds for
- quasi- ownership market to of urban shelter
judicial body - provide risk purchase population finance Land Allocation
for land use, coverage mortgage - no fixed saleable-non saleable ratio
development, guarantees originated by
real estate - tax both public
- LGU incentives to and private
training for banks institutions Parks and Playgrounds
CLUP granting
- approve housing SHFC - for 1 ha above
CLUP in development - subsidiary - central
urban cities loans and of NHMFC - non-alienable
- license home - undertake
brokers financing social - area ≥ 100 sqm
- dispute housing
mediator programs Lots/HA Socialized Economic
that cater to
150 and below 3.5% 3.5%
formal and
informal 151-160 4% 4%
sectors in low 161-175 5% 5%
income 176-200 6% 6%
bracket 201-225 7% 7%
226+ 9% 9%

Community Facilities
- for 1 ha above
- preferably beside park

Units Multi- Retail Trike Elem High

purpose center terminal school school
center
10 and below
11-99
100-499 /
500-999 /
1000-1499 /
1500-1999 / / / /
2000-2499 / / / / /
2500-3000 / / / / /

Lots/HA Economic Socialized

150 and below 1% 1%
151-225 1.5% 1.5%
226+ 2% 2%

BUILDING LAWS 19
RROW Utilities
Area (HA) Socialized Economic - deep wells and pumps 300 m apart
Major Collector Minor Major Collector Minor - ground reservoir 25 m from pollutant
2.5 and below 8 6.5 8 6.5
Above 2.5-5 10 6.5 10 6.5
- building water tank for 20% of daily demand
Above 5-10 10 6.5 10 8 6.5
Above 10-15 10 8 6.5 10 8 6.5 Socialized Economic Open market
Above 15-30 10 8 6.5 12 8 6.5 Water supply 150 LCPD or 150 LCPD 150 LCPD
Above 30 12 10 6.5 15 10 6.5 hand pump
*Interconnecting road ≥ 10 m Drainage Lined open canal Underground for Underground and
*Alley width ≥ 2 m major roads lined open canal
*Pathwalk length ≥ 3 m x ≤ 60 m Sewage Individual septic
disposal tank
system
RROW Hierarchy Power supply 1 streetlight at 50 1 streetlight at 50 1 streetlight at 50
- major  collector  minor  motor court  pathwalk m apart m apart m apart

Road Pavement
- 150 mm concrete Ceiling height 2m
Travel distance to stairs 24 m
- 50 mm asphalt
Stairs headroom clearance 2m
- 1.5-9% crown slope Stairs clear width 0.6 m
Tread 0.2 m
Road Intersection Riser 0.25 m
Corner-corner ≥ 20 m Handrail height 0.8-1.2 m
Corner radius 6m Landing-landing height 3.6 m
Cul-de-sac radius 4.5 m Door width 0.8 m, main
Cul-de-sac inner radius d 21 m 0.7 m, service
Cul-de-sac outer radius D 31 m 0.6 m, T&B
Cul-de-sac rectangular 10 x 20 m Door height 2 m, main and service
1.8 m, T&B
Planting Strips Opening area 10% of floor area
RROW Planting Strip Sidewalk 5% of floor area, in T&B
6.5 Optional 0.5 Firewall width 150 mm
8 0.4 0.6
10 0.8 1.2
12 0.8 1.2
Multi-family Dwellings and Condominiums
15 1.3 1.2
- non-residential ≤ 25% of total residential
Block - unit floor area ≥ 18 sqm
- length ≤ 400 m
- if length ≤ 250 m, add 2-m pathwalk/alley Setback
*rowhouse block length ≤ 20 units or 100 sqm Storeys Setback (m)
1-2 2m
3 2.3 m
Lot Area 4 2.6 m
Socialized Economic Medium Open 5 2.9 m
cost market
6 3.2 m
Detached 64 72 100 120
7 3.5 m
Attached 48 54 80 96
Rowhouse 28 36 50 60 8 3.8 m
9 4.1 m
10 4.4 m
Lot Frontage 11 4.7 m
Socialized Economic Medium Open 12 5m
cost market
Detached – corner 8 8 12 12
Detached – regular 8 8 10 10 Storeys Building-building Roof-roof
Detached – irregular 4 4 6 6 distance distance
Detached – interior 3 3 3 3 *blank walls 2m 1m
Attached (duplex) 6 6 8 8 1-2 4m 1.5 m
Rowhouse 3.5 4 4 4 3-4 6m 2m

Setbacks Parking Area

- front = 1.5 m - 1 slot per 8 units
- side and rear = 2 m - off-site parking ok w/in 100 m

Floor Area
Socialized Economic Medium cost Open market
Floor Area 18 22 30 42
18 for single
12 for student

Minimum Level of Completion

- shell house w/ DW for socialized
- complete based on specs for economic

BUILDING LAWS 20
PD 957: SUBDIVISION AND CONDOMINIUM BUYER’S RA 4726: THE CONDOMINIUM ACT
PROTECTIVE DECREE

Master Deed/Declaration of Restrictions

Land Allocation - boundaries of the unit
- 70% saleable - ownership of common areas
- 30% saleable - non-exclusive easement for ingress, egress and support
- refurbishing
Price - right to mortgage, sell
Medium-cost PhP 3 to 4 M
Open market PhP 4+ M
PD 1151: PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
Lot Area
1977 June 6
Socialized Economic Medium Open
cost market
Detached 64 72 100 120 SECTION 1: HARMONY BETWEEN MAN AND NATURE
Attached 48 54 80 96 SECTION 2: GOALS
Rowhouse 28 36 50 60
SECTION 3: RIGHT TO A HEALTHFUL ENVIRONMENT
SECTION 4: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENTS
Lot Frontage
Socialized Economic Medium Open
cost market 1 Name and Address of Project Proponent
Detached – corner 8 8 12 12 2 Type of Project
Detached – regular 8 8 10 10 3 Overview Summary
Detached – irregular 4 4 6 6 4 Project Setting
Detached – interior 3 3 3 3 5 Proposal
Attached (duplex) 6 6 8 8 6 Brief History of Past Environmental Conditions and Description of
Rowhouse 3.5 4 4 4 Existing Environmental and Resource Use
7 Future Environment Conditions without the Project
(5 year projection average)
RROW 8 Prediction and Assessment of Impacts
- interconnecting road ≥ 10 m 9 Contingency Plans
- 3 x 5 m setback at both sides of subdivision entrance 10 Environmental Briefings and Monitoring
11 Mitigation Measures
12 Residual/Unavoidable Impacts
Setbacks 13 Information Deficiencies
- front = 3 m 14 Appendices
- side and rear = 2 m 15 Consultation and Comments Including Public Recommendation

Floor Area Title I: Air Quality Management

Socialized Economic Medium Open Title II: Water Quality Management
market Title III: Land Use Management
Floor Area 18 22 30 42 Title IV: Natural Resources Management and Conservation
18 for single
12 for student Title V: Waste Management
Title VI: Miscellaneous Provisions
Minimum Level of Completion
- complete house TOURISM DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES

Utilities Beach-building 30 m
Lagoon, swamp, mangrove- building 15 m
Socialized Economic Open market
Steep hill-building (18%) 10 m
Water supply 150 LCPD or 150 LCPD 150 LCPD
Steep hill building-building 8x
hand pump
Trail width 0.9-1.8 m, for 15% slope
Drainage Lined open canal Underground for Underground and
2-2.5 m, for steeper slope
major roads lined open canal
Road radius 30 m, for mountain
Sewage Individual septic
100 m, for flat
disposal tank
system Sewage disposal-water well 15 m, for deep well
25 m, for shallow well
Power supply 1 streetlight at 50 1 streetlight at 50 1 streetlight at 50
m apart m apart m apart Building-building x, such that sound ≤ 30 db
Trees to be preserved 4” trunk

Tread 0.25 m
Riser 0.2 m

BUILDING LAWS 21
HERITAGE PRESERVATION RA 1378: PLUMBING LAW OF THE PH
1972 October 17 to November 21, UNESCO, Paris 1955 June 18

Cultural heritage
- monuments NATIONAL PLUMBING CODE
- group of buildings
- sites Fixture Requirements
Type WC: Female WC: Male Urinal Lavatory Shower
Natural heritage Assembly 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 0: 1-9 1 per 40
- physical and biological formations (employee) 2: 16-35 2: 16-35 1: 10-50
3: 36-55 3: 36-55
- geological and physiographical formations Assembly 3: 1-50 1: 1-100 1: 1-100 1: 1-200
- natural sites (public) 4: 51-100 2: 101-200 2: 101-200 2: 201-400
8: 101-200 3: 201-400 3: 201-400 3: 401-750
11: 201-400 4: 401-600 +1 per 500

THE INTERNATIONAL CHARTER FOR THE Dorm, 1 per 8 1 per 10 1 per 25 1 per 12 1 per 8
CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION OF MONUMENTS school,
labor
AND SITES (ICOMOS) Dorm 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 1 per 50 1 per 40 1 per 8
(staff) 2: 16-35 2: 16-35
3: 36-50 3: 36-55
Conservation
- series of technical, legislative, financial, fiscal, educational Hospital 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 0: 1-9 1 per 40
measures to safeguard heritage (employee) 2: 16-35 2: 16-35 1: 10-50
3: 36-55 3: 36-55
Hospital 1 per room 1 per room
Restoration (waiting)
- technical means of intervention Hospital 1 per 8 1 per 10 1 per 20
(ward)

ICOMOS Provisions on Conservation Industrial 1: 1-10 1: 1-10 1 per 10:

- maintenance on permanent basis (employee) 2: 11-25 2: 11-25 1-100
3: 26-50 3: 26-50 1 per 15:
- retaining layout and decoration while making them useful 4: 51-75 4: 51-75 100+
- movement of monuments 5: 76-100 5: 76-100
- movement of integral parts of monuments
Institutional 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 0: 1-9 1 per 40 1 per 8
(employee) 2: 16-35 2: 16-35 1: 10-50
ICOMOS Provisions on Restoration 3: 36-55 3: 36-55
- reveal aesthetic and historical value Institutional 1 per 20 1 per 25 0: 1-9 1 per 40 1 per 8
(public) 1: 10-50
- respect of original materials and authentic documents
- preceded and followed by archaeological, historical study Office, 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 0: 1-9 1 per 40
- use of modern techniques public 2: 16-35 2: 16-35 1: 10-50
building 3: 36-55 3: 36-55
- valid contributions of all periods (employee)
- replacement of missing parts Office, 1: 1-200 1: 1-100 1: 1-100 1: 1-200
- addition of new parts public 2: 201-400 2: 101-200 2: 101-200 2: 201-400
building 3: 401-750 3: 201-400 3: 201-400 3: 401-750
- unity is not the aim! 4: 401-600

Dynamic Restoration Techniques Penal 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 0: 1-9 1 per 40

institution 2: 16-35 2: 16-35 1: 10-50
Anastylosis - reassembly of fallen fragments (employee) 3: 36-55 3: 36-55
Substation - replacing original with replica Penal 1 per cell 1 per cell
Relocation - removal from hazardous to safe place institution
Total protection shed - enclosing a structure (prison)
Traces of time - leaving traces of various periods on face
Projection of extant - showing virtual reality of complete - Restaurant, 1: 1-15 1: 1-50 1 per 50 1 per 40
features original structure pub, 2: 16-35 2: 51-150
lounge 3: 36-55 3: 151-300
Integration - with modern structures
School 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 1 per 50 1 per 40
(staff) 2: 16-35 2: 16-35
3: 36-55 3: 36-55
Nursery 1: 1-20 1: 1-20 1 per 75 1: 1-25
2: 21-50 2: 21-50 2: 26-50
Elementary 1 per 25 1 per 30 1 per 35 1 per 35
Secondary 1 per 25 1 per 30 1 per 35 1 per 35
College 1 per 30 1 per 40 1 per 35 1 per 30 F
1 per 40 M
Worship 1 per 75 1 per 25 1 per 25 1 per 2 WC
(education) 2: 76-125 2: 126-250
3: 126-250
Worship 1 per 75 1 per 150 1 per 150 1 per 2 WC
(principal)

BUILDING LAWS 22
Other Fixture Requirement Notes Fixture Supply Pipe
Drinking 1 per 75 Type Pipe diameter
Fountain - hospital (employee, ward) Drinking fountain 10 mm
- industrial (employee) Lavatory
- institutional (employee, public) WC (flush tank)
- schools (staff, nursery, elementary, secondary, college) Bath tub 13 mm
1 per 75 + 1 per 150 Bidet
- theater, audi, dorm, office, public building OL > 6 Combination sink and tray
1 per storey Dental lavatory
- school, theater, audi, dorm, office, public building
Kitchen sink
Laundry tray 1 per 50
Laundry tray
Slop sink 1 per 100
Shower
Lavatory 1 per 5
Sink (service)
- poisonous, infectious, irritating material skin exposure
Urinal (lip)
Temporary 1 WC per 30
Wash sink
workingmen 1 urinal per 30
facility Fixture branch pipe
Urinal (flush tank) 19 mm
Urinal (stall)
Fixture Units Water service
DFU Fixture Building supply pipe 19 mm
1 Drinking fountain Sill cock
Dental unit/cuspidor Bedpan washer 25 mm
Receptor (floor sink for indirect waste) Urinal (pedestal)
Sink (private bar, 38 mm waste) WC (flushometer valve)
Wash basin (single)
2 Bath tub
Bidet Pipe Thread
Clothes washer (≤ 3) Pipe size Thread length Threads per 25.4 mm
Floor drain 1/8” 3/8” 27
Laundry tub 1/4” 5/8” 18
Shower (single) 3/8”
Sink (residential, 51 mm waste) 1/2" 3/4" 14
Sink (commercial bar, 51 mm waste)
3/4"
Urinal (stall)
1 7/8” 11.5
Urinal (wall mounted: wash out, siphon jet)
Wash basin (sets) 1-1/4” 1
3 Interceptor (grease) 1-1/2”
Receptor (commercial sink) 2
Sink (commercial, industrial, school) 2-1/2” 1-1/2” 8
Sink (service) 3”
Urinal (wall mounted: integral trap) 3-1/2” 1-5/8”
4 Water closet (private) 4
6 Clothes washer (> 3) 5 1-3/4”
Interceptor (sand, auto wash) 6
Sink (clinic, flushing rim)
Urinal (wall mounted: blowout)
Urinal (pedestal) Trap
Water closet (public) Trap diameter Fixture
31 mm Drinking fountain
WSFU: Private Public Fixture 32 mm Dental unit/cuspidor
1 1 Lavatory (dental) 38 mm Bath tub
Lawn sprinkler Bidet
Laundry tub
1 2 Drinking fountain
Receptor (floor sink)
Bar sink
Sink (residential)
Lavatory
Sink (commercial, private bar)
2 4 Bath tub Sink (commercial, industrial, school)
Bidet Urinal (wash out)
Laundry tub Wash basin (sets)
Clothes washer
51 mm Clothes washer
Shower
Floor drain
Sink, dishwasher
Receptor (commercial sink, dishwasher, air washer)
2.5 4 Water closet (economical) Shower
3 5 Hose bibb or sill cock Sink (service)
Water closet (flush tank) Urinal (stall)
6 6 Mobile home Urinal (wall mounted: integral trap)
Urinal (wash down, siphon jet)
Water Closet (Flushometer Valve) 76 mm Interceptor (sand, auto wash)
Mobile home
Diameter Private Public
Sink (clinic, flushing rim)
9.5 mm 1 2 Urinal (wall mounted: blowout)
13 mm 2 4 Urinal (pedestal)
19 mm 4 6 Water closet
25 mm 6 10

Trap Arm
Public Use Trap arm Distance to vent
2 Sink (wash up, each set) diameter
4 Sink (wash up, circular spray) 32 mm 0.76 m
3 Urinal (flush tank) 38 mm 1.07 m
5 Urinal (stall, wall) 51 mm 1.52 m
10 Urinal (pedestal) 76 mm 1.83 m
102 mm + 3.05 m

BUILDING LAWS 23
Trap Loading Plumbing Fees
Pipe diameter FU 1 unit 1 WC 7 PhP
32 mm 1 2 FD 6 PhP
38 mm 3 1 lav 7 PhP
51 mm 4 1 sink 3 PhP
76 mm 6 3 faucets 6 PhP
102 mm + 8 1 SHO 2 PhP
In excess of 1 unit WC 7 PhP
FD 7 PhP
Trap Discharge Capacity lav 3 PhP
L/sec FU sink 3 PhP
0.47 1 faucets 2 PhP
0.5 – 0.95 2 SHO 2 PhP
1 – 1.89 4 Special fixture Slop sink 7 PhP
1.95 – 3.15 6 Bath tub
Grease trap
Garage trap
Grease Trap Urinal 4 PhP
# of fixtures Required flow rate Retention capacity Bidet
connected Dental cuspidor
1 76 L/min 18 kg Gas fired water heater
2 95 L/min 23 kg Bar sink
Soda fountain sink
3 132 L/min 32 kg
Laundry sink
4 189 L/min 45 kg
Lab sink
Drinking fountain 2 PhP
Fixed sterilizer
CO Size Water meter
Septic tank 0-5 cum DC 24 PhP
Pipe size CO size Threads per 25.4 mm 1 cum in excess 7 PhP
38 mm 38 mm 11.5
51 mm
64 mm 64 mm 8
76 mm
102 mm + 89 mm

Vent Size
Max FU Pipe size Max length
1 32 mm 14 m
8 38 mm 18 m
24 57 mm 37 m
48 65 mm 55 m
84 76 mm 65 m
256 102 mm 91 m
600 127 mm 119 m
1580 152 mm 155 m

Airgaps
Opening Not affected by Affected by
sidewalls sidewalls
Lavatory 13 mm 25 mm 38 mm
Sink, laundry tray, 19 mm 38 mm 57 mm
gooseneck bath faucet
Over rim bath filler 25 mm 51 mm 76 mm
Others 15 mm 2x opening 3x opening

Condensate Pipe Diameter

Equipment capacity (TR) Condensate pipe diameter
Through 3 19.1 mm
Through 20 25.4 mm
Through 90 32 mm
Through 125 38 mm
Through 250 51 mm

Sewage Disposal System Location

Building Septic Disposal Seepage
sewer tank field pit
Building 0.6 m 1.5 m 2.4 m 2.4 m
Property line - 1.5 m 1.5 m 2.4 m
Water supply well 15.2 m 15.2 m 30.5 m 45.7 m
Stream 15.2 m 15.2 m 15.2 m 30.5 m
Tree - 3m - 3m
Seepage pit - 1.5 m 1.5 m 3.7 m
Disposal field - 1.5 m 1.2 m 1.5 m
On-site water service 0.3 m 1.5 m 1.5 m 1.5 m
Public water main 3m 3m 3m 3m

BUILDING LAWS 24
Presidential Decrees Executive Orders
PD 772 Penalizing Squatting And Other Similar Acts 1975 EO 90 Creating the Housing and Urban Development Dec 17, 1986
PD 856 Philippine Sanitation Code Dec 23, 1975 Coordinating Council
PD 953 Tree Planting (Requiring the Planting of Trees EO 525 Responsibility of the Public Estate Authority on Feb 14, 1979
in Certain Places and Penalizing Unauthorized Reclamation Projects
Cutting, Destruction, Damaging and Injuring of EO 538 Prescribing the Administration of the Home Jun 4, 1979
Certain Trees, Plants, Vegetation) Development Mutual Funds
PD 957 Condominium and Subdivision Buyers’ Jul 12, 1976 EO 546 Creating a Ministry of Public Works and a Jul 23, 1979
Protective Ministry of Transportation and
PD 984 Pollution Control Decree 1976 Communications
PD 1067 Water Code of the Philippines 1977
PD 1096 National Building Code of the Philippines Feb 19, 1977
Apr 30, 2005
PD 1151 Philippine Environmental Policy 1977
PD 1152 Philippine Environmental Code Jun 6, 1977
PD 1185 Fire Code of the Philippines 1977
PD 1216 Defining Open Spaces in Residential
Subdivisions
PD 1308 Regulating the Practice of Environment
Planning
PD 1586 Establishing Environmental Impact Statement 1978
System
PD 1594 Prescribing Policies, Guidelines, Rules and
Regulations for Government Infrastructure
Contracts
PD 1616 Architectural Guidelines for Intramuros

Republic Acts
RA 49 Intellectual Property Rights
RA 386 Civil Code of the Philippines Jun 18, 1949
RA 544 Civil Engineering Law 1950
RA 545 Original Architecture Law 1950
RA 876 The Arbitration Law Jun 19, 1953
RA 1378 National Plumbing Code of the Philippines Jan 28, 1959
Dec 21, 1999
RA 1581 Architecture Law 1956
RA 3019 Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act 1961
RA 3469 Allowing the Construction of Multi-Storey Jun 16, 1962
Tenement Housing Projects for the Poor and
Homeless
RA 3931 National Water and Air Pollution Control Jun 18, 1964
Commission
RA 4566 Philippine Licensing Board for Contractors Jun 19, 1965
RA 4726 The Condominium Act Jun 18, 1966
RA 6234 Creating the Metropolitan Waterworks and Jun 19, 1971
Sewerage System
RA 6713 Code of Ethical Conduct of a Public Official 1972
and Employees
RA 6541 Original National Building Code of the Aug 26, 1972
Philippines
RA 6552 Real Estate Buyers’ Protective Act Aug 26, 1972
RA 7160 Local Government Code of the Philippines 1991
RA 8293 Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines Jun 22, 1997
Jan 1, 1998
RA 8439 Magna Carta for Scientists, Engineers, & Dec 22, 1997
Researchers in the Government
RA 8763 Home Guarantee Corporation Act Mar 7, 2000
RA 8974 Law on Acquisition of Right-of-Way, Site or Nov 7, 2000
Location for National Government
Infrastructure Projects
RA 8981 Professional Regulation Commission Dec 5, 2000
Modernization Act
RA 9003 Ecological Waste Management Program Law Jan 26, 2001
RA 9053 Philippine Landscape Architecture Act Mar 30, 2001
RA 9263 Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of Jail Mar 10, 2004
Management and Penology
Professionalization Act
RA 9266 Philippine Architecture Law Mar 15, 2004
RA 9286 Latest Amendment to PD198 or Provincial Apr 2, 2004
Water Utilities Act of 1973
RA 9292 Philippine Electronic Engineering Law Apr 17, 2004

Batas Pambansa
BP 220 Standards for Economic and Socialized March 25,
Housing projects 1982
BP 344 Enhancing the Mobility of Disabled Persons Feb 25, 1983
Apr 30, 2005

BUILDING LAWS 25