MODULE PEMANTAPAN ASAS MATEMATIK

ALGEBRA IS TRICKY YET FUN

FACTORISE COMPLETELY
1 common factor
2𝑥𝑥 − 8 8𝑎𝑎 − 2𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 15 − 5𝑏𝑏

16𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 − 2𝑏𝑏 2 4𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 − 8𝑟𝑟 2 + 10𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 2𝑚𝑚𝑘𝑘 2 − 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝑥𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑥 + 9 𝑘𝑘 2 − 4𝑘𝑘 + 4 𝑦𝑦 2 − 10𝑦𝑦 + 25

(x+a)^2 =
x^2+2ax+a^2

𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 − 2 𝑥𝑥 2 − 5𝑥𝑥 + 6 4𝑥𝑥 2 − 8𝑥𝑥 − 5

3𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 − 6 5𝑥𝑥 2 − 25𝑥𝑥 + 30 16𝑥𝑥 2 − 32𝑥𝑥 − 20

Need to simplify first,

then factorize

3𝑥𝑥 2 − 10𝑥𝑥 + 8 6𝑥𝑥 2 + 7𝑥𝑥 − 5 5𝑥𝑥 2 − 13𝑥𝑥 − 6

(3x-4)(x-2) (2x-1)(3x+5) (5x+2)(x-3)

NURUL FATIHAH MOHD RAZALI 1

Factorise completely Completing the
square
𝑥𝑥 2 − 1 100 − 𝑎𝑎2 4𝑎𝑎2 − 𝑏𝑏 2

𝑚𝑚2 − 25 6𝑥𝑥 2 − 48 9𝑥𝑥 2 − 16𝑦𝑦 2

General factor of 2
terms

𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 − 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 − 10𝑛𝑛 + 10𝑝𝑝 6𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 2𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 − 12𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 − 4𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 − 𝑘𝑘 2 − 4𝑚𝑚 + 4𝑘𝑘

NURUL FATIHAH MOHD RAZALI 2

 ALGEBRAIC FORMULAE
Make the letter in square brackets as the subject 2 STEP SOLUTION

𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 𝑦𝑦 ; [𝑥𝑥] 𝑣𝑣 = 𝑢𝑢 + 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ; [𝑡𝑡] 8 + 4𝑥𝑥 = 𝑦𝑦 ; [𝑥𝑥]

−4𝑥𝑥 = 𝑦𝑦 ; [𝑥𝑥] 8 − 4𝑝𝑝 = 𝑞𝑞 ; [𝑝𝑝] 8𝑚𝑚 − 2𝑛𝑛 = −4 ; [𝑛𝑛]

2 STEP SOLUTION :
INVOLVE -VE SIGN

NURUL FATIHAH MOHD RAZALI 3

 2 2 4
= 𝑦𝑦 ; [𝑥𝑥] = 𝑦𝑦 ; [𝑥𝑥] = 3 − 𝑦𝑦 ; [𝑥𝑥]
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 − 2 𝑥𝑥 − 5

Involve fraction

𝑎𝑎
= 𝑐𝑐
𝑏𝑏
𝑎𝑎
𝑏𝑏 =
𝑐𝑐

4 𝑦𝑦 2𝑦𝑦 + 4 2
3 𝑦𝑦 = ; [𝑦𝑦] = ; [𝑥𝑥]
Involve fraction = ; [𝑥𝑥] 𝑥𝑥 − 2 5 𝑥𝑥 3
𝑥𝑥 5
𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐
=
𝑏𝑏 𝑑𝑑
𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏

NURUL FATIHAH MOHD RAZALI 4

 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦 3 − 𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
= 2 ; [𝑥𝑥] = ; [𝑚𝑚] 𝑀𝑀 + 𝑦𝑦 1
𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦 3 2 � = ; [𝑦𝑦]
𝑀𝑀 − 𝑦𝑦 3
Involve fraction and
factorization
(if unknown appears
twice)
6 − 2𝑚𝑚 = 3𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
3𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 2𝑚𝑚 = 6
𝑚𝑚(3𝑛𝑛 + 2) = 6
6
𝑚𝑚 =
3𝑛𝑛 + 2

2𝑛𝑛 3 𝑤𝑤
= 2𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 − 𝑡𝑡 = ; [𝑡𝑡] �𝑦𝑦 4𝑥𝑥 − 1
𝑛𝑛 3𝑡𝑡 = ; [𝑥𝑥]
√𝑚𝑚 − 1 3 𝑥𝑥

NURUL FATIHAH MOHD RAZALI 5

 𝑥𝑥 10 𝑦𝑦
+ 𝑦𝑦 = 2 ; [𝑥𝑥] + 25 = 𝑐𝑐 ; [𝑑𝑑] 11 − = 𝑥𝑥 ; [𝑦𝑦]
5 𝑑𝑑 3
𝑎𝑎
+ 𝑐𝑐 = 𝑑𝑑
𝑏𝑏
𝑎𝑎
+ 𝑐𝑐 − 𝑐𝑐 = 𝑑𝑑 − 𝑐𝑐
𝑏𝑏
𝑎𝑎
× 𝑏𝑏 = (𝑑𝑑 − 𝑐𝑐) × 𝑏𝑏
𝑏𝑏
𝑎𝑎 = 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 − 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏

4(𝑥𝑥 − 5) = 𝑦𝑦 ; [𝑥𝑥] 2 − 3(𝑚𝑚 − 7) = −𝑘𝑘 ; [𝑚𝑚] 𝑊𝑊 = 8 + 3(𝑘𝑘 − 1) ; [𝑘𝑘]

Expand and collect

like te

NURUL FATIHAH MOHD RAZALI 6

Make the letter in square brackets as the subject

�𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏 2 = 𝑥𝑥 2 ; [𝑎𝑎] 𝑃𝑃
𝑑𝑑 𝐽𝐽 = 𝐾𝐾 �1 + � ; [𝑝𝑝]
𝑡𝑡 = 2� ; [𝑔𝑔] 100
𝑔𝑔

𝑄𝑄 𝑏𝑏 + 𝑦𝑦
𝑚𝑚(𝑡𝑡 + 𝑛𝑛) = 𝑅𝑅 ; [𝑥𝑥] 𝑎𝑎 − 𝑦𝑦 = ; [𝑦𝑦]
� = 𝑝𝑝 ; [𝑡𝑡] 𝑃𝑃 − 𝑥𝑥 𝑎𝑎
𝑡𝑡

NURUL FATIHAH MOHD RAZALI 7

SIMPLIFYING ALGEBRAIC FRACTION
Express the following as a single fraction in its simplest form
4𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 + 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 2𝑥𝑥 + 6 𝑦𝑦 2 − 9
× ×
2𝑟𝑟 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑦𝑦 − 3 2(𝑥𝑥 + 3)2

5𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 2𝑦𝑦 4 − 2𝑦𝑦

÷ 2 ÷
𝑞𝑞 + 𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛 − 𝑞𝑞 2 𝑦𝑦 2 − 4 𝑦𝑦 + 2

9 − 4𝑘𝑘 2 3 − 2𝑘𝑘 2𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 4𝑛𝑛 6𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

÷ ÷
𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝3 9 − 𝑛𝑛2 3 − 𝑛𝑛

NURUL FATIHAH MOHD RAZALI 8

Simplifying Algebraic Terms (Involve +/-)
3𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑦) − (3𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦) (𝑎𝑎 + 2𝑏𝑏)2 − (𝑎𝑎2 − 𝑏𝑏 2 )

3𝑟𝑟(𝑟𝑟 + 𝑠𝑠) − (𝑟𝑟 − 3𝑠𝑠)2 (2𝑚𝑚 + 𝑛𝑛)(𝑚𝑚 − 𝑛𝑛) − (𝑚𝑚 + 𝑛𝑛)2 =

2 𝑝𝑝 + 9𝑞𝑞 𝑛𝑛 + 2 𝑛𝑛 − 3
− 2 −
𝑝𝑝 − 3𝑞𝑞 𝑝𝑝 − 9𝑞𝑞 2 𝑚𝑚 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛

NURUL FATIHAH MOHD RAZALI 9