CDI-7

VICE AND DRUG

EDUCATION AND
CONTROL

Name of Student:
BSCRIMINOLOGY- 3
Course/Year/Section:
ESTILITA O. LASTRA|09120971410
Instructor/Contact No.:

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 Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the lesson, the students must be able to:

1. Appreciate the legal aspects of drug education and drug law enforcement
2. Describe fully the adverse effects of drugs towards the individual the environment and the public;
3. Explain the causes and influences of drug abuse
4. Understand the basic identification, classification and effect of dangerous drugs;
5. Identify the treatment and rehabilitation approaches against drug abuse;
6. Realize the control of drugs and its related vices;

Description of the lesson

This module covers the study of drug abuse prevention and control program of the government that
includes the recognition of the nature and extent of the drug problem in the society. The causes, influences
and origin or history of its spread, drug identification and their properties and its classification.

Note: Return only your Learning outputs to me, your Modules/learning materials are all yours.

DRUG ADDICTIONS – A state of periodic or chronic (continuous) intoxication (drunk) detrimental to

individual and to the society produced by the repeated consumption of drugs (WHO)

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 Module 1: Introduction
Pre-lesson activity
Lesson I- The nature and history of drug abuse

Name: ________________________________________________ Year & Section: _________________

Instruction: Write your answer on the space provided.

1. What do you understand about drugs?
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2. What is a line drawn between drugs, illegal drugs and dangerous drugs?
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3. Give atleast 3 examples of dangerous drugs. Discuss each.

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 Abstraction Module 1: Introduction
Lesson I- The nature and history of drug abuse
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND:
Islamic Law (Sharia) - it is the earliest recorded law in the old world which pertains to the prohibition of the use of
alcohol, which is usually attributed to passages in the Quoran purportedly dating from the 17th century.
1484 Fiat Pope Innocent VIII- Drug Abuse– banned the use of cannabis in Arabs. Religious intolerance was also the
driving force for drug prohibition in Christian Europe. At the time of the crusades, the Arabs were using marijuana.

In Northern Europe, the Protestants have passed drug laws motivated by religious prejudice. The 1516
Reinheitsgebot, which stipulates that beer may only contain water, barley and hops was a manifestation of
Protestant intolerance about drugs and the Catholic Church. Not like the commonly stimulating herbal blends
widely used at that time, hops cause sedation and reduce libido. The exclusive use of hops had been obligatory in
France since 1268.
After the Spanish American War, the United States inherited Spain’s Opium monopoly in the Philippines.
Growing domestic concerns and international pressure led the United States to participate in the First
International Drug Conference held in Shanghai, China in 1908 and the Hague Convention in 1912, measures were
adopted.

In 1875- San Francisco California, enacted an ordinance which banned the smoking of opium in opium
dens.

Cocaine was prohibited in the first part of the 20th century. This was followed by the Harrison Act, passed
in 1914, which required sellers of opiates and cocaine to procure license. Originally intended to require paper
trails of drug transactions between doctors, drug stores and patients, it soon became prohibitive law.

The prohibition of alcohol commenced in Finland in 1919 and the United States 1920. In Sweden a
referendum in 1922 decided against an alcohol prohibition law, but starting in 1914 and until 1955 Sweden
employed an alcohol rationing system with personal ration record book which is known as “MOTBOK”.
In the Philippines, the signing of the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972 by President Ferdinand E Marcos
marked the government assurance to strict policy against drug abuse. The act was subsequently amended through
Presidential Degree No. 44. Dangerous Drug Board was created to implement the provisions of the Dangerous Drug
Act as the national policy making body and deal with other related matters on drug abuse prevention and control.

In 1974, the Inter Agency Committee on Drug Prevention Education was created and played vital role in the
integration of drug abuse prevention concepts in social actions programs.

In 1979, the first International nongovernmental organization conference was held in Jakarta, Indonesia,
followed by the second which was held from November 3 to 8, 1980 at Manila. After the second conference, the
Philippine council of Nongovernmental Organization was organized.

In 1988 the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic
Substances was held further bolstering anti-drug laws.

The Nature of Drugs, Its Uses, Application and Effects:

OPIUM – obtained from a female poppy plant known as “Papaver Somniferum” which was known to be cultivated
in lower Mesopotamia long ago as 3400 BC. In De Medicina (30 AD), Aulus Cornelius Celsus specified
various uses for “Poppy Tears” as an emollient for painful joints and anal crevices, in anodynes pills
promoting relief of pain through sleep.
OPIUM PREPARATION: The smoking of opium does not involve the burning of the material as might be
imagined. The prepared opium is indirectly heated to temperature at which active alkaloids,
mainly Morphine, are vaporized.
OPIUM CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS:
Opium includes two groups of alkaloids:

 Phenanthrenes(including Morphine and Codeine) and

 Benzylisoquinolines (including Papaverine).

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 OPIUM MEDICAL USES: Opium has been a major commodity of trade centuries, due to the fact that it has
long been use as a painkiller and sedative.
MARIJUANA - A mind altering substance produced from cannabis sativa, it is used because its primary active
chemical Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) induces relaxation and heightens the senses.
CANNABIS is prepared for human consumption in different forms:
Marijuana or Ganja- the leaves and flowering tops of female plants.
Hashish or Charas- a concentrated resin composed of glandular trichomes and vegetative debris that has
been physically extracted usually by rubbing, sifting or with ice.
Kif or Kief – the chopped flowering tops of female cannabis plants, often mixed with tobacco, Moroccan
hashish produced in the Rif Mountains.
Sifted cannabis trichomes consisting of only the glandular heads often incorrectly referred to as
“Crystals or Pollen”
CANNABIS is prepared for human consumption in different forms:
Bhang- a beverage prepared by grinding cannabis leaves in milk and boiling with spices and other
ingredients.
Hash Oil- an oily mixture resulting from chemical extraction or distillation of the
THC- rich part of the plant.
Budder- hash oil whipped to incorporate air, making it more like butter.
There are wide array of methods and apparatus in smoking cannabis:
The Joint, The Blunt, The Hookah, The Bong, the Waterfall, The Pipe, the Shotgun, The Chillum and The
One-Hitter or Bat. The Classic BONG is a tube with a small bowl at the end of a thinner tube
inserted through the side near the base. The One Hitter is a contrivance that allows the small
amount of cannabis to be burned and inhaled in a single breath.
COCAINE- It is a stimulant of the central nervous system and an appetite suppressant, giving rise to what has been
described as a euphoric sense of happiness and increased energy. It is a quick acting drug whose affects
are rapid from the time of intake. It is legally used in medicine as a topical anesthetic, specifically in the
eye, nose and throat surgery. It is a crystalline propane alkaloid that is derived from the leaves of the coca
plant known as “Erythroxylon”
COCAINE- The first medical used of cocaine was discovered by ALEXANDER BENNET in 1873 as an
anesthetic. In 1879, cocaine was used to treat morphine addiction. In 1884, cocaine was
introduced into clinical use as anesthetic in Germany. In 1970, cocaine gained popularity as a
recreational drug, the Medellin and Cali Cartel were founded in Colombia to meet the new
demand for cocaine. The Cali Cartel became the number one cocaine trafficker after the death of
PABLO ESCOBAR, the founder of the Medellin Cartel who was killed by the police in late 1993.

MORPHINE- It is a strong opiate analgesic drug and is the principal active agent in opium. It acts directly on the
central nervous system relieving pain. It is claim to be the six (6) times more potent than opium. It is
administered into the body by means of injection. It is use legally as an analgesic in hospital setting for
pain after surgery and pain associated with trauma.
HEROIN- It is Also known as Diacetylmorphine, is a semi synthetic opioid. It mimics endorphins and creates a
sense of wellbeing upon entering the bloodstream usually through intravenous injection. It is widely used
as an illegal drugs for its intense euphoria, which often disappears with increase tolerance.

CODEINE- Methylmorphine is an opiate used for its analgesic, antitussive and antidiarrheal properties. It is
marketed as the salt codeine sulfate and codeine phosphate. It is also often used as recreational drugs.
This is primarily because of its easy availability over the counter or on prescription in combination
products.
SHABU- Methamphetamine was discovered in Japan in 1919. This crystalline powder is solute in water making it
an ideal drug for injection. During World War II, the drugs was used as stimulants for combat soldiers.
After the war it was regarded as a cure all for treatment in mild depression and a good weight control
substance. In the mid 80’s it was introduced in the Philippines and has gained popularity not only in an
urban areas but as well rural communities. It is also regarded as poor man’s cocaine.

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ECSTACY- In 1912 MDMA or Methylenedioxymetamphetamine was developed in Germany as an appetite
depressant by the pharmaceutical company Merck. During the late 1970 psychiatrists and psychologist
used the drugs as treatment for emotional and psychological disorders. Among the youth users referred it
as the “sex drugs”. In its purest forms it is crystalline substance white powder with mastic odor.

Module 1: Introduction
Application
Lesson I- The nature and history of drug abuse

Name: ____________________________________ Course & Year: _________________________

Instruction: Write your answer in the space provided. Please avoid erasure and write legibly.

1. Based on what you’ve learned, what is the difference between marijuana and shabu as to their respective
effects?

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2. What are the effects of using cocaine?

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 Module 1: Introduction
Pre-lesson activity Lesson 2- Global Drug Scene

Name: ________________________________________________ Year & Section: _________________

Instruction: Write your answer on the space provided.

1. What can you say about drug situation in the world?
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2. Based on your knowledge, what are the drug cartels that have been operating illegal drug activities in the
world?
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 Abstraction Module 1: Introduction
Lesson 2- Global Drug Scene

Drug Cartel

It is any criminal organization with the intention of supplying drug trafficking operations. They
range from loosely managed agreements among various drug traffickers to formalized commercial
enterprises.

Mule
A lower-echelon criminal, recruited by a smuggling organization to cross border carrying
drugs, or sometimes drugs are planted to no knowing person or vehicle for the purpose of retrieving
the drugs elsewhere.
What are the two primary means of distribution of Dangerous Drugs?
 Hub and Spoke
 Hierarchy

Differentiate Drug Trafficking and Drug Smuggling

1. Drug Trafficking (illegal drug trade) - it is a global market activity consisting of cultivation, production,
distribution, packaging, and sale of illegal psychoactive substance.

2. Drug Smuggling- it is the illegal transportation of dangerous drugs, plants source of dangerous drugs,
Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals from one place to another, or across border or from
one country to another.

World’s most Famous DRUG CARTELS

 Columbian Medellin cartel- worlds known drug syndicate in 1980s, responsible for organizing
world’s drug trafficking network founded by: (Pablo Escobar Gaviria and drug bosses Jose Gonzalo
Rodriguez Gacha and the top aid cocaine barons Juan David and the Ochoa Brothers)
 Cali Cartel- another drug cartel based in the south part of Columbia, around the city of Cali. According
to some estimates as its height the Cali cartel controlled 80% of the cocaine exports from Columbia
to the United States. Founded by Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela founded the Cali cartel in the 1970’s with
his brother Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela, Jose Santa Cruz Londono and Helmer “Pacho” Herrera.
- “ Los Pepes”
 Norte del Valle Cartel or North Valley Cartel -1990s, operate in north valley del Cauca
region of Columbia. Founded by Diego Leon Montoya “Don Diego”, Wilber Varela, Hernando Gomez
Bustamante.

First important Drug Traffic Route

Second Major Drug Traffic Route (GOLDEN TRIANGLE)

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 THAILAND

LAOS MYANMAR (BURMA)

Produced approximately 60 % of OPIUM in the world, 90% in eastern part of Asia

Drugs that Originates from (GOLDEN CRESCENT)

A- Afghanistan

P- Pakistan

I- Iran

I- India

Produced opium, MJ and heroin in western Part of Asia, 85% - 90% of illicit heroin channeled in drug underworld
market

Dangerous Drugs Classified according to its effects

 Depressants/downers - depresses the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

 Stimulants/uppers - stimulates the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
 Hallucinogens/ psychedelic- mind altering or mood
 Distortion


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 Module 1: Introduction
Application Lesson 2- Global Drug Scene

Name: ____________________________________ Course & Year: _________________________

Instruction: Write your answer in the space provided. Please avoid erasure and write legibly.
1. What are the famous drug cartels in the world? Discuss each.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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2. Differentiate drug trafficking and drug smuggling?
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3. What is the purpose of creating drug traffic route and its effects to drug cartels and law enforcement force?

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4. Site examples of depressant, stimulant, hallucinogens.

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 Module 1: Introduction
Pre-lesson activity
Lesson 3- Narcotic Identities, Influences, Causes, & Effects

Name: ________________________________________________ Year & Section: _________________

Instruction: Write your answer on the space provided.
1. What do you understand about narcotics?
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2. Give atleast three narcotics?

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Module 1: Introduction
Abstraction Lesson 3- Narcotic Identities, Influences, Causes, & Effects

Legal Classification of DD under RA 6425 of 1972

1. Prohibited Drugs
a. Narcotics
b. Stimulants- group of drugs as cocaine alpha and beta eucaine
c. Hallucinogens
2. Regulated Drugs
a. Barbiturates
b. Hypnotics – mandrax, Quaalude, fadormir etc…
c. Amphetamines- Benzedrine, Dexedrine, ephedrine, preluden etc…
3. Volatile Substance
(P.D. 1619)- group of solid, liquid, or mixed substance having the property of releasing toxic vapor
or fumes that produced the desired effect of the user.
(Nota bene: by the advent of RA 9165 declassified)

Narcotics - potent pain reliever and produce profound sleep or stupor.

Opium (Papaver Somniferum)

 3- 6ft. in height.
 First harvested in Mesopotamia
 Meconic Acid- the analgesic property

MORPHINE
 effective pain killer
 six times (6) more potent than opium

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Heroin
3 to 5 times more powerful than morphine (the most addictive of all drugs)
Codeine - one of the derivative of opium and is widely abused by youth because easy to obtain, one of the
ingredient in cough syrup.

Paregoric - a tincture of opium in combination of camphor. It is used to control diarrhea in adults and
children, as an expectorant and cough medicine, to calm fretful children, and to rub on the gums to
counteract the pain from teething.

Demerol and methadone

 synthetic drugs with morphine like effects tranquilizer
 a drug that calm, relax and diminished anxiety. Used in treatment of nervous state and in some mental
disorders w/o producing sleep.

Barbiturates
Used in inducing sleep in persons suffering anxiety, mental stress, and insomnia. Used for treatment of
epilepsy and hypertension cases.
Volatile solvents - inhalant drugs

Alcohol - “king of all drugs”

STIMULANTS (Uppers)

They produce effects opposite to that of depressants. Instead of bringing about relaxation and sleep, they
produce increased mental alertness, wakefulness, reduce hunger, and provide a feeling of wellbeing.
1. Amphetamine - used medically for weight reducing in obesity, relief of mild depression and treatment.
2. Cocaine- the drug taken from the coca bush plant (Erythroxylon Coca). It is usually in the form of
powder that can be taken orally, injected or sniffed as to achieve euphoria or an intense feeling
of “highness”. “The strongest among all type of stimulants.
3. Caffeine - it is present in coffee, tea, chocolate, cola drinks, and some wakeup pills.
4. Shabu or “poor man’s cocaine” - chemically known as methamphetamine hydrochloride. It is a central
nervous system stimulant and sometimes called “upper” or “speed”. It is white, colourless crystal
or crystalline powder with a bitter numbing taste. It can be taken orally, inhaled (snorted),
sniffed (chasing the dragon) or injected.
5. Nicotine - an active component in tobacco which acts as a powerful stimulants of the central nervous
system. A drop of pure nicotine can easily kill a person.
Hallucinogens (Psychedelic)

These are mind-altering drugs, which distort reality, thinking and perceptions of time, sound, space and
sensation. The user experiences hallucination (false perception).

1. Marijuana
The effects of marijuana include a feeling of grandeur. It can also produce the opposite effect, a
dreamy sensation of time seeming to stretch out.
2. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)

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 - This drug is the most powerful of the psychedelics obtain from ergot, a fungus that attacks rye
kernels. LSD is 1,000 times more powerful than marijuana. This causes perceptual changes so the user sees
color, shapes or objects more intensely than the normal and may have hallucinations of things that are not
real. The users may experience “scent” of music and sounds in “color”.

3. Peyote
- It is derived from the surface part of a small Gray brown cactus. Peyote emits a nauseating
odor and its user suffers from nausea. This drug causes no physical dependence and therefore, no withdrawal
symptoms, although in some cases psychological dependence has been noted.
4. Mescaline
- it is alkaloid hallucinogen extracted from the peyote cactus and can also be synthesized in the
laboratory. It produces less nausea than peyote and shows effects resembling those LSD although milder in
nature.
- Mescaline does not cause physical dependence.

5. STP (Serenity, Tranquillity, and Peace)

- it is a take-off on the motor oil additive. It is a chemical derivative of mescaline claimed to
produce more violent and longer effects than mescaline dose. It is less potent than LSD although its effects
are similar to those psychedelics.
6. Psilocybin
- This hallucinogenic alkaloid from small Mexican mushrooms are used by Mexican Indians
today. These mushrooms induced nausea, muscular relaxation, mood changes with visions of bright colours
and shapes, and other hallucinations..
7. Morning Glory Seeds
- the black and brown seeds of the wild tropical morning glory are used to produce
hallucinations. Prolonged psychosis is also one of its effects.
Characteristics of Drug Addiction
 Uncontrollable craving - the addicts feels compulsive craving to take drugs repeatedly and by
all means try to procure the same.
 Tolerance
 Addiction
 Physical Dependence
 Psychological dependence
 Withdrawal Syndrome- first, nervous & restless; after about 12 hours, sweating begins, watery
eyes and nose continuously for another 12 hours; followed by vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite
and sleep, respiration, blood pressure, and temperature rises continuously up to 3 days.

How drug addiction is acquired

 Association - look for peer groups where he feels being wanted and accepted.
 Experimentation - try or explore due to “curiosity”.
 Inexperienced Doctors- unnecessarily prescription of drugs.
 Habituation
 Toleration
 dependence

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Primary causes of drug abuse (“seven deadly sins”)
P-
A-

L-

G-

G-

E-

L-

Group Classification of Drug Users

1) Situational
2) Spree users - school age users who take drugs for adventure or for fun.
3) Hard core addicts - activities revolve almost around drug experience
4) Hippies – believe that drug is an integral part of life.

The General Effects

As to the Physical Effects:
• Malnutrition- the life of an addict revolves around drug use. He misses even his regular meals.
He losses appetite and eventually develops malnutrition.
• Skin infections and skin rashes- oftentimes the drug abuser neglects his personal hygiene, uses
unsterilized needles and syringes that result in skin infections or even ulceration at
the sites of the needle puncture.. Infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis,
bronchitis, bronchial asthma, viral hepatitis, sequel of drug abuse . HIV/AIDS will
be acquired also.

As to psychological effects:
The abuse of drugs can bring many psychological malfunctions such as the following:
• Deterioration of personality with impaired emotional maturation.
• Impairment of adequate mental function.
• Loss of drive and ambition.
• Development of psychosis and depression.
• Loss of interest to study.
• Laziness, lethargy, boredom, and restlessness.
• Irritability, rebellious attitude.
• Withdrawn forgetfulness.
As to the social effects:
The drug abuser may also experience social dysfunction such as the following:
• Deterioration of interpersonal relationship and development of conflict with authority.
• Commission of crimes.
• Social maladjustment; loss of desire to work, study and participate in activities or to face
challenges.
As to mental effects
Its mental effect would be deterioration of the mind. The dependent is a mental invalid in the
sense that drugs can manipulate him, make him lose his power, and prod him to behave contrary to
what he usually think is right.
This drugs are essentially reality modifiers, which create a masked since of wellbeing by either
dulling or distorting sensory perception and providing temporary means of escape of personal
difficulties, either real or imaginary.

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As to the economic effect
Some economic problems are encountered due to drug abuse like:
• Inability to hold stable job.
 Dependence of family resources.
 Accident in industry.

On the depressant
Narcotics – narcotic drugs produces lethargy and drowsiness.
The user scratches self frequently, loss of appetite, sniffles, running nose, red watery eyes, and
coughing which disappears when user gets a “Fix”.

Barbiturates/Tranquilizers – symptoms of alcohol intoxication without odor or alcohol on

breath, staggering, stumbling, falling asleep, unexplainably, drowsiness, may appear disoriented,
lack of interest in school and family activities.

Volatile solvents – there is unusual odor of substance on breath and clothes. Plastics or paper
bags or rags, containing dry plastic cement or other solvent, found at home or in locker at school
or at work. Obvious slurred speech.

Amphetamines/Cocaine/Speed/Uppers – drugs categorized as speed or upper can give the following symptoms
of abuse:
• Pupils may be dilated
• Mouth and nose dry, bad breath; licks lips frequently
• Goes long periods without eating or sleeping; nervous; has difficulty sitting still
• Chain smoking
• If injecting drug, user may have hidden eye droppers and needles among possessions

Shabu – use of the drug Methamphetamine Hydrochloride can give the following symptoms of abuse:
• Produces elevations of mood, heightened alertness and increased energy
• Some individuals may become anxious, irritable or loquacious
• Causes decreased appetite and insomnia

Marijuana – smoking of this kind of drug the user can experience the following symptoms:
• May appear animated with rapid, loud talking and bursts of laughter
• Sleepy or stupors
• Pupils are dilated
• Odor(similar to burnt rope) on clothing or breath
• Remnants of marijuana, either loose or in partially smoked ‘joints” in clothing or possessions

LSD/STP/DMT
• User usually sits or reclines quietly in a dream or trance – like state
• User may become fearful and experience a degree of terror which makes him attempt to escape
from his group
• Senses of sight, hearing, touch, body image and time are distorted
• Mood and behavior are affected, the manner depending upon emotional and environmental
condition of the user

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 Danger of abuse of the dangerous drug

On the depressants

Users of depressants drugs may suffer the following:

• Death due to respiratory arrest.

• In large doses can cause respiratory depression and coma, the combination of depressant and
alcohol can multiply the effect of the drugs, thereby multiplying the risks.
• Babies born to mothers who abuse depressants during pregnancy may be physically dependent
on the drug and show withdrawal symptom shortly after they are born. Birth
defects and behavioral problems may also result.

On the stimulants
Users of stimulants may suffer the following:
• Death due to infections, high blood pressures.
• Extremely high doses can cause a rapid or irregular heartbeat, tremors, loss of coordination,
and even physical collapse.

Shabu
• Overdose leads to chest pains, hypertension, acute psychotic reaction, convulsions and death
due to cardiac arrest
• Due to the appetite suppressing effects of shabu, pregnant mother may become malnourished.
This may affect the nutritional needs of the baby.
• Babies born to shabu-using women show sever emotional disturbance.

On the hallucinogens
Users of hallucinogens may suffer the following:
• Can lead to serious mental changes (psychoses) like insanity, suicidal and/or homicidal
tendencies
• Poor impulse control.
• Damage to chromosomes, hence, affecting potentially the offspring.
• Death due to paralysis of the respiratory system

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 Module 1: Introduction
Application Lesson 3- Narcotic Identities, Influences, Causes, & Effects

Name: ____________________________________ Course & Year: _________________________

Instruction: Write your answer in the space provided. Please avoid erasure and write legibly.

1. Give examples of stimulants. Discuss each.

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2. Give examples of hallucinogens. Discuss each.

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3. Give examples of depressants. Discuss each.

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4. What are the seven deadly sins?

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Pre-lesson Activity Module 2: Approaches to the Drug Problem
Lesson 1- Law Enforcement Approach

Name: ____________________________________ Course & Year: _________________________

Instruction: Write your answer in the space provided. Please avoid erasure and write legibly.
1. In your point of view, what are the steps undertaken by the Government to supress drug menace in our
society?

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2. What is the purpose of enacting laws and regulation on drugs?

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 Abstraction Module 2: Approaches to the Drug Problem
Lesson 1- Law Enforcement Approach

A. GOVERNMENT LAWS AND STATEGIES

RA 6425- First law that controlled and regulated drugs in the Philippines promulgated on March 30, 1972. Further,
it was amended by RA 9165, The Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of 2002.
B. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165: Important Features

RA 9165-COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUG ACT OF 2002 (Approved on June 7, 2002- Effective July 4, 2002)
Dangerous Drug under this Law- Includes those listed in the schedules annexed to the 1961 Single Convention
on Narcotic Drugs, as amended by the1972 Protocol, and the schedules annexed to the 1971 Single Convention on
Psychotropic Substances (Art.1, Sec3)

Ex. MMDA- Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstacy), Tetrahydrocannabinol(MJ), Mescaline( Peyote)

Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals- Includes those listed in Table I and II of the 1988 UN
Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.

Ex. Table 1- Acetic Anhydride

N- Acetyl Anthranilic Acid
Epedrine, Ergometrine, Lysergic Acid
Table 2- Acetone, Ethyl Ether, Hydrochloric Acid, Sylfuric Acid, etc.

Table 8. Unlawful Acts and Penalties

Unlawful Acts Penalties

Importation of Dangerous Drugs and/or
Controlled Precursors and Essential
Chemicals(sec.4)
Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation,
Delivery, Distribution, and transportation of
dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors
and essential chemicals (Sec.5)
Maintenance of Den, Dive or Resort where
dangerous drugs are used or sold in any form
(sec.6)
Being an employee or visitor of a den, dive or
resort (sec.7)
Manufacture of dangerous drugs and/or
controlled precursors and essential chemicals.
(sec.8)
Illegal chemical diversion of controlled
precursors and essential chemicals (Sec.9)
Manufacture or delivery of equipment,
instrument, apparatus and other paraphernalia
for Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled
Precursors and Essential Chemicals (Sec.10)
Possession of Dangerous Drugs (Sec.11)
Possession of Equipment, Instrument,
Apparatus, and other Paraphernalia for
Dangerous Drugs (Sec.12)
Possession of Dangerous Drugs during Parties,
Social Gatherings, or Meetings (sec.13) and
Possession of Equipment Instrument,
Apparatus, and other Paraphernalia for
Life Imprisonment to Death and a fine ranging
from 500,000 to P10M
Life Imprisonment to Death and a fine ranging
from 500,000 to P10M
Life Imprisonment to Death and a fine ranging
from 500,000 to P10M
Imprisonment ranging from 12 yrs and 1 day to
20 yrs and a fine ranging from P100,000 to
500,000.
Life Imprisonment to Death and a fine ranging
from 500,000 to P10M
Imprisonment ranging from 12 yrs and 1 day to
20 yrs and a fine ranging from P100,000 to
500,000.
Imprisonment ranging from 12 yrs and 1 day to
20 yrs and a fine ranging from P100,000 to
500,000.
Life Imprisonment to Death and a fine ranging
from 500,000 to P10M
Imprisonment ranging from 6 mos. And 1 day to
4 yrs and a fine ranging from P10,000 to
P50,000.
The maximum penalties provided for Sec. 11

18
 Dangerous Drugs during Parties, Social
Gatherings, or Meetings (sec.14)
Use of Dangerous Drugs (Sec.15)
Cultivation of Plants classified as Dangerous
Drugs or are sources thereof (Sec.16)
Failure to comply with the maintenance and
keeping of the original records of transaction
on any dangerous drugs and/or controlled
precursors and essential chemicals on the part
of the practitioners, manufacturers,
wholesalers, importers, distributors, dealers,
or retailers (Sec.17)
Unnecessary prescription of Dangerous Drugs
(Sec.18)
Unlawful Prescription of Dangerous Drugs
(Sec.19)
Minimum 6 mos. Rehabilitation (1st offense),
Imprisonment ranging from 6 yrs and 1 day to
12 yrs and a fine ranging from P50,000 to
200,000 (2nd offense)
Life Imprisonment to Death and a fine ranging
from 500,000 to P10M
Imprisonment ranging from 1 yr and 1 day to 6
yrs and a fine ranging from P10,000 to P50,000
Plus revocation of license to practice profession.
Imprisonment ranging from 12 yrs and 1 day to
20 yrs and a fine ranging from 100,000 to
500,000 Plus revocation of license to practice
profession.
Life Imprisonment to Death and a fine ranging
from 500,000 to P10M

The Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB)

The DDB is the policy-making and strategy-making body in the planning and formulation of policies and programs
on drug prevention and control. (under the Office of the President)(sec. 77, Art IX)

Composition: 17 members ( 3 permanent, 12 as ex-officio, 2 regular members) (Sec. 78, Art.IX)

3 permanent members: to be appointed by the President, one to be the Chairman

12 ex officio memvbers: Secretary of DOJ, DOH, DND, DOF, DOLE, DILG, DSWD, DFA, and DepEd,
Chairman of CHED, NYC, and the Dir. Gen of PDEA

2 Regular members: President of the IBP, and the Pres/ Chairman of an NGO involved in a dangerous
drug campaign to be appointed by the President.

The NBI Director and Chief of the PNP-permanent consultant of the board

Powers and Duties of DDB

(sec. 81, Art IX)
1. Formulation of Drug Prevention and Control Strategy
2. Promulgation of Rules and Regulation to carry out the purposes of this Act,
3. Conduct policy studies and researches
4. Develop educational programs and info drive
5. Conduct continuing seminars and consultations
6. Design special training
7. Coordination with agencies for community services program
8. Maintain international networking.

Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA)

It is the implementing arm of the DDB and responsible for the effective and efficient law enforcement of all
provisions on any dangerous drugs and/or precursors and essential chemicals.
Head- Director General- appointed by the President
2 Deputies Director General (Admin and Oprations)

PDEA Operating Units: It absorbedthe NDLE-PCC (created under E.O 61), NARCOM of he PNP, Narcotics Division of
the NBI, and the Custom Narcotics Interdiction Unit (sec.86, Art IX)

Powers and Functions of PDEA

1. Cause the effective and efficient implementation of the national drug control strategy,
19
2. Enforcement of the provisions of Art II of this Act,
3. Undertake investigation, make arrest and apprehension of violators and seizure and confiscation of dangerous
drugs,
4. Establish Forensic Laboratories,
5. Filing of appropriate drug cases
6. Conduct eradication programs
7. Maintain a national drug intelligence system,
8. Close coordination with local and international drug agencies.

 Filing of charges against a drug dependent for confinement and rehabilitation under voluntary submission
program can be made: (sec.58, Art VIII)
1. second commitment to the center
2. upon recommendation of the DDB
3. may be charge violation of Sec.15
4. if convicted, confinement and rehabilitation

Parents, spouse or guardian who refuse to cooperate with the Board or any concerned agency in the
treatment and rehabilitation of a drug dependent may be cited for Contempt of court (sec.73, Art. VIII)

Anti-Drug Drives and Operational Concepts

The Operational Plans (OPLANS) against the Drug Problem are:
1. Oplan Thunderbolt I- operation to create impact to the underworld
2. Oplan Thunderbolt II- operation to neutralize suspected illegal drug laboratories
3. Oplan Thunderbolt III- operations for the neutralization suspected of big time drug pushers’ dealers and drug
lords.
4. Oplan Iceberg- Special Operation team in selected drug prone areas in order to get rid of illegal drug activities in
the area.
5. Oplan Hunter – operations against suspected military and police personnel who engaged in illegal drug activities.
6. Oplan Mercurion- operations against drug stores which are violating existing regulations on the scale of
regulated drugs in coordination with the DDB, DOH, and BFAD.
7. Oplan Tornado- operations in drug notorious and high profile places.
8. Oplan Greengold- nationwide MJ eradication in coordination with the local government.
9. Oplan Sagip-Yagit- A civic program initiated by NGO’s local government offices to help eradicate drug syndicates
involving street children as drug conduit.
10. Oplan Banat- the newest operational plan against drug abuse focused in the brgy level in cooperation with the
brgy officials.
Oplan Athena- operation conducted to neutr alize the 14k, the Bamboo Gang, and other local organized crimes
groups involved in illegal drug trafficking.
12. Oplan Cyclopes- operation against Chinese triad members involved in the illegal drug operations particularly
Methamphetamine Hydrochloride.

C. RULES ON NARCOTIC OPERATION

General Rules and Procedures:
1. Only specially trained and completed drug enforcement personnel shall conduct drug enforcement and
prevention operations.
2. All drug enforcement and prevention operations shall be covered by a Pre-operations report.
3. All steps taken before, during, and after the conduct of the operation must be documented and properly
authenticated.
4. Operating units shall promptly submit written report after the operation.
5. No apprehender or seized items shall be released without authorization from the duly designated authority.
6. All pieces of evidence confiscated will be deposited with proper Evidence Custodian for safekeeping and proper
handling.
7. Each participating element must be given clear and do-able task.

Coverage of the Rules

The rules governing narcotics operation cover the ff. anti-narcotics operation.

20
a. Buy-bust operation
b. Search with warrant
c. MJ eradication
d. Mobile Checkpoint operations
e. Airport/Seaport Interdiction
f. Controlled Delivery
g. Undercover Operations
h. Narcotic Investigation

Stages of Operations
Phase I- Initial Stage
 Planning and preparations which include surveillance, casing, reconnaissance and other preliminary
activities.
 Conduct the operation
Phase II- Action and post action stage
 Tactical Interrogation
 Post operation
 Custodial Investigation
 Prosecution
 Trial
 Resolutions

Module 2: Approaches to the Drug Problem

Application Lesson 1- Law Enforcement Approach

Name: ____________________________________ Course & Year: _________________________

Instruction: Write your answer in the space provided. Please avoid erasure and write legibly.
1. What is the purpose of imposing heavy punishment to drug-related crimes? Explain
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Differentiate Buy-bust operation from Under-cover operation. Provide examples

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What do you think are the characteristics and traits of a PDEA Agent that are of great importance in successfully
doing his/her job?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21
 Module 2: Approaches to the Drug Problem
Pre-lesson Activity
Lesson 2-The Educational Approach

Name: ____________________________________ Course & Year: _________________________

Instruction: Write your answer in the space provided. Please avoid erasure and write legibly.
1. What is the importance of educating the people especially the youth about drugs and its damaging effects?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What do you think is the primary defense against drug-related crimes?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22
 Module 2: Approaches to the Drug Problem
Lesson Lesson 2-The Educational, Treatment & Rehabilitation Approach

Drug prevention efforts are commonly considered under three main headings:
1. Demand reduction strategies- aim to reduce the desire and preparedness to obtain and use drugs. These
strategies aimedat preventing, reducing and/or delaying the uptake of harmful drug use, may include abstinence-
oriented strategies.
2. Supply reduction strategies aim to disrupt the production and supply of illicit drugs as well as limit the access
and availability of licit drugs in certain contexts. In the school setting, this includes measures taken to limit the use,
possession and sale of illicit drugs on school premises and may also include measures taken to discourage tobacco
use.
3. Strategies for the reduction of the adverse consequences of drug use aim to reduce the impact of drug use
and drug-related activities on individuals and communities.

1. Drug Education- Learning situations during seminars workshop, symposium and lecture forums which takes up
the value clarification, leadership training, coping skills and decision making. It is a movement which utilizes
humanistic techniques in both school-based and community oriented drug abuse prevention programs.
2. Drug Information- it is an activity which focused on the dissemination of basic facts of the causes and effects of
drug abuse with the objectives of creating awareness and vigilance of the people in the community.

a. Youth-Adult communication as in Parent-Youth dialogue and Family encounters.

b. Info-oriented classrooms/ community activities such as contest in the school/community- essay, slogans,
posters, cartoons, play writing.
c. Broadcast media- TV/ Radio or Printed, plugs, film, slides, spot announcement, music programming,
newsletter, comics, leaflet/brochures, magazines and other publications.
3. Alternatives- this includes a number of ideas for stimulating meaningful involvement for the youth that can
complete successfully with the demands of drugs and alcohol. Primarily, the emphasis should be on service or
constructive and productive pursuits and recreational activities that are usually community- based such as:
a. Voluntary service work
b. Income producing activities
c. Sports, Arts development, theatre-choral/ dance groups
d. Community fair/contest
e. Other recreational activities: development of physical, emotional, interpersonal, media-intellectual, social,
spiritual, and all aspects of behavioural development.

4. Interventions- this strategy is applied to experimenters and potential drug abusers. Activities like peer or group
counselling should be encouraged in every community. It is applied to the individual/group which needs specific
assistance and support. The techniques or activities recommended interventions are:
a. Peer counselling
b. Hot lines
c. Cross age tutoring
d. New peer group creation

Effective Techniques and Learning Activities

1. Values Formation or Development
2. Role playing
3. Decision making and problem solving
4. Individual Contact
5. Small Group Approach
6. Community Approach

ASSISTING THE DRUG ABUSER

Treatment- the medical service rendered to a client for the effective management of a physical and mental
condition related to drug abuse.
Aims of treatment:

23
 a. To prevent death from overdose.
b. To treat complication following drug dependent.
c. To make them comfortable during withdrawal period.
d. To encourage confirmed drug dependents clients to undergo rehabilitation and other specialized services.
Detoxification- it is a medically-supervised elimination of drugs from the system of any addicted person.
Methods of detoxification includes:
a. Cold Turkey- self-drug withdrawal
b. Substitution- the use of methodex, catapres, haemasin, dextropropoxyphene, tranquilizer, etc
c. Reduction method- using the same drug to which the patient is dependent. The process should be gradual
or rapid.

Rehabilitation- the dynamic process directed towards the physical, emotional/psychological, vocational, social
and spiritual change to prepare a person for the fullest life compatible with his capabilities and potentials, and
render him able to become a law abiding and productive member of the community without abusing drugs.

Methods of Rehabilitation:
1. Psychotherapeutic Methods
a. Individual Therapy
b. Group Therapy
c. Unstructured Group therapy
d. The Family Therapy
2. The spiritual and religious means- this is the development of moral and spiritual values of drug dependent.
3. The follow-up and after-care

Application Module 2: Approaches to the Drug Problem

Lesson 2-The Educational, Treatment & Rehabilitation Approach

Name: ____________________________________ Course & Year: _________________________

Instruction: Write your answer in the space provided. Please avoid erasure and write legibly.
1. Discuss the each type of psychotherapeutic methods.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Make an example of these ff. Interventions; Peer counselling, Hot lines, Cross age tutoring and new peer group
creation.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24
 Lesson Module 2: Approaches to the Drug Problem
Lesson 3: Narcotic investigation

NARCOTIC INVESTIGATION
The Nature of Narcotic Investigation

The violator- The Persons of Importance

A.) The Addict or User- A “user” is one who injects, intravenously or intramuscularly, or consumes either by
chewing, smoking, sniffing, eating, swallowing, drinking, or otherwise introducing into the physiological system of
the body, any of the dangerous drugs. An “Addict” is one who habitually uses dangerous drugs.
B.) The Pusher- “Pusher” refers to any person who sells, administers, delivers, or gives away to another, on any
terms whatsoever, or distributes or dispatches in transit or transport any dangerous drugs or who acts as a broker
in any transaction.

C.) The Narcotic Evidence- These include opium and its active components and derivatives, the coca leaf and beta
eucane, and the hallucinogenic drugs. It includes all preparations made from any of the foregoing and other drugs
and chemical preparations; whether natural or synthetic, with the physiological effects of a narcotic or a
hallucinogenic drug.
HANDLING NARCOTIC EVIDENCE

Drug Seizures- one officer, preferably the officer who made the seizure should be detailed to take charge of the
drug found. The ff. procedures should guide him:
1. Identify the seizure in some permanent way using markings or non-removable label or wax-sealed tie on tag.

2. The identification should give detail of the time, date, and place of seizure, and the name of the owner or suspect
where an arrest had been made.

3. The officer should complete the identification of the seizure by placing his initial or signature on the identifying
label.

4. Where a suspect charged demand a sample of the seized drug for independent analysis, the desired sample
should be placed in a suitable container. It should then be sealed in such a way as to prevent tampering preferably
with the signature of the suspect and the officer appearing on the seal.

5. Where another officer later takes the seizure- as in during questioning- that drug is shown to suspect during
questioning- that officer should continue the chain of identification by placing his initials on the label.

6. Few parties as possible should hold the seized drug. A permanent written record of the movement of the seizure
noting time, dates, and signatures or receiving parties should be maintained.
7. As soon as after seizure, the drug should be sealed in a container in such a way as to prevent loss or tampering
with. The seal should be affixed in such a way that it will be impossible to open the container without breaking the
seal. The seal should bear the same identification as the seizure itself.

8. The officer in the area designated by his command should retain the seizure, the security of which will satisfy the
scrutiny of the court.

9. Where the nature of the seizure requires special storage conditions or facilities, this should be arranged and the
security of the seizure maintained.
10. At the first opportunity, the officer should himself deliver the seized drug/s to the laboratory for examination.

11. If the commitments of the officer holding the seized drug/s are such that he cannot travel to the laboratory, he
should hand the same to another officer who should make the delivery personally.

12. If personal delivery is not possible, the seized drug/s should be carefully packed in a parcel which is sealed.
This should be adequately addressed and shipped by certified delivery mail.
Photographs- a permanent written record should be kept relating to photographs taken in the course of an
investigation, noting the time, date and place of the photograph, its subject the weather condition at the time it was
taken. The technician might also details of the film and obtained and on one copy, these details should be recorded
together with the name of the officers who can ”prove” the photograph.
25
Documents- Documents that may become evidence in a prosecution should be retained in their original form.
They should be treated in such a manner as drug seizures with regard to identification, and it is suggested that all
under whose supervision this is can later “prove” the original, particularly in cases where returned to a person for
production later in court.
Investigative Record
a. Information on a suspect of a drug movement
b. Results of background inquiry on the suspect
c. The log or running sheet kept on investigator and suspect movement during surveillance or arrest
d. Investigator’s notebook and diaries
e. Investigator’s notes of conversations, events or interviews.

DRUG INVESTIGATIVE PROCESS

Illustration:
Receipt/ Report Complaint

First Responder

Security and Protection

• Cordoning Conduct of Crime Scene

• Safety of Injured persons, Investigation
if any
• Prevention of entry by
Unauthorized person/s

From this point:

Preparation Preliminary
Approach
Survey

Evaluation of
Documentation of Physical Evidence
Preparation of
The Crime Scene
Narrative Description

Crime Scene Search

Collection of
Physical Evidence Final Survey & Release
Of the Crime Scene

M.C. no. 16(OPLAN TOKHANG PROGRAM)

PNP ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS CAMPAIGN PLAN - PROJECT: "DOUBLE BARREL"

July 1, 2016
MISSION:
The PNP shall implement the PNP Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign Plan — PROJECT: "DOUBLE BARREL" in order to clear
all drug affected barangays across the country, conduct no let up operations against illegal drugs personalities and
dismantle drug syndicates.
Double barrel
1. The lower barrel approach will be the conduct of PROJECT TOKHANG in all drug-affected
barangays throughout the country in coordination with the Local Government Units (LGUs) particularly

26
 the Provincial/City/Municipal/Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Councils (ADACs), Non-Government
Organizations (NG0s), stakeholders, and other law enforcement agencies.
PROJECT HVT
- The PROJECT HVT is a massive and reinvigorated conduct of anti-illegal drugs operations
targeting illegal drugs personalities and drug syndicates.
Conducted by the following:
AIDG shall conduct anti-illegal drug operations focusing on national and regional level traffickers and international
trafficking; Station Anti-Illegal Drugs Special Operation Task Group (SAIDSOTG)
 Provincial Anti-Illegal Drugs Special Operation Task Group (PAIDSOTG) – it is headed by the Provincial
Director, PPO.
 District Anti- illegal Drugs Special Operation Task Group (DAIDSOTG)- it is headed by the District Director,
NCRPO.
 City Anti-Illegal Drugs Special Operation Task Group (CAIDSOTG)- it is headed by the City Director, CPO/COP,
CPS.
 Regional Anti-Illegal Drugs Special Operation Task Group (RAIDSOTG)- it is headed by the Regional Director,
PROs

27
 Module 3: Substance Abuse and Vice Control
Pre-lesson Activity .

Name: ____________________________________ Course & Year: _________________________

Instruction: Write your answer in the space provided. Please avoid erasure and write legibly.
1. Site possible reasons why people drink alcohol.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What are the effects of drinking alcohol to our human body?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

28
 Module 3: Substance Abuse and Vice Control
Abstraction

Alcohol is a colorless, tasteless clear liquid at 78.4 degrees Celsius. It has a pleasant odor and gives a burning
sensation to the mouth, esophagus and stomach. Like many drugs, alcohol is toxic. It can poison the human body if
taken in large amounts or in combination with other drugs. Alcohol is a depressant not a stimulant.

Two Kinds:
1. Methyl Alcohol- very poisonous and is not put in drinks but is use in some industries.
2. Ethyl Alcohol- used in alcoholic drinks which are made by breweries.
The common Alcoholic Drinks
a. Beers- contain 2-6 percent alcohol (ex. Beer, ale, stout, etc)
b. Wines- contain about 10% alcohol (ex. Champagne, hock, etc)
c. Fortified Wines- liquors that contain 10 to 20% alcohol (ex. port-sherry, etc.)
d. Spirits - liquors that contain 40-60% alcohol (ex. Whiskey, brandy, rum, gin, etc.)
Types of Drinkers:
a. Occasional Drinker- drinks on special occasions or uses alcohol as a home remedy takes only a few drinks
a year.
b. Frequent Drinker- drinks at parties and social affairs. Intake of alcohol may be once a week or
occasionally reaches three to four times per week, uses beverages to release inhibitions and tensions.
c. Regular Drinker- may drink daily or consistently on weekends, usually comes from cultural background
where wine or beer is used with meals to enhance flavour of the food.
d. Alcohol Dependent- drinks to have good time, excessive drinking occurs occasionally but drinker may not
become alcoholic.
e. Alcoholic- has lost control of his use of alcohol. Alcohol assumes primary goal in his life even to the
exclusion of physical health and interests of family and society in general.

Usual Motives for Drinking

1. Traditional- social and religious functions.
2. Status- symbol of success and prestige.
3. Dietary- dining incomplete without wine, integral part of today’s way of “gracious living”.
4. Social- release tensions and inhibitions so user can tolerate and enjoy other’s company.
5. Shortcut to Adulthood- user ensure of maturity, drinks to prove himself.
6. Ritual- fosters group feeling, cocktail parties, toasts made to brides, wishes for good health.
7. Path of least Resistance-doesn’t want to drink but doesn’t want to abstain so goes along with everyone
else.

EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON THE DRINKER

On the Body:
1. Euphoria
2. Muscular Coordination
3. Respiratory Paralysis

ALCOHOL DEPENDENCY
Alcohol Abuse or Dependence is commonly referred to as Alcoholism – It is also called problem drinking.
The stage when a person has the difficulty of quitting from the habit of alcohol drinking. This means he cannot
live without it. If he tries to stop drinking, he will have the shivers and shakes and feels very bad symptoms. He
may also have experience acute anxiety, or fear, delirium, and hallucinations.
ALCOHOL ABUSE CONTROL
Legal Control
Intoxication: Aggravating or mitigating circumstance according to law on the nature and effects of crime

Mitigating circumstance- if an offender while committing a crime is in a state of intoxication. Provided that he is
not habitual or subsequent to the plan to commit a felony.
Aggravating Circumstance- if the offender is habitual, or intentionally planned to commit the felony

Social Control
29
Alcoholics Anonymous: It is an approach to the problem of alcoholism which has met a considerable success. It is
an organization that operates in a nonprofessional-counselling program in which both person-to-person and group
relationships are emphasized. It accepts both teenagers and adults with drinking problem has no fees or dues, does
not keep records or case histories, does not participate in political causes and is not affiliated with any religious
sect, although spiritual development is the key aspect of its treatment approach. To ensure the anonymity of the
alcoholic, only first names are used.

Medical Control
Detoxification: It is the elimination of alcoholic substances from the individual’s body, treatment of the
withdrawal symptoms, and on medical regimen for physical rehabilitation. These can be handled in a hospital or
clinic, where drugs such as Chlordiazepoxide have largely revolutionized the treatment withdrawal symptoms.

Alcohol Investigation
Illicit Liquors: Thorough search of the premises especially cattle sheds, unfrequented places, ravines,
jungles is necessary to locate unauthorized stills and storages. Collection of evidences includes the collection of
paeaphernalia, fingerprinys and tool marks.
Evidence of Intoxication: Intoxication may have to be established in cases of death, in offenses against
person, in motor vehicle accidents and in cases where diminish responsibility is claimed as a defense. Evidences of
intoxication require the collection of samples of bloods, urine, saliva or breath each whenever possible, and other
body fluids for laboratory examinations.

Examination for Intoxication: Intoxication is identified through various means like physical test, alcohol
analysis, and medical examination. In medical examination, the investigator should consider smell of breath, state
of clothing, general demeanor, speech, eyes, walk, memory, breathing, and tremors of the extremities.
TOBACCO (Smoking Vice)

Tobacco plant (Nicotiana Tabacum) – can be smoked, chewed, sniffed for variety of effects
Christopher Columbus –introduced tobacco into Europe
Nicotine- addictive chemical of tobacco plant
Tobacco Chemicals:
a. Nicotine
b. Carbon Monoxide
c. Tar

30
 Module 3: Substance Abuse and Vice Control
Application

Name: ____________________________________ Course & Year: _________________________

Instruction: Write your answer in the space provided. Please avoid erasure and write legibly.

1. Site possible reasons why people drink alcohol.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What are the effects of drinking alcohol to our human body?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

31