MODULE 2:1A

Workplace Risk
Assessment
SAFETY HAZARDS
IDENTIFICATION
Lecturer: Edgardo R. Bugayong Jr. RN
OSH Consultant
Safety
In case of emergency during this seminar, do
not panic, follow our emergency procedure
while wearing your mask and on Social
Distancing (1meter apart).
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Please be aware of the emergency exits
nearest the training room or the exit from your
WFH area.

All are expected to observe the fire and

earthquake drills, if there are, to practice them
with social distancing.
Objectives
At the end of the module, the participants would be able to:

ü  Recognize difference between Safety and Health

Hazards.

ü  Determine various Safety Hazards.

WORKPLACE HAZARDS

Basic Hazards Recognition

Procedures
Safety Hazards
Something that has a potential for 4

injury

Identify Health Hazards

Something that has a potential to
cause illness
WORKPLACE HAZARDS

Basic Hazards Recognition

Procedures
?  Walk-through survey/ocular inspection
(Supervisors, EHS Committee, DOLE
Representatives, 3rd Party Contractors) 5

?  Knowing the raw materials used,

products and by-products
Identify ?  Knowing your task/process involved
?  Gathering of worker’s complaints
?  SDS/PSDS & Labels of the materials
WORKPLACE HAZARDS

SAFETY LACK OF
HAZARDS CONTROL
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Immediate Effect
SAFETY HAZARDS

POOR
“ HOUSEKEEPING
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SAFETY HAZARDS

LEGAL BASIS
Ü Rule 1060 - Premises of Establishment

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(4.) Good housekeeping shall be maintained at
all times through cleanliness of building,
yards, machines, equipment, regular waste
disposal, and orderly arrangement of
processes, operations, storage and filing of
materials.
SAFETY HAZARDS

Ü HOUSEKEEPING

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Not just keeping your workplace clean and safe but it
is an effective workplace organization.

Means there is a place for everything and everything

is in place. It is everybody’s business to observe it in
the workplace.
SAFETY HAZARDS

Ü HOUSEKEEPING

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Is important because it lessens accidents and related
injuries and illnesses; it therefore improves
productivity.

Minimizes direct and indirect costs of accidents/

illnesses.
POOR HOUSEKEEPING

Cluttered and poorly arranged areas

Materials gathering rust and dirt
from disuse
Blocked aisle ways
Material stuffed in corners and out-
of-the way places
Untidy or dangerous storage of
materials 11
Overflow storage areas and shelves
Broken containers and damaged
materials
Presence of items no longer needed
or in excess
Dusty, dirty floors and work surfaces

SIGNS OF POOR HOUSEKEEPING

POOR HOUSEKEEPING

Tools and equipment left in work

areas
No waste bins and containers
Presence of spills and leaks
Being hit by falling objects
Tripping over loose objects on
floors, stairs and platforms
Slipping on greasy, wet or dirty
surfaces 12
Striking against projecting, poorly
stacked items or misplaced material
Cutting, puncturing, or tearing the
skin of hands or other parts of the body
on projecting nails, wire or steel
strapping

SIGNS OF POOR HOUSEKEEPING

POOR HOUSEKEEPING

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The #1 cause of office employee

injuries! Poor Housekeeping
•  Uneven surfaces
•  Elevated surfaces
•  Standing on chairs, falling out of chairs
•  Falling down stairs
POOR HOUSEKEEPING

Electrocution from exposed

live wires
Fires resulting from improper
storage

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SIGNS OF POOR HOUSEKEEPING

SAFETY HAZARDS

“ FIRE 15
SAFETY HAZARDS

LEGAL BASIS

“
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SAFETY HAZARDS

LEGAL BASIS

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FIRE

Fire is considered as one of the most

ruthless agent of destruction that natural
and man-made environment faced.
And fighting it as a foe, one of the best 18

weapons one can have is knowledge

and understanding of the enemy.

FIRE
FIRE

Ø  is a chemical reaction between a

flammable or combustible
material and oxygen.
Ø  is a rapid oxidation of 19

combustible materials with the

help of energy in the form of heat
and light.
FIRE
FIRE

Oxygen –in sufficient quantities,

combine with the fuel for combustion to
occur.

Fuel –can be any combustible material

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Heat –energy necessary to raise the
temperature of the fuel and the oxygen
to a point at which they will react
together.

FIRE
FIRE

Oxygen
§ Most fuels need at least 16 % of oxygen
to burn.
§ In excess of 21 % oxygen may cause
rapid intense combustion leading to
explosion.
21

§ Cutting and welding operations

§ Piped – in supply for process
operations
§ Oxygen released by oxidizers.

FIRE
FIRE

Fuel

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FIRE
FIRE

Fuel FLASH POINT – the lowest

temperature at which liquid fuel
gives off flammable vapors

• FLAMMABLE LIQUID –a liquid

having a flash point below
100°F (37.8°C)
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• COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID –a liquid

having a flash point at or
above 100°F (37.8°C)
The lower the flashpoint, the more dangerous a substance is.

FIRE
FIRE

Fuel FLASH POINT – the lowest

temperature at which liquid fuel gives
off flammable vapors

Flammable Liquid Flashpoint °C

Gasoline -42.8
Acetone -20
Isopropyl Alcohol 12
24

Combustible Liquid °C
Kerosene 37.8
Corn Oil 254

The lower the flashpoint, the more dangerous a substance is.

FIRE
FIRE

Heat

§  Chemical Reaction
§  Lighting/Electrical
Equipment
§  Mechanical Sources 25
§  Open Flames
§  Radiant Heat
§  Spontaneous
Combustion
§  Static Electricity

FIRE
FIRE

… a total of More than 10,500

Fire Incidents occurred
throughout the Philippines
Yearly?
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… the two leading causes of fire

are due to ELECTRICAL and
Ignition

OPEN FLAME / COOKING.

FIRE
FIRE

Free Burning Phase

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Ignition

FIRE
FIRE

Heat transfer to another body or within a body

by direct contact.
Heat can be transferred through steel beams,
metal conduit, wire and ducts.

Transfer of heat through a circulating

medium, such as hot air and gases. 28
The hotter the gases, the faster they
rise.

Transfer of heat by the emission

and propagation of heat energy in
the form of rays or waves.

FIRE
FIRE

Inhalation of Toxic fumes:

–Carbon Monoxide (CO)
–Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
–Hydrogen Cyanide (HCn)
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Deprivation of oxygen
Ignition

Backdraft or smoke explosion

FIRE
FIRE

OZONE DISCO FIRE :

162 DEATHS plus INJURIES

LUNG CENTER FIRE :

25 DEATHS plus INJURIES
QC MANOR HOTEL FIRE : 30
75 DEATHS plus INJURIES

KENTEX FIRE
Ignition
39 DEATHS (38 BPO Agents)
NCCC MALL OF DAVAO
72 DEATHS (38 BPO Agents)

FIRE
MICRO BREAK
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SAFETY HAZARDS

“ MACHINE 32
SAFETY HAZARDS

LEGAL BASIS

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SAFETY HAZARDS

LEGAL BASIS

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MACHINE

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MACHINE

ROTATING
turning around on an axis or center

HAZARDOUS
MECHANICAL MOTION RECIPROCATING 36

the back and forth movements of a

machine part

MACHINE HAZARDS TRANSVERSE

continuous straight line motion of a
machine element in either direction
MACHINE

Exposed machine parts

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Workpiece movement

Noise

Machine parts projectile

hazard
MACHINE

Machine
Hazards

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MACHINE

Machine
Hazards

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SAFETY HAZARDS

MATERIALS
“
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HANDLING
SAFETY HAZARDS

LEGAL BASIS

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MATERIAL HANDLING

Material
Handling

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MATERIAL HANDLING

Material
Manual Handling
The ART of lifting, transporting and packaging of
Handling products using own physical strength.
Hand operated handling, transporting and
packaging of products. 43

Mechanical Handling
Pertains to more rigid, powered and non-
powered mechanics mainly for handling bulky
and heavy items
MATERIAL HANDLING

44

Failure to use personal PPE, such as gloves, safety shoes

MATERIAL HANDLING

Failure of the lifting

equipment 45

Falling load

Collision

Trapped between objects

MATERIAL HANDLING

“Anyone can drive a lift

truck.” 46

“They handle just like a

car.”
“They are easier to drive
than a car.”
“You don’t need any
training to safely drive a fork
MICRO BREAK
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SAFETY HAZARDS

“
ELECTRICITY 48
SAFETY HAZARDS

LEGAL BASIS

“
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SAFETY HAZARDS

LEGAL BASIS

“
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ELECTRICITY

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ELECTRICITY

Basic Electrical Terms

Electricity
Current (amperes) is the amount of electricity
flow in a conductor.

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Voltage (volts) is the force which causes electrons

to flow in a conductor.

Resistance (ohms) is the opposition of a material

to the flow of electricity.

High Voltage 660 volts or more Low Voltage less than 660 volts
ELECTRICITY

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ELECTRICITY

Electricity - The Dangers

Electricity
About 5 workers are electrocuted every
week
Causes 12% of young worker workplace 54

deaths
Takes very little electricity to cause
harm
Significant risk of causing fires
ELECTRICITY

Electricity – Causes of Accident

Electricity Contact with Overhead Power lines
Not following Lockout/Tagout
procedures 55

Contact with Live Circuits

Poorly Maintained Extension Cords
Defective Power Tools
Electrical works on damp or wet
surface
ELECTRICITY

Direct:
Electrocution or death
due to electrical shock
Electrical shock 56

Burns

Indirect:
Falls
Fire
ELECTRICITY

Electricity
Most employees work and
move around in this area.
57

Not all workers have the

proper trainings and experience.

It is treated as less
ELECTRICITY

1.The strength & type of

Electricity electric energy.
2. Direction of current
through the body
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3. Environmental conditions
affecting body’s contact
resistance.
4. Body Impedance.
5. Duration of the contact
(time).
ELECTRICITY

1.The strength & type of

Electricity electric energy.
2. Direction of current
through the body
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3. Environmental conditions
affecting body’s contact
resistance.
4. Body Impedance.
5. Duration of the contact
(time).
SAFETY HAZARDS

A deteriorating housekeeping may be the first evidence of a deteriorating safety

and health program

Lifting and moving things at work is something you probably do every day.
Unfortunately, it’s also an everyday cause of disabling injuries and even deaths!
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To produce fire, three things must be present at the time: Fuel, Heat and Oxygen.

Mechanical hazards occur: (1) at the point of operation, (2) power transmission
components and (3) other exposed moving parts of the machine.

Failure to ensure a safe design, proper work procedures, proper servicing and
maintenance of electrical equipment often result in bodily harm or death, property
damage or both.
THANKS! 61

Any questions?