Module 2: Activity No.

1
Exercises Problem on Thin – Walled Pressure Vessels

Name: Devillena, Marianne Angel

Student No. 20190150631

Problem No 1:

A storage tank (cylindrical) for air, 36 inches in diameter, is to withstand an internal

pressure of 200 psi with a design factor of 4 based on the ultimate point. The steel has a
strength equivalent to AISI C1020 annealed and the welded joints should have a relative
strength of 90%. Determine a suitable plate thickness. Compute the stress on the
longitudinal section and compare it with the stress on the diametral section.

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛:
𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 𝐶120, 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑑
𝑠𝑢 = 57 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑠𝑢 57 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎= =
𝐹𝑆 4
𝜎 = 14.25 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠

𝑝𝐷
𝜎=
2𝑡𝜂
1 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑝 = 200 𝑝𝑠𝑖 ( ) = 0.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖
1000 𝑝𝑠𝑖
𝐷 = 36 𝑖𝑛
(0.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖 )(36 𝑖𝑛)
14.25 𝑘𝑠𝑖 =
2𝑡 (0.9)
𝑡 = 0.2807 𝑖𝑛
𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑝𝐷 (0.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖 )(36 𝑖𝑛)
𝜎= =
4𝑡𝜂 (4)(0.2807 𝑖𝑛)(0.9)
𝝈 = 𝟕. 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝒌𝒔𝒊
𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑝𝐷 (0.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖 )(36 𝑖𝑛)
𝜎= =
2𝑡𝜂 (2)(0.2807 𝑖𝑛)(0.9)
𝝈 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟐𝟓 𝒌𝒔𝒊

𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒏 𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 < 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒏 𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒈𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏

Problem No 2:

A spherical tank stores air at 3000 psig. The tank is to have an inside diameter of 7 inches.
(a) What should be the wall thickness and weight of the tank if it is made of 302, ¼ hard
stainless steel with a design factor of 1.5 based on yield point and a joint efficiency of
90%? (b) Compute the wall thickness and weight if annealed titanium (B265, gr. 5) is
used? (c) What is the additional saving in weight if the titanium is hardened?
Use Table At 3 and 4 for Sy and density.

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛:
1
𝐹𝑜𝑟 302, ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙
4
𝑠𝑦 = 75 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝐹𝑆 = 1.5

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
1
(𝑎)𝐹𝑜𝑟 302, 4 ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙
𝑠𝑦 75 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎= =
𝐹𝑆 1.5
𝜎 = 50 𝑘𝑠𝑖

1 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑝 = 3000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 ( ) = 3 𝑘𝑠𝑖
1000 𝑝𝑠𝑖
𝑝𝐷
𝜎=
4𝑡𝜂
(3 𝑘𝑠𝑖 )( 7 𝑖𝑛)
50 𝑘𝑠𝑖 =
4𝑡(0.90)
𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟕 𝒊𝒏

𝑙𝑏
𝜌 = 0.286
𝑖𝑛3
𝑙𝑏
𝑊 = 𝜋𝐷 2 𝑡𝜌 = 𝜋(7 𝑖𝑛)2 (0.117 𝑖𝑛) (0.286 )
𝑖𝑛3
𝑾 = 𝟓. 𝟏𝟓𝟏 𝒍𝒃

(𝑏)𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑢𝑚 𝐵265, 𝑔𝑟. 5

𝑠𝑦 = 130 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝑠𝑦 130 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎= = = 86.67 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝐹𝑆 1.5

1 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑝 = 3000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 ( ) = 3 𝑘𝑠𝑖
1000 𝑝𝑠𝑖
𝑝𝐷
𝜎=
4𝑡𝜂
 (3 𝑘𝑠𝑖 )( 7 𝑖𝑛)
86.67 𝑘𝑠𝑖 =
4𝑡 (0.90)
𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟕 𝒊𝒏

𝑙𝑏
𝜌 = 0.160
𝑖𝑛3
𝑙𝑏
𝑊 = 𝜋𝐷 2 𝑡𝜌 = 𝜋(7 𝑖𝑛)2 (0.067 𝑖𝑛) (0.160 )
𝑖𝑛3
𝑾 = 𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟎 𝒍𝒃

(𝑐 )𝐹𝑜𝑟 ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑢𝑚

𝑠𝑦 = 158 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝑠𝑦 158 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎= = = 105.33 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝐹𝑆 1.5

1 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑝 = 3000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 ( ) = 3 𝑘𝑠𝑖
1000 𝑝𝑠𝑖
𝑝𝐷
𝜎=
4𝑡𝜂
(3 𝑘𝑠𝑖 )( 7 𝑖𝑛)
105.33 𝑘𝑠𝑖 =
4𝑡(0.90)
𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟓𝟑 𝒊𝒏

𝑙𝑏
𝜌 = 0.160
𝑖𝑛3
𝑙𝑏
𝑊 = 𝜋𝐷 2 𝑡𝜌 = 𝜋(7 𝑖𝑛)2 (0.0553 𝑖𝑛) (0.160 )
𝑖𝑛3
𝑾 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟔𝟐𝟎 𝒍𝒃

1.50 − 1.3620
𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = (100%)
1.50
𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 3.2 %
𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 ∶ 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠