10 𝑐𝑚

𝐹𝑔

𝐹𝑔
𝑃= 𝑃 = 25000 𝑃𝑎
𝐴 𝑃 = 25 𝑘𝑃𝑎
(𝑚)(𝑔)
𝐴 = (𝑎)(𝑏) 𝑃=
8 𝑐𝑚
(𝑎)(𝑏)
𝐴 = (8 𝑐𝑚)(10 𝑐𝑚)
(20)(10)
2 𝑃=
1𝑚 (0,10)(0,08)
𝐴 = 80 𝑐𝑚2
100 𝑐𝑚 200
𝐴 = 0,008 𝑚2 𝑃=
0,008
 Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 → 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
𝑃𝐴 → 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝐴 1 𝑘 → 103
Δℎ → 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑠
Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 = 1000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 = 1 𝑔/𝑐𝑚3 𝑃𝐴 − 𝑃𝐵 = (Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 )(𝑔)(Δℎ)
𝑔 = 10 𝑚/𝑠 2
20𝑥103 = (1000)(10)(𝑥)
ℎ𝐴 − ℎ𝐵 = 𝑥
2𝑚 =𝑥
𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 105 𝑃𝑎 𝐶𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑜 𝐴:
𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑃𝐻 + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚

𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = (Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 )(𝑔)(ℎ) + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚

2(105 ) = (1000)(10)(ℎ) + 1(105 )
2 105 − 1(105 ) = 10000ℎ
105 = 104 ℎ
𝑃𝐴 = 2(105 ) 𝑃𝑎 105
4 =ℎ
10
10 𝑚 = ℎ
 𝐸 → 𝐸𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑗𝑒 (𝑁)
𝑔 → 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑑 (𝑚/𝑠 2 )
𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚 → 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑑𝑜 (𝑚3 )

𝐸 = (Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 )(𝑔)(𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚)

𝐸 = (1000)(10)(0,005)
5
𝐸 = 1000 10
1000
𝐸 = 50 𝑁
 𝑃𝐴 = 𝑃𝐵
𝑃𝑔𝑎𝑠 + 𝑃𝑝𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑜 = 𝑃𝐴𝑔𝑢𝑎
3,7(103 ) + (Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞)(𝑔)(ℎ) = (Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞)(𝑔)(ℎ)
3,7(103 ) + (Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞)(10)(0,5) = (1000)(10)(0,8)
3700 + 5(Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞) = 8000
5 Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 = 8000 − 3700
5 Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 = 4300
4300
𝐴𝑔𝑢𝑎 Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 =
5
𝑃𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑜 𝑘𝑔 𝑔
𝑃𝐴 𝑃𝐵 Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 = 860 3 → 0,86
𝑚 𝑐𝑚3
 2𝑟 = 𝑑
𝑑
𝑟=
2

𝑃1 = 𝑃2 𝐹1 10
2 = 2
1𝑐𝑚 5 𝑐𝑚
𝐹1 𝐹2 2 2
=
𝐴1 𝐴2
𝐹1 10
𝐹1 𝐹2 =
= 1 𝑐𝑚2 25 𝑐𝑚2
𝜋𝑟12 𝜋𝑟22 4 4
𝐹1 10
𝐹1 𝐹2 =
= 1 25
2 2
𝑑1 𝑑2
2 2 𝐹1 = 0,4
 𝐸=𝑤
(Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞)(𝑔)(𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚) = (𝑚)(𝑔)
𝑣
1000 10 = (𝑚)(10)
2
500𝑣 = 𝑚
𝑚
500 =
𝑣
𝑘𝑔
500 3 = 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑
𝑘𝑔 500 𝑔 𝑚
500 3 → → 0,5
𝑚 1000 𝑐𝑚3
 𝑃𝐴 = 𝑃𝐵
𝑃𝐺𝐴𝑆 = 𝑃𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝑃𝐻𝑔
𝑃𝐺𝐴𝑆 = (Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 )(𝑔)(ℎ) + (Ƥ𝐻𝑔)(𝑔)(ℎ)

3
1
101,56𝑥10 = (1000)(10)(𝑥) + 13600 10
100
101,56 = 10𝑥 + 1,36
100,2 = 10𝑥
10,02 = 𝑥
𝑃𝐴 𝑃𝐵
 3
𝑔 100 𝑐𝑚 1 𝑘𝑔
Ƥ𝐻𝑔 = 13,6 3
𝑥
𝑐𝑚 1𝑚 1000 𝑔

𝑔 1003 𝑐𝑚3 1 𝑘𝑔
Ƥ𝐻𝑔 = 13,6 3
𝑥
𝑐𝑚 1 𝑚3 1000 𝑔
𝑘𝑔
Ƥ𝐻𝑔 = 13,6 𝑥 1000 3
𝑚
𝑘𝑔
Ƥ𝐻𝑔 = 13600 3
𝑚
 𝑉𝑖 2
𝐻𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
2𝑔
𝑉𝑖
𝑡𝑠 = 𝑡𝑏 =
𝑔
0
𝑚 𝐸𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑗𝑒 𝑥:
𝑔 = 10 2
𝑠 𝑀. 𝑅. 𝑈.
3𝑠
𝑑 = (𝑉)(𝑡)
𝑑 = (30)(3)
30 𝐻𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑑 = 90 𝑚

30

𝑑𝑚𝑎𝑥
 1,5 °𝐶 → 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 (𝐴𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑜) 𝐴𝑔𝑢𝑎

𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑜 = 200 𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 800 𝑔
𝑡𝑖 = 80 °𝐶 𝑡𝑖 = 80 °𝐶

𝑄𝑎𝑙 = (𝑐𝑒)(𝑚)(Δ𝑡)
𝐽 1 𝑘𝑔
𝑄𝑎𝑙 = 900 200 𝑔 80 − 𝑥 °𝐶
𝑘𝑔. °𝐶 1000 𝑔

𝑄𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = (𝑐𝑒)(𝑚)(Δ𝑡)
𝐽 1 𝑘𝑔
𝑄𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 4186 (800 𝑔) (80 − 𝑥)°𝐶
𝑘𝑔. °𝐶 1000 𝑔
𝑄𝑎𝑙 + 𝑄𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 200𝑔 + 800𝑔 (1,5°𝐶)
 𝐹
𝑃𝐻 =
𝐴
(𝑘)(𝑥)
𝑃𝐻 =
𝐴
𝑁 100 𝑐𝑚
200 (𝑥)
𝑃𝐻 = 𝑐𝑚 1𝑚
12 𝑚2
2 𝑐𝑚2
1002 𝑐𝑚2
𝑃𝐻 = 108 𝑥 𝑃𝑎

𝑃𝐻 = (δ𝐿)(𝑔)(ℎ) 80 000 𝑃𝑎 = 108 𝑥 𝑃𝑎

8𝑥104
𝑘𝑔 𝑚 =𝑥
𝑃𝐻 = 1000 10 8𝑚 108
𝑚3 𝑠2
8𝑥10−4 𝑚 = 𝑥
𝑃𝐻 = 80 000 𝑃𝑎 8(10−1 )(10−3 ) = 𝑥
0,8 𝑚𝑚 = 𝑥
 𝑡 = 2𝑠 𝑤𝑓 = 𝑤𝑜 ± (𝑎)(𝑡)
𝑤𝑓 = 0 + (𝑎)(2)
𝑤𝑓 = 2𝑎

𝑡 = 3𝑠 𝑤𝑓 = 𝑤𝑜 ± (𝑎)(𝑡)
𝑤𝑓 = 𝑤𝑜 ± (𝑎)(𝑡) 1𝑠
0 𝑤𝑓 = 0 + (𝑎)(3)
𝑤𝑓 2 = 𝑤𝑜2 ± 2(𝑎)(𝑑)
𝑤𝑓 = 3𝑎
1 1𝑠
𝑑 = 𝑤𝑜 𝑡 ± (𝑎)(𝑡 2 )
2 𝑤𝑜 + 𝑤𝑓
2𝑎 𝑑= 𝑡
𝑤𝑜 + 𝑤𝑓
1𝑠 2
𝑑= 𝑡 20𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑
2𝑎 + 3𝑎
2 3𝑎 20𝜋 = 1
2
4𝜋 5𝑎
20𝜋 =
2
𝑟𝑎𝑑
8𝜋 2 = 𝑎
𝑠
𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 105 𝑃𝑎
𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑃𝐻 + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚

𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = (Ƥ𝑙𝑖𝑞 )(𝑔)(ℎ) + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚

2(105 ) = (1000)(10)(ℎ) + 1(105 )
2 105 − 1(105 ) = 10000ℎ
105 = 104 ℎ
𝑃𝐴 = 2(105 ) 𝑃𝑎 105
4 =ℎ
10
10 𝑚 = ℎ
 𝐹 𝑃 → 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 (𝑃𝑎)
𝑃=
𝐴 𝐹 → 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑧𝑎 (𝑁)
600 𝑁 𝐴 → á𝑟𝑒𝑎 (𝑚2 )
𝑃=
4 𝑚2
𝑃 = 150 𝑃𝑎
 𝑔 𝑔
δ𝐻𝑔 = 13,6 𝑥1000 δ𝐻2𝑂 = 1 𝑥1000
𝑐𝑚3 𝑐𝑚3
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
δ𝐻𝑔 = 13600 3 δ𝐻2𝑂 = 1000 3
𝑚 𝑚

𝑃 𝐴 = 𝑃𝐻𝑔 + 𝑃𝐻2𝑂
𝑃 𝐴 = δ𝐻𝑔 𝑔 ℎ1 + δ𝐻2𝑂 𝑔 ℎ2
5 5
𝑃𝐴 = 13600 10 + 1000 10
100 100
𝑃 𝐴 = 6800 𝑃𝑎 + 500 𝑃𝑎
𝑃 𝐴 = 7300 𝑃𝑎
𝑃 𝐴 = 7,3 𝐾𝑝𝑎
 𝐹𝑔𝑎𝑝 = 𝐹𝑔 − 𝐸1 𝐹𝑔𝑎𝑝 = 𝐹𝑔 − 𝐸2
18 𝑁 = 30 𝑁 − 𝐸1 12 𝑁 = 30 𝑁 − 𝐸2
𝐸1 = 12 𝑁 𝐸2 = 18 𝑁

𝐸1 = δ 𝑔 (𝑉) 𝐸2 = δ𝑥 𝑔 (𝑉)
𝐹𝑔 = 30 𝑁
12 = 1000 10 𝑉 12
18 = δ𝑥 10
10000
12
𝑉= 18𝑥1000
10000 = δ𝑥
12
3
18𝑥1000
= δ𝑥
12
2
𝑘𝑔
1500 3 = δ𝑥
𝑚
 𝐹𝑔 = (𝑚)(𝑔)
෍ 𝐹(↓) = ෍ 𝐹(↑) 39 = (𝑚)(10)
3,9 𝑘𝑔 = 𝑚𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜
𝐹𝑔 + 𝐹 = 𝐸
𝐹𝑔 + 𝐹 = (δ𝐻𝑔)(𝑔)(𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚)
𝑚𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜
𝐹𝑔 + 𝐹 = δ𝐻𝑔 𝑔
δ𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜
𝑚𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜
𝐹𝑔 𝐹 δ𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜 = 3,9
𝑉𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜 39 + 𝐹 = 13,6𝑥1000 10
7,8𝑥1000
𝑚𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜
𝑉𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜 =
δ𝐻𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜 39 + 𝐹 = 68
𝐹 = 29 𝑁

𝐸
 ෍ 𝐹(↑) = ෍ 𝐹(↓)

𝐸 + 𝑇 = 𝐹𝑔
(δ)(𝑔)(𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚) + 𝑇 = (𝑚)(𝑔)
(δ)(𝑔)(𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚) + 𝑇 = (δ𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒)(𝑉𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒)(𝑔)
𝑚𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒
δ𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒 =
𝑉𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒 5𝑥10−3
𝑇 1000 10 + 𝑇 = (350)(5𝑥10−3 )(10)
4
𝑚𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒 = (δ𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒)(𝑉𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒)
12,5 + 𝑇 = 17,5
𝐹𝑔 3
𝑉 𝑇 =5𝑁
4
1
𝑉
4

𝐸
 𝑚𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜
δ𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜 =
𝑉𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜
෍ 𝐹(↓) = ෍ 𝐹(↑)
𝑚𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜 = (δ𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜)(𝑉𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜)
𝐹𝑔 = 𝐸1 + 𝐸2
𝑚 𝑔 = δ1 𝑔 𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚1 + (δ2)(𝑔)(𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚2)
𝑚𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜 = δ1 𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚1 + (δ2)(𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚2)
(δ𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜)(𝑉𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜) = δ1 𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚1 + (δ2)(𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚2)
(δ𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜)(5𝑘) = 𝑃 3𝑘 + (2𝑃)(2𝑘)
𝟏
δ𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜 5 = 3𝑃 + 4𝑃
7𝑃
δ𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜 =
𝟐
5
𝟏
3𝑘 δ𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜 = 1,4 𝑃
𝑉𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜 = 2𝑘 + 3𝑘 𝟐 2𝑘

𝑉𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜 = 5𝑘
 𝐹𝑔𝑎𝑝 = 𝐹𝑔 − 𝐸

𝐹𝑔𝑎𝑝 = 𝐹𝑔 − 𝐸

𝐸 = 𝐹𝑔 − 𝐹𝑔𝑎𝑝
δ 𝑔 𝑉𝑠𝑢𝑚 = 𝐹𝑔 − 𝐹𝑔𝑎𝑝
1000 10 𝑉 = 600
600
𝑉=
10000

𝑉 = 0,06 𝑚3
 𝑃𝐴 + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 𝑃𝐵 + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚

δ𝐴 𝑔 (ℎ𝐴) = δ𝐵 𝑔 (ℎ𝐵 )

δ𝐴 (4ℎ) = δ𝐵 (3ℎ)

δ𝐴 3
=
δ𝐵 4