FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL

TEMA:

TENSIÓN O COMPRESIÓN DIRECTA

ESTUDIANTE:

PÉREZ QUIÑÓNEZ JESÚS DAVID

CURSO:

NO -4-8

ASIGNATURA:

RESISTENCIA DE MATERIALES

DOCENTE:

ING. FERNANDEZ SOLEDISPA VÍCTOR

 𝐹
𝜎 𝑀á𝑥 = 𝜎𝑑 =
∅ 10 𝑚𝑚 𝐴
8,5 ∗ 106
𝜎𝑑 = 𝜋 = 108.23 𝑀𝑃𝑎
(10𝑚𝑚) 2
4 𝐴𝑝é𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝐴 − 18
𝑠𝑦 = 2(108,23 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
8,5 𝑘𝑁 𝐴𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑜 2014 − 𝑇4
𝑠𝑦 = 216,45 𝑀𝑃𝑎
(290𝑀𝑃𝑎)

𝐹 𝐴𝑝é𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝐴 − 14
𝜎=
𝐴
𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 1040 𝑊𝑄𝑇 1300
1720𝑙𝑏
𝜎= = 10750 𝑃𝑠𝑖 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑗𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 32%
(0,4 𝑖𝑛)2
𝑆𝑢 = 𝜎𝛽 = (10750𝑃𝑠𝑖)(8) = 86000 𝑃𝑠𝑖

𝐴 = 2,25 𝑖𝑛2 5200 𝑙𝑏 𝜎𝑅 < 𝜎𝑑

𝐹
𝜎𝑅 =
𝐴
5200 𝑙𝑏
𝜎𝑅 = = 990,48 𝑃𝑠𝑖
(5,25 𝑖𝑛)2
𝜎𝑑 = 575𝑃𝑠𝑖 𝑅// 𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑟í𝑎 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
 𝐹 𝐹 6400 𝑙𝑏
𝜎= →𝐴= = = 0.533 𝑖𝑛2
𝐴 𝜎 12000 𝑃𝑠𝑖
𝜋 2 4∗𝐴
𝐴= 𝐷 → 𝐷2 =
4 𝜋

4∗𝐴 4(0,53 𝑖𝑛)2

𝐷=√ →√
𝜋 𝜋

𝐷 = 0,824 𝑖𝑛2 𝐸𝑙 𝑑𝑖á𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 1 𝑖𝑛

𝑨𝒚 𝑪𝒚

𝑨 600 𝑚𝑚 𝑩 600 𝑚𝑚 𝑪

𝑚
𝑃 = 1840 𝑘𝑔 ∗ 9,8 = 18050𝑁
𝑚2
9025𝑁
𝐶𝑦 = 𝐴𝑦 = = 4513 𝑁
2
𝐶𝑦
𝐶= = 13194 𝑁
𝑠𝑒𝑛 20°
𝐶 13194 𝑁
𝐴= 2
= = 120 𝑚𝑚2
𝛿 110𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

4(120 𝑚𝑚)2
𝐷=√ = 12,4 𝑚𝑚 𝐷 = 14 𝑚𝑚
𝜋
29500𝑙𝑏 𝑃𝑖𝑛𝑜 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠 2𝑎 4𝑖𝑛
= 9833 𝑙𝑏
3
𝑁ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 2 = 1000 𝑃𝑠𝑖
9833 𝑙𝑏
𝜎= = 803 𝑃𝑠𝑖
12,25 𝑖𝑛2 𝐴𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑜 𝑁ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 1 = 1000 𝑃𝑠𝑖

𝑆𝑢 = 483 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜋
𝐴= (102 + 122 ) = 34,56 𝑚𝑚2
4
𝐹
𝜎= →𝐹 =𝜎∗𝐴
𝐴
𝑁
𝐹 = 483 ∗ 34,56 𝑚𝑚2
𝑚𝑚2
𝐹 = 16,69 𝐾𝑁

𝜎𝑑 = 0,60
𝑆𝑦 = 0,60(50𝐾𝑠𝑖) = 30𝐾𝑠𝑖
4000 𝑙𝑏
𝐴= = 0,133 𝑖𝑛2
30000 𝑙𝑏/𝑖𝑛2

4(0,133 𝑖𝑛)2
𝐷=√
𝜋

𝐷 = 0,412 𝑖𝑛 𝐴 − 16
𝐴 − 16
 𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 − 𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐷𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑙 𝑆𝑚𝑐/12
1650𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜎𝑑 → 137,5 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝐴 − 17)
12
𝐹 135 ∗ 103
𝐴= → = 981,2 𝑚𝑚2
𝜎𝑑 137,5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

𝐵𝐻 = 𝐵(2𝐵) = 2𝐵2

𝐴 981,82
𝐵=√ →√ == 22,17 𝑚𝑚 𝐻 = 44,34 𝑚𝑚
2 2

𝐸𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝐵 = 25 𝑚𝑚
𝐻 = 50 𝑚𝑚

𝜋 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠:
𝐴 = (80)(40) − (60)(15) + (40)2 = 3556,64 𝑚𝑚2
4 𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 1040 𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 ; 𝑆𝑦 = 414 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝐴 − 14)
3
𝐹 640 − 10 𝑁 𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 4140 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑜 ; 𝑆𝑦 = 414 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝐴 − 14)
𝜎= = = 179,95 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴 3556,64 𝑚𝑚2
𝐵𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐶54400 ; 𝑆𝑦 = 393 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝐴 − 15)
𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑ú𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑙 𝑆𝑦 = 2(𝜎) → 2(179,95 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
𝐴𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑜 2014 − 𝑇6 ; 𝑆𝑦 = 414 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝐴 − 18)
𝑆𝑦 = 360 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 1020 𝐶𝐷 ; 𝑆𝑦 = 441 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝐴 − 14)
𝜎 = 50 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑟𝑜 𝐴𝐵
𝑆𝑢
𝜎𝑑 = → 𝑆𝑢 = 𝜎𝑑 ∗ 8 = (50)(8) = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐵
𝐴𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑜 2014 − 𝑇4 ; 𝑆𝑢 = 427 𝑀𝑃𝑎 ; 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑗𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 20%

𝜎 = 800𝑃𝑠𝑖

𝐸 = 1,4 ∗ 106 𝑃𝑠𝑖

𝑖𝑛
𝐿 = 6 𝑓𝑡 ∗ 10 = 72 𝑖𝑛
𝑓𝑡
𝜎𝐿 (800 𝑃𝑠𝑖)(72 𝑖𝑛)
𝑑= → = 0,041 𝑖𝑛
𝐸 (1,4 ∗ 106 𝑃𝑠𝑖)

𝐷0 = 2,50 𝑖𝑛

𝐷𝑖 = 2,50 − 2(0,085) = 2,33 𝑖𝑛

𝐸 = 10,6 ∗ 106 𝑃𝑠𝑖

𝐴 = 𝜋(𝐷0 − 𝐷𝑖 ) → 𝐴 = 𝜋(2, 52 − 2,332 ) = 0,645 𝑖𝑛2

 𝐹𝐿 𝛿𝐴𝐸 (0,005 𝑖𝑛)(10,6 ∗ 106 𝑃𝑠𝑖)(0,645𝑖𝑛2 )
𝛿= →𝐹= → = 2357,6
𝐴𝐸 𝐿 14,5
𝐹 2357,6
𝜎= → = 3656,2 𝑃𝑠𝑖 𝐸𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑆𝑦 = 42000 𝑃𝑠𝑖
𝐴 0,645 𝑖𝑛2

𝑆𝑢 4458
𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 1020 𝑎) σ𝑑 = = = 56 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝐸 = 207𝐺𝑃𝑎 → 207000 𝑀𝑃𝑎
8 8
𝐹 3500 𝑁
𝐴= = = 62,5 𝑚𝑚2
𝜎 56 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

4𝐴
𝐷=√
𝜋

4(62,5𝑚𝑚2 )
𝐷=√
𝜋

𝐷 = 8,92 𝑚𝑚

𝐹𝐿 (3500 𝑁)(630 𝑚𝑚)

𝐴= → = 68,05 𝑚𝑚2
𝐸𝛿 (207000 )(0,12 𝑚𝑚)

4𝐴 4(68,5𝑚𝑚2 )
𝐷=√ →√ = 9,31 𝑚𝑚
𝜋 𝜋

𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 4140 𝑏) 𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑠 𝑚𝑢𝑐ℎ𝑜 𝑚á𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 1020 (𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒)
𝐷 = 9.31 𝑚𝑚
 𝑆𝑢 310 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑜 6061 − 𝑇6 𝑐) σ𝑑 = → = 38,75 𝑀𝑃𝑎
8 8
𝐹 3500𝑁
𝐴= = = 90,32 𝑚𝑚2
𝜎𝑑 38,75 𝑁
𝑚𝑚2 𝐸 = 69𝐺𝑃𝑎 → 69000 𝑀𝑃𝑎
4𝐴 4(90,32𝑚𝑚2 )
𝐷=√ → √ = 10,72 𝑚𝑚
𝜋 𝜋

𝐹𝐿 (3500)(630)
𝐴 = 𝐸𝛿 → (69000)(0,12)= 266,3 𝑚𝑚2

4𝐴 4(226.3𝑚𝑚2 )
𝐷=√ →√ = 16,97 𝑚𝑚
𝜋 𝜋

𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑎 = 𝑉 ∗ 𝐷 ∗ 𝐴 ∗ 𝐿 ∗ 𝐷
𝑘𝑔 13
𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜 = (68,05)(630) (7680 ) ∗ = 0,33 𝑘𝑔
𝑚3 103 𝑚𝑚3
(266,3)(630)(2770)
𝐴𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑜 = = 0,465 𝑘𝑔
109

𝑎) 𝑇𝑖6𝐴1 − 4𝑉
𝐸 = 114 𝐺𝑃𝑎 → 114000 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝐹𝐿 (500 𝑁)(1250 𝑚𝑚)

𝛿= = = 0,857 𝑚𝑚
𝐸𝐴 103 2)
(114 ∗ ) (64 𝑚𝑚
𝑚𝑚2
𝐹
𝜎= = 78,1 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴
𝑆𝑦 = 107 𝑀𝑃𝑎
 𝐹𝐿 (450 𝑙𝑏)(8,40 𝑖𝑛)
𝐴𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑 = → = 0,0004 𝑖𝑛
𝐸𝐴 (30 ∗ 106 𝑙𝑏/𝑖𝑛2 )(25)(1,25)𝑖𝑛
𝐹𝐿 (50)(8,4)
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 𝛿 = → = 0,000045 𝑖𝑛
𝐸𝐴 (30 ∗ 106 )(2,5)(1,25)
𝐹 450
𝛿𝐹 = = = 14400 𝑃𝑠𝑖 < 𝑆𝑦 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜
𝐴 0,03125
𝑆𝑢
𝜎= → 8(14,4𝐾𝑠𝑖) = 115,2 𝐾𝑠𝑖
8
𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 2141 𝑂𝑄𝑇1100 𝑆𝑢 = 116 𝐾𝑠𝑖

𝜋 𝜋
𝐴= (𝐷0 2 − 𝐷 2 ) → (1,252 − 1,1262 ) = 0,2314 𝑖𝑛2
4 4
𝛿𝐸𝐴 (0,050 𝑖𝑛)(10 ∗ 106 𝑙𝑏/𝑖𝑛2 )(0,2314 𝑖𝑛2 )
𝐹= → = 3213,88
𝐿 36 𝑖𝑛
𝐹 3213,88
𝜎= → = 13888,85 𝑃𝑠𝑖
𝐴 0,2314
𝑆𝑢 45000
𝜎𝑑 = = = 5625 𝑃𝑠𝑖 𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑜
𝐵 8

𝜋 𝜋
𝐴= (𝐷0 2 − 𝐷 2 ) → (562 − 482 ) = 653,45
4 4
𝐹𝐿 (18,2 ∗ 103 𝑁)(40 𝑚𝑚)
𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑥𝑖ó𝑛 𝛿 = → = 0,016 𝑚𝑚
𝐸𝐴 (69000𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 )(653𝑚𝑚2 )
𝐹 18,2 ∗ 103 𝑁
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 σ= = = 27,87 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴 653 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴 = (30 𝑚𝑚)2
𝐸 = 114 𝐺𝑃𝑎 → 114000 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 110 + 80 − 40 = 150 𝐾𝑁 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖ó𝑛
𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 110 − 40 = 70𝐾𝑁 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖ó𝑛
𝐹𝐶𝐷 = 110 𝐾𝑁 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖ó𝑛

150000 𝑁
𝜎𝑚á𝑥 = = 166,67 𝑀𝑃𝑎
900 𝑚𝑚2
𝑆𝑦 = 1070 𝑀𝑃𝑎

(150 ∗ 103 𝑁)(250 𝑚𝑚) (70103 𝑁)(250𝑚𝑚) (110103 𝑁)(250𝑚𝑚2 )

𝛿𝑇 = + +
(114 ∗ 10 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(900𝑚𝑚 ) (114 ∗ 10 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(900𝑚𝑚 ) (114 ∗ 103 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 )(900𝑚𝑚2 )
3 2 2 3 2 2

𝛿𝑇 =0,804 mm
 𝛿𝐴𝐵 𝛿𝐵𝐶 𝛿𝐶𝐷

Σ𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝐹𝐴𝐵
−𝐹𝐴𝐵 + 4,45 − 12,32 − 9,65 = 0
𝐹𝐴𝐵 = −17,52 𝐾𝑁

Σ𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝐹𝐵𝐶
−𝐹𝐵𝐶 − 12,32 − 9,65 = 0
𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 21,97𝐾𝑁

Σ𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝐹𝐶𝐷
𝐹𝐶𝐷 = 9,65 𝐾𝑁

𝛿𝑇 = 𝛿𝐴𝐵 + 𝛿𝐵𝐶 + 𝛿𝐶𝐷

𝐹𝐴𝐵 ∗ 𝐿 (17,52 ∗ 103 𝑁)(80 𝑚𝑚)
𝛿𝐴𝐵 = =𝜋 = 0,984 𝑚𝑚
𝐴∗𝐸 (25 𝑚𝑚) 2 (2960 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
4
𝐹𝐵𝐶 ∗ 𝐿 (121,97 ∗ 103 𝑁)(100 𝑚𝑚)
𝛿𝐵𝐶 = = 𝜋 = 1,51 𝑚𝑚
𝐴∗𝐸 (25 𝑚𝑚) 2 (2960 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
4
𝐹𝐶𝐷 ∗ 𝐿 (9,65 ∗ 103 𝑁)(120 𝑚𝑚)
𝛿𝐶𝐷 = =𝜋 = 0,49 𝑚𝑚
𝐴∗𝐸 (16 𝑚𝑚)2 (2960 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
4
𝛿𝑇 = 2,98 𝑚𝑚
 𝐹𝐿 (120𝑙𝑏)(10,5𝑓𝑡)( 12,3𝑁/𝑓𝑡)
𝑎) 𝛿 = → = 0,28
𝐸𝐴 (17 ∗ 106 𝑙𝑏/𝑖𝑛2 )(0,0032 𝑖𝑛2 )

𝜋 2 4𝐴
𝐴= 𝐷 → 𝐷 = √ = 0,064 𝑖𝑛
4 𝜋
𝜋
𝐴= (0,064 𝑖𝑛)2 = 0,00322
4

𝐹 120 𝑙𝑏
𝜎= →
𝐴 0,00322 𝑖𝑛2
𝜎 = 37267,08 𝑃𝑠𝑖 𝑆𝑦 = 44000 𝑃𝑠𝑖

𝐹 200 𝑙𝑏
𝑏) 𝜎 = → = 62111,80 𝑃𝑠𝑖
𝐴 0,00322 𝑖𝑛2
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑧𝑜 𝑒𝑥𝑐𝑒𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑧𝑎 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙

550𝑙𝑏
𝐹 = 𝜎𝐴 = ( ) (12,25𝑖𝑛2 ) = 6737,5𝑙𝑏
𝑖𝑛2
𝑖𝑛
−𝐹𝐿 −(6737,5 𝑙𝑏)(10,75 𝑓𝑡) (12,1 𝑓𝑡 )
𝛿= =
𝐸𝐴 106 𝑙𝑏
(13 ∗ ) (12,25 𝑖𝑛2 )
𝑖𝑛2
𝛿 = −0,055 𝑖𝑛
 𝜋 2 𝜋
𝐴= 𝐷 → (3)2 = 7,07 𝑚𝑚2
4 4
𝛿𝐸𝐴 (6 𝑚𝑚)(110 − 103 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 )(7,07 𝑚𝑚2
𝐹= → = 1296,17 𝑁 (𝑴𝒂𝒔𝒂 𝒅𝒆 𝑷𝒍𝒐𝒎𝒐)
𝐿 3600 𝑚𝑚
𝐹 1296,17 𝑁
𝜎= → = 183,33 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝑬𝒔𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒓𝒛𝒐)
𝐴 7,07 𝑚𝑚2