Chapter 2 DESIGN OF BEAMS

Topic 3 Design of Irregular Beams

Learning After finishing this lesson, students are expected to:
Objectives
1. Design irregular beams given the ultimate bending
moment..

Topics 3.1 Design Procedure for Irregular Beams

3.2 Illustrative Problems
3.3 Plates

3.1 Design Procedure for Irregular Beams for a Given

Moment Mu

b
0.85fc'

y
C
d
d-y

As
T

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Chapter 2 DESIGN OF BEAMS

DESIGN PROCEDURE:

600 𝑑
1) 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75 (600 +𝑓𝑦)

2) 𝑎1 = 𝛽1 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥
3) 𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎1 , 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝐴𝑐1 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ӯ
4) 𝐶1 = 0.85 𝑓𝑐 ′𝐴𝑐1
𝐶
5) 𝐴𝑠1 = 𝑓𝑦1

6) 𝑀𝑛1 = 𝐶1 (𝑑 − ӯ1 )

𝑀𝑢
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑀𝑛1 𝑡𝑜
𝜙

𝑀𝑢
𝑖𝑓 𝑀𝑛1 ≠ , 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔:
𝜙

𝑀𝑢
𝜙
7) 𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑠2 = 𝑀𝑛 (𝐴𝑠1)
1

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑠2 , 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝐴𝑐2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ӯ2

𝐴𝑠2 𝑓𝑦
8) 𝐴𝑐2 =
0.85 𝑓𝑐′

9) 𝐶2 = 0.85 𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝐴𝑐2

10) 𝑀𝑛2 = 𝐶2 (𝑑 − ӯ2 )
𝑴𝒏
𝒊𝒇 𝑴𝒏𝒙 𝒊𝒔 𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒍𝒍 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒂𝒑𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒙𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒍𝒚 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒕𝒐 ,
𝝓
𝑴𝒖
𝒓𝒆𝒑𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒄𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝟕 𝒕𝒐 𝟏𝟎 𝒖𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒍 𝑴𝒏𝒙 ≈
𝝓

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 𝑀𝑢
𝜙
𝑁𝑜𝑡𝑒: 𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝐴𝑠𝑚 = (𝐴𝑠𝑛−1 )
𝑀𝑛(𝑚−1)

Chapter 2 DESIGN OF BEAMS

𝑚 = 𝑛𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠

11) 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠, 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑘 𝑏𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑘 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦

3.2 Illustrative Problem

Determine the required area of steel reinforcement for the beam shown which is
subjected to an ultimate moment of Mu = 280 KN – m. Use fc’ = 20 MPa, fy = 300 MPa.
200 mm

150 mm

536 mm

As

300 mm

Solution:
600 𝑑 600 (536)
1) 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75 (600 +𝑓𝑦) = 0.75 [600 + 300] = 𝟐𝟔𝟖 𝒎𝒎.

2) 𝑎1 = 𝛽1 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.85 (268) = 𝟐𝟐𝟕. 𝟖 𝒎𝒎.

3) 𝑎2 = 𝑎1 − 150 = 227.8 − 150 = 𝟕𝟕. 𝟖 𝒎𝒎. y
a1
𝑎1 + 𝑎2 a2
𝐴𝑐1 = 100𝑎1 + (200)
2
227.8 + 77.8
𝐴𝑐1 = 100 (227.8) + ( ) (200) = 𝟓𝟑, 𝟑𝟒𝟎 𝒎𝒎𝟐
2

A (103) Y Ay (106)
1 68.34 113.9 7.784
2 -15 50 -0.75

𝚺 53.34 7.034

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Chapter 2 DESIGN OF BEAMS

7.034(106 )
ӯ1 = = 𝟏𝟑𝟏. 𝟖𝟕 𝒎𝒎.
53.34(103 )

4) 𝐶1 = 0.85 𝑓𝑐 ′𝐴𝑐1 = 0.85 (30)(53,340)(10−3 ) = 𝟗𝟎𝟔. 𝟕𝟖 𝑲𝑵

𝐶 906.78(103 )
5) 𝐴𝑠1 = 𝑓𝑦1 = 300
= 𝟑, 𝟎𝟐𝟐. 𝟔 𝒎𝒎𝟐
6) 𝑀𝑛1 = 𝐶1 (𝑑 − ӯ1 ) = 906.78(0.536 − 0.13187) = 𝟑𝟔𝟔. 𝟒𝟔 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎
𝑴𝒖 𝟐𝟖𝟎
𝑴𝒏𝟏 = 𝟑𝟔𝟔. 𝟒𝟔 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎 ≠ = = 𝟑𝟏𝟏. 𝟏𝟏 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎.
𝝓 𝟎. 𝟗𝟎
𝑀𝑢
𝜙 311.11
7) 𝐴𝑠2 = 𝑀𝑛 (𝐴𝑠1) = 366.46 (3,022.6) = 𝟐, 𝟓𝟔𝟔. 𝟎𝟕 𝒎𝒎𝟐
1
𝐴𝑠2 𝑓𝑦
8) 𝐴𝑐2 = = 2566.07(300)
= 𝟒𝟓, 𝟐𝟖𝟑. 𝟓𝟗 𝒎𝒎𝟐
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 0.85(20)

9) 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ӯ2

y
a

A (103) Y Ay (106)
1 60.285 100.475 6.057
2 -15 50 -0.75

𝚺 45.285 5.307

1
𝐴𝑐2 = 300𝑎2 − (150)(200) = 45,283.59
2
𝒂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎. 𝟗𝟓 𝒎𝒎.

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Chapter 2 DESIGN OF BEAMS

5.307(106 )
ӯ2 = = 𝟏𝟏𝟕. 𝟐𝟎 𝒎𝒎.
45.285 (103 )
1) 𝐶2 = 0.85 𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝐴𝑐2 = 0.85 (20)(45,283.59)(10−3 ) = 𝟕𝟔𝟗. 𝟖𝟐 𝑲𝑵.
2) 𝑀𝑛2 = 𝐶2 (𝑑 − ӯ2 ) = 769.82 (0.536 − 0.1172) = 𝟑𝟐𝟐. 𝟒 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎.

𝑴𝒖 𝟐𝟖𝟎
𝑴𝒏𝟐 = 𝟑𝟐𝟐. 𝟒 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎 ≠ = = 𝟑𝟏𝟏. 𝟏𝟏 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎.
𝝓 𝟎. 𝟗𝟎
𝑀𝑢
𝜙 311.11
3) 𝐴𝑠3 = 𝑀𝑛 (𝐴𝑠2 ) = 322.4 (2,566.07) = 𝟐, 𝟒𝟕𝟔. 𝟐𝟏 𝒎𝒎𝟐
2
𝐴𝑠3 𝑓𝑦
4) 𝐴𝑐3 = = 2476.21 (300)
= 𝟒𝟑, 𝟔𝟗𝟕. 𝟖𝟐 𝒎𝒎𝟐
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 0.85 (20)

y
a

A (103) Y Ay (106)
1 58.69 97.83 5.748
2 -15 50 -0.75

𝚺 43.697 4.998

1
𝐴𝑐3 = 300𝑎3 − (150)(200) = 43,697.82 𝑚𝑚2
2
𝒂𝟑 = 𝟏𝟗𝟓. 𝟔𝟔 𝒎𝒎.
4.998 (106 )
ӯ3 = = 𝟏𝟏𝟒. 𝟑𝟖 𝒎𝒎.
43.697 (103 )

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10) 𝐶3 = 0.85 𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝐴𝑐3 = 0.85 (20)(43,697.82)(10−3 ) = 𝟕𝟒𝟐. 𝟖𝟔 𝑲𝑵.

11) 𝑀𝑛3 = 𝐶3 (𝑑 − ӯ3 ) = 742.86 (0.536 − 0.11438)
𝑴𝒖 𝟐𝟖𝟎
𝑴𝒏𝟑 = 𝟑𝟏𝟑. 𝟐𝟏 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎. ≅ = = 𝟑𝟏𝟏. 𝟏𝟏 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎.
𝝓 𝟎. 𝟗𝟎
𝑀𝑢
𝜙 311.11
12) 𝐴𝑠4 = 𝑀𝑛 (𝐴𝑠3 ) = 313.21 (2,476.21) = 𝟐, 𝟒𝟓𝟗. 𝟔 𝒎𝒎𝟐
3

13) 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠: 𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 25 𝑚𝑚 𝜙 𝑏𝑎𝑟

𝐴𝑠 2459.6
𝑛= = = 5.01 ≈ 𝟓 𝒑𝒄𝒔. 𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒎 𝝓 𝒃𝒂𝒓𝒔.
𝐴𝑏 490.9
14) 𝐶ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑘 𝑏𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦

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Chapter 2 DESIGN OF BEAMS
3.3 Plate No. 7

Determine the required area of steel reinforcement for the beam

shown which is subjected to an ultimate moment of

Mu = 300 KN – m. Use fc’ = 25MPa, fy = 345 MPa.

100 100

100 mm

525 mm

300 mm

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