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510.2.2a EFFECTIVE AREA (NSCP 2015)

FILLET WELDS
The effective area of a fillet weld
Fillet welding refers to the process of shall be the effective length
joining two pieces of metal together multiplied by the effective throat.
whether they be perpendicular or at The effective throat of a fillet weld
an angle. These welds are commonly shall be the shortest distance
referred to as Tee joints which are two from the root to the face of the
pieces of metal perpendicular to each diagrammatic weld. An increase
other or Lap joints which are two in effective throat is permitted if
pieces of metal that overlap and are consistent penetration beyond
welded at the edges. the root of the diagrammatic weld
is demonstrated by tests using
the production process and
procedure variables.

510.2.2b Limitations The maximum size of fillet welds of connected parts shall be:
1. Along edges of material less than 6 mm thick, not greater than
The minimum size of fillet welds shall be not less than the size required the thickness of the material.
to transmit calculated forces, nor the size shown in Table 510.2.2. 2. Along edges of material 6 mm or more in thickness, not greater
than the thickness of the material minus 2 mm, unless the weld
Table 510.2.4 is especially designated on drawings to be built out to obtain
Minimum Size of Fillet Welds 𝒔𝒊𝒛𝒆 full-throat thickness. In the as-welded condition, the distance
Material Thickness of Minimum Size of Fillet 𝒘 𝑭𝑨𝑪𝑬 between the edge of the base metal and the toe of the weld is
Thinner Part Joined, mm Weld(a), mm permitted to be less than 2 mm provided the weld size is clearly
𝑻𝑶𝑬
To 6 inclusive 3 verifiable.
𝒘
Over 6 to 13 5
Over 13 to 19 6
Over 19 8
(a) Leg Dimension of fillet welds, single pass welds must be used.
Note: See Section 510.2.2b for maximum size of fillet weld.
𝑹𝑶𝑶𝑻 𝑻𝑯𝑹𝑶𝑨𝑻
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Table 8-34 510.2.4 Strength

Condensed AWS Specifications for SMAW Electrodes The design strength, ∅𝑅 , and the allowable strength, 𝑅 ⁄Ω, of welds
Electrode Grade Minimum Tensile shall be the lower of the base material and weld material strength
Type AWS Specs Strength, mPa determined according to the limit states of tensile rupture, shear or
𝐹 yielding as follows:
Carbon Steel A5.1M 43 430 For the base metal, 𝐹 = Nominal strength of the base
48 480 metal per unit area, mPa
𝑹𝒏 = 𝑭𝑩𝑴 𝑨𝑩𝑴 510.2-2
𝐹 = Nominal strength of the weld
Low Alloy A5.5M 48 480
For the weld metal, metal per unit area, mPa
55 550
62 620 𝐴 = Cross area of the base metal, mm2
𝑹𝒏 = 𝑭𝒘 𝑨𝒘 510.2-3
69 690 𝐴 = Effective area of the weld, mm2
76 760
83 830

𝒔𝒊𝒛𝒆 𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠

𝒘 𝑭𝑨𝑪𝑬 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑑:
𝑻𝑶𝑬 𝐹 = 0.60𝐹
𝐿
𝒘

𝑤 𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠

𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑:
𝑹𝑶𝑶𝑻 𝑻𝑯𝑹𝑶𝑨𝑻 𝑇𝐻𝑅𝑂𝐴𝑇 = 𝑤𝐶𝑜𝑠45 = 0.707𝑤
𝑃 𝜃
𝐼𝑓 𝑤𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑃 : 𝑓 =
0.707𝑤𝐿
𝐼𝑓 𝑤𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝐹 : 𝑅 = 0.707𝑤𝐿𝐹
𝐹 = 0.60𝐹 1 + 0.5𝑠𝑖𝑛 . 𝜃
𝐼𝑓 𝑤𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝐹 : 𝐹 = 0.60𝐹
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For simple welded 1. Use the basic weld strength 𝐹 = 0.60𝐹 PROBLEMS FOR FINAL EXAMS
connections with both for both longitudinal and transverse welds. NOTE: Submit answer/solution to these problems together with
longitudinal and 𝑅 =𝑅 +𝑅 your TECHNICAL PAPER.
transverse welds:
2. Use the 50% increase for the transverse PROBLEM 1:
weld, but reduce the basic strength by 15%
Determine the maximum
for the longitudinal welds. 𝑃𝐿9.5𝑚𝑚
service load that can be 𝑀𝐶150𝑥17.9
𝑅 = 0.85𝑅 + 1.5𝑅 applied if the live load-to-
dead load ratio is 2.5.
𝐿𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙
**Use larger of the two options Investigate all limit states.
𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 The tension member is 𝐸48
5
A572 steel and the gusset
plate is A36. 230𝑚𝑚

PROBLEM 2:
PROBLEM 3:
A PL12.7x200 mm of A36 steel is to be welded to a 9.5 mm thick
gusset plate A992 steel as shown. The length of the connection is A. Describe the different welding methods. Show a photo of
limited to 200 mm. Design a weld to develop the full tensile each method.
capacity of the tension member.
B. Sketch the basic welding symbols.
C. Draw the schematic diagram for the SMAW welding
𝑃𝐿9.5𝑚𝑚 𝑃𝐿12.7𝑥200𝑚𝑚 process.