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Pipe Roughness Coefficients Table Charts

Fluid Flow Table of Contents

Hydraulic and Pneumatic Knowledge

Fluid Power Equipment

Please note that because of the variation in roughness in these materials depending on the source, the roughness values reported here
have uncertainties ranging from ± 20 % for new wrought Iron to ± 70 % for riveted steel. A typical uncertainty in the roughness values
can be assumed to be in the range ± − 30 -50 %.

This table lists the roughness Coefficients of Specific roughness, Hazen-Williams Coefficient and Manning Factor.

Pipe Material Roughness Coefficients

Specific Roughness Hazen-Williams

Pipe Material Manning Factor, n

Factor, • , mm (ft) Coefficient, C

Steel, welded and seamless 0.061 (0.0002) 140 -

Steel, Sheet metal, new 5 x 10-2 (1.6 x 10-4)

Commercial, new 4.6 x 10-2 (1.5 x 10-4)

Steel, Riveted 3.0 (1 x 10-2)

Steel, Rusted 2.0 (7 x 10-3)

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Stainless 2 x 10-3 (7 x 10-6)

Ductile Iron 0.061 (0.0002) 130 -

Iron, Cast new 2.6 x 10-1 (8.5 x 10-4)

Iron, Wrough, new 4.6 x 10-2 (1.5 x 10-4)

Iron, Galvanized, new 1.5 x 10-1 (5 x 10-4)

Iron, Asphalted, cast 1.2 x 10-1 (4 x 10-4)

Ductile Iron, asphalt coated 0.12 (0.0004) 130 0.013

Copper and Brass 0.61 (0.002) 140 0.010

Brass, new 2 x 10-3 (7 x 10-6)

Glass 0.0015 (0.000005) 140 -

Thermoplastics 0.0015 (0.000005) 140 -

Drawn Tubing 0.0015 (0.000005) - -

Concrete, smoothed 4 x 10-2 (1.3 x 10-4)

Concrete, Rough 2.0 (7 x 10-3)

Rubber, Smoothed 1 x 10-2 (3.3 x 10-5)

Wood, Stave 5 x 10-1 (1.6 x 10-3)

Sources:

Hydraulic Institute, Engineering Data Book.

Various vendor data compiled by SAIC, 1998

F.M. White, Fluid Mechanics, 7th edition

Surface Roughness for Various New Polyethylene Pipes (PE Pipes)

‘ε’ Absolute Roughness of Surface, ft

Values for New Pipe

Values for
and Recommended

Type of Pipe New Pipe

Design Values Reported

Reported
by Reference (2)

by Reference (1) Mean Recommended

Value Design Value

Riveted steel 0.03 - 0.003 – –

Concrete 0.01 – 0.001 – –

Wood stave 0.0003 – 0.0006 – –

Cast Iron – Uncoated 0.00085 0.00074 0.00083

Cast Iron – Coated – 0.00033 0.00042

Galvanized Iron 0.00050 0.00033 0.00042

Cast Iron – Asphalt Dipped 0.0004 – –

Commercial Steel or Wrought Iron 0.00015 – –

0.000005

corresponds

Drawn Tubing – –
to

“smooth pipe”

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Uncoated Steel – 0.00009 0.00013

Coated Steel – 0.00018 0.00018

Uncoated Asbestos – Cement –

Cement Mortar

– 0.00167 0.00167
Relined Pipes (Tate Process)

Smooth Pipes “smooth pipe” “smooth pipe”

PE and

– ( 0.000005 feet) (0.000005)

other thermoplastics,

Brass, Glass and Lead) (See Note) (See Note)

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Note: Pipes that have absolute roughness equal to or less than 0.000005 feet are considered to exhibit “smooth pipe” characteristics.

Relative roughness and friction factors for new, clean pipes for flow of 60°F (15.6°C) water (Hydraulic Institute Engineering Data Book,
Reference 5) (1 meter 39.37 in = 3.28 ft).

Figiure 1, Click on image to enlage

Where:

f = friction factor

D = Diameter (inches)

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ε / D = Relative Roughness

ε = Measure of pipe wall roughness in feet (meters)

References:

1. Swierzawski, Tadeusz J. (2000). Flow of Fluids, Chapter B8, Piping Handbook, 7th edition, Mohinder L. Nayyar, McGraw-Hill, New York,
NY.

2. Lamont, Peter A. (1981, May). Common Pipe Flow Formulas Compared with the Theory of Roughness, Journal of the American Water
Works Association, Denver, CO.

Related Resources:

Kinematic Viscosity Equation Application

Pressure Drop Along Pipe Length
Fluid Characteristics Chart Table, Density, Vapor Pressure and Kinematic Viscosity
Hazen-Williams Coefficients Table
Hazen-Williams Water Pressure Drop
Head loss in a Pipe (Darcy - Weisback Equation) Calculator

HDPE Pipe Floats - rotational

molding technology OPEN
High performance dredge pipe floats for the worldwide
dredging industry xinchengplastic.com/China/Pipe+Float

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