* Enery floo Dia91om Corth

Solay ener9y is Teceived on earth in Ho

sola
Yadiations. Yadotion is to totonl
sorm electromagneic Yadiation
fhegvency
heqvency spectyom 9
Sun. Tus Spectrom covers
-S proobced by the
near- visible Ta diation Such as
visible 19kt and
x-Ya uravioleB Yadiation, infrayea Yadiation Ond
X-Yo
Yadio waves
Sola Yadioion pa[s turougk th atmosple.
and are ab Sorbt3 eárth.Somè t i s absorbe
ener9y s reflecte back. Fortunately us
Yagiated ueat can not escape trom tui atmospl
-ere the earth Some t u s Tadiated energ
energ
is tropped b a no.0reen hovsegases prese
nt in the atmospheve.
b wlick "inci dert
Absorption is tut process
Yadiant enèrgy is Yetained by dSobsStonce". In
ea1 tu, the sbbstonte
is the atm
ener9y flow
sphele when he atmospuere absorhs Cnergy tho
sp&te.
Yesult is an iyeveYSible tranSJ0rmation nda
on into anotker 2orm ene 91 Tuis ener9
iS tronsjormed accoraing to noture o
mediumdon 9 t absobing.
Or9 absor bin9gmedivm Can also lo moc
more. Tue meiunm Will only absoYb a porton
H H total ener9y o Otuar energ1 ill ether
be reecttd, e)racted, or scattere.Tho energ
ab bed can also be transmitted back into
otor ports to atmosphere
TLe atmo SPlore waS many dlerent 9s
and Paricles Contoined in Ty absorb dnod it.
transmit many digere wOve lentAs electo
mag netic Yadiation, T wavelengths Hot pass
tarougk ta atmosplue onabsoibed consitute
He atmDSpuericoindows'
the
windows throog tus
atmospkevic
kD
fig).Note
slown in
Eat's atmosplere
Earli's
ove
tlo "oind
te 9ore that tls valleys are
om is very litle attenuation
ows'. Here He
meium it passes
Stadiation b tle

Rodho
x-ro UV visible Intioneo
T

om
cm 1dm en e
mm
mm
wave Ear's atmos plere
the
Fig): windowS tro0gh turee d)ie
mainlyccavsed by
AbSorption is to popolar
Crent admoSpkeric
9ases contrary
water vapoor causes H host 'absop
befea, COTbon dioide an d tken o~one
- Hon olowed by tho to tal incoming
we Can Se ow muck
tho atmosplere abs0rbs
picaly absorbs
Stadiation
flouw dia9ram to earlu
F) Ene9y magneBic
AHmosp ueriC absorption electto
Taiatton elps e Eart in tu0 woyS
kumans by pre ventng9 u u.
(0) Absorption kelps to Soråce wl
rodioton hom eaclin
-
Ener
Ener94
ch Timits OUY eypo SUTe to "karm)ul Yadiaton
ue absorbs most tuo Tadation
otmosphee
 he kvoy oeqion
DtYa violel YeNon thvoug
1Comingsolay2)m ton waV
oinnl
l0/ Reflecled Soav3aw Yadkaio
Yaclia tion 342,Wm .3G om Yadaao
lo7 Wm
Reflectd by clas GmitHd
atmo crteto yhay Ho w
165 0tmospkau
64Abcdbed
wmPheu b wm windou
atmosphtwu

7 m

2 4 u m
, Y h

Refleck by
Sorface 3Sow 324w
backHon
Yodia
34oWm
18WJmY SUrsaceel
34m Yodi4tion 3Mw
Hhermas Eva absorbe
168 wm tYanprahio bySurfaCe
absor bed
diagram to Eavth
by Sorfae

Energy lou
whick a bsorpion kelps
is wuicu
IS
se cond way it.t T) we
i wDe T)
Tlo eat Source or
Earth is as a SecHon tlo entire
en
CYOSS
vey tical
take note tuot the temperat
tuot tue tempera
we wwld
ot mo Splere,
increases with ueigut. 7is incre
Ure 9enerally incr
n Henperature iS Cause 6 an
ase
in absorption radiat
electro mag ntic
ase
nwith uigut due to igher Con centrattCo
u u - enegy wave leng absorbing1 gases
sent at iher almos pueric evels
pre
 development ona
energy in economic
Role
Ocial tanSibrmation derived
fvom tuo
is
TtAo wOYOd enery meanSin-woYk
OY
Oy
ach
seek word en-e90 Lohich
is essentia)
for every

0OYk COnHent
Con4ent Ene
Eney
aivity in lis wo'vld,wh
i e Any plustcaluman beings ov by hatu
n beings
ed oul by energyin oneorm
ether CaYyi to loo tue
Te, is caused dlue wovk ootpöt defends on
Or to oter. Tue inpots for He
ener9y inpvt tue major inpotsIndosia
TndoStia
Enery is one COuntry
Country.
any and
eConomic
development
ecohomic
owtu
to for e conomic
economic
Contnbutes
fo
factorsavai
tho factors
ization
eneyg4.
one 9 labihty ene
availabili
ene
ty
Yequires H term
ong term an
accessile
development i dffordable,
YesovYCes
that are enviYonment. Ene
envivonment.Ene
y nob Pollote the Wth
ei DSe does inoicatDY economic 91o
Consump tion iS
an

a natHon focwsing n enc

contries, byinHensive Youtes
Tue development ener9y-nlensiv
Youteg
and looer
efficiency at valves
at valdes
1 tueir ener9y
to GDpYatios
maintain
. TYa tos for devebping count
less tlon
higuey.
muck
es are
and Standord liuin9 (Socio
Ener
Enery consumption
transtormation):-
acce ss to moden ener9y SErvices IS
Energy
Socio- economiC development. Tuis
essental ) wovld,
inclodes vemoval PoveyY also In the
india, CYoYes ) pe6ple lack access to
incloding Services such as effect
affordale basic energy
now
-elghting and clean Cookin9.Tuis hasday tuere
been teÝmed as energy Poverty". To touch
is a gvowing focos on Eherg Pover ty
mplieS access to modern eñer9Y servi
lack
-cés Tuese Services are defined as household's
and clean cooking SolnS
access to electric ty
G0ch as
Such as fuels and cooking Stoves that ave no
haYmtoto health CandenviYoment.
B Social transtormation we meon to
easetua
increa
se Stondard lving people Tue
ener9y Consumption o naton can be b100ly
dividedin
aivide into to following aveas o sectors fe
- naling
noding eney- Yelaed actvi Hes
Domastic sectoY (oUSes,offices and inclodi
Commercial boildin9s) do
TransPOY tatonSector onoBo
3 Agricolture Sector
Inolus Eyy Sector
aston9 poSi tie coYvela tion bw
Tuereis
guality 9 life.
energy use in tuese Sectors and
Tuis may imply better cComtorts athome due
betteY transPo11
to DSe 6 voviobs appliances,
agricoltural Cnd industrial
tacili ties and mOYe
Al His aount toa beter uality
Prodocton
ife
*
G1obal wOYmin9
Recent human activi ties are enhanCing the
natural9reenhause effect. Te Concentrations
certain yeenhouse gases in tu atmospkere
are
a re
increéasing. As ayesult we are beginning to
expevience lobal waTmin
Gilobal waming is caused by a thick bla blo
n ket ases (ca1bon diovide, melhane, chloroflo
n ket and 0tueY air pollu
orocavbon. nitro0S, Owide, etc)
tonts hat is building UP in tue Clmo spuere
waYmer. Tuis blanket
be cause Earth gets
Permits le entr 0 Sun
hot- house gases the
bot does not peimit
Yays on He eoar th to 90 bact to
etun Ye flected ener9 6on
Hence H earth qet wamer.
Upper Otrmospkere.
 COal buning in pow0ey plants is Javest
TCe
ce carbon dionicde Pollo tion. Automobiles o
to Second lav9est SoOYCe. App]lica Hon ) C
fey Hl12er Causes emission ) tou5Oide
melhane. looking q
Gray
Ta ba9e
bage dumPs produce
A
ta Shurce emission,

Efects lobal waming make lae aea

wodld
Cnloba) waymin9 mossive
wOYld uninhabitable and
Cause
t wide
food and watey storage. i s can SPark
Spread migration andPossibly wars, Many
o bal waming effecks
are alréhdy being obn
and felt
Some 9 Hu Possbe efects a lobal kdam

Extreme weatheY Conditon o6r

earth has been is
TuQ temperature
at H rale1c per centuy vntl tu
n9 lihit to ulic
mid 19o'S Tis is t uPper
to a dapt
most ecOR Systems are able
monsoon patterns
(oub
and
H ORainfall warmS. Some 9
tio e o
Hu planeB cous
out while oters
Shift as
tuo world Coold dyy
exce ssive
raintall-1eading to tloods ae
Yeceive
increaSin9 Sol
eroSion 9
CauSe me
inCrease in tmp Can a\so
Tu tHo
tO wOod
wO)
stoms in many Parts o
treguent
that have not expenenced
regions
incloding
including
in u Past
Such acivity
2 5ea level
Melting glaciers ce capsand will eocd to
yising
Sea
Sea level. tus wouldéad o
f n o o d i n 9 all ound Ho coasta
9lobe AL SO, to maine
PcO Sy SteTms Would also be disopted,
ecoSyStems

Cobsto
Coastal
Loe tlands 0oud mean uot losslodoling
bree
qToUnds
e 9fish Simps and birds. DisrUplon
habitols
Coold
Such as coral Teefs and alpin mêa
Coold drive
-ODS
many plantS and anima Sec
ies t etincHon
An incYease in tempera
ture olcause
Oceans to expancd us can turtuoy acce latate
in miSing &ea level.
3 water esourceS
Grlobal rainfall Pattern will chare ang
HO waterLoi management stralegies diferent
ions ll have to Oslapt totese
Droughts and fl0ods will become chanjes.
Yegions
more Com
mon
to
mon. Theve
Theve aYe chances roundund waBer Suppie
to be Con tominaled wth sea water in Severa
parts
Parts t orld: Ri sing temperaBures wiv
increaSe H domestic oler demand
Agricolture and foresty
Muera Loill be more chanceS Hor cop
foilore and famine even in productive Yegions
9Broadleafworlo Forestry
trees coul
would also
Soffer as a
be afecta
esolt 9
olro vgkt Lolere asconifer plantations are hk
ely to be come more Productive. Tus u
have ia Serious implications for t brodiversSity
9 OUr wood lands.
5Tewestrial ecosystem
Many Species, pawHcularly Plants, vould
be onable to migrate to new and Suitable habita4
be
habidat
S. Tus Could ledd to Yapid loss biolbgical
 ecoromic imfor
dives and natual YesooNces

Fnce
Human health there ave dhances
Ove tle long term, COu
diseaseS. Human5
tor ince
TOY increase n Certain
tace troobde Some new pestS and moYe masg
airpolution is key to
bome diseases- Urhan effects in
arad its associatrd
il- hêalth
DOVse
-asea
Ecoromic conseguences
Te dasasBer Yelief costs to 9ovem
ents will vise including tut in sUrance
claim claim
toH insuYance compamieS
oavming
MeaSoves to cUYb global Contibuto to gbba
moSt impor tant
Tue uuincvease in atmosplkeric to, le
woming is Yedoced by
due to luman actin ty. T can be

ReouC;n9 Use fossil fuels

Coemissions can be cot by Yeducine
and uilisin9 yeneunble
Hl vse fossil fvels
esovYces Such as wind, Solay
and hydro Pou
l also vedue emis
Reducing fossile fuel use ioxide and otone.
methane, nitrous
- ions
fores taton and trees.H
i5 ConSumed by plantS
CO implemênt
deforest&ton and
Ce b Teversing projramés, Co, levels may be
-Ce,
ng reforestation
Yeduced in tuu atmospleve
3 Inolividval efforts
To Ye ave many Simple Steps an indivie
- val can toke to check global waming. we sho
make con serving
d make
-
a
partefergy
dolly To Dtine. for example, we Can Swrtch om
a ele
 Stonclad inCandescent igut bulb to a CFL.
we
amount
looeY
caT
OOY
enerq
bondioid
andd Keep a large
oot q tua dir Ove
bulb's
bulb's liHe imeTvees
caybon dioide. Hence,
also help to Yedu
-ng
taking Plege to,
we, Can
helpby
Plant and PYo tectrees. USin
-9 CNG vehicles Can also be helpfb in reduc
in9 emissions. ro poob bb 220l 5p0
 pepletio
Depletion
oZone ayer R
OZone is C
a9aS foun d rougkoot tue
atmospuere. Tt is
uly concentraled in tho
strato sPluex (bw lo to 60 km akove sea leve
olereit is known as H Otone layer" life
On tto
on t eart's SUTface wovld not be'poSSible
withoot
witkoot totu 0tone layey. TwOTkSke
Umbre l and an
protects
vltra- voilel Yadiation
US from to damag
Ho son.
BaSically Otone is H Simple combi
- nation oturee Ogen molecoles (o3) Being
a naturaConsHtuent tl Sttatospluere d
is regutarly formed and destoyed in a
Cyclic
Cyclic manneY with Solay Yadiations as t
dYving torce. In tho absenCe any oter
olis tuybanceS, Og Settles into a dnamic Ste
ady StOte in wich He Yade t S tömat
on 15 equal to tHo rate i destrve ton.
 Otone de ple ton Yefers to Ho chomicall
duced breakup 9 a molecoles in tu srat
Splexe. AUYnin Ho 191o's Sdenists be
began
Cpressing ConcernsS about Ho elfectsa
mdn- made chomicals Suc as clloro tlud
CaYbons (CFCS) kad on u o~ong 1ayer
eplace ment o t o and tree o'mok
-les meant an se in te ovn'5 utravoile
Ya diation (uv-0) Teacking Hu earth. Recent evi
ence hashas Shoon thal ceytoin part tu Otre "

layer ave becoming thinney and o~one holes

leadS to inCreasing tu po
hove developed. 1
Sibility Skin cancer and oHOY danders to
luuman hea)th
E
Effects o~one layer depletion
The elfects 0 increase in tue
an
amoont Ov-3 Yadia ton Yeacuing Ho Ca

HSUface are
0)Human health
TCavSes skin cancer, leads to eye dise
-ase and is a qeneral immunolo9i cal Soppers
ant
3 Agricolture and plant He p
p CYOp iclds can suffe. exposove to uigk
concenraHons UV Yachation haS Shouon to vea
-DCe te growth and leod development most
plant varleHes.
3, Mavine envivonment
Uv-E Causes divect damage to young
ayvae and otwY Sma
fish, shrimp andcrap
animals, TLe means a ye duction in fish sto
marine Cmmals and seabirdS
Mater
erial degrodation
Mony plastics Sper wlen enpose
UV TOdioation. ploto
UY

chermical neacHons caug

COug
Re properties `uch materials to change Tuus
skorHens Hoir
Usefol liHe
Sovingt OZone oer
B H H middle Ho 1980'S Some co Co
ntries t world areed to regulale Hus use
Otone deple tion chemical1S Tuey Codified
agree ment in Ha form mul mlat
hat
that
is Hu
Leral
eral eaties. The otone secretan t
forma body for Coordinaing State octhvi
Because CFCS and otl Otone deple ing
Sobstances are Osed for foPulation ConSumer
items Such as Telri geraton and Het air
conditoners, Underground llegal tYade in
Otone deple ting Sobstance pickëa P whue in
Ho legal rdde left
Tu vesolt is Hat afler nearly forty ples
ars molti lateral activiy otone depleton is
SHI a problem
Saving He Otone laer YegiveS e
o planet de phase out CFCS
altemative prodicts withovt DSn9 CFs
)Developing