QUESTION 1

Figure 1 shows a phase diagram fo Cu-Ni alloy

Figure 1

a) An alloy of composition 40 wt.% Ni and 30 wt.% Cu is slowly heated from a

temperature of 1200 °C .
(i) At what temperature does the first liquid phase form. [1 mark]
(ii) What is the composition of the liquid phase [1 mark]
(iii) At what temperature does complete melting of the alloy occur [1 mark]

(iv) What is the composition of the last solid remaining prior to complete
melting[1 mark]

b) A 50% Ni-Cu alloy is cooled from liquid state to 1300 °C. Determine
(i) What phase(s) is (are) present? [2 marks]
(ii) What is (are) the compositions of the phase(s)? [3 marks]

QUESTION 2

a) With the aid of a well labelled phase diagram, explain what is meant by the
following terms;
(i) Liquidus line [1 mark]
 (ii) Solidus line [1 mark]
(iii) Peritectic system [2 marks]
(v) Solvus line [1 mark]

Use the lead–tin alloy phase diagram in Figure 2 to answer the following
questions.
b) What are the compositions and temperature at point 1 and 2 and what phases
are present at both points respectively? [6 marks]

Figure 2: Lead-tin equilibrium phase diagram

c) The alloy at point 1 is cooled very slowly to room temperature (25 °C),
maintaining
equilibrium.
(i) Identify the temperature of the phase boundary at which changes in the
phase occurs.
(ii) What phase (s) is (are) present below the phase boundary? [2 marks]
d) The alloy at point 2 is cooled slowly to 150 °C
(i) At what temperature does the first solid phase form? [1 mark]
(i) What phase(s) is (are) present? [2 marks]
ii) What is (are) the compositions of the phase(s)? [3 marks]
iii) What is the relative amount of each phase present, in mass fraction?[4]
e) Determine
(i) The solubility of tin in lead at 100 °C [1 mark]
(ii) The maximum solubility of lead in tin. [1 mark]
QUESTION 3
a) Figure 1.1 below shows a lead – tin equilibrium phase diagram
Figure 1.1: Lead-tin equilibrium phase diagram

Determine
(i) The solubility of tin in lead at 790C [2marks]
(ii) The maximum solubility of lead in tin [2marks]
(iii) The maximum solubility of tin in lead [2marks]

(iv) The amount of β that forms if Pb-38%Sn alloy is cooled to 1000C

[2marks]