 5-6 litre in body

 7% of body weight is blood.

 90% of blood is water
 Ph is 7.4
 BLOOD : 55% Plasma & 45% Blood Cells
 45% BLOOD CELL(RBC, WBC, PLATELETS)
44% RBC & 1% WBC AND PLATELETS
 PLASMA (55%)
RED BLOOD CELLS/Red Blood
Corpuscles (RBC)
 Erythrocytes
 Formation in Bone marrow
 Death/Breakdown in spleen and liver
 Life span 120 days
 4.5-5.5 million/mm3 of blood.
 Function: Transportation of oxygen to all cells
in body and collect co2.
 Red appears red due to the presence of
hemoglobin.
 Hb Range- 12-16 hb/100ml of blood
 Hemoglobin contains complex molecule
called Iron.
 44% of blood
 Excess amount of iron in our body cases
siderosis.
 Breakdown of RBC- Erthrolysis.
 Decrease in RBC cause Anemia, Jaundice’
WHITE BLOOD CELLS (WBC)
 Leukocytes
 Colorless Cells
 Constructed in Bone marrow(white bone
marrow), spleen.
 6000-8000 wbc/mm3
 Life span 3-5 days
 RBC:WBC 600:1
 FUNCTIONS:-
 Part of immune system and increase
immunity
 Protect us from bacteria
 Also Known as Body Guard of Body
 Fight against diseases
 Types of WBC-
 Monocytes
 Lymphocytes – B-Lymphocytes, T
lymphocytes
 Basophills
 Eosinophills
 Neutrophills
 Monocyte cell are the largest cell of our
blood.
 RBC is our blood cell.
 During AIDS the T-Lymphocytes cells are
effected
  Test for AIDS- Elisa Test & Western Blot Test.
 During Blood cancer or any cancer wbc first
decreases and then increases.
 Blood Cancer is called Leukemia. (Study of
Cancer= Oncology)
 Pigment in hair and skill- melanin (Skin
Cancer- Melanoma)
PLATELETS
 Thrombocytes
 Formation in bone marrow (Yellow bone
marrow)
 1.5-3.5 lakh plates/mm3 of blood.
 LIFE SPAN 5-9 days
 Functions: Clotting and Coagulation, Prevent
bleeding
 Decrease in platelets Causes: Dengue (Break
Bone Fever, chikungunia)
 Blood Clotting factors
 Vitamin K- Phyliquinone
 Mineral- Calcium
 Fibrin
 Thrombin
 Prothrombin
 Fibrogen
  Blood Doesn’t clot in our blood vessels due to
the presence of anti-blood factor- heparin.

PLASMA
 Liquid material of blood is called plasma.
 Plasma = Blood-(RBCs+WBCs+Platelets)
 Total Blood – 55%
 Plasma Contains – 90-92% water, 6-8%
protein, 1-2% other glucose, salt, ions etc.
 Plasma without blood clotting factors is
called serum.
 Serum is used to make vaccine.
 First vaccine is made by Edward Jenner
for Small Pox.
RATIO RBC: WBC: PLATELETS
600:1:40
SPLEEN: An abdominal organ involved in the
production and removal of blood cells.
BONE MARROW: It is a spongy tissue inside some
of your bones. It manufactures bone marrow stem
cells which further produce blood cells.
BLOOD GROUP
Discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1900.
He discovered A, B & O group.
AB blood group was discovered by Sterki and Von
Decastello.
Rh Factor- Present (Rh+) & Absent (Rh-)
Positive can receive blood from negative.
Negative cannot receive blood form positive
receiving.

A+ A+, A-, O+, O-

A- A-, O-
B+ B+, B-,O+, O-
B- B-, O-
AB+ AB+, AB-, A+, A-, B+, B-, O+, O-
(Universal Acceptor)
AB- AB-. A-, B-, O-
O+ O+, O-
O+ O-(Universal Donor)

AB+- Universal Acceptor

0- - Universal donor but can only receive from
O-