MULTI STAGE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

Experiment No. 5

AIM : To determine the efficiency of multi stage centrifugal pump.

APPARATUS : 1. Stop watch

2. Steel rule
3. Multi stage centrifugal test rig.

THEORY : The centrifugal pump is coupled to a DC motor mounted on a

sturdy iron base plate. The suction pipe is provided with a
suction gauge and foot valve. The delivery pipe with a
primary valve, delivery control valve and a pressure gauge.
The discharge from the pump is measured using a collecting
tank with a gauge glass and scale fittings. The control panel
switch starter and energy meter provided on an ms stand.

PROCEDURE : Prime the pump, close the delivery valve and switch on the
unit open the delivery valve and maintain required delivery
head. Note the suction head corresponding.
Measure the area of the collecting tank. Close the drain
valve and collect water for 20cm raise of water level in the
tank. The actual discharge is given by AR/T m 3/sec. For
various head note the discharge for every set of reading note
the time taken for 10 revolutions of the energy meter.

FORMULAE : Efficiency (η) = Output/input

Output = ((WQH)/736) (H.P)
Head (H) = Pressure gauge reading and vacuum gauge reading
in Meters.
W= Specific Weight of Water = 9810 N/m3
Discharge Q = (AR/T) m3/sec
A = Area of the Collecting tank
R = Rise of water Level
T = Time Taken For rise of water.
Input = (n* ηm) / (t*E) (watts)
= ((n/t)*2.44) (H.P)
Where n = No. of revolutions considered in the energy meter.
E = Energy Meter Constant. (1500)
ηm= Mechanical Efficiency (75%)
t = time taken for “n” Revolutions

PRECAUTIONS : While starting the pump the delivery valve should be in open
position.
TABLE:
S.No. 1 2 3 4
Pressure gauge reading
(kg/cm2)
Pressure head Hd in m.
Suction gauge reading
(mm of Hs)
Suction head Hs in m.

Volume of water
collected (Vo) m3
Time taken in the
collecting tank. “t” sec.
: Flow rate Q=Vo/t
(m3/sec)
Total Head H=
Hd+Hs+Hg (m)
Time taken for “n”
revolutions in energy
meter.
Motor input power
n/t *2.44 H.P
Output power
WQH/736 H.P
Pump efficiency
(Output/input)*100
SOME OF THE CONVERSIONS:
 Pressure Gauge Reading from Kgf / cm2 into meter.
X*10
Where X is the value of Pressure Gauge in Kgf / cm2.

 Suction Gauge Reading from mm of Hg into meter.

(X*10.33) / 760.
Where X is the value of Vacuum Gauge in mm of Hg.

 Where Hg is the difference in Height between Pressure Gauge and Vacuum

Gauge.

RESULT: Efficiency of the centrifugal pump =

OBSERVATIONS:

Dimensions of the collecting tank = length =0.3m

Width =0.3m
Area of the collecting tank =l*b =0.3*0.3
=0.09m2.
Height of pressure gauge above the suction gauge (hg) =0m
Number of revolutions per KWH in the energy meter =1500
OBSERVATIONS:

Dimensions of the collecting tank = length =0.3m

Width =0.3m
Area of the collecting tank =l*b =0.3*0.3
=0.09m2.
Height of pressure gauge above the suction gauge (hg) =0m
Number of revolutions per KWH in the energy meter =1500
Height of rise of the tank =20cm
Number of revolutions in the energy meter =10
Consider speed of the motor =1500

Tabular form:

S.No. 1 2 3 4
Pressure gauge 0 0.3 0.6 1
reading (kg/cm2)
Pressure head Hd 0 3 6 10
in m.
Suction gauge 520 495 480 440
reading (mm of
Hg)
Suction head Hs in 7.06 6.73 6.52 5.98
m.
Volume of water 0.0207 0.0207 0.0207 0.0207
collected (Vo) m3
Time taken for 36 38 39 40
collection “t” sec.
Flow rate Q=Vo/t 5.75*10-4 5.45*10-4 5.31*10-4 5.18*10-4
(m3/sec)
Total Head H= 14.12 19.46 25.04 31.96
Hd+Hs+Hg (m)
Time taken for “n” 23 21 20 19
revolutions in
energy meter. Sec
Motor input power 0.88 0.97 1.02 1.07
n/t *4.07 H.P
Output power 0.108 0.142 0.178 0.22
WQH/736 H.P
Pump efficiency 12.27% 14.63% 17.43% 20.55%
(Output/input)*100

CALCULATIONS:

Actual Discharge (Qact) = (Area of the tank*height of rise of the tank) / time taken.
= (0.1035*0.2)/36
= 5.75*10-4 m3/sec.
Output power = (WQH)/736
= (9810*5.75*10-4 *36)/736
=0.108 h.p.
Input power = (n/t)*4.07
= (5/23)*4.07
=0.88 h.p

Efficiency =Output/Input
=0.108/0.88
=12.27%.

Overall Efficiency of the centrifugal pump = 16.22%

GRAPHS: 1) Q vs H 2) Q vs Efficiency

Q vs H
Q vs Efficiency

Q vs Input power
Q vs Output power