Ex.

No: CHARACTERISTICS OF REFLEX KLYSTRON

Date:

Aim:
To study the characteristics of Reflex Klystron.

Apparatus Required:

Klystron power supply, Klystron tube, isolator, Frequency meter, variable

attenuator, detector mount, waveguide stand, CRO, VSWR meter.

Theory:
The reflex klystron makes use of velocity modulation to transform a
continuous electron beam into microwave .Electrons emitted from the
cathode are accelerated and passed through the positive resonator towards
negative reflector, which retards and finally reflects the electron and turns
back through the resonator. The accelerated electron leaves the resonator at
an increased velocity and the retarded electrons leave at the reduced
velocity. The electrons leaving the resonator will need different times to
return due to change in velocities. As a result the returning electrons group
together in bunches and will be delivered to the resonator and the klystron
will oscillate. The frequency is primarily determined by the dimension of the
resonant cavity. Hence by changing the volume of resonator, mechanical
tuning is Possible. Also a small frequency range can be obtained by
adjusting reflector voltage. This is called electronic tuning range.

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Procedure:
1. Set up the equipments as shown in figure.
2. Keep the position of variable attenuator at minimum position.
3. Check the Klystron power supply. Switch on the power supply
keeping the knob on the front panel in ‘BEAM OFF’ position. Wait
for few minutes and then change the switch to ‘BEAM ON’ position.
The meter on the power supply should indicate 250 V which can be
adjusted by beam control.
4. Set the mode selector switch to AM-MOD position, beam voltage
control knob at fully clockwise position.
5. Keep the amplitude knob of AM modulator to maximum position and
the reflector voltage anticlockwise to get modes.
6. By changing the reflector voltage, observe the power change in
VSWR meter for various modes.
7. Plot the graph between repeller voltage and output power.

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Block diagram:

Klystron Isolator Frequency Variable

Source meter attenuator

CRO Waveguide
detector mount

Observation:
Microwave Frequency :
Beam Voltage:
Beam Current:

Repeller voltage(V) Output voltage(mv)

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Result:

Inference :

MAX. MARKS MARKS

CATEGORY
ALLOTED AWARDED
PREPARATION 30

PERFORMANCE 30

RESULT 10

VIVA-VOCE 20

RECORD 10

TOTAL 100

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