DAY 12 – INVERSION

WH + Aux V + S + V
Do/does/ did + S + Vo

Will/can + S + Vo

Have/has/had + S + V3/ed

Am/is/are + S + V3/ed/ing

Be + S + adj

Từ đảo ngữ + Aux V + S + V

1. Câu đảo ngữ trạng từ chỉ tần suất (thường là các trạng từ mang nghĩa phủ định)

Never/Rarely/Seldom/Hardly/Little + Aux V + S + V

Ví dụ:

- I never drink milk tea for fear that I will get fat

=> Never do I drink milk tea for fear that I will get fat.

- I knew little about chemistry

=> Little did I know about chemistry.

- She rarely spends time on playing video games

=> Rarely does she spend time on playing video games.

 
2. Câu đảo ngữ với No hoặc Not any

No + N + Aux V + S + V
Not any + N + Aux V + S + V
Ví dụ:

I will not lend you any more money since you haven’t pay me back last time

=> No more money will I lend you since you haven’t pay me back last time.

hoặc Not any money will I lend you since you haven’t pay me back last time.

3.  Câu đảo ngữ với Only

Only once/ Only later/ Only then/ Only in this way + Aux V+ S + V
Only after/ Only when + S + Ved+ Aux V+ S + V
Only by/ Only with + N + Aux V+ S + V
Only in + N + Aux V+ S + V
Only if + Clause, + Aux V+ S + V

Ví dụ:

- Only once did I meet her.

- Only in this way can the project be done quickly.

- Only when the show ended could she go to the bathroom.

- Only with courage could we finish our challenge.

- Only in Vietnam did they see such beautiful landscapes.

- Only if she was not sick, could she attend the concert with her friends.

4. Câu đảo ngữ với So và Such

So + adv + Aux V + S + V + that + Clause

So + adj + Aux V + S + that + Clause
Such + article + adj + N + S + V + that + Clause

Ví dụ:
- The watch was so costly that I could not afford it

=> So costly was the watch that I could not afford it.

-  It was such a beautiful day that we could not just stay inside the house

=> Such a beautiful day it was that we could not just stay inside the house.

5. Câu đảo ngữ với Not until

Not until + Aux V + S + V + that + Clause

Ví dụ:

It was not until my teacher graded my paper poorly that I realized that there was a mistake

=> Not until did my teacher grade my paper poorly that I realized that there was a mistake.

6. Câu đảo ngữ với trạng từ

Adv + Aux V + S + V

Ví dụ:

- She cooked the meal perfectly

=> Perfectly did she cook the meal.

- The room was decorated tastefully

=> Tastefully was the room decorated.

7. Câu đảo ngữ Not only – but also

Not only + Aux V + S + V, but + S + also + V

Ví dụ:

- Not only does he speak English very well, but he also can speak Chinese fluently.

- Not only was the food amazing, but the service was also very satisfying.
8. Câu đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại 1,2,3

If + S + Vs/es/o S + will + Vo

 Should + S + Vo

If + S + V2/ed/were S + would + Vo

 Were + S + to Vo
 Were + S + adj/ N

If + S + had + V3/ed S + would have + V3/ed

 Had + S + V3/ed

Với câu điều kiện loại 1

Should + S + Vo + will/should/may + Vo

Ví dụ:

- If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the camping trip

=> Should it rain tomorrow, we will cancel the trip.

- If they don’t approve the proposal, we will have to find another solution

=> Should they not approve the proposal, we will have to find another solution.

Với câu điều kiện loại 2

Were + S + to + Vo, S+ would/could/might + Vo

Were + S, S+ would/could/might + Vo

Ví dụ:

- If I had money, I would buy that mansion

=> Were I to have money, I would buy that mansion.

- If I were her, I would focus more on studying

=> Were I her, I would focus more on studying.

Với câu điều kiện loại 3

Had + S + PP, S + would/should/might have + PP

Ví dụ:

- If she had not eaten that dish, she would not have been sick

=> Had she not eaten that dish, she would not have been sick.

- If he had scored the goal, his team would have won the match

=> Had he scored the goal, his team would have won the match.

Một số cấu trúc khác

- No sooner… than

- Scarely… when

- Hardly… when ... + had + Chủ ngữ + Động từ P3 + … + Chủ ngữ + Động từ QK

Ví dụ: No sooner had he come than she left.

=> Hardly had he come when she left.

9. Các cấu trúc câu đảo ngữ khác

- At no time

- On no condition

- On no account

- Under no circumstances

- For no reason

- No longer

- In no ways + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ + Động từ

Ví dụ:
- Under no circumstances can you skip classes.

- No longer did I live there.

- In no ways can the project be finished tomorrow.

 PRACTICE
Exercise 1
Viết lại các câu sau với cấu trúc đảo ngữ bắt đầu bằng Only
1. He only thought about having a holiday abroad after he retired.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
2. I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
3. It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted defeat.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
4. I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
5. They didn’t get round to business until they had finished eating.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
6. They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
7. I didn’t realize who he was until later.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
8. The door could not be opened without using force.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
9. I won’t agree until Tom’s apologized.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
10.The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day.
=> Only ______________________________________________.
 Exercise 2
Viết lại các câu sau với cấu trúc đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện
1. If the salary were high, the job would be worth doing.
=> Were _______________________________________________.
2. Would you visit me if I were sent to prison?
=> Were _______________________________________________.
3. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
4. If I were rich, I could afford to buy an expensive car.
=> Were _______________________________________________.
5. If I were you, I would tell him the truth.
=> Were _______________________________________________.
6. If he weren’t busy right now, he could help them.
=> Were _______________________________________________.
7. If she had said sorry, he wouldn’t have been angry.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
8. If the computer hadn’t broken down and I wouldn’t have had to stop my work.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
9. If he hadn’t been angry, I would have said something.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
10. If his friends hadn’t been late, they wouldn’t have missed the train.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
 Exercise 3
Viết lại các câu sau với cấu trúc đảo ngữ So/Such
1. The weather is so beautiful that we decided to go to the beach.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
2. He is so strong that he can lift the box.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
3. He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him.
=> Such_____________________________________________________________.
4. He ate so much food that he became ill.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
5. It is such hot coffee that I can’t drink it.
=> Such_____________________________________________________________.
6. He bought so many books that he didn’t know where to put them.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
7. She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her.
=> Such_____________________________________________________________.
8. This book is so boring that I couldn’t finish it.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
9. He was such a fast speaker that we couldn’t understand him.
=> Such_____________________________________________________________.
10. She was so tired that she fell asleep in the armchair.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
 Exercise4
Viết lại các câu sau với cấu trúc đảo ngữ của các câu điều kiện
1. If you need some more money, take an extra 200.
2. If I were your father, I would insist you practice harder.
3. If my girlfriend calls, please let me know right away.
4. If I had thought of the right words, I would have told them what I was thinking!
5. If I were a rich kid, I would not have to worry about anything.
6. If they run out of tickets, we will have to go to another theater.
7. If you change your mind, let us know.
8. If you had known my mom, you would have thought she was crazy too
9. If you had heard her singing, you would have laughed too.
10. If I were a celebrity, I could buy any bag I want.

Exercise5
Dùng NEVER để viết đảo ngữ cho các câu sau
1. She had never been so happy before.
2. I have never heard such nonsense!
3. I have never seen such a mess in my life.
4. Our profits have never been higher than they are this year.
5. The film had never before laid on such a sumptuous celebration.
6.  I’ve never come across such a horrifying film.
7. I’ve never been so moved by a Shakespeare production.
8. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.
9. I’ll never forget you.
 Exercise6
Dùng RARELY, SELDOM hoặc LITTLE viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ
1. One rarely finds good service these days.
=>Rarely………………………………………………………
2. She has rarely travelled more than fifty miles from her village.
=> Rarely………………………………
3. Public borrowing has seldom been so high.
=> Seldom…………………………………………
4. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony.
=> Seldom…………………………
5. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success.
=> Little……………………………
6. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent
=> Little…………………………………………
7. He has seldom seen anything stranger
=> Seldom……………………………………………

Exercise7
Sử dụng NOT ONLY để đảo ngữ các câu dưới đây
1. He is my friend as well as yours.
=> Not only…………………………………………………
2. He not only spent all his money but also borrowed some from me.
=> Not only………………………………………
3. Harry not only broke his leg but also injured his shoulder.
 => Not only………………………………………………
4. He is both intelligent and handsome.
=> Not only…………………………………………………………………….
5. She is impatient and dishonest.
=> Not only………………………………………………………
6. The bus not only crashed into a tree, but it also ran over a cat.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
7. She not only wrote the text but also selected the illustrations.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
8. She is not only beautiful but also attractive.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
9. He translated not only fast but also correctly.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
10. They are not only good at mathematics but also at science.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
11. She not only sings but also dances.
=> Not…………………………………………………………………

Exercise 8
Viết lại những câu sau theo cấu trúc gợi ý sao cho nghĩa không đổi
1. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.
=> No sooner ______________________________________ _
2. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
=> Hardly ______________________________________ _
3. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.
=> Not until ______________________________________ __
4. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.
=> Only ______________________________________ _
5. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.
=> Under the table _____________________________________
6. His brother had rarely been more excited.
=> Rarely____________________________________________ _
7. The facts were not all made public until later.
=> Only______________________________________________ __
8. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.
=> Had_______________________________________________ __
Exercise 9
Sử dụng cấu trúc ONLY để đảo ngữ những câu sau đây
1. He only thought about having a holiday abroad after he retired.
2. I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home.
3. It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted defeat.
4. I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage.
5. They didn’t get round to business until they had finished eating.
6. They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left.
7. I didn’t realize who he was until later.
8. The door could not be opened without using force.
9. I won’t agree until Tom’s apologized.
10. The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day.
 Exercise 10
Sử dụng cấu trúc SHOULD để viết lại những câu sau
1. If the Government are forced into another election, it will be the favorite to win.
2. If you want to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is free after 9. A.M
3. If you have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.
4. If you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April.
5. If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately.
6. If you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order form.
7. If you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here.

Exercise 11
Sử dụng WERE hoặc HAD để đảo ngữ những câu sau
1. If the salary were high, the job would be worth doing.
=> Were _______________________________________________.
2. Would you visit me if I were sent to prison?
=> Were _______________________________________________.
3. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
4. If I were rich, I could afford to buy an expensive car.
=> Were _______________________________________________.
5. If I were you, I would tell him the truth.
=> Were _______________________________________________.
6. If he weren’t busy right now, he could help them.
=> Were _______________________________________________.
7. If she had said sorry, he wouldn’t have been angry.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
8. If the computer hadn’t broken down and I wouldn’t have had to stop my work.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
9. If he hadn’t been angry, I would have said something.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
10. If his friends hadn’t been late, they wouldn’t have missed the train.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.

Exercise 12
Đảo ngữ những câu sau sử dụng cấu trúc SO hoặc SUCH
1. The weather is so beautiful that we decided to go to the beach.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
2. He is so strong that he can lift the box.
=> So______________________________________________________________.
3. He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him.
=> Such_____________________________________________________________.
4. He ate so much food that he became ill.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
5. It is such hot coffee that I can’t drink it.
=> Such_____________________________________________________________.
6. He bought so many books that he didn’t know where to put them.
=> So______________________________________________________________.
7. She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her.
 => Such_____________________________________________________________.
8. This book is so boring that I couldn’t finish it
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
9. He was such a fast speaker that we couldn’t understand him.
=> Such_____________________________________________________________.
10. She was so tired that she fell asleep in the armchair.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
11. It was such a foggy day that we couldn’t see the road.
=> Such_____________________________________________________________.
12. This tea is so good that I’ll have another cup.
=> So_______________________________________________________________.
Exercise 13 Sử dụng những từ cho trước để đảo ngữ những câu sau
1. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.
=> Not only did he spend all his money,
_______________________________________________________
2. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.
=> No sooner _________________________________________
3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
=> Hardly ___________________________________________
4. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.
=> Not until __________________________________________
5. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.
=> Only _____________________________________________
6. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.
 => Never ____________________________________________
7. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.
=> Under the table _____________________________________
8. His brother had rarely been more excited.
=> Rarely_________________________________________________________
9. The facts were not all made public until later.
=> Only__________________________________________________________
10. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.
=> Had___________________________________________________________
11. The response to our appeal was so great that we have to take on more staff.
=> Such__________________________________________________________
12. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder.
=> Not only __________________________________________
13. The police didn’t V at all suspect that the judge was the murderer.
=> Little  _____________________________________________
14. If you do happen to see Helen, could you ask her to call me?
=> Should_______________________________________________________
15. The bus driver cannot be blamed for the accident in any way.
=> In _______________________________________________
16. The snowfall was so heavy that all the trains had to be cancelled.
=> So _______________________________________________
17. If the government raised interest rates. They would lose the election.
=> Were__________________________________________________________
18. As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked at the door.
 => No sooner had I got into the bath than someone knocked at the door.
_________________________________________
19. There was so much uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed.
=> Such__________________________________________________________
20. It’s not common for there to be so much rain in March.
=> Seldom________________________________________________________
21. You won’t be allowed in until your identity has been checked.
=> Only __________________________________________________________
22. Just after the play started there was a power failure.
=> Hardly________________________________________________________
23. The Prime Minister has hardly ever made a speech as inept as this.
=> Rarely_________________________________________________________
24. We had only just arrived home when the police called.
=> Scarcely_______________________________________________________.
25. Press photographers are banned from taking photographs backstage.
=> On no_________________________________________________________.
26. The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a
record.
=> Never before___________________________________________________.
27. The judge was taken ill just after the trial proceedings began.
=> Barely________________________________________________________.
28. She seldom misses a lecture.
=> Seldom_______________________________________________________.
29. As soon as we had come home, it started to rain
=> No sooner_____________________________________________________.
30. As soon as we had turned on the TV, the electricity went out.
=> Hardly ___________________________________________.

Exercise 14. Sử dụng cấu trúc cho sẵn để đảo ngữ các câu sau đây
1. You can only understand it when you grow up.
=> Only _____________________________________________.
2. I can only forgive you if you tell me the truth.
=> Only _____________________________________________.
3. I only realized that I’d seen it before after the film started.
=> Only _____________________________________________.
4. The situation was so strange that I couldn’t sleep.
=> So _______________________________________________.
5. The test is so difficult that students need three months to prepare.
=> So _______________________________________________.
6. The exercise is so easy that every students can do it easily.
=> So _______________________________________________.
7. He not only studies well, but also he sings well.
=> Not only __________________________________________.
8. If you meet her, please call me!
=> Should ___________________________________________.
9. If you had obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened
=> Had___ ___________________________________________.

Exercise 15 Chọn đáp án đúng

1. …………. anyone wish to access the information on the status of his or her order,
the password should be entered.
     A. If
     B. Should
     C. Whether
     D. As though
2. …………..it be necessary, you can print out your form and then send it to us by fax
or postal service.
     A. Since
     B. Should
     C. Unless
     D. When
3. …………Jonh worked hard, he would have been promoted last year.
     A. if
     B. were
     C. should
     D. had
4. ………….. the patient’s condition get worse, the nurse will call in an internist.
A Might
     B. Unless
     C. Should
     D. If
5. ………….she wishes to have more detailed information, please consult your
employee handbook.
     A. would
     B. could
     C. might
     D. should
6. If she …………………….. the lottery last year, She……………………..rich now.
     A. Have won/would be
     B. had won/would be
     C.won/would be
     D. wins/will be
7. If I ……………..the homework last night, I……………..bonus today.
     A. Had done/would get
     B. had done/would have got
     C. done/would get
     D. does/will get
8. If we had played this game yesterday, we……………….a lot of money now.
     A. Will have
     B. may have
     C. would have had
     D. would have
9. If it ……………………………last night, it would be cold today.
     A. Had rained
     B. rained
     C. have rained
     D. was raining
10. If she……………….to me, she……………………..in trouble right now.
      A. Had listened/would be
     B. had listened/would have be
     C. had listened/would not be
     D. A & B
Exercise 16
Điền vào chỗ trống dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc
1. ………… we ………… (have) enough time if we wanted to see the castle?
2. In case you ………… (buy) a car, will you teach me to drive?
3. If I………… (not be) in a hurry, I wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
4. She won’t finish it on time if she ………… (not start) right now.
5. She ………… (get angry) if you had told her.