Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
MIMAROPA Region
Division of Oriental Mindoro
VICTORIA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Poblacion I, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro
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NAME: ____________________________________________________ DATE:
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SECTION: _________________________________________________

Lesson 1: Supplying Words or Expressions that Complete Analogy

An analogy is a comparison between two different and unrelated things to highlight a similarity between the
two. It is a type of reasoning where a new or unfamiliar concept is explained by using a common or familiar object. It is
often created by using literary devices like similes and metaphors. An analogy is more broad and elaborate than either of
these literary devices.

Let’s review:

Fact: A statement that can be proven as true or false

Example: Lake Sebu 7 Falls is located in South Cotabato

Opinion: An expression of a person’s feelings that cannot be proven

Example: Lake Sebu 7 Falls is tourists’ most favorite spot in the region.

Observe how the first pair of words are related and find the missing piece that will match the third word in the series
below.

1. Example: Accurate : Precise Sad

Disgusting
Awful : _________ Sweat

Answer: Disgusting

2. night : day :: happy : ___________ Answer: sad

3. cold : shiver :: hot : ____________ Answer: sweat
4. greeting: letter :: title page: ________ Answer: book
5. fish: sea :: lion: __________ Answer: forest

REMEMEBER: You notice that each pair of words show relationships.

The term that means ‘’word relationships’’ is called Analogy. It is like a word puzzle. It always contains two pairs of
words. The single colon : represents the phrase “is to”, and the double colon :: represents the word “as”. Thus, it is read
a night is to day as happy is to sad. You notice that the pairs show an opposite relationship, then you are correct
because night is the opposite of day and happy is also the opposite of sad. And that type of Analogy is called
ANTONYMS.

How about the pairs that show similar relationship or have the same meaning, a husband is to spouse as baby is to
infant? Husband and spouse have the same meaning as well as the second paired words which are baby and infant. This
second type of Analogy is SYNONYMS.

Let’s proceed to example number 3. The analogies contain words that are the causes or the sources of some actions or
conditions which are cold and hot and the other words that are the effects, or the results or consequences which are
shiver and sweat. This type of analogy is called CAUSE and EFFECT.

Let’s now have example number 4. This contains the part or section of something larger, and the whole, or the entire
entity. In this case, a greeting is a part of a letter and a title page is part of a book. And this type of Analogy is called
PART to WHOLE.
And the last example, number 5 shows locations. Sea and forest are locations for fish and lion. And this type of Analogy
is called LOCATION.

To sum up, an ANALOGY is a literary device often used in literature and poetry to make connections between familiar
and unfamiliar things, suggest a deeper significance, or create imagery in the reader’s mind.

NOW IT’S YOUR TURN…

DIRECTIONS: Analyze the relationship in each analogy and identify its type from the choices given. Write your answers
in the underlined portion of your activity.

Example: near: far :: smart: stupid

Answer: Type: Antonyms

1. wing : bird :: tire: car

Type: ______________
2. winter: summer :: wet: dry
Type: ______________
3. allow: permit :: find : locate
Type :______________
4. bats: caves :: humans : houses
Type: ______________
5. finger: hand :: wheel : car
Type: ______________
6. bad: terrible :: funny : hilarious
Type: ______________
7. bees: beehives :: birds : nests
Type: ______________
8. chaos : peace :: cordial : hostile
Type: ______________
9. cavity : toothache :: smoking: cancer
Type: ______________
10. rain: flood :: earthquake: collapse
Type: ______________