REVIEWER IN CESC

GRADE 12

COMMUNITY TYPOLOGIES

Typology - A system used for putting things into groups according to how they are similar.

1. URBAN COMMUNITIES - Are cities or big towns where there is a large, high- dense, and heterogeneous
population. There is not much open space in urban areas for vegetation, but space is maximized to build public and
private infrastructures.

2. RURAL COMMUNITIES - Are territorial enclaves or villages where there is a small, low- density, and
homogeneous population. There are lots of open spaces for vegetation and the natural environment. The use of
available land is often dictated for agriculture, and if the community is near the cost, nearby waters are used for
fisheries.

COMMUNITY DYNAMICS

 It refer to the changes that occur in the community power structures and community population composition
over time.

a) COMMUNITY POWER STRUCTURE

Are hierarchical interrelationships that govern the interaction of individuals among each other within a localized
group setting.

 EXAMPLE; In a village or a barangay, the community power structures can be observed in the hierarchical
interrelationship between the barangay chairperson and his or her constituents, between the elite and the
financially poor members of the community, or between the adult and young members of the community.

 In such interrelationships, it is usually the barangay chairperson, the elite, and the adult members of the
community who are considered dominant – such that they have power over their aforementioned counterparts.

b) COMMUNITY POPULATION COMPOSITION

Refers to common demographic variables that describe the size, distribution, and characteristics of the
population such as age structure, sex composition, educational level, marital status, economic status, employment
status, and ethnicity classification.

“Factors Affecting Changes in Community Power Structures”

1. AUTHORITY - is a kind of power that one has over another by virtue of an elected position or an appointment
that is based on codified laws and regulations. This is often referred to a formal power structure.

In this case, community power structures change when the person in authority also changes. This happens in
times of change in leadership due to elections or revolutions, retirement or resignation from office service, or
suspension or removal from office, which requires the person in authority to be replaced by another person.

2. INFLUENCE - is a kind of power that a person possesses over another by virtue of other people’s positive
perception of the former’s competence and ability. This is often referred to as an informal power structure.

“Factors Affecting Changes in the Composition of People in the Community”

1. FERTILITY - refers to the actual reproductive performance that can be expected of a person, couple, group, or
population during a woman’s childbearing years, normally defined as 15-49 years of age.
 2. MORTALITY – It refers to the demographic process relating to deaths, often summarized by death rates,
survival rates, and life expectancy.

Because, decrease in death rates, an increase in survival rates, and longer life expectancy are indicators that
people in the community are healthy due to increased access in food and nutrition, public health services, and social
services.

3. MIGRATION - refers to the process of moving from one place to another. It could also be the movement
across a specified boundary for a considerable period of time and for various reasons in order to establish a temporary
or even permanent abode.

Internal –wherein the movement of people is within the same geographical area or region.

External – wherein the movement of people is from a national boundary to another