WOOD PRODUCTS

FOR FLOORING, SIDING,

CEILING, TRIMS AND
MOULDINGS
 WOOD PRODUCTS
• Wood products are usually rough lumber
pieces which are reprocessed or
remanufactured for specific purpose in
the building such as flooring, siding, ceiling
and trims.
• These wood products are usually applied
as finishing products.
 WOOD PRODUCTS FOR FLOORING
• Strip Flooring – flooring consisting of tongue and
groove (T & G) boards 4” to 6” in width. Strip flooring is
blind nailed.
• Plank Flooring – consists of square edged boards 8”
and wider. This is usually found in ancestral houses.
Plank flooring is face nailed.
• Parquet Flooring – consists of short identical lengths of
wood strips set in patterns such as herring bone. The
pieces are laid on concrete subfloor by adhesives such
as white glue.
• Block Flooring – consists of several parquet strips
assembled at the factory to form a tile with a size of
12” x 12”. Thickness is 8mm to 9mm. This is also called
Parquet Tile Flooring and the method of attachment is
the same as in parquet flooring.
METHODS OF JOINING LUMBER
AND WOOD PRODUCTS
• In wooden construction, 2. End Joints – are used to
lumbers are necessarily increase the length of
joined to form integrated the wood member. By
components in the proper utilization of end
building. joints, short lengths can
• Wood joints may be be used which might
grouped into three otherwise have been
classes: wasted.
1. Right Angle Joints – 3. Edge Joints – are used
joins two lumber pieces to increase the width of a
which are perpendicular lumber by giving narrow
to each other. This is widths greater use of
used in framings narrow stock.
Dowel joint – a carpentry joint making
use of a cylindrical wood used to
secure two pieces of wood by
inserting it in a hole through the two
members.
Tongue and Groove – a joint formed
by the insertion of the tongue of one
member into the corresponding
groove of another.
Dovetail – a splayed tenon, shaped
like a dovetail, broader at its end than
at its base.
Scarf joint – a joint formed by
bonding the beveled ends of two
pieces of lumber.
Mortise – a hole, cavity or notch cut
into a lumber to receive the projecting
end (tenon) of another lumber.
Tenon – the projecting end of a piece
of wood which is reduced in cross
section so that it may be inserted in a
corresponding cavity (mortise) in
another piece in order to form a
secured joint.
Dado – a rectangular
groove cut across the
grain of a wood
member.
Plough (Plow) – a
rectangular groove cut
along the edge or face
of a wood member
(being cut parallel to
the grain)
Lap Joint – a joint in
which one board
overlaps the edge of
another piece.
Miter joint – a joint
between two
members, usually at
right angles with each
other.
Batten – a narrow strip of
wood applied to cover a joint
along the edges of two
parallel boards in the same
plane.
Spline Joint – a joint formed
by inserting a long strip of
wood in a slot cut into the two
butting members.
 WOOD PRODUCTS FOR SIDING
AND CEILING
• Shiplap Boards – wood • Bevel Siding
sheathing whose edges • Batten Siding (Board
are rabbeted* or with and Batten)
tongue and groove to • Plywood
make an overlapping
joint. • Plyboard
• Shiplap boards include: • Hardboard
1. V-Cut • Particle Board
2. VH Cut • Fiber Board (example:
Medium Density
3. Garage Cut Fiberboard or MDF)
4. Stone Cut
* Rabbet or Rebate – a right angle cut made along a corner edge of a
wood member.
 WOOD PRODUCTS FOR TRIMS
AND MOULDINGS
• Trims and Mouldings are part of
millworks. Millworks consist of any
finished lumber which is further cut and
processed at a lumber mill.
• They include:
1. Balusters
2. Railings
3. Baseboard
4. Skirting
 PLYWOOD
• Plywood is • Advantages of
manufactured using Plywood
several thin layers or 1. It has relatively high shear
strength in all directions for
plies of wood peeled loads perpendicular to its
from logs and bonded face.
together permanently 2. Greater resistance to
checking and splitting.
with glue, with the
3. Less change in dimension
grain of one or more due to moisture content.
layers at 90 degrees 4. Has good nail retention
to the grain of the strength.
intervening layer.
 Technical Specifications of Plywood
• Types
• Grades of Plywood Face Veneers
a. Ordinary Plywood – Interior
grade made with water resistant Veneer is a thin sheet of wood
adhesives. D-grade face or used as one of the several plies in
better. plywood for added strength or as
a facing material.
b. Marine Plywood – Exterior
grade with waterproof adhesives; a. N – All heartwood or all
for roof eaves ceiling and toilet sapwood; for natural finish
and bath ceiling. C-grade grade b. A – Smooth paint grade
or better c. B – Solid smooth surface
d. C – Sheathing grade; lowest
• Length : 2400mm (8’) grade for exterior use
• Width : 1200mm (4’) e. D – Lowest grade of plywood
• Thickness : for interior use
a. 3 Ply - 5.5mm (1/4”)
- 7.5mm (5/16”)
- 9.0mm (3/8”)
b. 5 Ply - 12mm (1/2”)
- 15mm (5/8”)
- 19mm (3/4”)
c. 7 Ply - 22mm (7/8”)
- 24mm (1”)
Matching Plywood Face Veneers
• Matching refers to the joining
of adjacent veneers to form
special patterns.
• Some of the combinations are:
a. Book Match – alternate
sheets of veneer are turned
over, providing continuity of
grain from panel to panel.
b. Slip Match – Sheets are
joined side by side without
turning, providing a repetitive
pattern.
c. Random Match – Sheets
are joined at random to
produce a casual effect.
d. Special Matching –
Matching such as diamond,
herringbone, and vee matches
can be specified to provide the
desired design. This is
achieved by placing the grain
of each panel at an angle.
Matching of Plywood
Face Veneers
 Plyboard
• Plyboard is a sandwiched panel with plywood face veneers and a
core of solid wood strips, it is commonly used for low cost doors,
cabinet works, and roof and floor undersheathing.
• Size is 1200mm x 2400mm (4’ x 8’) with thickness of 19mm (3/4”) or
25mm (1”).
 Hardboard
• This is a paneling material made by reducing wood chips into fibers
that are compressed into sheets.
• It has a smooth surface on one side and a screened surface on the
other.
• Hardboard is usually 900mm x 1800mm (3’ x 6’) and 1200mm x
2400mm (4’ x 8’), in thickness of 3mm, 4.5mm and 5.5mm.
• It is obtainable in plain, textured or perforated surface.
Particle Board
• This is fabricated panel using
relatively small fragments of
wood bound with a synthetic
adhesive such as paraffin.
• Types of particle board
include:
a. Waferboard – relatively
large flakes produced by
cutting
b. Flakeboard – are smaller
than wafers
c. Chipboard – are produced
by mechanically fracturing
wood into small fragments.
Particle boards are generally used
as cores in overlaid
construction.
 Fiberboard
• Fiberboard is essentially
similar to particle board, the
difference being that fibers are
used in lieu of flakes or chips.
• Types of Fiberboards include:
a. Insulation Board – density
range of 10 to 30 pounds per
cubic foot. Used as
sheathing, horizontal form
board, sound – deadening
and low cost insulation.
b. Medium Density
Fiberboard (MDF) – generally
used as siding and for cabinet
works.
End of Presentation