Week 1: Traditional Dance
Dance
➢ It is a form of expression of oneself through
rhythmic movements.
➢ is an expression of the body, following
rhythmic patterns and is accompanied by
music. From the primitive man expressing
emotions in such events as birth, death,
marriage, war among other things, dance
has evolved to modern forms of social
dancing.
Folk Dance
➢ are the indifenous dances of any specific
“folk” or common people.
Ethnic Dance
➢ It is classified into two: Non-Christian and
Christian Dance.
Health Benefits of Dancing
● Improved condition of your heart and lungs
● Increased muscular strength, endurance
and motor fitness
● Increased aerobic fitness
● Improved muscle tone and strength
● Weight management
● Stronger bones and reduced risk of
osteoporosis
● Better coordination, agility and flexibility
● Improved balance and spatial awareness
● Increased physical confidence
● Improved mental functioning
● Improved general and psychological well
being Greater self-confidence and
self-esteem
● Better social skills
General Tips for Dancing
1. See your doctor for a check-up.
2. Always do warm-up and cool down.
3. Drink water.
4. Rest.
5. Do not push yourself too much.
Things to Remember
● Dancing is a way to stay fit.
● There is no such age, shape or size.
● A great way to meet new people.
Components of Body Movements
● Locomotor Movements
○ are those that move the body in
space in any direction with the feet
as the moving base.
○ Non-stationary movement
Walking
Running
Hopping - spring movement using one foot
Leaping - spring movement, one foot
landing into another foot
Sliding - glide and quick close movement
Galloping - series of stepping and cutting
movement
Jumping - spring movement, both feet
Skipping - fast step hop
● Non-locomotor Movement
○ are movements done in place, with
one part of the body serving as an
axis or based around which other
parts move.
○ Stationary movements
Bend or Flex - moving round joints
Twist - rotation of some body parts
Stretch - extension movement
Swing
Traditional Dance
➔ Folk dance or ceremonial dance
➔ Used more often when emphasis is placed
on the dance’s cultural roots.
2 Types of Traditional Dance
● ETHNIC DANCE → is simply a dance which
is typical of a particular cultural group.
Under this definition, as it begins in a
culturally distinct region of Europe, even
polka, which is almost always a social
dance, can be called ethnic.
● FOLK DANCE → As tribal cultures in
Europe gave way to more formal cultures,
the old forms of dance slowly developed
into what is now called folk or peasant
dance. These preserved much of their
original significance for a long time, and
may therefore have provided the current
"racial" designation.

Philippine Folk Dance
● Francisca Reyes-Aquino
○ Mother of the Philippine Folk Dance
because of her invaluable work as
the first researcher in Philippine Folk
dancing.
● It is Traditional
● Has an expressive behavior
● Simple, basic rhythm dominates the folk
dance and establishes the pattern of
movement.
● It is created by an unknown choreographer
or through communal efforts.
● It performs a function in the like of the
people.
● Social rather than competitive
Five Major Classification of Philippine Folk
Dance
1. CORDILLERA DANCE
a. Cordillera, a name given by the
Spanish conquistadors when the
mountain ranges were first seen.
The Spanish word refers to the
jumbled rolls and dips of this long
range across the northern part of
Luzon Island, meaning "knotted
roped".
b. Showcasing their clothes.
c. Example: Pattong, Banga Dance
2. SPANISH INFLUENCES DANCE
a. Almost 400 years of Spanish rule left
an inescapable mark on the
Philippines. Spain brought all facets
of its society to the Islands with
them. This includes the Catholic
faith, music, and clothes.
b. Example: Jota Habanera
3. MUSLIM DANCE
a. They are known for their beauty,
royalty and mysticism that are
evident in their music and dances.
Accompanied by the agong ang
kumintang, Filipino Muslim dance is
characterized by intricate movement
of the hand and arm along with
shimmering costumes.
b. Examples: Singkil and Pangalay
4. TRIBAL DANCE
a. The large regions of Mindanao are
populated by the T'boli, Bilaan,
Manobo, Bagobo, and others. Like
their counterparts in Northern Luzon,
such groups honor pagan Gods for
the daily fruits and trials. What sets
them apart from other Philippine
tribes is their exquisite
craftsmanship in tools, clothes, and
jewelry.
b. Example: Madal Tahaw Manobo –
Bangkakaw
5. RURAL DANCE
a. There are dances that have
managed to steer clear of Western
influences and have no obvious
foreign features to this day. Such as
a tagalog war dance like the
"Maglalatik". The topic of this dance
is open war between Christian and
Muslim soldiers over "Latik" or the
residue of coconuts.
b. Examples: Maglalatik, Saut sa
Rarug, Oasioas
Fundamentals Position of Arms and Feet
Week 2: Ethnic Dance
Ritual - a religious or solemn ceremony consisting
of a series of actions performed according to a
prescribed order.
Ethnic - actions performed according to a
prescribed order. Used to distinguish religious
dances, and designed as hymns of praise to God.
Traditional Dance (Ethnic Dance)
This is a dance that is indigenous to a certain race
or country. The term “ethnic” is used to distinguish
religious dances, and designed as hymns of praise
to a god, or to bring on good fortune in peace and
war. They are symbolic in meaning that can’t be
understood easily by persons who don’t belong to
the ethnic group.
Types of Ethnic Dance 3. Occupational Dance - depicts the lifestyle
1. Ritual Dance - combined improvisational and daily work of the people living in various
movement, music and ritual for a specific, topographies.
shared purpose. a. Mananagat (Cebu) - occupational
a. Dugso (Bukidnon) - shows the dance which originated from Bogo,
Higaonon (people of the living Cebu. This dance imitates the work
mountains) performing the ritual of of a fisherman and his companions.
hinaklaran (offering) wherein the b. Tudak (Bukidnon) - is an acts out of
men and women hold hands while a whole sequence of the rice cycle
moving around in the measured into dance.
steps named after a peculiar body
movement. The women are also HIPHOP
dressed in colorful dresses and
Hip-hop Dance - Refers to street dance styles
panikas or feathered combs full of primarily performed to hip-hop music or that have
evolved as part of hip-hop culture.
colorful yarns, mirrors, beads and
gold spangles. Locking - Based on the concept of locking which
means freezing from a fast movement.
b. Pagdidiwata (Palawan) - is a dance
originating from the Tagbanua tribe Popping - The style demands continuous
contraction of the muscles to the beat to give a
of Palawan which depicts rituals
jerky/snapping effect – a bouncy style.
after a rice harvest. These rites are
held as part thanksgiving and part
Breakdance/B-Boying - Breaking or b-boying,
an appeal for continued protection. commonly called breakdancing, is a style of
dance that evolved as part of hip-hop culture
2. Life Cycle Dance - dances which celebrate
an individual's birth, baptism, courtship,
Hip-hop Dance
wedding and demise.
- Performed to hip hop music or that have
a. Salip (Apayao) - celebrate
evolved as part of hip hop culture.
important events in life such as
- Influenced by Americans
weddings. A Kalinga wedding dance
- “Jazz funk”
is an important celebration. The
- Performed on the street
bridegroom offers the bride the
- Introduced in 1980’s films, television shows,
protection and comfort of his
and Internet
blanket. He simulates the
- “Freestyle’ (improvisational) in nature
movements of a rooster at love play,
aspiring to attract and seize his love.
Early History of Hip hop
The bride's friends are ready to help
● First introduced in New York City, late
prepare the bride by offering
1960’s and early 70’s aside from the United
“bangas” (earthen pots) filled with
States.
fresh water from the mountain
● First performed in The Jacksons Five’s
spring.
music and performance is the ‘60s and ‘70s.
b. Manmanok (Bago Tribe) - a
● Flash Mob
courtship dance which is an imitation
of two mating fowls. That dramatizes
KOOL DJ HERC
three roosters from the Bago Tribe
- Known as the father of hip hop dance
who compete against one another to
- Started an informal performance career
be able to get the attention of a hen,
Lady Lien. They try to attract her by
making use of blankets that depict
their feathers and wings.
BOOGALOO SAM
● Invented popping
● Electric Boogaloo
DON CAMPBELLOCK (Don Campbell)
- Invented locking
- The lockers
Four Elements of Hip-hop culture are:
1. MCing - MC are initials for “master of
ceremonies.” MCs originally hosted parties
and introduced tracks to the dancing
audience. Eventually the term was used to
describe rappers. Rapping is the art of
saying rhymes to the beat of music.
2. Graffiti - Visual art, an expression of youth
culture and rebellion in public spaces. The
first forms of subway graffiti were tags, or
signatures of someone’s nickname or crew
(group of artists that work together). It has
evolved into elaborate scripts, color effects,
and shading.
3. DJing - The art of spinning records at a
dance party, picking out songs in a
crowd-pleasing sequence.
4. Breakdancing - A style of dancing that
includes gymnastic moves, head spins, and
backspins.
HIP HOP DANCE STYLE
A. LOCKING
➔ Locking (originally Campbellocking) can be
traced back to the late 1960’s and was
created by Don Campbell. It is a style of
funk and street dance and originally danced
to traditional funk music such as James
Brown.
➔ The name is based on the concept of
locking which means freezing from a fast
movement and "locking" in a certain
position, holding that position for a short
while and then continuing in the same
speed as before. It relies on fast and distinct
arm and hand Hip Hop Manual movement
combined with more relaxed hips and legs.
The movements are generally large and
exaggerated, and often very rhythmic and
tightly synced with the music.
B. POPPING
➔ The best way to describe the movement of
popping would be to imagine a force of
energy going through the body causing it to
move like a wave. This style is difficult to
manage at the technical level as it requires
command of isolations, a perfect knowledge
of the body, and a good sense of the rhythm
with major use of counter-tempo. The style
demands continuous contraction of the
muscles to the beat to give a jerky/snapping
affect – a bouncy style.
C. BREAKDANCE/B-BOYING
➔ commonly called breakdancing, is a style of
dance that evolved as part of hip-hop
culture among Black and Latino American
youths in the South Bronx during the 1970s.
It is danced to both hip-hop and other
genres of music that are often remixed to
prolong the musical breaks.
D. STREETDANCE
➔ very physical and incorporates dance
moves from all over the world. Various
dance styles are mixed with a multi-cultural
influence and funky tunes. Generally a
Streetdance routine can include locking and
popping, street style and funk. Streetdance
is a FUSION of styles from the Hip Hop
genre.
E. TUTTING/TETRIS
➔ is a dance style that mimics the angular
poses common to ancient Egyptian art.
Whoever coined the term probably imagined
that this was how King Tut danced. The
style is rapidly evolving but there are some
constant rules that define it.
F. LIQUID DANCING
➔ (or liquiding) is a form of gestural dance that
sometimes involves pantomime. The term
invokes the word liquid to describe the
fluid-like motion of the dancers’ body and
limbs. It is primarily the dancers’ arms and
hands which are the focus, though more
advanced dancers work in a full range of
body movements. Liquid dancing is similar
to the styles of popping or locking.
G. BOOGALOO
➔ A fluid style that uses every part of the body
and involves using angles and smooth
movements to make everything flow
together. It often uses rolling of the hips,
knees, and the head and is often used as a
transition.
H. RAGGA
➔ This is a dance style originating (in the late
70’s) from street dance by Afrojamaïcans,
Afro Caribbeans, which uses music which
evolved from classical Reggae with a hip
hop influence. The style used is a
combination between hip hop moves, afro
moves with latin influences with sensuality.
It requires very good physical condition, as
many muscles are involved in the Ragga
Jam, particularly in the lower part of the
body. Correct execution requires good
technique.
I. HOUSE DANCE
➔ House is a group of dance styles primarily
danced to house music that have roots in
the clubs of Chicago in the late 70’s and
early 80’s. The main styles include
Footwork, Jacking and Lifting. Like hip hop
dance it was created by black and latino
Americans and is often improvisational in
nature. It emphasizes fast and complex foot
oriented steps combined with fluid
movements in the torso.
J. LYRICAL
➔ is a fluid and more interpretive version of
new style hip-hop most often danced to
downtempo rap music or R&B music. Lyrical
is "hip-hop with emotion". It focuses more
on choreography and performance and less
on freestyles and battles.
K. STEPPING
➔ Stepping or step-dancing is a form of
percussive dance in which the participant's
entire body is used as an instrument to
produce complex rhythms and sounds
through a mixture of footsteps, spoken
word, and hand claps. Though stepping
may be performed by an individual, it is
generally performed by groups of three or
more, often in arrangements that resemble
military formations.
L. FREE RUNNING
➔ is a form of urban acrobatics in which
participants, known as free runners, use the
city and rural landscape to perform
movements through its structures. It
incorporates efficient movements from
parkour, adds aesthetic vaults and other
acrobatics, such as tricking and street
stunts, creating an athletic and aesthetically
pleasing way of moving. It is commonly
practiced at gymnasiums and in urban
areas (such as cities or towns) that are
cluttered with obstacles.
FAQs on the Hip Hop Dance Style
1. How did hip-hop get its name?
● There are various explanations for the
source of the term hip-hop. However, the
most popular one involves Keith (”Keef
Cowboy”) Wiggins, a member of the rap
group Grandmaster Flash and the Furious
Five. The rapper used the words
hip/hop/hip/hop, imitating the sound of
soldiers marching, in reference to a friend
who had joined the army. According to
some accounts, Kevin (”Lovebug Starski”)
Smith was with Wiggins and helped create
the phrase. Hip-hop was subsequently
popularized in songs, notably the Sugarhill
Gang's “Rapper's Delight.”
2. What is hip-hop mostly about?
● As with any art form, hip hop carries
different meanings for each person. One of
the early hip hop influencers, MC Kid Lucky,
mentioned that breakdancing, a popular
aspect of hip hop, was used to combat each
other without fighting. Afrika Bambaataa, a
man inspired by DJ Kool Herc, used hip hop
in his organization to help teenagers get out
of a lifestyle of gangs, drugs, and violence,
and use the culture to create art.
3. What kind of shoes do you wear for hip
hop?
● sneakers or skate shoes.
 4. What clothes to wear for hip-hop dance?
● Hip hop requires a lot of different moves,
just like ballet, however, hip hop carries a
culture with it. That’s why many dancers
choose to wear baggy pants instead of
spandex pants. Shows like So You Think
You Can Dance are a great place to find out
what professional hip hop dancers wear,
and it can help get your child inspired to
dance.
5. What was the first hip hop song ever
made?
● a 1979 single by The Sugarhill Gang called
“Rapper’s Delight.”
6. What are the main instruments used in
hip-hop music?
● Original hip hop from the 1970s used
instruments like turntables and a DJ mixer.
Later on, technology allowed for instruments
like digital samplers, sequencers, drum
machines, and sound synthetizes to be
implemented. Sometimes hip hop producers
would bring in traditional instruments such
as electric guitars and bass.
CHEERDANCE
Cheer - This is to shout out words or phrases
that may help motivate and boost the morale of a
playing team and perform better during a game.
Acrobatics - Actions or procedures
characterized by considerable flair or mental
agility.
Hurdle - One of a series of upright frames over
which athletes in a race must jump.
CHEERDANCE
● Is coined from the words CHEER and
DANCE
● Cheer to shout out words or phrases that
may help motivate and boost the morale of
a playing team and perform better during a
game.
● Dance is a physical activity where one
expresses emotions or gestures while
performing bodily movements usually in
time with rhythm.
CHEERLEADING
Cheerleading was related to the rise of
gridiron football in the mid1800 at ivy
League colleges and universities in the
United States, and the development and
formalization of cheerleading was similar to
that of soccer
By the 1920s cheerleading had become a
formal extracurricular activity for boys at
high schools, universities, and communities
around the country, similar to but separate
from other spirit activities including
marching bands, drum corps, and drill
teams.
Cheerdance Basics (Gymnastic Side)
Jumps
1. TUCK JUMP - A jump in which the
cheerleader uses their stomach muscles to
pull the legs up with their thighs as close to
the chest as possible, knees facing upward
as if in a tucked position.
2. STAR/SPREAD EAGLE - This jump is
generally used to practice group timing who
and snapping legs down from a jump. You
simply prep, swing, and jump with your
arms pin a high V and your legs spread
apart. Just jump off the ground and it will
look like an X.
3. PIKE JUMP - This jump is among the most
difficult of jumps. Both legs are straight out,
knees locked. Arms are in a touchdown
motion out in front to create a folded
position in the air, this motion is also called
“candlesticks”. This is often performed at a
ninety-degree angle to the audience in order
to show off the air position.
4. SPLIT JUMP - In cheerleading, perhaps the
most common jump you’ll perform is the toe
touch, which is also sometimes called the
split jump or straddle jump.
5. HURDLE JUMP - this jump is similar to a
side-hurdler, except that instead of both
arms being in a "T" shaped motion, both
arms are opposite of what the leg beneath
them is doing. Named for Lawrence R.
 Herkimer, the founder of the National
Cheerleaders Association .
6. TOE TOUCH JUMP - The most
recognizable cheerleading jump, very
similar to what is known in gymnastics as a
“straddle” jump.
Lesson 5: Philippine Festivals
Percussion - a musical instrument played by
striking with the hand or with a handheld or
pedal-operated stick or beater, or by shaking,
including drums, cymbals, xylophones, gongs,
bells, and rattles.
Recurring - occuring again periodically or
repeatedly.
Festival Dance - is a cultural dance performed to
the strong beats of percussion instruments by a
community of people sharing the same culture
usually done in honor of a Patron Saint or in
thanksgiving of a bountiful harvest.
Philippine Festivals
Nature of Festival Dance
1. Religious Festival - commonly celebrated
on recurring cycles in a calendar year or
lunar calendar.
2. Non-religious Festival - a festival that has
no relation to any church or religion.
A. Luzon Festival Dance
1. PANAGBENGA OR FLOWER FESTIVAL
● prominent features are the grand display of
floats that are adorned with lovely flowers,
and the vibrant street dancing with dancers
dressed in elaborate costumes that are
inspired by the shapes and colors of
flowers.
● Place: Baguio
● Date: whole month of February
● Themes: a celebration to pay homage to
the beautiful flowers that bloom in Baguio.
● Costumes and Mask Designs: repeated
loops and curves and floral designs and
geometric designs.
● Non-religious Festival
2. PAHIYAS DANCE
● is a harvest festival in honor of San Isidro
Labrador, the patron saint of farmers here in
the Philippines. The houses are decorated
with colorful displays of vegetables, fruits,
rice stalks, leaves and rice wafers called
kiping. The annual competition of the most
decorated house, culminates with a
procession and sharing of food among the
people in Lucban.
● Place: Lucban Quezon
● Date: every 15th of May
● Themes: asking for intercession when
praying to Saint Isidore for bountiful harvest.
● Costumes and Masks Design: repeated
loops and curves floral designs.
● Religious Dance
B. Visayas Festival Dance
1. MASSKARA FESTIVAL
● The main highlight of the festival are the
masks worn by the participants who join the
energetic and vibrant street dances. The
attractive masks are decorated with
captivating smiling faces.
● Place: Bacolod City
● Date: every third weekend of October
● Themes: a celebration of positivity or
optimism. This started in the early 1980’s
 when the prices of sugar went down.
Images of colorful and cheerful masks help
the Negrenses established their city as the
‘City of Smiles’
● Costumes and Mask Design: curvilinear
motifs, grass/ floral and geometric design.
Decorations for masks; native beads,
flowers, feathers, sequins and artificial
beads.
● Non-religious Festival
2. ATI-ATIHAN DANCE
● is a religious festival honoring Sto. Nino,
and it is considered as the most spectacular
festival for lovers of Carnival-or Mardi
Gras-like activities. The festive events
include traditional dances, flamboyant
costumes, and vibrant music. Marked by
feasting and eating of the best regional
delicacies and foods.
● Place: Kalibo, Aklan
● Date: every third Sunday of January
● Themes: the march of the early Aetas of
Aklan while performing the upbeat tune of
traditional dances and music.
● Costume and Masks Design:
Crisscrossing of linear lines; repeated curve
and streamlines; and, floral and geometric
designs
● Religious Festival
C. Mindanao Festival Dance
1. TUNA FESTIVAL
● The colorful festival is traditionally held in
the first week of September, and it’s the
time when everything tuna is celebrated.
Which makes perfect sense, for the largest
producer of sashimi-grade tuna in the
country. The Whale Shark Festival in
Donsol was the first non-religious festival
the Philippines ever had. I’ll bet the Tuna
Festival is the second and aptly scheduled
within the 40 days of Lent or Kuwaresma –
when religious Catholics abstain from meat
and eat only vegetables and fish on Lenten
Fridays.
● Place: General Santos City
● Date: first week of September
● Themes: The Tuna Festivalis an annual
festival celebrated in the first week of
September in General Santos, known as the
tuna capital of the Philippines due to the
abundance of the fish in the waters of
Sarangani Bay.
● Costume: the costume showcases the
colorful grandeur and treasure that describe
the most incredibly intricate, delicate perfect
world under the sea.
2. HERMOSA FESTIVAL
● this festival is held in honor of the
miraculous image of Our Lady of the Pillar
(Spanish and Chavacano: Nuestra Señora
del Pilar).
● Place: Zamboanga City
● Date: held in every 12 October
● Themes: The Zamboanga Hermosa
Festival or Fiesta Pilar is an annual
celebration in honor of the patroness of the
City of Zamboanga—Our Lady of the Pillar.
The Zamboangueños are known for their
fervent devotion to Our Lady of the Pillar or
better known to them as “Nuestra Señora
La Virgen del Pilar”.
● Costume: colorful costumes; ladies wearing
crown and wide grin were paraded on
intricately-decorated float.