FEDERAL URDU UNIVERSITY OF ARTS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

ISLAMABAD

Department of Electrical Engineering

5th semester project Proposal Fall
2021

Project Coordinator
Rizwan Gillani
Submitted By
M Usama Farooq
Aqib Akhtar
Supervised By
Rizwan Gillani

1. Abstract
• A fire detection and alarm system is critical for preventing significant fire-
related accidents. A fire can inflict significant loss or damage to any property,
including homes, businesses, warehouses, shopping malls, and bazaars. It
also causes serious harm to people's lives.

• As a result, fire detection systems are extremely significant in today's society.

We've added a fire detection alarm system utilizing an 8051 microcontroller to
the tiny project category.

2. Background and introduction

We are gonna use Mq9 gas sensor which detects the carbon monoxide, LPG
(liquefied petroleum gas), and methane.This sensor is very usefull for detection of
gas leakage. Unfotunately, if the smoke is detected it will give the high voltages to
comparator. Comparator give the Microcontroller a high pulse output. Due to the fast
response of sensor, smoke will be detected and we can immediately take an action
 on it and be able to stop the further damage. With the help of smoke detector
sensors we can detect easily fire. This project is very usefull to warn the people
regarding the fire. Fire can cause many deaths and this project will be usefull to
survive the people lives from fire. Fire is also hazardous at home, workstations etc.
With this low budget/cost project we can warn people from fire.

Fire accidents can occur anywhere and it is quite difficult for people to install fire
alarms on their homes shops and other crowded paces. In such cases, our low cost
project is very usefull. The main advantage of this project is its cost effectiveness.

Working
Gas sensor output is in analog format. This analog voltage can not be givento 8051
microcontroller since it requires digital input. So we have to either interface analog to
digiotal converter or comparator between sensor and microcontroller. To reduce the cost
and to reduce the circuit size, we have chosen to add comparator in this circuit.

We have also provided a Buzzer for alarm indication. If smoke is detected then buzzer
will be turned on. We have also used 16by2 LCD display in this project. It will display
the name of the project as well as it displays other messages.

We will use MQ9 sensor for smoke detection. If the sensor crosses the threshold value
then buzzer will be turned on. LCD displays message as “smoke detected”.

3. Advantages and Applications

Applications of microcontroller based smoke detector used MQ9 sensor with buzzer
indication.

• This project has a domestic application can be use in our home kitchens.
• It also can be use in Shopping Malls, and other crowded places.
• It also can be use in university labs where all the time there is a danger of short
circuit and short circuit can cause fire.
• Also usefull in Hotels, College Canteens, Restaurants.

4. Hardware Specification
Some important hardwares and components we are gonna use in this project.

• Microcontroller (8051)

• MQ9 sensor (smoke sensor)

• Comparator

• LCD display

• Transistors, diodes, Crystal, Resistance, Capacitors

 • Buzzer

• Transformer, Voltage Regulator, Power Supply

5. Advantages
• Smoke sensor has a fast response

• Cost Effective