Technology

Vocational Livelihood 11
Shielded Metal Arc Welding

Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 5
TITLE: CORRECT ELECTRODE ANGLE
 EXPECTATIONS

This unit deals with the skills and knowledge involved in Welding Essentials
particularly on correct angle of electrode.

At the end of the lesson you are expected to:

1. define electrode angle;
3. identify the kinds of electrode angle; and
2. differentiate each electrode angle.

PRETEST

TRUE/FALSE

Directions: Read each statement below carefully. Write T if you think a statement it
TRUE and F if it is FALSE in the space provided before each number.

_______1. The travel angle is the angle measured between the axis of the electrode
and the axis of an imaginary line perpendicular to the weld axis.
_______2. The work angle between the electrode and the work piece.
_______3. The angle of electrode greatly affects the shape of the weld bead which is
very important in fillet and deep groove welding. The function of
electrode holders is used to grip the electrode.
_______4. The work angle is also called lead angle.
_______5. The proper travel angle for a groove weld is typically about twenty
degrees.

RECAP

What is the meaning of arc length?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

What are the different types of arc length?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 LESSON

Electrode Angle

The angle at which you hold the electrode greatly affects the shape of the weld bead
which is very important in fillet and deep groove welding.

The electrode angle consists of two positions: work angle and travel angle.

Work angle is the angle from the horizontal measured at right angles to the
direction of welding (fig, 7-15).

Travel angle is the angle in the direction of welding and may vary from 5 to 30
degrees, depending on the welder's choice and conditions (fig. 7-16).

Work angle is especially important in multiple-pass fillet welding. Normally, a

small variance of the work angle will not affect the appearance or quality of a weld;
however, when undercuts occur in the vertical section of a fillet weld, the angle of
the arc should be lowered and the electrode directed more toward the vertical
section.

The travel angle is the angle measured between the axis of the electrode and the
axis of an imaginary line perpendicular to the weld axis. The proper travel
angle for a groove weld is typically about twenty degrees, but may range from zero
degrees to about forty degrees, depending on the application.

http://www.tpub.com/
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slideshare.net%2Fvensonsarita%2Fshielded-metal-
arc-welding-by-venson-b-sarita&psig

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slideserve.com%2Flynda%2Ffusion-welding&psig

Angle of travel. When welding in the flat and horizontal positions, drag the
electrode at a 5- to 10-degree angle. When welding vertical-up or overhead, push the
electrode at a 5- to 10-degree angle.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fslideplayer.com%2Fslide%2F4215076%2F&psig=

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fslideplayer.com%2Fslide%2F4215076%2F&psig=

Angle of travel: Stick welding in the flat, horizontal and overhead positions uses a
drag or backhand welding technique. Hold the electrode perpendicular to the joint,
and then tilt the top in the direction of travel approximately 5 to 15 degrees. For
welding vertical up, use a push or forehand technique and tilt the top of the
electrode 0 to 15 degrees away from the direction of travel.
https://www.millerwelds.com/

Electrode Angles
The American Welding Society uses two terms to describe the position of the
electrode, gun or torch. These terms are used throughout this book and in industry
to describe the position of the electrode in relation to the material being welded.
The two terms used to describe the electrode angle, or position, are the travel angle
and the work angle.
Travel Angle of a Fillet Weld
The electrode travel angle for a fillet weld is measured in a plane defined by the
weld axis and the electrode axis. In this drawing, the electrode is at a forty-five-
degree angle from the base metal. The travel angle is the angle between the
electrode axis and an imaginary line in the plane that is perpendicular to the weld
axis. The proper travel angle for a fillet weld is typically about twenty degrees, but
may range from zero to about forty degrees, depending on the application.

Travel Angle for a Groove Weld

An electrode's travel angle is measured in a plane defined by the weld axis and the
electrode axis. The travel angle is the angle measured between the axis of the
electrode and the axis of an imaginary line perpendicular to the weld axis. The
proper travel angle for a groove weld is typically about twenty degrees, but may
range from zero degrees to about forty degrees, depending on the application.
http://www.halversoncts.com/

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY NO 1. DIFFERENTIATE ME

Direction: Differentiate the 2 electrode angle by writing your answer on the table.
ACTIVITY 2 DRAW ME

DIRECTION: There are 2 types of electrode angle, draw each and label the correct
angle.

Travel Angle Work angle

WRAP-UP

I hope you learned a lot today. Let me know by completing the sentence below:

Some of the things I learned today are:

________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

Now that you’ve learned the different types of electrode angle. Write your
thoughts on the diagram below:
1. What is the importance of knowing the different types electrode angle?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 POSTTEST

Directions: Identify what is being described in the statement below by writing the
letter of the correct answer on the blank provided before each number.
_________1. What is the angle at which you hold the electrode that affect the shape of

the weld?

A. Electrode angle C. travel angle

B. work angle D. 30 degrees

_________2. What is the angle between the electrode and work piece?

A. Electrode angle C. travel angle

B. work angle D. 30 degree angle

_________3. What is the angle that is in the direction of welding?

A. Electrode angle C. travel angle

B. work angle D. 30 degree angle

_________4. What is the proper travel angle for a groove weld?

A. 50 degrees C. 30 degrees

B. 40 degrees D. 20 degrees

_________5. What is the proper travel angle when welding in the flat and horizontal

positions?

A. 5 to 15 degrees C. 21 to 25 degrees

B. 16 to 20 degrees D. 26 to 30 degree