Professional Documents
Culture Documents
James E Timperley
J E Timperley Consulting.LLC
j.e.timperley2@gmail.com
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The isolated phase bus (IPB) is a high energy system used
to connect large electric generators to the power grid
through the GSU transformer. A typical bus operates for
decades with minimum care. How it works and how it is
built is not common knowledge.
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This presentation will discuss the more common IPB design
features and a brief theory of operation. Typical failures and
deterioration modes are discussed. Most failures can be
prevented with proper inspection, maintenance and testing.
The following design improvements and successful
remediation measures are a combination of over 40 years
following IPB at hundreds of sites in many countries.
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With a continuous
enclosure design the
external magnetic field
is reduced by 95%.
The shorting plates located
at both ends, tie all three
enclosures together.
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I define a “sealed system” as one that water enters but can not
escape. IPB must be kept dry. Ozone and moisture form nitric acid
which attacks all metal. Some systems are sealed and have a
slight positive pressure of dry air. If maintained this works fine.
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In most cases this poor bolting will result in very high levels of
radiated radio noise or EMI. Metal objects left inside a bus will
also result in high EMI levels. A scan for radiated EMI located the
Foreign Materials problems shown below.
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An excellent
reference is, “Using
Belleville Springs
To Maintain Bolt
Preload”, by
George P. Davet,
B.S.M.E. Solon Mfg.
Co. This
comprehensive
paper describes the
how and why of
preload bolted
electrical
connections.
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Isolated Phase Bus
Electrical grade aluminum, EC, (1350) is very soft and will cold
flow away from the pressure under a bolt if the correct washers
and bolt torque are not used. Correct bolting of different metals
will compensate for the differences in thermal expansion. Do not
use split washers and iron bolts!
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To prevent failures
1. Keep it clean
2. Keep it dry
3. Schedule visual internal and external inspections
4. Schedule IR and radiated EMI scans
5. Design out original defects and compromises
6. Always follow written procedures to bolt connections
7. Do not ignore minor problems, they tend to grow
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Isolated Phase Bus Common Problems
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Summary
The isolated phase bus has come in many designs over the
past 60 years. There are several major failures every year.
Most designs require little maintenance for decades of
reliable service. Routine inspections will correct most types
of deterioration. Some modest design changes can be
implemented to increase service life.
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Thank you for your time
Questions ?
James E. Timperley
J E Timperley Consulting.LLC
j.e.timperley2@gmail.com
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M: +1 614 519 7469