4-AClimate Change

Definition:
Global warming means rising temperature. It is related with greenhouse
effect.
Causes:
burning fossil fuel
deforestation
using octane, petrol in car
burning cow dung as fuel

Effects- Greenhouse effects- increase the harmful gases like so2, no2, CO2,
CFC, Methane
rising temperature leads to melting snow, melting snow leads to rising sea
level, rising sea level leads to cyclone, flood and other sufferings.
 4-B-Storm
Nor Wester/Tornado Cyclone

Origin Land Sea

Wind speed 140 km per hour 200 km per hour
Area Middle part of Bangladesh Coastal areas

Devastation more as takes small area Less as it takes vast area

Duration March/April or October/November April/May, September to

December
Solution for cyclone:

1. Rehabilitation centre
2. Improved Warning system
3. sluice gate on embankments
4. strong construction of houses
5. declaring the areas as uninhabitable

These e are only some precautions.

 4-CFloods
Types of flood
1.Monsoon flood:
Cause: excessive rainfall/ monsoon rainfall
Area: except high land and hilly areas/ coastal areas
Duration: June to September or early October
2. Flash Flood:
Causes: Heavy rainfall and poor drainage system
Area: Hilly areas
Duration: Between April and May
3. Rainfall induced Flood:
Cause: Heavy rainfall
Area: Local
Duration: Rainy season
4. Tidal flood:
Cause: High tide and storm surge
Area: Coastal
Duration: Monsoon season
Causes of Flood:
Solution:
1. Meteorological information
2. Afforestation and reforestation program
3. Planting flood resistant crops
4. Awareness
 4-D-Drought
Definition: Prolonged period of dry weather with insufficient rainfall.
It occurs when evaporation and transpiration exceed the amount of
precipitation.
North western part of Bangladesh is known as drought-prone areas as
–
1. There is less number of river with barrages
2. withdrawal of water for human
3. ground level does not refill properly
Effects:
Lack of green foliages
Lack of fodder for livestock
Lack of work
Famine
Price of food increases
Trend of migration increases
 4-E- Ground Water
Causes:
Insecticides and pesticides
Waste disposal
Use of arsenic treated wooden pole in power grid
Excessive lifting of groundwater
Effects:
Causes illness ‘Arsenicosis’
Black and white patches on the skin
Lever and kidney damaged
After 5 to 15 years, death
Solution:
Filtration, Rain water storage, using shallow tube wells, pond sand
filter, deep ground water than 150 m, arsenic removal plant
 4-F- Deforestation
Causes:
Human needs
Fuel
Industrialization
Shrimp culture
Effects:
Less rainfall
Climate change
Soil erosion
Natural loss
Solution:
Reforestation and afforestation, Bio diversity conservation
 4-G-Air Pollution
Causes:
Industries
Vehicles
Effects
Acid rain with the increase of harmful gases like co2. so2, no2,
cfc. Methane
The diversity decreases
Plant growth hampers
Health hazard like asthma
Corrosion of manmade structure
Solution:
Four stroke engine, catalytic convertor, chimney in factories,
ban on leaded petrol, proper monitoring, awareness